Eastern Ecuador High Andes to Vast Amazon

5 – 19 March 2010

Tour leader: José Illánes

Report and photos by José Illánes Photo above: Long-tailed Sylph

Itinerary: 5 March Arrival/Night in Quito. 6 March Antisana Ecological Reserve, Papallacta Pass/Night in Guango Lodge. 7 March Papallacta Pass and Guango/Night in Cabañas San Isidro. 8 March San Isidro area/Night Cabañas San Isidro. 9 March Guacamayos Ridge, Loreto Road and WildSumaco/Night WildSumaco. 10-11 March WildSumaco Area/Nights Wild Sumaco. 12 March Wild Sumaco and travel to Napo Wildlife Center/Night Napo Wildlife Center. 13-14 March Napo Wildlife Center 15 March Napo Wildlife Center to Sacha Lodge/Night Sacha Lodge. 16-17 March Sacha Lodge 18 March Sacha Lodge, Coca, and fly to Quito/Night Quito. 19 March Departure.

Tropical Birding www.tropicalbirding.com 1 6 March. We all met up early at the Hotel Sebastian in Quito, and I introduced myself and our driver Nico, before heading up to the Antisana Reserve, all excited to visit this new and beautiful place. Even for me, I never get tired of it. We started looking for some of the target species, and it was great to see at least four Giant Hummingbirds, Black-tailed Trainbearer, Shining Sunbeam, Plain- breasted Hawk, Black-chested Buzzard-Eagle, Variable Hawk, Red- crested Cotinga, Southern Yellow- Grosbeak, Yellow-breasted Brush- Finch, Tufted Tit-Tyrant, and a Brown- backed Chat-Tyrant . It was a great start, so we continued going up the road, where we got the chance to pick up Black- winged Ground-Dove and Streak- backed Canastero, which sometimes can be very difficult , Paramo Pipit, Paramo Ground-Tyrant, Plumbeous Sierra-Finch , and a fantastic view of the Aplomado Falcon shown here. As we reached on the top of the Antisana Reserve, in the regular spot, we found hundreds of Carunculated Caracaras digging on the ground searching for their food, about same number of Andean Gulls , at least 10 pairs of the threatened Black-faced Ibis , and the lovely Andean Lapwing . On the way we visited a hacienda, where they have hummer feeders that attract the Ecuadorian Hillstar , which luckily we saw. As we were heading towards Mica Lake, we were really excited to spot a perched Andean Condor , perhaps the most wanted species in this reserve. The lake itself provided some good species like Andean Ruddy-Duck, Yellow-billed Pintail, Andean Coot, Andean Teal , and the cute Silvery Grebe .

After our lunch, we headed to Papallacta Pass. After two hours driving we got to this freezing place, above 13,000 ft., and stopped for Bar-winged and Stout-billed Cinclodes , but were lucky to see the elusive Red-rumped Bush-Tyrant , which some of my colleagues would be jealous of. Later in the afternoon we arrived at Guango Lodge where we would spend the night; once our bags were unloaded, we watched the hummer feeders, where we picked up nine hummingbird species: Tourmaline Sunangel, Chestnut-breasted and Buff-tailed Coronets, Speckled Hummingbird, Long-tailed Sylph, White-bellied Woodstar, Sparkling Violet-ear, Tyrian Metaltail , and Collared Inca . After the feeders we went for short walk on one of the Guango Lodge trails. There wasn’t much of the day left but we had more luck with Mountain Cacique, Hooded Mountain-Tanager , and rare Dusky Piha and a pair of Torrent Ducks from the bridge. It was a great first day, with wonderful birds!

7 March. The first part of the morning we birded around Guango, fortunately it wasn’t raining, so this easy morning walk gave us Andean Guan, Gray-breasted Mountain-Toucan, Slaty and Pale-naped Brush-Finches, White-banded Tyrannulet, Turquoise Jay, Blue-backed and Capped Conebills, Mountain Wren, Hooded Mountain-Tanager, Blue-and-black Tanager , and by the bridge we got a White-capped Dipper and another Torrent Duck .

Late in the morning we went up to Papallacta Pass, fortunately the weather was all right, and we got great views of Many-striped Canastero, Andean Tit-Spinetail, Blue-mantled Thornbill , the bush-top singer Tawny Antpitta, Grass Wren , plus some other birds that we had seen yesterday. After lunch at the lodge we headed to the EMAAP road behind the hot springs, so this spot provided us a few new bird species like; Scarlet-bellied Mountain-Tanager, White-chinned Thistle-tail, White-throated Tyrannulet, Great Sapphirewing, Buff-winged Starfrontlet, Viridian Metaltail, and Glossy

Tropical Birding www.tropicalbirding.com 2 Flowerpiercer . After that we drove all the way down to Cabañas San Isidro for the night. After dinner, while going back to our cabins there it was! The San Isidro “Mystery Owl” waiting for some insects to come near the light pole. Unfortunately no one still knows what species it really is.

8 March. After our breakfast we birded near the cabins, since they leave the lights on during the night, which attracts some bugs and moths. This place provided some easy views of regular birds that come in to feed: the handsome Inca Jay, Subtropical Cacique, Pale-eyed Thrush , the cute Rufous- crowned Tody-Flycatcher , Cinnamon and Rufous-breasted Flycatchers, Black-billed Peppershrike (sometimes very secretive), Barred Becard, Montane and Olive-backed Woodcreepers, a few cool looking Pearled Treerunners, Masked Trogon, Canada Warbler , and Fawn-breasted Tanager . After this fantastic early show, we went to see the White-bellied Antpitta that the lodge workers feed at 7:30, fortunately we got a great view of it. Once we finished here, we went down what I call the Yanayacu road, which is the road past the San Isidro entrance road. It’s an open wide dirt road making it easy for everyone to get on the birds. Soon we got an Emerald Toucanet , Long-tailed Antbird , and fantastic views of Blackish Tapaculo , that was lucky because normally this family is very difficult to see. Some of the group also spotted a Highland Motmot singing away, and Golden-headed Quetzal didn’t disappoint. Further along the road, we had a huge mixed feeding flock working in front of us, where we were able to find Crimson-mantled Woodpecker, Olivaceous Siskin, Black-eared Hemispingus, Golden-collared Honeycreeper, Black-capped, Beryl-spangled and the handsome Saffron-crowned Tanagers , White-tailed and Sulphur-bellied Tyrannulets, and a Pale-edged Flycatcher . In a cow pasture we spotted the resident Southern Lapwings feeding on the ground. After lunch we went to check the hummingbird feeders where most of then were our old friends now, but the Bronzy Inca was new for the trip. An afternoon trail walk gave us some other species like Long-tailed Tapaculo , Green-and-black Fruiteater , and a migrant Black- and-white Warbler . Then a little flock came with Variegated Bristle-Tyrant and the elusive Bicolored Antvireo which we were very lucky to find. Unfortunately we couldn’t see the Peruvian Antpitta that was singing quietly close to the Macucaloma trail. At dusk we headed toward to Guacamayos ridge to try the night birds, and with more luck we saw Rufous-bellied Nighthawk and Swallow-tailed Nightjar flying above the ridge, and a perched Andean Potoo . It was one of the best birds of the trip, since most of the time it is so hard to find.

9 March. As we followed our itinerary today, we went to the Guacamayos ridge; this narrow ridge with cloudforest can provide some interesting birds, and fortunately we had good weather. This downhill trail brought us colorful species like Grass-green, Blue-and-black, and Flame-faced Tanagers and Lacrimose and Hooded Mountain-Tanagers. We got a great view of a pair of Spillmann’s Tapaculos, as well as the spotty and colorful Ocellated Tapaculo and a Powerful Woodpecker . A little mixed feeding flock gave us Dusky Piha, Streaked Flycatcher, Streaked Tuftedcheeck, Rufous Wren, and a Handsome Flycatcher that came in to our playback. Later we drove all the way down to WildSumaco, stopping in a couple of places, where we picked up the handsome Cliff Flycatcher as well as White lined Tanager and Lafresnaye’s Piculet .

We arrived in time to check the hummer feeders, and these attracted some species such as Gould’s Jewelfront, Golden-tailed Sapphire (check out the photo) , Booted Racket-tail, Violet-headed and Many- spotted Hummingbird . A short walk on the trail behind the lodge got us Montane Foliage-Gleaner, Maroon-tailed Parakeet, Scarlet Tanager, Collared Trogon, Dusky Spinetail, White-winged Becard, Blue-necked Tanager, Gilded Barbet , a Scaled Pigeon calling from a dead tree top, and quite a good view of a Black-mandibled Toucan .

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10 March. We started with some roadside birding, this brought some easy good birds like Blackish Antbird, Crimson-crested Woodpecker, Yellow-cheeked Becard, Grayish Saltator, Chestnut-bellied Seed- Finch, Black-and-white Seedeater, and a flyover Barred Forest-Falcon . Once we reached the FACE trail we managed to see Black-faced Antbird and Plain Antvireo near the beginning . Farther downhill we spotted a small flock with Yellow-breasted and Rufous-winged Antwrens, Coppery- chested Jacamar, and Euler’s and Ornate Flycatchers. Also along the trail there was a White-crowned Manakin lek where we nicely saw them doing their display. On the way back we caught up with another mixed flock with Russet Antshrike, a Gray- mantled Wren creeping around the brush, Slaty-capped Shrike-Vireo, Orange-eared Tanager, and Golden-faced Tyrannulet .

Later in the afternoon after lunch, we birded along the Pacto Sumaco Road, and this easy walk gave us a chance to see some of the birds that we were missing. So we started by seeing the sluggish Striolated Puffbird , followed by a flock of Spot- fronted Swift , which turned out to be the first record for the lodge, which was really neat. Another feeding flock brought some new species: Olivaceous and Rufous-naped Greenlets, Red-headed Barbet, and Blue-browed, Paradise, Spotted and Golden Tanagers (without doubt the most beautiful bird family!), Ash-browed Spinetail, Streaked Xenops, Lined Antshrike, and a Golden-collared Toucanet in a fruiting Cecropia tree. The feeders at the old residential area are always best in the late afternoon, so we headed down there and they were really pumping, with Ecuadorian Piedtail, Napo Sabrewing (photo above) , Green and Gray-chinned Hermits, and Black- throated and Violet-fronted Brilliants .

11 March. After an early breakfast, we went to Piha Trail, and even though it was hard work, we did see some magnificent birds; we got stunning views of Northern White-crowned Tapaculo, Short- tailed Anthrush, Foothill Antwren, a Long-tailed Tyrant flycatching from one spot, and Ecuadorian Tyrannulet . As we went down on the Piha trail we saw an Andean Cock-of-the-rock flying cross the trail, Fulvous Shrike-Tanager, the rare Fiery-throated Fruiteater, Orange-crested Flycatcher, White-breasted Wood-Wren , and heading back to the lodge we saw also Blue-fronted Lancebill. In the afternoon drove to the Papanco Road, and this unknown road turned out to be very good starting with Red-billed Tyrannulet , and Yellow-shouldered Grosbeak seemed to be everywhere, which was kind of odd, because I’d never seen that many in one day. Hairy-crested Antbird came out with our playback, and that was another unexpected species from the area. In a tiny bamboo patch a Large- headed Flatbill started to call and then came out, then we saw Dark-breasted Spinetail , White- backed Fire-eye, Little Woodpecker, Yellow-bellied and Black-faced Dacnises , then topped the superb afternoon off with a stunning view of Blue-naped Chlorophonia . At dusk back near the lodge, we tried for Band-bellied Owl , it was a bit shy but came out anyway.

Tropical Birding www.tropicalbirding.com 4 12 March. We knew this is our last morning at WildSumaco, so we decided to bird a bit along the dirt road toward to main highway. Fortunately we did see some of the species that we were missing in the area, and before leaving the patio we even saw Gorgeted Woodstar, Wire-crested Thorntail, and Chestnut-fronted Macaw . Down the road we had good luck with Coraya Wren, Slate-colored Grosbeak, Swallow Tanager and the rare and cute Rufous-breasted Piculet . After two hours driving, we reached Coca, an old oil town, which is in between the confluence of the Coca and Napo Rivers. We took a break then got in boats, and after two and half hours along this mighty Amazon basin river we arrived at the Napo Wildlife Center dock. After being introduced to our local guide Mariano, we rode in a long dugout canoe up the Añangu creek. This was the real live jungle life, and it was exciting to finally arrive. We started seen some riverside species like Greater Ani, Green, Ringed, and Green and Rufous Kingfishers (most of the time flying in front up us), and beautiful White-chinned and White-eared Jacamars, looking like huge hummers, catching bags from the same perch. A lovely and noisy Lesser Kiskadee sat on a bare branch while Snail and Slender-billed Kites hunted for snails nearby. This well-located lodge run by the local indigenous Quichua community gave us a welcome to their home, which also would be our home for next three nights. Once we dropped our stuff in our room, we did a little birding around the lodge, as we picked up a nice perched Greater Yellow-headed Vulture , and Neotropical Palm-Swifts and Short-tailed Swifts were gliding nearby. We saw also a couple of migrant species, Fork-tailed Flycatcher and Eastern Kingbird , and of course we enjoyed the prehistoric Hoatzin , one of the only leaf-eating birds, nesting very close to the water’s edge and feeding on the Anthuriun and Philodendron plants. That was pretty good way to finish a pretty long travel day.

Napo Wildlife Center

13 March 13. We had an early breakfast and walked to the wooden canopy tower, which is just about 40 meters above the ground. Actually, the platform is built just below the treetop, so this high elevation view gave us a chance to search for some canopy species that you won’t see from the ground. Before getting their we had great views of a Black-banded Woodcreeper , that came in to our call. Once we arrived at the tower and climbed the stairs, there were birds waiting for us, despite light rain, which

Tropical Birding www.tropicalbirding.com 5 didn’t chase us away. From this high perch, we saw the Many- banded Aracari, Ivory-billed Aracari (photo right), Channel- billed and White-throated Toucans vocalizing from the treetops, Black-faced Dacnis, ornamental Black-headed Parrots, loud Mealy and Yellow- crowned Parrots , the cute and almost tailless Pygmy Antwren, Dusky-chested Flycatcher, Purple-throated Fruitcrow, Red- throated Caracara , and Slate- colored Hawk . Returning to the lodge, the trail provided some understory species like Plain- throated, White-flanked, and Gray Antwrens, Striated Anthrush, Buff-throated and Straight-billed Woodcreepers, and a Capped Heron by the lake. After lunch we birded along the Añangu creek, which was quite productive. Just getting to the creek, we saw the very shy (at least in my experience) Azure Gallinule showing nicely for all of us. Also the creek itself brought us more river edge specialties like Silvered, Plumbeous, and White-shouldered Antbirds, White-bearded and Rufous-breasted Hermits, and Chestnut-bellied and Blue-and-yellow Macaws gathering together for the night. Mariano knew where to find a roosting Great Potoo , then we continued with Cinnamon Attila, Limpkin, and Little Cuckoo. This creek is great for one particularly shy and elusive species, I’m talking about the Zigzag Heron , and it came curiously to our call. Before going back, we ended up with nice views of Blackish Nightjar , which seems to be resident here, which is kind of odd, because usually in Ecuador it occurs mainly in the foothills. It was a great day, not huge numbers but fantastic birds.

14 March. On our second full day at Napo Wildlife Center, we tried the Tiputini trail. This long trail has both varzea forest and terra firme, we went deep into the jungle for most of the day. Just getting into the jungle, I heard a high whistle, a Lanceolated Monklet was singing. It took a long time to find it and we almost gave up, but I knew this species is much coveted by a lot of birders, so it was worth the time. We finally started along the trail, and soon a small feeding flock brought us Cinereous, Dusky-throated, and Spot-winged Antshrikes, Chestnut-winged Hookbill, Long-winged Antwren, and Fulvous-crested Tanager . Also along the trail we got great views of a Rusty-belted Tapaculo , which everyone was happy about. It was quiet for a while then we got lucky and saw a Lunulated Antbird, followed by the more common Spot-winged Antbird as well. After a while, Mariano got us another roosting bird, this time was even better, Long-tailed Potoo (photo left). On the way back, Blue-crowned Motmot, White-necked Thrush, and Green-backed, Violaceous, and Black-throated Trogons showed themselves, and we tracked down a Great Jacamar that was calling like a baby cat. It was a fun walk, and we even saw Jaguar footprints.

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15 March. After an early breakfast we went down the creek, heading for the parrot clay licks on our last morning at Napo Wildlife Center. On the way there we saw some a pair of Dot-backed Antbirds, a Blue-black Grosbeak , and even another Zigzag Heron , which was pretty nice. The first clay lick had lots of Blue-headed, Yellow-crowned, and Mealy Parrots and Dusky-throated Parakeet , which were all together consuming the minerals that the cliff contains. We did a little birding along the Napo River, which I think was quite productive, as we saw Drab Water- Tyrant , Pied Plover, Cocoi Heron standing near shore, a sleeping Ladder-tailed Nightjar on one of the cane branches. On the way to second clay lick, we also saw some spectacular birds, including nesting White-chested Puffbird and Sapphire Quail-Dove (photo above) just by the path and a Rufous-capped Anthrush . At the “pericos” clay lick there were hundreds and hundreds of Cobalt-winged Parakeets and Scarlet-shouldered Parrotlets, as well as at least one cute Orange-cheeked Parrot . Also in the area we saw Great Black-Hawk , who was perched above the blind chasing the smaller birds. The up and down going trail just behind the hide gave us some interesting species, Scarlet Macaw, Brown Nunlet, Mouse- colored Antshrike, and Blue-crowned, Golden-headed and handsome Striped Manakins. After lunch, we went to try the Chestnut-headed Crake , and we had the most stunning views I’ve ever had in my life when a pair of them came to check us out. A great way to finish our visit to Napo Wildlife Center. We arrived at the Sacha Lodge dock late in the afternoon, and on the walk to the lake, we saw Black-fronted Nunbird, Elegant Woodcreeper, and a roosting Great Potoo along the boardwalk. As it was getting dark, we saw a couple new nightbirds for the trip, Common Pauraque and Common Potoo .

16 March. Staying at Sacha Lodge is always enjoyable; such great food, friendly people, nice accommodation, and it’s a fantastic place for birding. First on the schedule, we went to visit the canopy walkway, which is located half an hour walk from the lodge, and this 45 meter metal bridge with towers gives you good chances to see a lot of bird species. Before getting there, along the trail we found Sooty and Warbling Antbirds. After climbing the stairs, a little canopy mixed feeding flock showed up with Rufous-bellied Euphonia, Green-and-gold, Flame-crested, and Paradise Tanagers, Slender- footed Tyrannulet , land the tiny Short-billed Antwren . Nearby we spotted White-browed Purpletuft and Spangled and Plum-throated Cotingas on the tree tops. Scanning the treetops around the tower, we saw some other species that we had seen before, such as toucans and aracaris, but luckily we also spotted other new species for the trip, Purple and Red-legged Honeycreepers, Pink-throated Becard, a displaying Moriche Oriole, and a Black-tailed Trogon sitting under the subcanopy. Before leaving the canopy walkway, a Cinnamon-throated Woodcreeper and the lovely Purplish Jacamar showed nicely for us. Hang on, I forgot to mention the Black Hawk-Eagle , who was sitting and drying itself out on a dead tree top. On the way back to lodge along the trail, there was the melodic singer Musician Wren who came out and sat for a while, a friendly Black-faced Anthrush that walked across the trail a couple times giving us decent views, and the cute Wire-tailed Manakin gave us a hard time trying to find him, but we did as you can see from the photo on the next page. Late in the afternoon, after lunch, we headed to the wooden tower. Here there is a platform on a ceiba or kapok tree, which is just above 40 meters high. But first of all we did some birding at the Orquideas creek, which provided us with Orange-throated Manakin and a Tawny-bellied Screech Owl , who was sleeping in hole in a tree. Once we were on the tower, it was kind of slow, which is normal for the afternoon, but we saw some good ones like Chestnut Woodpecker, local Yellow-browed Tody-Flycatcher, Opal-rumped

Tropical Birding www.tropicalbirding.com 7 and Turquoise Tanagers, Green Honeycreeper, and a Purple-throated Fruitcrow feeding near the tower. Just before bailing out because of a storm, someone asked what was the black bird with a crest, and without doubt it was a lovely Amazonian Umbrellabird . Unfortunately we couldn’t stay any longer on the tower saw we headed back to lodge, to enjoy our dinner and make a plan for the next day.

17 March. As today was our last full day in the area, and most of the participants were kind of tired, we tried for some easier birding, so we went to the river and did some birding from the boat and stopped at a river island. We got serious rain almost all day, which made it tough. Before it started, along the boardwalk we spotted some birds like Blue-crowned Motmot , Slender-billed Kite sitting on the hand railing, and Gray-fronted Dove . Once we were on the river, the heavy rain chased us back to dock, to be under the shelter, but along the shore we saw Collared and Pied Plovers, Yellow-billed Tern, Greater Yellowlegs , and before the rain, on the island, we saw Oriole Blackbird and White-bellied Spinetail. In the afternoon with light rain we headed to different island up the river from the dock, which fortunately brought us the beautiful Rufous-headed Woodpecker , which came to my playback, and the same island had Castelnau’s Antshrike , and a pair of them circled us. Birding by the dock we were able to see Solitary Cacique and Lemon-throated and Scarlet-crowned Barbets, feeding on a fruiting tree after the rain. On the way back to lodge by the lake, there were a group of Rufous-sided Crakes on both sides of the creek and a Red-capped Cardinal worked near the water. Just when I thought we were going to miss the bright and handsome Cream-colored Woodpecker, one flew in and landed in a fresh water mangrove tree. Anyway it wasn’t a bad day at all, even with the rain.

March 18. We knew today was our last day in the Amazon, and it was kind of sad to leave, but such is the birding life, you have to move around. We tried to do some birding before leaving Sacha, so we started a bit early and we birded along the boardwalk. The first to come out was Ferruginous Pygmy- Owl, Speckled Chachalaca, Orange-fronted Plushcrown, Long-billed Woodcreeper , and the noisy Violaceous Jay , not a bad goodbye from Sacha. Once we started up river in the boat, toward Coca City, we spotted a few more birds that we were looking for, such as a Black Caracara flying in front of us, and much further up I spotted a Bat Falcon resting on a dead snag, and there were Swallow-wing Puffbirds flying out from the same branch. The last two new species of the trip were Amazon Kingfisher and a Yellow-headed Caracara that we saw just before arriving back in Coca. As I said even with some rain and some slow birding on some of the days, we saw a bunch of good birds. Thanks to all of the participants, for their patience and friendship, and for coming with us. We flew back to Quito and ended up our trip with a nice celebratory dinner.

Tropical Birding www.tropicalbirding.com 8 BIRD LIST This list includes all the bird species that were recorded by at least one of the group, including the leader. Taxonomy and nomenclature follow: Clements, James F. The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World. Sixth Edition, 2007, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, including all updates through December 2009. H=heard only.

Our total tally of the trip was 534 species seen and at least 70 species only heard .

TINAMOUS TINAMIDAE Great Tinamou Tinamus major H Cinereous Tinamou Crypturellus cinereus H Little Tinamou Crypturellus soui H Undulated Tinamou Crypturellus undulatus H Variegated Tinamou Crypturellus variegatus H DUCKS, GEESE, AND SWANS ANATIDAE Torrent Duck Merganetta armata Blue-winged Teal Anas discors Yellow-billed Pintail Anas georgica Andean Teal Anas flavirostris andium (Andean) Ruddy Duck Oxyura jamaicensis andina GUANS, CHACHALACAS, CURASSOWS CRACIDAE Speckled Chachalaca Ortalis guttata Andean Guan Penelope montagnii Spix's Guan Penelope jacquacu H Wattled Guan Aburria aburri H Sickle-winged Guan Chamaepetes goudotii NEW WORLD QUAIL ODONTOPHORIDAE Marbled Wood-Quail Odontophorus gujanensis H Rufous-breasted Wood-Quail Odontophorus speciosus H GREBES PODICIPEDIDAE Silvery Grebe Podiceps occipitalis CORMORANTS AND SHAGS PHALACROCORACIDAE Neotropic Cormorant Phalacrocorax brasilianus ANHINGAS ANHINGIDAE Anhinga Anhinga anhinga HERONS, EGRETS, AND BITTERNS ARDEIDAE Capped Heron Pilherodius pileatus Cocoi Heron Ardea cocoi Great Egret Ardea alba Snowy Egret Egretta thula Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis Striated Heron Butorides striata Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax Boat-billed Heron Cochlearius cochlearius Rufescent Tiger-Heron Tigrisoma lineatum Zigzag Heron Zebrilus undulatus IBIS AND SPOONBILLS THRESKIORNITHIDAE Black-faced (Andean) Ibis Theristicus melanopis branickii NEW WORLD VULTURES CATHARTIDAE Black Vulture Coragyps atratus Turkey Vulture Cathartes aura Greater Yellow-headed Vulture Cathartes melambrotus

Tropical Birding www.tropicalbirding.com 9 Andean Condor Vultur gryphus King Vulture Sarcoramphus papa HAWKS, EAGLES, AND KITES ACCIPITRIDAE Gray-headed Kite Leptodon cayanensis Swallow-tailed Kite Elanoides forficatus Snail Kite Rostrhamus sociabilis Slender-billed Kite Helicolestes hamatus Double-toothed Kite Harpagus bidentatus Plumbeous Kite Ictinia plumbea Sharp-shinned (Plain-breasted) Hawk Accipiter striatus ventralis Crane Hawk Geranospiza caerulescens Slate-colored Hawk Leucopternis schistaceus Barred Hawk Leucopternis princeps H Great Black-Hawk Buteogallus urubitinga Black-chested Buzzard-Eagle Geranoaetus melanoleucus Roadside Hawk Buteo magnirostris Variable Hawk Buteo polyosoma Black Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus tyrannus FALCONS AND CARACARAS FALCONIDAE Black Caracara Daptrius ater Red-throated Caracara Ibycter americanus Carunculated Caracara Phalcoboenus carunculatus Yellow-headed Caracara Milvago chimachima Laughing Falcon Herpetotheres cachinnans Barred Forest-Falcon Micrastur ruficollis American Kestrel Falco sparverius Aplomado Falcon Falco femoralis Bat Falcon Falco rufigularis RAILS, GALLINULES, AND COOTS RALLIDAE Chestnut-headed Crake Anurolimnas castaneiceps Black-banded Crake Anurolimnas fasciatus H Rufous-sided Crake Laterallus melanophaius Azure Gallinule Porphyrio flavirostris Slate-colored (Andean) Coot Fulica ardesiaca LIMPKIN ARAMIDAE Limpkin Aramus guarauna PLOVERS AND LAPWINGS CHARADRIIDAE Pied Lapwing (Pied Plover) Vanellus cayanus Southern Lapwing Vanellus chilensis Andean Lapwing Vanellus resplendens Collared Plover Charadrius collaris SANDPIPERS SCOLOPACIDAE Spotted Sandpiper Actitis macularius Greater Yellowlegs Tringa melanoleuca Least Sandpiper Calidris minutilla Baird's Sandpiper Calidris bairdii GULLS LARINAE Andean Gull Chroicocephalus serranus TERNS STERNINAE Yellow-billed Tern Sternula superciliaris PIGEONS AND DOVES COLUMBIDAE Rock Pigeon Columba livia Scaled Pigeon Patagioenas speciosa

Tropical Birding www.tropicalbirding.com 10 Band-tailed Pigeon Patagioenas fasciata Pale-vented Pigeon Patagioenas cayennensis Plumbeous Pigeon Patagioenas plumbea Ruddy Pigeon Patagioenas subvinacea Eared Dove Zenaida auriculata Ruddy Ground-Dove Columbina talpacoti Black-winged Ground-Dove Metriopelia melanoptera Gray-fronted Dove Leptotila rufaxilla Sapphire Quail-Dove Geotrygon saphirina saphirina White-throated Quail-Dove Geotrygon frenata H Ruddy Quail-Dove Geotrygon montana PARROTS PSITTACIDAE Maroon-tailed Parakeet Pyrrhura melanura White-eyed Parakeet Aratinga leucophthalma Dusky-headed Parakeet Aratinga weddellii Chestnut-fronted Macaw Ara severus Military Macaw Ara militaris H Scarlet Macaw Ara macao Blue-and-yellow Macaw Ara ararauna Red-bellied Macaw Orthopsittaca manilata Cobalt-winged Parakeet Brotogeris cyanoptera Scarlet-shouldered Parrotlet Touit huetii Black-headed Parrot Pionites melanocephalus Orange-cheeked Parrot Pyrilia barrabandi Blue-headed Parrot Pionus menstruus Red-billed Parrot Pionus sordidus Orange-winged Parrot Amazona amazonica Mealy Parrot (Amazon) Amazona farinosa Yellow-crowned Parrot (Amazon) Amazona ochrocephala HOATZIN OPISTHOCOMIDAE Hoatzin Opisthocomus hoazin CUCKOOS CUCULIDAE Little Cuckoo Coccycua minuta Squirrel Cuckoo Piaya cayana Black-bellied Cuckoo Piaya melanogaster Greater Ani Crotophaga major Smooth-billed Ani Crotophaga ani OWLS STRIGIDAE Tropical Screech-Owl Megascops choliba H Rufescent Screech-Owl Megascops (i.) ingens H Tawny-bellied Screech-Owl Megascops watsonii White-throated Screech-Owl Megascops albogularis H Band-bellied Owl Pulsatrix melanota Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl Glaucidium brasilianum "San Isidro" Owl Ciccaba sp. Rufous-banded Owl Ciccaba albitarsis H NIGHTJARS CAPRIMULGIDAE Rufous-bellied Nighthawk Lurocalis rufiventris Common Pauraque Nyctidromus albicollis Blackish Nightjar Caprimulgus nigrescens Ladder-tailed Nightjar Hydropsalis climacocerca Swallow-tailed Nightjar Uropsalis segmentata POTOOS NYCTIBIIDAE

Tropical Birding www.tropicalbirding.com 11 Great Potoo Nyctibius grandis Long-tailed Potoo Nyctibius aethereus Common Potoo Nyctibius griseus Andean Potoo Nyctibius maculosus SWIFTS APODIDAE Spot-fronted Swift Cypseloides cherriei Chestnut-collared Swift Streptoprocne rutila White-collared Swift Streptoprocne zonaris Short-tailed Swift Chaetura brachyura Gray-rumped Swift Chaetura cinereiventris Lesser Swallow-tailed Swift Panyptila cayennensis Fork-tailed Palm-Swift Tachornis squamata HUMMINGBIRDS TROCHILIDAE Rufous-breasted Hermit Glaucis hirsutus White-bearded Hermit Phaethornis hispidus Green Hermit Phaethornis guy Tawny-bellied Hermit Phaethornis syrmatophorus Straight-billed Hermit Phaethornis bourcieri Great-billed Hermit Phaethornis malaris Black-throated Hermit Phaethornis atrimentalis Gray-chinned Hermit Phaethornis griseogularis Green-fronted Lancebill Doryfera ludovicae Blue-fronted Lancebill Doryfera johannae Gray-breasted Sabrewing Campylopterus largipennis Napo Sabrewing Campylopterus villaviscensio White-necked Jacobin Florisuga mellivora Green Violetear Colibri thalassinus Sparkling Violetear Colibri coruscans Violet-headed Hummingbird Klais guimeti Wire-crested Thorntail Discosura popelairii Fork-tailed Woodnymph Thalurania furcata Golden-tailed Sapphire Chrysuronia oenone Many-spotted Hummingbird Taphrospilus hypostictus Speckled Hummingbird Adelomyia melanogenys Ecuadorian Piedtail Phlogophilus hemileucurus Black-throated Brilliant Heliodoxa schreibersii Gould's Jewelfront Heliodoxa aurescens Fawn-breasted Brilliant Heliodoxa rubinoides Buff-tailed Coronet Boissonneaua flavescens Chestnut-breasted Coronet Boissonneaua matthewsii Shining Sunbeam Aglaeactis cupripennis Ecuadorian Hillstar Oreotrochilus chimborazo Bronzy Inca Coeligena coeligena Collared Inca Coeligena torquata Buff-winged Starfrontlet Coeligena lutetiae Great Sapphirewing Pterophanes cyanopterus Giant Hummingbird Patagona gigas Tourmaline Sunangel Heliangelus exortis Booted Racket-tail Ocreatus underwoodii Black-tailed Trainbearer Lesbia victoriae Tyrian Metaltail Metallura tyrianthina Viridian Metaltail Metallura williami Blue-mantled Thornbill Chalcostigma stanleyi

Tropical Birding www.tropicalbirding.com 12 Long-tailed Sylph Aglaiocercus kingi White-bellied Woodstar Chaetocercus mulsant Gorgeted Woodstar Chaetocercus heliodor TROGONS TROGONIDAE Golden-headed Quetzal Pharomachrus auriceps Black-tailed Trogon Trogon melanurus eumorphus Green-backed (Amaz. White-tailed) Trogon Trogon viridis viridis (Amazonian) Violaceous Trogon Trogon violaceus crissalis Blue-crowned Trogon Trogon curucui Black-throated Trogon Trogon rufus Collared Trogon Trogon collaris Masked Trogon Trogon personatus MOTMOTS MOMOTIDAE Blue-crowned Motmot Momotus momota microstephanus Blue-crowned (Highland) Motmot Momotus momota aequatorialis Rufous Motmot Baryphthengus martii H KINGFISHERS ALCEDINIDAE Ringed Kingfisher Megaceryle torquatus Amazon Kingfisher Chloroceryle amazona Green Kingfisher Chloroceryle americana Green-and-rufous Kingfisher Chloroceryle inda American Pygmy Kingfisher Chloroceryle aenea PUFFBIRDS BUCCONIDAE White-necked Puffbird Notharchus hyperrynchus H Striolated Puffbird Nystalus striolatus White-chested Puffbird Malacoptila fusca Lanceolated Monklet Micromonacha lanceolata Brown Nunlet Nonnula brunnea Black-fronted Nunbird Monasa nigrifrons White-fronted Nunbird Monasa morphoeus Swallow-winged Puffbird Chelidoptera tenebrosa JACAMARS GALBULIDAE White-eared Jacamar Galbalcyrhynchus leucotis White-chinned Jacamar Galbula tombacea Coppery-chested Jacamar Galbula pastazae Purplish Jacamar Galbula chalcothorax Great Jacamar Jacamerops aureus NEW WORLD BARBETS CAPITONIDAE Scarlet-crowned Barbet Capito aurovirens Gilded Barbet Capito auratus Lemon-throated Barbet Eubucco richardsoni Red-headed Barbet Eubucco bourcierii TOUCANS RAMPHASTIDAE Emerald Toucanet Aulacorhynchus prasinus Gray-breasted Mountain-Toucan Andigena hypoglauca Black-billed Mountain-Toucan Andigena nigrirostris H Ivory-billed Aracari Pteroglossus azara Many-banded Aracari Pteroglossus pluricinctus Golden-collared Toucanet Selenidera reinwardtii Black-mandibled Toucan Ramphastos ambiguus White-throated Toucan Ramphastos tucanus Channel-billed Toucan Ramphastos vitellinus WOODPECKERS PICIDAE

Tropical Birding www.tropicalbirding.com 13 Lafresnaye's Piculet Picumnus lafresnayi Rufous-breasted Piculet Picumnus rufiventris Yellow-tufted Woodpecker Melanerpes cruentatus Smoky-brown Woodpecker Picoides fumigatus H Little Woodpecker Veniliornis passerinus Red-stained Woodpecker Veniliornis affinis H Golden-olive Woodpecker Colaptes rubiginosus Crimson-mantled Woodpecker Colaptes rivolii Spot-breasted Woodpecker Colaptes punctigula Chestnut Woodpecker Celeus elegans Cream-colored Woodpecker Celeus flavus Rufous-headed Woodpecker Celeus spectabilis Ringed Woodpecker Celeus torquatus H Lineated Woodpecker Dryocopus lineatus Powerful Woodpecker Campephilus pollens Red-necked Woodpecker Campephilus rubricollis H Crimson-crested Woodpecker Campephilus melanoleucos OVENBIRDS FURNARIIDAE Tawny-throated Leaftosser Sclerurus mexicanus H Short-billed Leaftosser Sclerurus rufigularis H Black-tailed Leaftosser Sclerurus caudacutus H Stout-billed Cinclodes Cinclodes excelsior Bar-winged Cinclodes Cinclodes fuscus Andean Tit-Spinetail Leptasthenura andicola White-chinned Thistletail Schizoeaca fuliginosa Azara's Spinetail Synallaxis azarae Dark-breasted Spinetail Synallaxis albigularis Rufous Spinetail Synallaxis unirufa H White-bellied Spinetail Synallaxis propinqua Dusky Spinetail Synallaxis moesta Ash-browed Spinetail Cranioleuca curtata Streak-backed Canastero Asthenes wyatti Many-striped Canastero Asthenes flammulata Orange-fronted Plushcrown Metopothrix aurantiaca Spotted Barbtail Premnoplex brunnescens Pearled Treerunner Margarornis squamiger Streaked Tuftedcheek Pseudocolaptes boissonneautii Montane Foliage-gleaner Anabacerthia striaticollis Lineated Foliage-gleaner Syndactyla subalaris Chestnut-winged Hookbill Ancistrops strigilatus Chestnut-winged Foliage-gleaner Philydor erythropterum Black-billed Treehunter Thripadectes melanorhynchus H Striped Treehunter Thripadectes holostictus H Olive-backed Foliage-gleaner Automolus infuscatus Streaked Xenops Xenops rutilans WOODCREEPERS FURNARIIDAE/DENDROCOLAPTINAE Olivaceous Woodcreeper Sittasomus griseicapillus amazonus Wedge-billed Woodcreeper Glyphorynchus spirurus Long-billed Woodcreeper Nasica longirostris Cinnamon-throated Woodcreeper Dendrexetastes rufigula Strong-billed Woodcreeper Xiphocolaptes promeropirhynchus Black-banded Woodcreeper Dendrocolaptes picumnus Straight-billed Woodcreeper Dendroplex picus

Tropical Birding www.tropicalbirding.com 14 Elegant (Spix's) Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus (spixii) elegans Buff-throated Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus guttatus guttatoides Olive-backed Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus triangularis Montane Woodcreeper Lepidocolaptes lacrymiger TYPICAL ANTBIRDS THAMNOPHILIDAE Fasciated Antshrike Cymbilaimus lineatus H Lined Antshrike Thamnophilus tenuepunctatus Plain-winged Antshrike Thamnophilus schistaceus H Mouse-colored Antshrike Thamnophilus murinus Castelnau's Antshrike Thamnophilus cryptoleucus Russet Antshrike Thamnistes anabatinus Plain Antvireo Dysithamnus mentalis Bicolored Antvireo Dysithamnus occidentalis Dusky-throated Antshrike Thamnomanes ardesiacus Cinereous Antshrike Thamnomanes caesius Spot-winged Antshrike Pygiptila stellaris Foothill Antwren Epinecrophylla spodionota Ornate Antwren Epinecrophylla ornata H Pygmy Antwren Myrmotherula brachyura Moustached (Short-billed) Antwren Myrmotherula (obscura) ignota Stripe-chested Antwren Myrmotherula longicauda H Plain-throated Antwren Myrmotherula hauxwelli White-flanked Antwren Myrmotherula axillaris Long-winged Antwren Myrmotherula longipennis Gray Antwren Myrmotherula menetriesii Banded Antbird Dichrozona cincta H Yellow-breasted Antwren Herpsilochmus axillaris Rufous-winged Antwren Herpsilochmus rufimarginatus Long-tailed Antbird Drymophila caudata Rufous-rumped Antwren Terenura callinota Gray Antbird Cercomacra cinerascens H Blackish Antbird (lowlands) Cercomacra nigrescens fuscicauda H Blackish Antbird (foothills) Cercomacra nigrescens aequatorialis White-backed Fire-eye Pyriglena leuconota Black-faced Antbird Myrmoborus myotherinus Peruvian Warbling-Antbird Hypocnemis (cantator) peruviana Yellow-browed Antbird Hypocnemis hypoxantha Silvered Antbird Sclateria naevia Spot-winged Antbird Schistocichla leucostigma White-shouldered Antbird Myrmeciza melanoceps Plumbeous Antbird Myrmeciza hyperythra Sooty Antbird Myrmeciza fortis White-plumed Antbird Pithys albifrons H Bicolored Antbird Gymnopithys leucaspis H Lunulated Antbird Gymnopithys lunulatus Hairy-crested Antbird Rhegmatorhina melanosticta Spot-backed Antbird Hylophylax naevius H Dot-backed Antbird Hylophylax punctulatus Scale-backed Antbird Willisornis poecilinotus H Black-spotted Bare-eye Phlegopsis nigromaculata H ANTTHRUSHES FORMICARIIDAE Rufous-capped Antthrush Formicarius colma Black-faced Antthrush Formicarius analis

Tropical Birding www.tropicalbirding.com 15 Rufous-breasted Antthrush Formicarius rufipectus H Short-tailed Antthrush Chamaeza campanisona Striated Antthrush Chamaeza nobilis Barred Antthrush Chamaeza mollissima H ANTPITTAS GRALLARIIDAE Moustached Antpitta Grallaria alleni H Plain-backed Antpitta Grallaria haplonota H Ochre-striped Antpitta Grallaria dignissima H Chestnut-crowned Antpitta Grallaria ruficapilla H Chestnut-naped Antpitta Grallaria nuchalis H White-bellied Antpitta Grallaria hypoleuca Rufous Antpitta Grallaria rufula Tawny Antpitta Grallaria quitensis Thrush-like Antpitta Myrmothera campanisona H Peruvian Antpitta Grallaricula peruviana H GNATEATERS CONOPOPHAGIDAE Chestnut-crowned Gnateater Conopophaga castaneiceps TAPACULOS RHINOCRYPTIDAE Rusty-belted Tapaculo Liosceles thoracicus Blackish (Unicolored) Tapaculo Scytalopus (unicolor) latrans Long-tailed (Eq. Rufous-vented) Tapaculo Scytalopus micropterus (Northern) White-crowned Tapaculo Scytalopus atratus Spillmann's Tapaculo Scytalopus spillmanni Ocellated Tapaculo Acropternis orthonyx TYRANT FLYCATCHERS TYRANNIDAE White-lored Tyrannulet Ornithion inerme White-tailed Tyrannulet Mecocerculus poecilocercus White-banded Tyrannulet Mecocerculus stictopterus White-throated Tyrannulet Mecocerculus leucophrys Sulphur-bellied Tyrannulet Mecocerculus minor Tufted Tit-Tyrant Anairetes parulus Yellow Tyrannulet Capsiempis flaveola H Yellow-crowned Elaenia Myiopagis flavivertex H White-crested Elaenia Elaenia albiceps Torrent Tyrannulet Serpophaga cinerea Streak-necked Flycatcher Mionectes striaticollis Olive-striped Flycatcher Mionectes olivaceus Ochre-bellied Flycatcher Mionectes oleagineus Slaty-capped Flycatcher Leptopogon superciliaris Rufous-breasted Flycatcher Leptopogon rufipectus Variegated Bristle-Tyrant Pogonotriccus poecilotis Marble-faced Bristle-Tyrant Pogonotriccus ophthalmicus H Ecuadorian Tyrannulet Phylloscartes gualaquizae Sooty-headed Tyrannulet Phyllomyias griseiceps Ashy-headed Tyrannulet Phyllomyias cinereiceps H Tawny-rumped Tyrannulet Phyllomyias uropygialis H Plumbeous-crowned Tyrannulet Phyllomyias plumbeiceps Red-billed Tyrannulet Zimmerius cinereicapilla Slender-footed Tyrannulet Zimmerius gracilipes Golden-faced Tyrannulet Zimmerius chrysops chrysops Ornate Flycatcher Myiotriccus ornatus Rufous-headed Pygmy-Tyrant Pseudotriccus ruficeps H Scale-crested Pygmy-Tyrant Lophotriccus pileatus

Tropical Birding www.tropicalbirding.com 16 Double-banded Pygmy-Tyrant Lophotriccus vitiosus H White-eyed Tody-Tyrant Hemitriccus zosterops Buff-throated Tody-Tyrant Hemitriccus rufigularis H Rufous-crowned Tody-Flycatcher Poecilotriccus ruficeps Common Tody-Flycatcher Todirostrum cinereum Yellow-browed Tody-Flycatcher Todirostrum chrysocrotaphum Yellow-margined Flycatcher (Zimmer's Flatbill) Tolmomyias assimilis obscuriceps Yellow-breasted Flycatcher (Olive-faced Flatbill) Tolmomyias flaviventris H Cinnamon Flycatcher Pyrrhomyias cinnamomeus Cliff Flycatcher Hirundinea ferruginea Flavescent Flycatcher Myiophobus flavicans Orange-crested Flycatcher Myiophobus phoenicomitra Handsome Flycatcher Myiophobus pulcher Olive-chested Flycatcher Myiophobus cryptoxanthus Euler's Flycatcher Lathrotriccus euleri Olive-sided Flycatcher Contopus cooperi Smoke-colored Pewee Contopus fumigatus Western Wood-Pewee Contopus sordidulus Eastern Wood-Pewee Contopus virens Black Phoebe Sayornis nigricans H Drab Water Tyrant Ochthornis littoralis Plain-capped (Páramo) Ground-Tyrant Muscisaxicola alpinus Red-rumped Bush-Tyrant Cnemarchus erythropygius Yellow-bellied Chat-Tyrant Ochthoeca diadema H Rufous-breasted Chat-Tyrant Ochthoeca rufipectoralis Brown-backed Chat-Tyrant Ochthoeca fumicolor Long-tailed Tyrant Colonia colonus Large-headed Flatbill Ramphotrigon megacephalum Cinnamon Attila Attila cinnamomeus Citron-bellied Attila Attila citriniventris H Bright-rumped Attila Attila spadiceus H Grayish Mourner Rhytipterna simplex Dusky-capped Flycatcher Myiarchus tuberculifer Short-crested Flycatcher Myiarchus ferox Pale-edged Flycatcher Myiarchus cephalotes Lesser Kiskadee Pitangus lictor Great Kiskadee Pitangus sulphuratus Boat-billed Flycatcher Megarynchus pitangua Social Flycatcher Myiozetetes similis Gray-capped Flycatcher Myiozetetes granadensis Dusky-chested Flycatcher Myiozetetes luteiventris Lemon-browed Flycatcher Conopias cinchoneti Golden-crowned Flycatcher Myiodynastes chrysocephalus Streaked Flycatcher Myiodynastes maculatus Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher Myiodynastes luteiventris Piratic Flycatcher Legatus leucophaius Variegated Flycatcher Empidonomus varius Tropical Kingbird Tyrannus melancholicus Eastern Kingbird Tyrannus tyrannus Fork-tailed Flycatcher Tyrannus savana COTINGAS COTINGIDAE Green-and-black Fruiteater Pipreola riefferii Fiery-throated Fruiteater Pipreola chlorolepidota

Tropical Birding www.tropicalbirding.com 17 Red-crested Cotinga Ampelion rubrocristatus Andean Cock-of-the-rock Rupicola peruvianus Purple-throated Fruitcrow Querula purpurata Amazonian Umbrellabird Cephalopterus ornatus Plum-throated Cotinga Cotinga maynana Spangled Cotinga Cotinga cayana Dusky Piha Lipaugus fuscocinereus Screaming Piha Lipaugus vociferans Purple-throated Cotinga Porphyrolaema porphyrolaema Bare-necked Fruitcrow Gymnoderus foetidus MANAKINS PIPRIDAE Dwarf Tyrant-Manakin Tyranneutes stolzmanni Striped Manakin Machaeropterus regulus Blue-crowned Manakin Lepidothrix coronata Blue-rumped Manakin Lepidothrix isidorei Blue-backed Manakin Chiroxiphia pareola H Orange-crowned (Orange-crested) Manakin Heterocercus aurantiivertex White-crowned Manakin Pipra pipra Wire-tailed Manakin Pipra filicauda Golden-headed Manakin Pipra erythrocephala Wing-barred Piprites Piprites chloris TITYRAS AND ALLIES TITYRIDAE Black-tailed Tityra Tityra cayana Black-crowned Tityra Tityra inquisitor Masked Tityra Tityra semifasciata White-browed Purpletuft Iodopleura isabellae Green-backed (Yellow-cheeked) Becard Pachyramphus viridis xanthogenys Barred Becard Pachyramphus versicolor White-winged Becard Pachyramphus polychopterus nigriventris Black-capped Becard Pachyramphus marginatus Pink-throated Becard Pachyramphus minor VIREOS Pachyramphus validus Brown-capped Vireo Vireo leucophrys Red-eyed Vireo Vireo olivaceus Yellow-green Vireo Vireo flavoviridis Rufous-naped Greenlet Hylophilus semibrunneus Olivaceous Greenlet Hylophilus olivaceus Tawny-crowned Greenlet Hylophilus ochraceiceps Slaty-capped Shrike-Vireo Vireolanius leucotis Black-billed Peppershrike Cyclarhis nigrirostris CROWS JAYS AND MAGPIES CORVIDAE Green (Inca) Jay Cyanocorax yncas yncas Violaceous Jay Cyanocorax violaceus Turquoise Jay Cyanolyca turcosa SWALLOWS HIRUNDINIDAE Blue-and-white Swallow Pygochelidon cyanoleuca Brown-bellied Swallow Orochelidon murina White-thighed Swallow Atticora tibialis White-banded Swallow Atticora fasciata Southern Rough-winged Swallow Stelgidopteryx ruficollis Gray-breasted Martin Progne chalybea Brown-chested Martin Progne tapera White-winged Swallow Tachycineta albiventer

Tropical Birding www.tropicalbirding.com 18 Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica WRENS TROGLODYTIDAE Thrush-like Wren Campylorhynchus turdinus Gray-mantled Wren Odontorchilus branickii Rufous Wren Cinnycerthia unirufa Sharpe's (Sepia-brown) Wren Cinnycerthia olivascens Plain-tailed Wren Thryothorus euophrys H Coraya Wren Thryothorus coraya House Wren Troglodytes aedon Mountain Wren Troglodytes solstitialis Sedge (Grass) Wren Cistothorus platensis aequatorialis White-breasted Wood-Wren Henicorhina leucosticta Gray-breasted Wood-Wren Henicorhina leucophrys Scaly-breasted (Southern Nightingale) Wren Microcerculus marginatus H Wing-banded Wren Microcerculus bambla Musician Wren Cyphorhinus arada DIPPERS CINCLIDAE White-capped Dipper Cinclus leucocephalus DONACOBIUS DONACOBIIDAE Black-capped Donacobius Donacobius atricapilla THRUSHES AND ALLIES TURDIDAE Andean Solitaire Myadestes ralloides H Spotted Nightingale-Thrush Catharus dryas H Swainson's Thrush Catharus ustulatus Pale-eyed Thrush Turdus leucops Hauxwell's Thrush Turdus hauxwelli Lawrence's Thrush Turdus lawrencii H Black-billed Thrush Turdus ignobilis Great Thrush Turdus fuscater Glossy-black Thrush Turdus serranus White-necked Thrush Turdus albicollis WAGTAILS AND PIPITS MOTACILLIDAE Paramo Pipit Anthus bogotensis NEW WORLD WARBLERS PARULIDAE Tropical Parula Parula pitiayumi Blackburnian Warbler Dendroica fusca Blackpoll Warbler Dendroica striata Black-and-white Warbler Mniotilta varia American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla Canada Warbler Wilsonia canadensis Slate-throated Redstart Myioborus miniatus Spectacled Redstart Myioborus melanocephalus Black-crested Warbler Basileuterus nigrocristatus Russet-crowned Warbler Basileuterus coronatus Three-striped Warbler Basileuterus tristriatus H BANANAQUIT COEREBIDAE Bananaquit Coereba flaveola TANAGERS AND ALLIES THRAUPIDAE Magpie Tanager Cissopis leverianus Black-capped Hemispingus Hemispingus atropileus Black-eared Hemispingus Hemispingus melanotis melanotis Gray-hooded Bush Tanager Cnemoscopus rubrirostris Cinereous Conebill Conirostrum cinereum

Tropical Birding www.tropicalbirding.com 19 Blue-backed Conebill Conirostrum sitticolor Capped Conebill Conirostrum albifrons Common Bush-Tanager Chlorospingus ophthalmicus Yellow-throated Bush-Tanager Chlorospingus flavigularis Fulvous Shrike-Tanager Lanio fulvus Flame-crested Tanager Tachyphonus cristatus Fulvous-crested Tanager Tachyphonus surinamus White-lined Tanager Tachyphonus rufus Masked Crimson Tanager Ramphocelus nigrogularis Silver-beaked Tanager Ramphocelus carbo Blue-gray Tanager Thraupis episcopus Palm Tanager Thraupis palmarum Blue-and-yellow Tanager Thraupis bonariensis H Hooded Mountain-Tanager Buthraupis montana Lacrimose Mountain-Tanager Anisognathus lacrymosus Scarlet-bellied Mountain-Tanager Anisognathus igniventris Blue-winged Mountain-Tanager Anisognathus somptuosus Grass-green Tanager Chlorornis riefferii Buff-breasted Mountain-Tanager Dubusia taeniata Fawn-breasted Tanager Pipraeidea melanonota Orange-eared Tanager Chlorochrysa calliparaea Turquoise Tanager Tangara mexicana Paradise Tanager Tangara chilensis Green-and-gold Tanager Tangara schrankii Golden Tanager Tangara arthus Saffron-crowned Tanager Tangara xanthocephala Flame-faced Tanager Tangara parzudakii Yellow-bellied Tanager Tangara xanthogastra Spotted Tanager Tangara punctata Bay-headed Tanager Tangara gyrola Blue-browed Tanager Tangara cyanotis Blue-necked Tanager Tangara cyanicollis Masked Tanager Tangara nigrocincta Beryl-spangled Tanager Tangara nigroviridis Blue-and-black Tanager Tangara vassorii Black-capped Tanager Tangara heinei Opal-crowned Tanager Tangara callophrys Black-faced Dacnis Dacnis lineata lineata Yellow-bellied Dacnis Dacnis flaviventer Blue Dacnis Dacnis cayana Green Honeycreeper Chlorophanes spiza Red-legged Honeycreeper Cyanerpes cyaneus Purple Honeycreeper Cyanerpes caeruleus Golden-collared Honeycreeper Iridophanes pulcherrimus Swallow Tanager Tersina viridis Yellow-shouldered Grosbeak Parkerthraustes humeralis Grayish Saltator Saltator coerulescens Buff-throated Saltator Saltator maximus Slate-colored Grosbeak Saltator grossus SPARROWS AND SEEDEATERS EMBERIZIDAE Plumbeous Sierra-Finch Phrygilus unicolor Black-and-white Seedeater Sporophila luctuosa Chestnut-bellied Seedeater Sporophila castaneiventris

Tropical Birding www.tropicalbirding.com 20 Chestnut-bellied (Lesser) Seed-Finch Oryzoborus (a.) angolensis Plain-colored Seedeater Catamenia inornata Glossy Flowerpiercer Diglossa lafresnayii Black Flowerpiercer Diglossa humeralis Deep-blue (Golden-eyed) Flowerpiercer Diglossa glaucus Bluish Flowerpiercer Diglossa caerulescens Masked Flowerpiercer Diglossa cyaneus Red-capped Cardinal Paroaria gularis Pale-naped Brush-Finch Atlapetes pallidinucha Yellow-breasted (Rufous-naped) Brush-Finch Atlapetes latinuchus Slaty Brush-Finch Atlapetes schistaceus Stripe-headed Brush-Finch Arremon torquatus Yellow-browed Sparrow Ammodramus aurifrons Rufous-collared Sparrow Zonotrichia capensis GROSBEAKS AND ALLIES CARDINALIDAE Summer Tanager Piranga rubra Scarlet Tanager Piranga olivacea Golden-bellied (Southern Yellow) Grosbeak Pheucticus chrysogaster Blue-black Grosbeak Cyanocompsa cyanoides TROUPIALS AND ALLIES ICTERIDAE Oriole Blackbird Gymnomystax mexicanus Giant Cowbird Molothrus oryzivorus Epaulet (Moriche) Oriole Icterus cayanensis chrysocephalus (Northern) Mountain Cacique Cacicus chrysonotus leucoramphus Solitary Black Cacique Cacicus solitarius Scarlet-rumped (Subtropical) Cacique Cacicus uropygialis uropygialis Yellow-rumped Cacique Cacicus cela Russet-backed Oropendola Psarocolius angustifrons Crested Oropendola Psarocolius decumanus Casqued Oropendola Clypicterus oseryi SISKINS AND ALLIES FRINGILLIDAE Thick-billed Euphonia Euphonia laniirostris Golden-rumped Euphonia Euphonia cyanocephala Golden-bellied (White-lored) Euphonia Euphonia chrysopasta Bronze-green Euphonia Euphonia mesochrysa White-vented Euphonia Euphonia minuta Orange-bellied Euphonia Euphonia xanthogaster Rufous-bellied Euphonia Euphonia rufiventris Blue-naped Chlorophonia Chlorophonia cyanea Hooded Siskin Spinus magellanicus Olivaceous Siskin Spinus olivaceus

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