90 Day Supply Drug List 04-01-20 V2.Indd
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SPIRONOLACTONE Spironolactone – Oral (Common Brand Name
SPIRONOLACTONE Spironolactone – oral (common brand name: Aldactone) Uses: Spironolactone is used to treat high blood pressure. Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. It is also used to treat swelling (edema) caused by certain conditions (e.g., congestive heart failure) by removing excess fluid and improving symptoms such as breathing problems. This medication is also used to treat low potassium levels and conditions in which the body is making too much of a natural chemical (aldosterone). Spironolactone is known as a “water pill” (potassium-sparing diuretic). Other uses: This medication has also been used to treat acne in women, female pattern hair loss, and excessive hair growth (hirsutism), especially in women with polycystic ovary disease. Side effects: Drowsiness, lightheadedness, stomach upset, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, or headache may occur. To minimize lightheadedness, get up slowly when rising from a seated or lying position. If any of these effects persist or worsen, notify your doctor promptly. Tell your doctor immediately if any of these unlikely but serious side effects occur; dizziness, increased thirst, change in the amount of urine, mental/mood chances, unusual fatigue/weakness, muscle spasms, menstrual period changes, sexual function problems. This medication may lead to high levels of potassium, especially in patients with kidney problems. If not treated, very high potassium levels can be fatal. Tell your doctor immediately if you notice any of the following unlikely but serious side effects: slow/irregular heartbeat, muscle weakness. Precautions: Before taking spironolactone, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or if you have any other allergies. -
An Approach to the Patient with a Dry Mouth
MedicineToday 2014; 15(4): 30-37 PEER REVIEWED FEATURE 2 CPD POINTS An approach to the patient with a dry mouth Key points • The subjective complaint of ELHAM AFLAKI MD; TAHEREH ERFANI MD; NICHOLAS MANOLIOS MB BS(Hons), PhD, MD, FRACP, FRCPA; xerostomia needs to be MARK SCHIFTER FFD, RCSI(Oral Med), FRACDS(Oral Med) differentiated from true salivary hypofunction. Dry mouth is a common and disabling problem. After exclusion of treatable • Salivary hypofunction can significantly reduce quality causes, treatment is symptomatic to prevent the consequences of salivary of life through its adverse hypofunction, such as tooth decay and infection of the oral mucosa. effects on taste, mastication, swallowing, cleansing of the erostomia, or the subjective feeling of neuropathic-induced orofacial dysaesthesia) mouth, killing of microbes a dry mouth, is a common complaint. and psychological and psychiatric disorders, and speech. It is often a consequence of salivary such as anxiety and depression. • Salivary hypofunction is a hypofunction (hyposalivation), in substantive risk factor for X which there is objective evidence of reduced NORMAL SALIVA PRODUCTION dental caries, oral mucosal salivary output or qualitative changes in saliva. Under normal physiological conditions, the disease and infection, Typically, patients complain of oral dryness salivary glands produce 1000 to 1500 mL of particularly oral candidiasis. only when salivary secretion is reduced by more saliva daily as an ultrafiltrate from the circu- • Patients should be than half.1 As saliva has a crucial role in taste lating plasma. Therefore, simple dehydration investigated for contributory perception, mastication, swallowing, cleansing reduces saliva production. The parotid glands and underlying causes, of the mouth, killing of microbes and speech, are the major source of serous saliva (60 to 65% which include drugs and abnormalities in saliva production can signif- of total saliva volume), producing the stimu- rheumatological diseases. -
Pilocarpine (Systemic) | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
PATIENT & CAREGIVER EDUCATION Pilocarpine (Systemic) This information from Lexicomp® explains what you need to know about this medication, including what it’s used for, how to take it, its side effects, and when to call your healthcare provider. Brand Names: US Salagen Brand Names: Canada JAMP Pilocarpine; M-Pilocarpine; Salagen What is this drug used for? It is used to treat dry mouth. What do I need to tell my doctor BEFORE I take this drug? If you have an allergy to pilocarpine or any other part of this drug. If you are allergic to this drug; any part of this drug; or any other drugs, foods, or substances. Tell your doctor about the allergy and what signs you had. If you have any of these health problems: Asthma, glaucoma, liver disease, or swelling in parts of the eye. If you are breast-feeding or plan to breast-feed. This is not a list of all drugs or health problems that interact with this drug. Tell your doctor and pharmacist about all of your drugs (prescription or OTC, natural products, vitamins) and health problems. You must check to make sure Pilocarpine (Systemic) 1/6 that it is safe for you to take this drug with all of your drugs and health problems. Do not start, stop, or change the dose of any drug without checking with your doctor. What are some things I need to know or do while I take this drug? Tell all of your health care providers that you take this drug. This includes your doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and dentists. -
Prediction of Premature Termination Codon Suppressing Compounds for Treatment of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Using Machine Learning
Prediction of Premature Termination Codon Suppressing Compounds for Treatment of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy using Machine Learning Kate Wang et al. Supplemental Table S1. Drugs selected by Pharmacophore-based, ML-based and DL- based search in the FDA-approved drugs database Pharmacophore WEKA TF 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3- 5-O-phosphono-alpha-D- (phospho-rac-(1-glycerol)) ribofuranosyl diphosphate Acarbose Amikacin Acetylcarnitine Acetarsol Arbutamine Acetylcholine Adenosine Aldehydo-N-Acetyl-D- Benserazide Acyclovir Glucosamine Bisoprolol Adefovir dipivoxil Alendronic acid Brivudine Alfentanil Alginic acid Cefamandole Alitretinoin alpha-Arbutin Cefdinir Azithromycin Amikacin Cefixime Balsalazide Amiloride Cefonicid Bethanechol Arbutin Ceforanide Bicalutamide Ascorbic acid calcium salt Cefotetan Calcium glubionate Auranofin Ceftibuten Cangrelor Azacitidine Ceftolozane Capecitabine Benserazide Cerivastatin Carbamoylcholine Besifloxacin Chlortetracycline Carisoprodol beta-L-fructofuranose Cilastatin Chlorobutanol Bictegravir Citicoline Cidofovir Bismuth subgallate Cladribine Clodronic acid Bleomycin Clarithromycin Colistimethate Bortezomib Clindamycin Cyclandelate Bromotheophylline Clofarabine Dexpanthenol Calcium threonate Cromoglicic acid Edoxudine Capecitabine Demeclocycline Elbasvir Capreomycin Diaminopropanol tetraacetic acid Erdosteine Carbidopa Diazolidinylurea Ethchlorvynol Carbocisteine Dibekacin Ethinamate Carboplatin Dinoprostone Famotidine Cefotetan Dipyridamole Fidaxomicin Chlormerodrin Doripenem Flavin adenine dinucleotide -
Exforge HCT in Patients with These Highlights Do Not Include All the Information Needed to Use Diabetes (4) EXFORGE HCT Safely and Effectively
HIGHLIGHTS OF PRESCRIBING INFORMATION Do not coadminister aliskiren with Exforge HCT in patients with These highlights do not include all the information needed to use diabetes (4) EXFORGE HCT safely and effectively. See full prescribing information for EXFORGE HCT. -----------------------WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ----------------------- Hypotension: Correct volume depletion prior to initiation (5.2) ® EXFORGE HCT (amlodipine, valsartan, and hydrochlorothiazide) Increased angina and/or myocardial infarction (5.3) tablets, for oral use Monitor renal function and potassium in susceptible patients (5.4, 5.5) Initial U.S. Approval: 2009 Exacerbation or activation of systemic lupus erythematosus (5.7) WARNING: FETAL TOXICITY Observe for signs of fluid or electrolyte imbalance (5.9) See full prescribing information for complete boxed warning. Acute angle-closure glaucoma (5.10) When pregnancy is detected, discontinue Exforge HCT as soon as possible. (5.1) ------------------------------ADVERSE REACTIONS ------------------------------ Drugs that act directly on the renin-angiotensin system can cause Most common adverse events (≥ 2% incidence) are dizziness, peripheral injury and death to the developing fetus. (5.1) edema, headache, dyspepsia, fatigue, muscle spasms, back pain, nausea, and nasopharyngitis. (6.1) ---------------------------INDICATIONS AND USAGE --------------------------- Exforge HCT is a combination tablet of amlodipine, a dihydropyridine To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Novartis calcium channel blocker (DHP CCB), valsartan, an angiotensin II receptor Pharmaceuticals Corporation at 1-888-669-6682 or FDA at 1-800-FDA- blocker (ARB), and hydrochlorothiazide, a thiazide diuretic. Exforge HCT is 1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. indicated for the treatment of hypertension to lower blood pressure. Lowering blood pressure reduces the risk of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events, ------------------------------DRUG INTERACTIONS ------------------------------ primarily strokes, and myocardial infarctions. -
Drug Class Review Ophthalmic Cholinergic Agonists
Drug Class Review Ophthalmic Cholinergic Agonists 52:40.20 Miotics Acetylcholine (Miochol-E) Carbachol (Isopto Carbachol; Miostat) Pilocarpine (Isopto Carpine; Pilopine HS) Final Report November 2015 Review prepared by: Melissa Archer, PharmD, Clinical Pharmacist Carin Steinvoort, PharmD, Clinical Pharmacist Gary Oderda, PharmD, MPH, Professor University of Utah College of Pharmacy Copyright © 2015 by University of Utah College of Pharmacy Salt Lake City, Utah. All rights reserved. Table of Contents Executive Summary ......................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 4 Table 1. Glaucoma Therapies ................................................................................................. 5 Table 2. Summary of Agents .................................................................................................. 6 Disease Overview ........................................................................................................................ 8 Table 3. Summary of Current Glaucoma Clinical Practice Guidelines ................................... 9 Pharmacology ............................................................................................................................... 10 Methods ....................................................................................................................................... -
Association Between N-Desmethylclozapine and Clozapine-Induced Sialorrhea
JPET Fast Forward. Published on August 29, 2020 as DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.000164 This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. 1 Title page Association between N-desmethylclozapine and clozapine-induced sialorrhea: Involvement of increased nocturnal salivary secretion via muscarinic receptors by N- desmethylclozapine Downloaded from Authors and Affiliations: Shuhei Ishikawa, PhD1, 2, a, Masaki Kobayashi, PhD1, 3, *, Naoki Hashimoto, PhD, jpet.aspetjournals.org MD4, Hideaki Mikami, BPharm1, Akihiko Tanimura, PhD5, Katsuya Narumi, PhD1, Ayako Furugen, PhD1, Ichiro Kusumi, PhD, MD4, and Ken Iseki, PhD1 at ASPET Journals on September 23, 2021 1 Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics & Therapeutics, Division of Pharmasciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University 2 Department of Pharmacy, Hokkaido University Hospital 3 Education Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University 4 Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine 5 Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido a Present address: Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Hospital JPET Fast Forward. Published on August 29, 2020 as DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.000164 This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. 2 Running title page Association between N-desmethylclozapine and CIS Corresponding author: Masaki Kobayashi Downloaded from Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics & Therapeutics, Division of Pharmasciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12-jo, Nishi-6-chome, jpet.aspetjournals.org Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan. Phone/Fax: +81-11-706-3772/3235. E-mail: [email protected] at ASPET Journals on September 23, 2021 Number of text pages: 25 Number of tables: 1 Number of figures: 6 Number of words in the Abstract: 249 Number of words in the Introduction: 686 Number of words in the Discussion: 1492 JPET Fast Forward. -
Pharmacological and Ionic Characterizations of the Muscarinic Receptors Modulating [3H]Acetylcholine Release from Rat Cortical Synaptosomes’
0270.6474/85/0505-1202$02.00/O The Journal of Neuroscience CopyrIght 0 Society for Neuroscrence Vol. 5, No. 5, pp. 1202-1207 Printed in U.S.A. May 1985 Pharmacological and Ionic Characterizations of the Muscarinic Receptors Modulating [3H]Acetylcholine Release from Rat Cortical Synaptosomes’ EDWIN M. MEYER* AND DEBORAH H. OTERO Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida School of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610 Abstract brain (Gonzales and Crews, 1984). M,-receptors, however, appear pre- and postsynaptically in brain, are regulated by an intrinsic The muscarinic receptors that modulate acetylcholine membrane protein that binds to GTP (g-protein), and may not be release from rat cortical synaptosomes were characterized coupled to changes in phosphatidylinositol turnover. with respect to sensitivity to drugs that act selectively at M, The present studies were designed to determine whether M,- or or Ma receptor subtypes, as well as to changes in ionic Mp-receptors mediate the presynaptic modulation of ACh release. strength and membrane potential. The modulatory receptors These studies involve dose-response curves for the release of appear to be of the M2 type, since they are activated by synaptosomal [3H]ACh in the presence of selected muscarinic ago- carbachol, acetylcholine, methacholine, oxotremorine, and nists and antagonists, as well as treatments that selectively alter MI- bethanechol, but not by pilocarpine, and are blocked by or M,-receptor activity. Our results indicate that the presynaptic atropine, scopolamine, and gallamine (at high concentra- modulation of [3H]ACh release is mediated by MP- but not MI- tions), but not by pirenzepine or dicyclomine. -
Karger AG, Basel Published Online: November 26, 2018 by S
Neurosignals 2018;26:77-93 DOI: 10.1159/000495425 © 2018 The Author(s).© 2018 Published The Author(s) by S. Karger AG, Basel Published online: November 26, 2018 www.karger.com/nsgPublished by S. Karger AG, Basel 77 www.karger.com/nsg Accepted:Hundehege November et al.: Pregabalin 08, 2018 in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalitis This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Interna- tional License (CC BY-NC-ND) (http://www.karger.com/Services/OpenAccessLicense). Usage and distribution for commercial purposes as well as any distribution of modified material requires written permission. Original Paper Targeting Voltage-Dependent Calcium Channels with Pregabalin Exerts a Direct Neuroprotective Effect in an Animal Model of Multiple Sclerosis Petra Hundehegea Juncal Fernandez-Ortha Pia Römera Tobias Rucka Thomas Münteferinga Susann Eichlera Manuela Cerinaa Lisa Eppinga Sarah Albrechta Amélie F. Menkea Katharina Birknerb Kerstin Göbela Thomas Buddec Frauke Zippb Heinz Wiendla Ali Gorjid Stefan Bittnerb Sven G. Meutha aNeurology Department with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, bDepartment of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, cInstitute of Physiology I, University of Münster, dNeurology Department with Institute of Translational Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, University of Münster, Germany Key Words Multiple sclerosis • Pregabalin • Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis • Neuroprotection Abstract Background/Aims: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a prototypical autoimmune central nervous system (CNS) disease. Particularly progressive forms of MS (PMS) show significant neuroaxonal damage as consequence of demyelination and neuronal hyperexcitation. Immuno-modulatory treatment strategies are beneficial in relapsing MS (RMS), but mostly fail in PMS. -
I Extemporaneously Compounded Buccal Pilocarpine Preparations
Extemporaneously compounded buccal pilocarpine preparations, acceptability and pilot testing for the treatment of xerostomia (dry mouth) in Australia Rose Motawade Lawendy Estafanos Bachelor of Pharmacy (Honours) Master of Pharmacy A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Queensland in 2019 School of Pharmacy i Abstract Xerostomia, the subjective feeling of dry mouth, is characterised by hypofunctioning salivary glands in which either the quantity or quality of saliva is reduced. It is a common symptom for a variety of diseases such as rheumatic and dysmetabolic diseases, and is the primary symptom associated with Sjögren’s syndrome. Xerostomia is also caused by treatments such as radiotherapy to the head and neck region and is a side effect of a range of medications. People with xerostomia usually experience dryness of mouth, lips and throat. They are more susceptible to dental caries, oral mucositis and enhanced tooth decay. They have problems with moistening, chewing and swallowing foods and taste alterations associated with reduction in salivary flow can affect their ability to taste food. These consequences can lead to decreased food consumption, which can cause malnutrition and further suppression of their immune defence mechanisms with increased risk of morbidity and reduced quality of life. Some approaches to managing xerostomia include sipping fluids such as water more frequently to moisten the oral mucosa, chewing sugar free gum to stimulate more saliva secretion, and using saliva replacement gels or drops. However, these strategies often do not provide sufficient relief due to the short-term effect they produce. Thus, a strong rationale exists for the development and evaluation of a medication to help treat dry mouth symptoms. -
Adverse Effects of Medications on Oral Health
Adverse Effects of Medications on Oral Health Dr. James Krebs, BS Pharm, MS, PharmD Director of Experiential Education College of Pharmacy, University of New England Presented by: Rachel Foster PharmD Candidate, Class of 2014 University of New England October 2013 Objectives • Describe the pathophysiology of various medication-related oral reactions • Recognize the signs and symptoms associated with medication-related oral reactions • Identify the populations associated with various offending agents • Compare the treatment options for medication-related oral reactions Medication-related Oral Reactions • Stomatitis • Oral Candidiasis • Burning mouth • Gingival hyperplasia syndrome • Alterations in • Glossitis salivation • Erythema • Alterations in taste Multiforme • Halitosis • Oral pigmentation • Angioedema • Tooth discoloration • Black hairy tongue Medication-related Stomatitis • Clinical presentation – Aphthous-like ulcers, mucositis, fixed-drug eruption, lichen planus1,2 – Open sores in the mouth • Tongue, gum line, buccal membrane – Patient complaint of soreness or burning http://www.virtualmedicalcentre.com/diseases/oral-mucositis-om/92 0 http://www.virtualmedicalcentre.com/diseases/oral-mucositis-om/920 Medication-related Stomatitis • Offending agents1,2 Medication Indication Patient Population Aspirin •Heart health • >18 years old •Pain reliever • Cardiac patients NSAIDs (i.e. Ibuprofen, •Headache General population naproxen) •Pain reliever •Fever reducer Chemotherapy (i.e. •Breast cancer •Oncology patients methotrexate, 5FU, •Colon -
AMILORIDE HYDROCHLORIDE and HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE- Amiloride Hydrochloride and Hydrochlorothiazide Tablet Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc
AMILORIDE HYDROCHLORIDE AND HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE- amiloride hydrochloride and hydrochlorothiazide tablet Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc. ---------- DESCRIPTION Amiloride hydrochloride and hydrochlorothiazide tablets, USP combine the potassium- conserving action of amiloride hydrochloride with the natriuretic action of hydrochlorothiazide. Amiloride hydrochloride is designated chemically as 3,5-diamino-6-chloro-N-(diamino- methylene)pyrazinecarboxamide monohydrochloride, dihydrate. It has the following structural formula: C6H8ClN7O•HCl•2H2O MW = 302.12 Hydrochlorothiazide is designated chemically as 6-chloro-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4- benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide 1,1-dioxide. It has the following structural formula: C7H8ClN3O4S2 MW = 297.74 It is a white, or practically white, crystalline powder which is slightly soluble in water, but freely soluble in sodium hydroxide solution. Each tablet, for oral administration, contains 5 mg of amiloride hydrochloride, USP (calculated on the anhydrous basis) and 50 mg of hydrochlorothiazide, USP. In addition, each tablet contains the following inactive ingredients: croscarmellose sodium, FD&C Yellow No. 6 Aluminum Lake, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, pregelatinized starch (corn), and sodium lauryl sulfate. CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY Amiloride hydrochloride and hydrochlorothiazide tablets provide diuretic and antihypertensive activity (principally due to the hydrochlorothiazide component), while acting through the amiloride component to prevent the excessive potassium loss that may occur in patients receiving