Object-Oriented Analysis and Design (OOA/D)
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07 Requirements What About RFP/RFB/Rfis?
CMPSCI520/620 07 Requirements & UML Intro 07 Requirements SW Requirements Specification • Readings • How do we communicate the Requirements to others? • [cK99] Cris Kobryn, Co-Chair, “Introduction to UML: Structural and Use Case Modeling,” UML Revision Task Force Object Modeling with OMG UML Tutorial • It is common practice to capture them in an SRS Series © 1999-2001 OMG and Contributors: Crossmeta, EDS, IBM, Enea Data, • But an SRS doesn’t need to be a single paper document Hewlett-Packard, IntelliCorp, Kabira Technologies, Klasse Objecten, Rational Software, Telelogic, Unisys http://www.omg.org/technology/uml/uml_tutorial.htm • Purpose • [OSBB99] Gunnar Övergaard, Bran Selic, Conrad Bock and Morgan Björkande, “Behavioral Modeling,” UML Revision Task Force, Object Modeling with OMG UML • Contractual requirements Tutorial Series © 1999-2001 OMG and Contributors: Crossmeta, EDS, IBM, Enea elicitation Data, Hewlett-Packard, IntelliCorp, Kabira Technologies, Klasse Objecten, Rational • Baseline Software, Telelogic, Unisys http://www.omg.org/technology/uml/uml_tutorial.htm • for evaluating subsequent products • [laM01] Maciaszek, L.A. (2001): Requirements Analysis and System Design. • for change control requirements Developing Information Systems with UML, Addison Wesley Copyright © 2000 by analysis Addison Wesley • Audience • [cB04] Bock, Conrad, Advanced Analysis and Design with UML • Users, Purchasers requirements http://www.kabira.com/bock/ specification • [rM02] Miller, Randy, “Practical UML: A hands-on introduction for developers,” -
Writing and Reviewing Use-Case Descriptions
Bittner/Spence_06.fm Page 145 Tuesday, July 30, 2002 12:04 PM PART II WRITING AND REVIEWING USE-CASE DESCRIPTIONS Part I, Getting Started with Use-Case Modeling, introduced the basic con- cepts of use-case modeling, including defining the basic concepts and understanding how to use these concepts to define the vision, find actors and use cases, and to define the basic concepts the system will use. If we go no further, we have an overview of what the system will do, an under- standing of the stakeholders of the system, and an understanding of the ways the system provides value to those stakeholders. What we do not have, if we stop at this point, is an understanding of exactly what the system does. In short, we lack the details needed to actually develop and test the system. Some people, having only come this far, wonder what use-case model- ing is all about and question its value. If one only comes this far with use- case modeling, we are forced to agree; the real value of use-case modeling comes from the descriptions of the interactions of the actors and the system, and from the descriptions of what the system does in response to the actions of the actors. Surprisingly, and disappointingly, many teams stop after developing little more than simple outlines for their use cases and consider themselves done. These same teams encounter problems because their use cases are vague and lack detail, so they blame the use-case approach for having let them down. The failing in these cases is not with the approach, but with its application. -
The Guide to Succeeding with Use Cases
USE-CASE 2.0 The Guide to Succeeding with Use Cases Ivar Jacobson Ian Spence Kurt Bittner December 2011 USE-CASE 2.0 The Definitive Guide About this Guide 3 How to read this Guide 3 What is Use-Case 2.0? 4 First Principles 5 Principle 1: Keep it simple by telling stories 5 Principle 2: Understand the big picture 5 Principle 3: Focus on value 7 Principle 4: Build the system in slices 8 Principle 5: Deliver the system in increments 10 Principle 6: Adapt to meet the team’s needs 11 Use-Case 2.0 Content 13 Things to Work With 13 Work Products 18 Things to do 23 Using Use-Case 2.0 30 Use-Case 2.0: Applicable for all types of system 30 Use-Case 2.0: Handling all types of requirement 31 Use-Case 2.0: Applicable for all development approaches 31 Use-Case 2.0: Scaling to meet your needs – scaling in, scaling out and scaling up 39 Conclusion 40 Appendix 1: Work Products 41 Supporting Information 42 Test Case 44 Use-Case Model 46 Use-Case Narrative 47 Use-Case Realization 49 Glossary of Terms 51 Acknowledgements 52 General 52 People 52 Bibliography 53 About the Authors 54 USE-CASE 2.0 The Definitive Guide Page 2 © 2005-2011 IvAr JacobSon InternationAl SA. All rights reserved. About this Guide This guide describes how to apply use cases in an agile and scalable fashion. It builds on the current state of the art to present an evolution of the use-case technique that we call Use-Case 2.0. -
Challenges and Opportunities for the Medical Device Industry Meeting the New IEC 62304 Standard 2 Challenges and Opportunities for the Medical Device Industry
IBM Software Thought Leadership White Paper Life Sciences Challenges and opportunities for the medical device industry Meeting the new IEC 62304 standard 2 Challenges and opportunities for the medical device industry Contents With IEC 62304, the world has changed—country by country— for medical device manufacturers. This doesn’t mean, however, 2 Executive summary that complying with IEC 62304 must slow down your medical 2 Changes in the medical device field device software development. By applying best practices guid- ance and process automation, companies have a new opportunity 3 What is so hard about software? to improve on their fundamental business goals, while getting through regulatory approvals faster, lowering costs and deliver- 4 Disciplined agile delivery: Flexibility with more structure ing safer devices. 4 Meeting the specification: A look at some of the details This paper will explore what IEC 62304 compliance means for manufacturers in some detail, and also describe the larger con- text of systems and software engineering best practices at work 6 Process steps for IEC 62304 compliance in many of today’s most successful companies. 7 Performing the gap analysis Changes in the medical device field 8 Choosing software tools for IEC 62304 The IEC 62304 standard points to the more powerful role that software plays in the medical device industry. Once hardware 11 Conclusion was king. Older systems used software, of course, but it was not the main focus, and there wasn’t much of a user interface. Executive summary Software was primarily used for algorithmic work. Not to overly The recent IEC 62304 standard for medical device software is generalize, but the focus of management was on building causing companies worldwide to step back and examine their hardware that worked correctly; software was just a necessary software development processes with considerable scrutiny. -
The Timeboxing Process Model for Iterative Software Development
The Timeboxing Process Model for Iterative Software Development Pankaj Jalote Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur – 208016; India Aveejeet Palit, Priya Kurien Infosys Technologies Limited Electronics City Bangalore – 561 229; India Contact: [email protected] ABSTRACT In today’s business where speed is of essence, an iterative development approach that allows the functionality to be delivered in parts has become a necessity and an effective way to manage risks. In an iterative process, the development of a software system is done in increments, each increment forming of an iteration and resulting in a working system. A common iterative approach is to decide what should be developed in an iteration and then plan the iteration accordingly. A somewhat different iterative is approach is to time box different iterations. In this approach, the length of an iteration is fixed and what should be developed in an iteration is adjusted to fit the time box. Generally, the time boxed iterations are executed in sequence, with some overlap where feasible. In this paper we propose the timeboxing process model that takes the concept of time boxed iterations further by adding pipelining concepts to it for permitting overlapped execution of different iterations. In the timeboxing process model, each time boxed iteration is divided into equal length stages, each stage having a defined function and resulting in a clear work product that is handed over to the next stage. With this division into stages, pipelining concepts are employed to have multiple time boxes executing concurrently, leading to a reduction in the delivery time for product releases. -
Software Architecture and Agility
Agility and Architecture May 18 2010 Agility and Architecture: An Oxymoron? Philippe Kruchten Saturn May 18, 2010 Philippe Kruchten, Ph.D., P.Eng., CSDP Professor of So)ware Engineering NSERC Chair in Design Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of BriIsh Columbia Vancouver, BC Canada [email protected] Founder and president Kruchten Engineering Services Ltd Vancouver, BC Canada [email protected] Philippe Kruchten 1 Agility and Architecture May 18 2010 Agile & Architecture? Oil & Water? • Paradox • Oxymoron • Conflict • IncompaIbility Outline • Agility?? • SoSware architecture? • A story • Seven viewpoints on a single problem • The zipper model • A clash of two cultures • Summary Philippe Kruchten 2 Agility and Architecture May 18 2010 Agility • A definiIon – Agility is the ability to both create and respond to change in order to profit in a turbulent business environment. Jim Highsmith (2002) • CharacterisIcs – IteraIve and incremental – Small release – Collocaon – Release plan/ feature backlog – IteraIon plan/task backlog Sanjiv AugusIne (2004) Agile Values: the Agile Manifesto We have come to value: • Individuals and interacIons over process and tools, • Working soSware over comprehensive documents, • Customer collaboraIon over contract negoIaIon, • Responding to change over following a plan. That is, while there is value in the items on the right, we value the items on the leS more Source: hp://www.agilemanifesto.org/ Philippe Kruchten 3 Agility and Architecture May 18 2010 Geng at the Essence of Agility • SoSware development is a knowledge acIvity – Not producIon, manufacturing, administraIon… • The “machines” are humans • Dealing with uncertainty, unknowns, fear, distrust • Feedback loop -> – reflect on business, requirements, risks, process, people, technology • CommunicaIon and collaboraIon -> – Building trust Named Agile Methods • XP = eXtreme Programming (K. -
Sysml, the Language of MBSE Paul White
Welcome to SysML, the Language of MBSE Paul White October 8, 2019 Brief Introduction About Myself • Work Experience • 2015 – Present: KIHOMAC / BAE – Layton, Utah • 2011 – 2015: Astronautics Corporation of America – Milwaukee, Wisconsin • 2001 – 2011: L-3 Communications – Greenville, Texas • 2000 – 2001: Hynix – Eugene, Oregon • 1999 – 2000: Raytheon – Greenville, Texas • Education • 2019: OMG OCSMP Model Builder—Fundamental Certification • 2011: Graduate Certification in Systems Engineering and Architecting – Stevens Institute of Technology • 1999 – 2004: M.S. Computer Science – Texas A&M University at Commerce • 1993 – 1998: B.S. Computer Science – Texas A&M University • INCOSE • Chapters: Wasatch (2015 – Present), Chicagoland (2011 – 2015), North Texas (2007 – 2011) • Conferences: WSRC (2018), GLRCs (2012-2017) • CSEP: (2017 – Present) • 2019 INCOSE Outstanding Service Award • 2019 INCOSE Wasatch -- Most Improved Chapter Award & Gold Circle Award • Utah Engineers Council (UEC) • 2019 & 2018 Engineer of the Year (INCOSE) for Utah Engineers Council (UEC) • Vice Chair • Family • Married 14 years • Three daughters (1, 12, & 10) 2 Introduction 3 Our Topics • Definitions and Expectations • SysML Overview • Basic Features of SysML • Modeling Tools and Techniques • Next Steps 4 What is Model-based Systems Engineering (MBSE)? Model-based systems engineering (MBSE) is “the formalized application of modeling to support system requirements, design, analysis, verification and validation activities beginning in the conceptual design phase and continuing throughout development and later life cycle phases.” -- INCOSE SE Vision 2020 5 What is Model-based Systems Engineering (MBSE)? “Formal systems modeling is standard practice for specifying, analyzing, designing, and verifying systems, and is fully integrated with other engineering models. System models are adapted to the application domain, and include a broad spectrum of models for representing all aspects of systems. -
Best Practice of SOA
JOURNAL OF COMPUTING, VOLUME 2, ISSUE 2, FEBRUARY 2010, ISSN: 2151-9617 38 HTTPS://SITES.GOOGLE.COM/SITE/JOURNALOFCOMPUTING/ Improvement in RUP Project Management via Service Monitoring: Best Practice of SOA Sheikh Muhammad Saqib1, Shakeel Ahmad1, Shahid Hussain 2, Bashir Ahmad 1 and Arjamand Bano3 1Institute of Computing and Information Technology Gomal University, D.I.Khan, Pakistan 2 Namal University, Mianwali , Pakistan 3 Mathematics Department Gomal University, D.I.Khan, Pakistan Abstract-- Management of project planning, monitoring, scheduling, estimation and risk management are critical issues faced by a project manager during development life cycle of software. In RUP, project management is considered as core discipline whose activities are carried in all phases during development of software products. On other side service monitoring is considered as best practice of SOA which leads to availability, auditing, debugging and tracing process. In this paper, authors define a strategy to incorporate the service monitoring of SOA into RUP to improve the artifacts of project management activities. Moreover, the authors define the rules to implement the features of service monitoring, which help the project manager to carry on activities in well define manner. Proposed frame work is implemented on RB (Resuming Bank) application and obtained improved results on PM (Project Management) work. Index Terms—RUP, SOA, Service Monitoring, Availability, auditing, tracing, Project Management NTRODUCTION 1. I 2. RATIONAL UNIFIED PROCESS (RUP) Software projects which are developed through RUP RUP is a software engineering process model, which provides process model are solution oriented and object a disciplined approach to assigning tasks and responsibilities oriented. It provides a disciplined approach to within a development environment. -
Descriptive Approach to Software Development Life Cycle Models
7797 Shaveta Gupta et al./ Elixir Comp. Sci. & Engg. 45 (2012) 7797-7800 Available online at www.elixirpublishers.com (Elixir International Journal) Computer Science and Engineering Elixir Comp. Sci. & Engg. 45 (2012) 7797-7800 Descriptive approach to software development life cycle models Shaveta Gupta and Sanjana Taya Department of Computer Science and Applications, Seth Jai Parkash Mukand Lal Institute of Engineering & Technology, Radaur, Distt. Yamunanagar (135001), Haryana, India. ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: The concept of system lifecycle models came into existence that emphasized on the need to Received: 24 January 2012; follow some structured approach towards building new or improved system. Many models Received in revised form: were suggested like waterfall, prototype, rapid application development, V-shaped, top & 17 March 2012; Bottom model etc. In this paper, we approach towards the traditional as well as recent Accepted: 6 April 2012; software development life cycle models. © 2012 Elixir All rights reserved. Keywords Software Development Life Cycle, Phases and Software Development, Life Cycle Models, Traditional Models, Recent Models. Introduction Software Development Life Cycle Models The Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is the entire Software Development Life Cycle Model is an abstract process of formal, logical steps taken to develop a software representation of a development process. SDLC models can be product. Within the broader context of Application Lifecycle categorized as: Management (ALM), the SDLC -
Reflections on Software Architecture Linda Northrop SEI Fellow
Reflections on Software Architecture Linda Northrop SEI Fellow Software Engineering Institute Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA 15213 © 2016 Carnegie Mellon University Distribution Statement A: Approved for Public Release; Distribution is Unlimited Notices Copyright 2016 Carnegie Mellon University This material is based upon work funded and supported by the Department of Defense under Contract No. FA8721-05-C-0003 with Carnegie Mellon University for the operation of the Software Engineering Institute, a federally funded research and development center. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Department of Defense. NO WARRANTY. THIS CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY AND SOFTWARE ENGINEERING INSTITUTE MATERIAL IS FURNISHED ON AN “AS-IS” BASIS. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY MAKES NO WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, AS TO ANY MATTER INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR PURPOSE OR MERCHANTABILITY, EXCLUSIVITY, OR RESULTS OBTAINED FROM USE OF THE MATERIAL. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY DOES NOT MAKE ANY WARRANTY OF ANY KIND WITH RESPECT TO FREEDOM FROM PATENT, TRADEMARK, OR COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT. [Distribution Statement A] This material has been approved for public release and unlimited distribution. Please see Copyright notice for non-US Government use and distribution. This material may be reproduced in its entirety, without modification, and freely distributed in written or electronic form without requesting formal permission. Permission is required for any other use. Requests for permission should be directed to the Software Engineering Institute at [email protected]. Carnegie Mellon® and CERT® are registered marks of Carnegie Mellon University. -
Ovum Decision Matrix: Selecting an Application Lifecycle Management and Devops Solution, 2019–20
Ovum Decision Matrix: Selecting an Application Lifecycle Management and DevOps Solution, 2019–20 Publication Date: 27 Jun 2019 | Product code: INT003-000374 Michael Azoff Ovum Decision Matrix: Selecting an Application Lifecycle Management and DevOps Solution, 2019–20 Summary Catalyst Software lifecycle management (SLM) is the management of software development by taking a lifecycle approach from concept through the management of requirements, testing, coding, deployment, upgrades, maintenance, and final retirement. The market provides tools to support this lifecycle in the form of application lifecycle management (ALM) tools and, with the rise of DevOps, tools that provide DevOps-style release management, orchestration, and automation. This Ovum Decision Matrix (ODM) examines ALM tools that cross over into DevOps to support the full arc of the lifecycle from application/product concept to deployment into production. Ovum view ALM origins and trends The need for taking an SLM approach is best thought of as good practice in the relatively young art of software development. The ALM tools market has evolved to support SLM through the years; at its core is the development methodology or work process, and this has evolved over time, starting with waterfall or linear stage-gate processes and incorporating various innovations such as Tom Gilb's evolutionary delivery, Barry Boehm's spiral model, and Rational's unified process, before Agile and lean swept the board with examples such as Scrum, extreme programming, and Kanban boards post- 2001 (when the Agile Manifesto was created). The integrated ALM suite tools market really took off around 2003 but supported waterfall because Agile was still under the radar. -
UML 2001: a Standardization Odyssey
UML 2001: A Standardization Odyssey As the UML reaches the ripe age of four, both its proponents and its critics are scanning the recent changes in the UML 1.3 revision. CRIS KOBRYN In a relatively short period of time the Unified Modeling Language has emerged as the software industry’s dominant modeling language. UML is not only a de facto modeling language standard; it is fast becoming a de jure standard. Nearly two years ago the Object Management Group (OMG) adopted UML as its standard modeling language. As an approved Publicly Available Specification (PAS) submitter to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), the OMG is proposing the UML specification for international timescales of standards usually conflict with the standardization. It is anticipated that the “fast competitive need to use the latest technology as track” PAS process will complete sometime next early as possible. From a technical perspective, the year, at which time UML will be formally recog- need to achieve consensus encourages “design by nized as an international standard for information committee” processes. In this sort of environment, technology. sound technical tradeoffs are often overridden by The major benefits of international standardiza- inferior political compromises. Too frequently the tion for a specification include wide recognition and resulting specifications become bloated with patches acceptance, which typically enlarge the market for in a manner similar to the way laws become fattened products based on it. However, these benefits often with riders in “pork belly” legislation. demand a high price. Standardization processes are This article explores how the UML is faring in typically formal and protracted, seeking to accom- the international standardization process.