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The Evolution of Quaker Meeting Houses in North America 1670-2000

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The Evolution of Quaker Meeting Houses in North America 1670-2000 University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Theses (Historic Preservation) Graduate Program in Historic Preservation 2001 The Evolution of Quaker Meeting Houses in North America 1670-2000 Seth Beeson Hinshaw University of Pennsylvania Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/hp_theses Part of the Historic Preservation and Conservation Commons Hinshaw, Seth Beeson, "The Evolution of Quaker Meeting Houses in North America 1670-2000" (2001). Theses (Historic Preservation). 404. https://repository.upenn.edu/hp_theses/404 Copyright note: Penn School of Design permits distribution and display of this student work by University of Pennsylvania Libraries. Suggested Citation: Hinshaw, Seth Beeson (2001). The Evolution of Quaker Meeting Houses in North America 1670-2000. (Masters Thesis). University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/hp_theses/404 For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Evolution of Quaker Meeting Houses in North America 1670-2000 Disciplines Historic Preservation and Conservation Comments Copyright note: Penn School of Design permits distribution and display of this student work by University of Pennsylvania Libraries. Suggested Citation: Hinshaw, Seth Beeson (2001). The Evolution of Quaker Meeting Houses in North America 1670-2000. (Masters Thesis). University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. This thesis or dissertation is available at ScholarlyCommons: https://repository.upenn.edu/hp_theses/404 iiii:: ^ uNivERsmy PENNSYL\^^NL^ LIBRARIES THE EVOLUTION OF QUAKER MEETING HOUSES IN NORTH AMERICA 1670—2000 Seth Beeson Hinshaw A THESIS In Historic Preservation Presented to the Faculties of the University of Pennsylvania in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE 2001 l^mAy bervisor '& Reader David G. DeLong Thomas D. Hamm Professor of Architecture College Archivist and Professor of History University of Pennsylvania Earlham College '/^yi^u^i^ vQraduaJjB Group Chair FranEu. Matero Associate Professor of Architecture jNlvtHiiJTV OF PENNSYLVANIA Table of Contents. List of Illustrations iv Introduction vii Chapter I. The English Background of Quaker Architecture 1 Liturgical Worship 1 Puritanism 3 The Rise of Quakerism 7 Early Friends Meeting Houses in England 13 Early Interiors of Friends Meeting Houses 17 Chapter II. American Friends Find a Form 22 Introduction of English Prototypes 24 The Bristol Plan in America 24 , End-Gallery Meeting Houses in America 28 Side-Gallery Meeting Houses in America 29 Simple Doubled Meeting Houses 35 The Proto-Ideal Meeting House 37 The Quaker Ideal Plan 38 Chapter HI. The Quaker Ideal Meeting House 41 Meeting House Sites 41 Exteriors of the Quaker Ideal Meeting Houses 43 Interiors of the Quaker Ideal Meeting Houses 47 Arch Street Meeting House 55 Chapter mi. The Liberal Quaker Branch (Hicksites) 57 Hicksite Use of the Quaker Ideal Plan 59 The Race Street Meeting House 62 The Center-Gabled Plan 63 Front-Gabled Meeting Houses 64 The Twentieth Century 66 The Modified Ideal (1930— 1960) 68 Purchased Residences 70 Modem Meeting Houses 70 Chapter V. The Orthodox Conservative Quaker Branch (Wilburites) 73 The Wilburite Use of the Quaker Ideal Plan 79 The Chesterfield Plan 79 Tripled Meeting Houses (1880—1900) 84 Wilbunte Modernism: Middleton (1959) 85 Chapter VI. The Pastoral Quaker Branch (Gurneyites) 87 The Gumeyite Use of the Quaker Ideal Plan (1850—1885) 87 The Late Ideal Plan (1870—1880) 90 The Front-Gabled Plan (1875—1920) 92 The Akron Plan (1895—1925) 98 Neo-Classical (1900— 1930) 100 The Pastoral Style (1925—1970) 104 The Modem Style (1970—2000) 107 Conclusion 109 Appendix: Illustrations Cited in Text 1 12 Bibliography 190 Index 195 .^'' 1 , List of Illustrations. Figure Name Page 1 Stillwater Meeting House, near Bamesville, Ohio 113 2 Mount Airy (North Carolina) Meeting House 113 3 Old Ship Meeting House, Hingham, Massachusetts 1 14 4 Hertford Meeting House, England 115 5 Bristol Meeting House, England 116 6 Adderbury Meeting House, England 116 7 Colthouse Meeting House, Lancashire, England 117 8 Faringdon Meeting House, Berkshire, England 118 9 Stourbridge Meeting House, Worcestershire, England 118 10 Third Haven Meeting House, near Easton, Maryland 119 1 Burlington (New Jersey) Meeting House 119 12 Salem (Massachusetts) Meeting House 120 13 The Great Meeting House, Newport, Rhode Island 121 14 Wilmington (Delaware) Meeting House 122 15 Charleston (South Carolina) Meeting House 122 16 The Bank Meeting House, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 123 17 Pine Street Meeting House, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 123 18 Sadsbury Meeting House, Lancaster Co., Pennsylvania 124 19 The Keithian Meeting House, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 124 20 Little Egg Harbor Meeting House, Tuckertown, New Jersey 125 21 Flushing (New York) Meeting House 125 22 Cecil Meeting House, Cecil Co., Maryland 126 23 Merion (Pennsylvania) Meeting House 126 24 Radnor (Pennsylvania) Meeting House 127 25 Haddonfield (New Jersey) Meeting House 127 26 The Greater Meeting House, Philadelphia, Permsylvania 128 27 Springfield (Pennsylvania) Meeting House 128 28 Hardwick (New Jersey) Meeting House 129 29 South River Meeting House, Lynchburg, Virginia 129 30 Cain Meeting House, near Thomdale, Pennsylvania 130 31 Exeter Meeting House, near Reading, Pennsylvania 130 32 Chestnut Street Meeting House, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 131 33 Horse Sheds at Horsham Meeting House, Montgomery Co. Pennsylvania 131 34 Diagram of the Cain Meeting Property 132 35 Spiceland (Indiana) Meeting House 132 36 Norristown (Pennsylvania) Meeting House 133 37 Sandwich (Massachusetts) Meeting House 133 38 North Pembroke (Massachusetts) Meeting House 134 39 Twelfth Street Meeting House, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 134 40 Winona (Ohio) Meeting House (Conservative) 135 41 Poplar Ridge (New York) Meeting House (Primitive) 135 42 Orchard Park (New York) Meeting House 136 43 Architect's Sketch of the Arch Street Meeting House, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 137 44 Arch Street Meeting House, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 137 45 North Carolina Yearly Meeting House, New Garden, North Carolina 138 46 Indiana Yearly Meeting House, Richmond, Indiana 138 47 Ohio Yearly Meeting House, Mount Pleasant, Ohio 139 48 Ohio Yearly Meeting House, Mount Pleasant, Ohio interior 139 49 West Meeting House (Hicksite), near Sebring, Ohio 140 50 Cherry Street Meeting House, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 140 51 Longwood Meeting House, Chester Co., Pennsylvania 141 52 Race Street Meeting House, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 141 53 Race Street Meeting House, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, sketch c. 1860... 142 54 St. George's Methodist Church House, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 142 55 Indiana Yearly Meeting House, Richmond, Indiana (Hicksite) 143 56 West Chester (Pennsylvania) Meeting House (Hicksite) 143 57 Fair Hill Meeting House, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 144 58 Reading (Pennsylvania) Meeting House 144 59 West Grove (Pennsylvania) Meeting House (Hicksite) 145 60 Yardley (Pennsylvania) Meeting House 145 61 Short Creek Meeting House, near Emerson, Ohio (Hicksite) 146 62 Plainfield Meeting House, east of Bamesville, Ohio (Hicksite) 146 63 Chestnut Hill Meeting House, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 147 64 Harrisburg (Pennsylvania) Meeting House 147 65 Kennett Square (Pennsylvania) Meeting House 148 66 Raleigh (North Carolina) Meeting House 148 67 North Meadow Meeting House, Indianapolis, Indiana 149 68 Atlanta (Georgia) Meeting House 149 69 Orange Grove Meeting House, Pasadena, California 150 70 Phoeni.x (Arizona) Meeting House 150 71 Southampton (Pennsylvania) Meeting House 151 72 Live Oak Meeting House, Houston, Te.\as 152 73 Richland Meeting House (Orthodox), near Quaker City, Ohio 1 53 74 Nottingham & Little Britain Meeting House, Lancaster Co., Pennsylvania (Primitive) 1 53 75 Chesterfield (New Jersey) Meeting House (Orthodox) 154 76 Chesterfield (Ohio) Meeting House (Wilburite) 154 77 West Branch (Iowa) Meeting House (Conservative) 155 78 West Branch (Iowa) Meeting House (Gumeyite) 155 79 Hickory Grove (Iowa) Meeting House 156 80 Salem (Ohio) Meeting House (Wilburite) 157 81 West Grove (North Carolina) Meeting House 158 82 West Philadelphia (Pennsylvania) Meeting House 158 83 West Grove (Pennsylvania) Meeting House (Orthodox) 159 84 Coatesville (Pennsylvania) Meeting House (Orthodox) 159 85 Stavanger (Iowa) Meeting House (Conservative) 160 86 Jacksonville (New York) Meeting House (Primitive) 160 87 Middleton Meeting House, Columbiana Co., Ohio 161 88 Ridge Meeting House, south of Bamesville, Ohio 161 89 Pasadena (California) Meeting House (Wilburite) 162 90 Middleton Meeting House, Columbiana Co., Ohio 163 91 Damascus (Ohio) Meeting House (Gurneyite) 164 92 Upper Springfield Meeting House, Damascus, Ohio (Wilburite) 164 93 New Garden Meeting House, near Fountain City, Indiana 165 71 94 Spiceland (Indiana) Meeting House 165 95 North Carolina Yearly Meeting House, High Point, North Carolina 166 96 Kansas Yearly Meeting House, Lawrence, Kansas 166 97 Providence Meeting House, Randolph Co., North Carolina 167 98 Ohio Yearly Meeting House, Damascus, Ohio 168 99 Indiana Yearly Meeting House, Richmond, Indiana 168 100 Eutaw Street Meeting House, Baltimore, Maryland 169 101 Bethany (North Carolina) Meeting House 170 102 Norristown (Pennsylvania) Meeting House (Orthodox) 170 103 Buena Vista (Indiana) Meeting House 171 104 West Milton (Ohio) Meeting House 171 105 Vandalia (Michigan) Meeting House 172 106 South Wabash (Indiana) Meeting House 172 107 West River Meeting
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