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Guidelines for the Forensic Analysis of Drugs Facilitating Sexual Assault and Other Criminal Acts
Vienna International Centre, PO Box 500, 1400 Vienna, Austria Tel.: (+43-1) 26060-0, Fax: (+43-1) 26060-5866, www.unodc.org Guidelines for the Forensic analysis of drugs facilitating sexual assault and other criminal acts United Nations publication Printed in Austria ST/NAR/45 *1186331*V.11-86331—December 2011 —300 Photo credits: UNODC Photo Library, iStock.com/Abel Mitja Varela Laboratory and Scientific Section UNITED NATIONS OFFICE ON DRUGS AND CRIME Vienna Guidelines for the forensic analysis of drugs facilitating sexual assault and other criminal acts UNITED NATIONS New York, 2011 ST/NAR/45 © United Nations, December 2011. All rights reserved. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. This publication has not been formally edited. Publishing production: English, Publishing and Library Section, United Nations Office at Vienna. List of abbreviations . v Acknowledgements .......................................... vii 1. Introduction............................................. 1 1.1. Background ........................................ 1 1.2. Purpose and scope of the manual ...................... 2 2. Investigative and analytical challenges ....................... 5 3 Evidence collection ...................................... 9 3.1. Evidence collection kits .............................. 9 3.2. Sample transfer and storage........................... 10 3.3. Biological samples and sampling ...................... 11 3.4. Other samples ...................................... 12 4. Analytical considerations .................................. 13 4.1. Substances encountered in DFSA and other DFC cases .... 13 4.2. Procedures and analytical strategy...................... 14 4.3. Analytical methodology .............................. 15 4.4. -
Product List March 2019 - Page 1 of 53
Wessex has been sourcing and supplying active substances to medicine manufacturers since its incorporation in 1994. We supply from known, trusted partners working to full cGMP and with full regulatory support. Please contact us for details of the following products. Product CAS No. ( R)-2-Methyl-CBS-oxazaborolidine 112022-83-0 (-) (1R) Menthyl Chloroformate 14602-86-9 (+)-Sotalol Hydrochloride 959-24-0 (2R)-2-[(4-Ethyl-2, 3-dioxopiperazinyl) carbonylamino]-2-phenylacetic 63422-71-9 acid (2R)-2-[(4-Ethyl-2-3-dioxopiperazinyl) carbonylamino]-2-(4- 62893-24-7 hydroxyphenyl) acetic acid (r)-(+)-α-Lipoic Acid 1200-22-2 (S)-1-(2-Chloroacetyl) pyrrolidine-2-carbonitrile 207557-35-5 1,1'-Carbonyl diimidazole 530-62-1 1,3-Cyclohexanedione 504-02-9 1-[2-amino-1-(4-methoxyphenyl) ethyl] cyclohexanol acetate 839705-03-2 1-[2-Amino-1-(4-methoxyphenyl) ethyl] cyclohexanol Hydrochloride 130198-05-9 1-[Cyano-(4-methoxyphenyl) methyl] cyclohexanol 93413-76-4 1-Chloroethyl-4-nitrophenyl carbonate 101623-69-2 2-(2-Aminothiazol-4-yl) acetic acid Hydrochloride 66659-20-9 2-(4-Nitrophenyl)ethanamine Hydrochloride 29968-78-3 2,4 Dichlorobenzyl Alcohol (2,4 DCBA) 1777-82-8 2,6-Dichlorophenol 87-65-0 2.6 Diamino Pyridine 136-40-3 2-Aminoheptane Sulfate 6411-75-2 2-Ethylhexanoyl Chloride 760-67-8 2-Ethylhexyl Chloroformate 24468-13-1 2-Isopropyl-4-(N-methylaminomethyl) thiazole Hydrochloride 908591-25-3 4,4,4-Trifluoro-1-(4-methylphenyl)-1,3-butane dione 720-94-5 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydrothieno[3,2,c] pyridine Hydrochloride 28783-41-7 4-Chloro-N-methyl-piperidine 5570-77-4 -
Download Drug Labels List
Syringe Labelling System Price Per Label Description/Drug Name Item No. Quanitiy Per Pack Pack Abciximab 99801 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Abidec 100602 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Acepromazine 99802 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Acetazolamide 99803 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Acetylcholine 99804 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Acetylcysteine 99805 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Acetylsalicylic Acid 99806 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Aciclovir 99807 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 ACP/Buprenorphine 100208 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Actrapid Insulin 99808 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Adenosine 99809 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Adrenaline (Top Half Black, Bottom Violet, Violet Text) 99810 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Adrenaline/Epinephrine 99811 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Albumin Solution 99812 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Alchol 99813 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Alemtuzmab 99814 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 ALERT 100243 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Alfaxalone 99815 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Alfentanil 99816 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Alfentanil 99817 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Alteplase 99818 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Amikacin 99819 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Aminophylline 99820 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Amiodarone 100194 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Amoxicillin 100195 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Amphotericin 99821 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Ampicillin 99822 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Antibiotic 99823 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Anticoagulant 99824 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Antifungal 100228 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Antiseptic 99825 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Aprotinin 99826 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Aqueous Iodine 99827 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Arterial 100259 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Arterial ( Line Label - White with Red Writing) 100176 2 x 500 roll's £6.30 Arterial -
Acepromazine
Acepromazine Background Acepromazine is a phenothiazine derivative widely used in equine veterinary medicine for mild sedation.i It is assigned a 3/B classification by the ARCI. Acepromazine can also be used as part of a pre- anesthetic protocol for surgical procedures. Acepromazine is a prescription medication and can only be dispensed from, or upon the request of, a veterinarian. Common trade names for acepromazine include AceproJect™ and PromAce™. Generic versions are also available. It is commercially available in "Acepromazine structure" by Emeldir (talk) - injectable (intravenous and intramuscular) and tablet Own work. Licensed under Public Domain via formulations. Historically, acepromazine was not Commons - recommended for use in intact stallions due to risk of https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ace promazine_200.svg prolonged penile prolapse. However, the most recent data suggest this risk is quite low, and many anesthesiologists use this as a pre-anesthetic medication, even in intact stallions.ii Acepromazine’s specific mechanism of action is poorly understood. Proposed mechanisms include central depression through dopaminergic pathways and peripheral actions including action on cholinergic, histaminergic, and adrenergic receptors. Administration Studies Intravenous Administration – Therapeutic Dose Acepromazine (Acepromazine, generic 10 mg/mL solution from Webster Pharmacy) was administered to twenty exercise-conditioned Thoroughbred horses (geldings and mares) housed at the University of Florida Equine Pharmacokinetics Laboratory. Each horse received a one-time 0.05 mg/kg dose via intravenous injection. Blood samples were obtained immediately prior to medication administration and at the following times: 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, and 45 minutes; and 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 24, and 48 hours post- administration. -
Kentucky Horse Racing Commission Withdrawal Guidelines Thoroughbred; Standardbred; Quarter Horse, Appaloosa, and Arabian KHRC 8-020-2 (11/2018)
Kentucky Horse Racing Commission Withdrawal Guidelines Thoroughbred; Standardbred; Quarter Horse, Appaloosa, and Arabian KHRC 8-020-2 (11/2018) General Notice Unless otherwise specified in these withdrawal guidelines or the applicable regulations and statutes, the following withdrawal guidelines are voluntary and advisory. The guidelines are recommendations based on current scientific knowledge that may change over time. A licensee may present evidence of full compliance with these guidelines to the Kentucky Horse Racing Commission (the “Commission” or “KHRC”) and the stewards as a mitigating factor to be used in determining violations and penalties. These withdrawal interval guidelines assume that administration of medications will be performed at doses that are not greater than the manufacturer’s maximum recommended dosage. Medications administered at dosages above manufacturer’s recommendations, in compounded formulations and/or in combination with other medications and/or administration inside the withdrawal interval may result in test sample concentrations above threshold concentrations that could lead to positive test results and the imposition of penalties. The time of administration of an orally administered substance, for the purposes of withdrawal interval, shall be considered to be the time of complete ingestion of the medication by the horse via eating or drinking. Brand names of medications, where applicable, are listed in parentheses or brackets following the generic name of a drug. In addition to the requirements contained in KRS Chapter 13A, the KHRC shall give notice of an amendment or addition to these withdrawal guidelines by posting the change on the KHRC website and at all Kentucky racetracks at least two weeks before the amendment or addition takes legal effect. -
Low Doses of A2-Adrenoceptor Antagonists Augment Spinal Morphine Analgesia and Inhibit Development of Acute and Chronic Tolerance
British Journal of Pharmacology (2008) 155, 1264–1278 & 2008 Macmillan Publishers Limited All rights reserved 0007– 1188/08 $32.00 www.brjpharmacol.org RESEARCH PAPER Low doses of a2-adrenoceptor antagonists augment spinal morphine analgesia and inhibit development of acute and chronic tolerance B Milne, M Sutak, CM Cahill and K Jhamandas Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Department of Anesthesiology, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada Background and purpose: Ultra-low doses of opioid receptor antagonists augment spinal morphine antinociception and block the induction of tolerance. Considering the evidence demonstrating functional and physical interactions between the opioid and a2-adrenoceptors, this study investigated whether ultra-low doses of a2-adrenoceptor antagonists also influence spinal morphine analgesia and tolerance. Experimental approach: Effects of low doses of the competitive a2-adrenoceptor antagonists—atipamezole (0.08, 0.8 ng), yohimbine (0.02, 2 ng), mirtazapine (0.02 ng) and idazoxan (0.08 ng) were investigated on intrathecal morphine analgesia, as well as acute and chronic morphine antinociceptive tolerance using the rat tail flick and paw pressure tests. Key results: At doses markedly lower than those producing a2-adrenoceptor blockade, atipamezole, yohimbine, mirtazapine and idazoxan, prolonged the antinociceptive effects of morphine. When co-administered with repeated acute spinal injections of morphine, all four agents blocked the induction of acute tolerance. Co-injection of atipamezole with morphine for 5 days inhibited the development of tolerance in a chronic treatment paradigm. Spinal administration of atipamezole also reversed established antinociceptive tolerance to morphine as indicated by the restoration of morphine antinociceptive potency. The effects of atipamezole on spinal morphine tolerance were not influenced by treatment with 6-hydroxydopamine. -
Acepromazine Injection(Acepromazine Maleate Injection)
ACEPROMAZINE MALEATE- acepromazine maleate injection MWI/VetOne ---------- Acepromazine Injection (acepromazine maleate injection) Approved by FDA under NADA # 015-030 Caution: Federal law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian. Description: Acepromazine Injection, a potent neuroleptic agent with a low order of toxicity, is of particular value in the tranquilization of dogs, cats and horses. Its rapid action and lack of hypnotic effect are added advantages. According to Baker,1 the scope of possible applications for this compound in veterinary practice is only limited by the imagination of the practitioner. Each mL contains: acepromazine maleate 10 mg, sodium citrate 0.36%, citric acid 0.075%, benzyl alcohol 1% and water for injection. Acepromazine [10-[3-(dimethyl-amino) propyl] phenothiazin-2-yl-methyl ketone] Maleate, USP has the following chemical structure: Acepromazine Injection has a depressant effect on the central nervous system and, therefore, causes sedation, muscular relaxation and a reduction in spontaneous activity. It acts rapidly, exerting a prompt and pronounced calming effect. Indications: Dogs and Cats: Acepromazine Injection can be used as an aid in controlling intractable animals during examination, treatment, grooming, x-ray and minor surgical procedures; to alleviate itching as a result of skin irritation; as an antiemetic to control vomiting associated with motion sickness. Acepromazine Injection is particularly useful as a preanesthetic agent (1) to enhance and prolong the effects of barbiturates, thus reducing the requirements for general anesthesia; (2) as an adjunct to surgery under local anesthesia. Horses: Acepromazine Injection can be used as an aid in controlling fractious animals during examination, treatment, loading and transportation. -
Supplementary Material Final Submitted
Supplementary material S1 Ciprofloxacin, Danofloxacin, Difloxacin, Enrofloxacin, Flumequine, Marbofloxacin, Nalidixic acid, Norfloxacin, Oxolinic acid, Sarafloxacin, Sulfaguanidine, Sulfanilamide, Sulfachlorpyridazine, Sulfadiazine, Sulfadimethoxine, Sulfadoxine, Sulfamerazine, Sulfamethazine, Sulfamethizole, Sulfamethoxypyridazine, Sulfamonomethoxine, Sulfapyridine, Sulfaquinoxaline, Sulfathiazole, Sulfisoxazole, Sulfamoxole, Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole, Erythromycin, Josamycin, Lincomycin, Spiramycin, Tilmicosin, Tylosin A, Gamithromycin, Tildipirosin, Tulathromycin, Virginiamycin, Pirlimycin, Acetyltylosin-2-O, Tylvalosin, Valnemulin, Rifampicin, Dapsone, Chlortetracycline, Epichlortetracycline, Epitetracycline, Oxytetracycline, Epioxytetracycline, Doxycycline,Tetracycline, Phenoxymethylpenicillin, Benzylpenicillin, Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Dicloxacillin, Cloxacillin, Nafcillin, Oxacillin, Cefalexin, Cefalonium, Cefapirin, Cefoperazone, Desacetylcefapirin, Cefazolin, Cefquinome, Ceftiofur. S2 1,2-dichlorobenzene, 16ß-hydroxystanozolol, 17a-nortestosterone, 17a-trenbolone, 17ß-estradiol, 17ß-trenbolone, 2 4 6-triaminopyrimidine-5-carbonitrile, 2 4-dimethylaniline, 2ß-hydroxy-N- deethyltiamulin, 2ß-hydroxytiamulin, 3-O-acetyltylosin, 4 4'-dinitrocarbanilide/Nicarbazin (500) , 4- demethylgriseofulvin, 4-methylaminoantipyrine, 5-hydroxyflunixin, 5-hydroxythiabendazole, 6- demethylgriseofulvin, 8a-hydroxymutilin, 8a-hydroxy-N-deethyltiamulin, 8a-hydroxytiamulin, Abamectin B1a, Acepromazine, Acetylisovaleryltylosin, Acyclovir, AHD, Aklomide, -
Non-Clinical Review(S) Department of Health and Human Services Public Health Service Food and Drug Administration Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
CENTER FOR DRUG EVALUATION AND RESEARCH APPLICATION NUMBER: 209830Orig1s000 NON-CLINICAL REVIEW(S) DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION CENTER FOR DRUG EVALUATION AND RESEARCH PHARMACOLOGY/TOXICOLOGY NDA REVIEW AND EVALUATION Application number: 209830 Supporting document/s: 1, 4, 9, 19 Applicant’s letter date: 8/31/17, 11/6/17, 11/22/17, 3/12/18 CDER stamp date: 8/31/17, 11/6/17, 11/22/17, 3/12/18 Product: ARISTADA INITIO Aripiprazole lauroxil NanoCrystal® Dispersion (AL-NCD, aripiprazole lauroxil nano and ALKS 9072N) Indication: As a starting dose to initiate ARISTADA® (aripiprazole lauroxil) treatment for schizophrenia (b) (4) Applicant: Alkermes, Inc. Review Division: Psychiatry Products Reviewer: Amy M. Avila, PhD Supervisor/Team Leader: Aisar Atrakchi, PhD Division Director: Mitchell Mathis, MD Project Manager: Kofi Ansah, PharmD Template Version: September 1, 2010 Disclaimer Except as specifically identified, all data and information discussed below and necessary for approval of NDA 209830 are owned by Alkermes or are data for which Alkermes has obtained a written right of reference. Any information or data necessary for approval of NDA 209830 that Alkermes does not own or have a written right to reference constitutes one of the following: (1) published literature, or (2) a prior FDA finding of safety or effectiveness for a listed drug, as reflected in the drug’s approved labeling. Any data or information described or referenced below from reviews or publicly available summaries of a previously approved application is for descriptive purposes only and is not relied upon for approval of NDA 209830. -
Acepromazine and Chlorpromazine As Pharmaceutical-Grade Alternatives to Chlorprothixene for Pupillary Light Reflex Imaging in Mice
Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science Vol 59, No 2 Copyright 2020 March 2020 by the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science Pages 197–203 Acepromazine and Chlorpromazine as Pharmaceutical-grade Alternatives to Chlorprothixene for Pupillary Light Reflex Imaging in Mice Samantha S Eckley,1 Jason S Villano,1 Nora S Kuo,1 and Kwoon Y Wong2,* Studies of visual responses in isoflurane-anesthetized mice often use the sedative chlorprothixene to decrease the amount of isoflurane used because excessive isoflurane could adversely affect light-evoked responses. However, data are not available to justify the use of this nonpharmaceutical-grade chemical. The current study tested whether pharmaceutical-grade sedatives would be appropriate alternatives for imaging pupillary light reflexes. Male 15-wk-old mice were injected intraperitoneally with 1 mg/kg chlorprothixene, 5 mg/kg acepromazine, 10 mg/kg chlorpromazine, or saline. After anesthetic induction, anes- thesia maintenance used 0.5% and 1% isoflurane for sedative- and saline-injected mice, respectively. A photostimulus (16.0 log photons cm−2 s−1; 470 nm) was presented to the right eye for 20 min, during which the left eye was imaged for consensual pupillary constriction and involuntary pupil drift. Time to immobilization, loss of righting reflex, physiologic parameters, gain of righting reflex, and degree of recovery were assessed also. The sedative groups were statistically indistinguishable for all measures. By contrast, pupillary drift occurred far more often in saline-treated mice than in the sedative groups. Fur- thermore, saline-treated mice took longer to reach maximal pupil constriction than all sedative groups and had lower heart rates compared with chlorpromazine- and chlorprothixene-sedated mice. -
Detection of A2-Adrenergic Receptors in Brain of Living Pig with 11C-Yohimbine
Detection of a2-Adrenergic Receptors in Brain of Living Pig with 11C-Yohimbine Steen Jakobsen1, Kasper Pedersen1, Donald F. Smith2, Svend B. Jensen1, Ole L. Munk1, and Paul Cumming1 1Aarhus University PET Centre and Centre for Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, Aarhus, Denmark; and 2Center for Basic Psychiatric Research, Psychiatric Hospital of Aarhus University, Risskov, Denmark been developed for PET studies for receptors and reuptake There have been few radiotracers for imaging adrenergic recep- sites of the biogenic amines dopamine, serotonin, and tors in brain by PET, but none has advanced for use in human noradrenaline (2,3). Altered noradrenergic transmission is studies. We developed a radiosynthesis for the a2-adrenergic implicated in several neurodegenerative diseases and in the antagonist 11C-yohimbine and characterized its binding in living mechanism of action of some antidepressants. However, pigs. As a prelude to human studies with 11C-yohimbine, we determined the whole-body distribution of 11C-yohimbine and radiotracers for markers of noradrenaline innervations calculated its dosimetry. Methods: Yorkshire · Landrace pigs and receptors have become available only in recent years. weighing 35–40 kg were used in the study. Baseline and post- Plasma membrane noradrenaline transporters on presynap- challenge PET recordings of 11C-yohimbine in pig brain were tic terminals can now be imaged with 11C-labeled 2-[(2- conducted for 90 min, concurrent with arterial blood sampling, methoxyphenoxy)phenylethyl]morpholine (11C-MeNER) (4). and with yohimbine and RX821002 as pharmacologic interven- Whereas specific radiotracers are not available for imaging of tions. 15O-Water scans were performed to detect changes in brain b-adrenergic receptors, a -adrenergic receptors in brain cerebral perfusion. -
Screening of 300 Drugs in Blood Utilizing Second Generation
Forensic Screening of 300 Drugs in Blood Utilizing Exactive Plus High-Resolution Accurate Mass Spectrometer and ExactFinder Software Kristine Van Natta, Marta Kozak, Xiang He Forensic Toxicology use Only Drugs analyzed Compound Compound Compound Atazanavir Efavirenz Pyrilamine Chlorpropamide Haloperidol Tolbutamide 1-(3-Chlorophenyl)piperazine Des(2-hydroxyethyl)opipramol Pentazocine Atenolol EMDP Quinidine Chlorprothixene Hydrocodone Tramadol 10-hydroxycarbazepine Desalkylflurazepam Perimetazine Atropine Ephedrine Quinine Cilazapril Hydromorphone Trazodone 5-(p-Methylphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin Desipramine Phenacetin Benperidol Escitalopram Quinupramine Cinchonine Hydroquinine Triazolam 6-Acetylcodeine Desmethylcitalopram Phenazone Benzoylecgonine Esmolol Ranitidine Cinnarizine Hydroxychloroquine Trifluoperazine Bepridil Estazolam Reserpine 6-Monoacetylmorphine Desmethylcitalopram Phencyclidine Cisapride HydroxyItraconazole Trifluperidol Betaxolol Ethyl Loflazepate Risperidone 7(2,3dihydroxypropyl)Theophylline Desmethylclozapine Phenylbutazone Clenbuterol Hydroxyzine Triflupromazine Bezafibrate Ethylamphetamine Ritonavir 7-Aminoclonazepam Desmethyldoxepin Pholcodine Clobazam Ibogaine Trihexyphenidyl Biperiden Etifoxine Ropivacaine 7-Aminoflunitrazepam Desmethylmirtazapine Pimozide Clofibrate Imatinib Trimeprazine Bisoprolol Etodolac Rufinamide 9-hydroxy-risperidone Desmethylnefopam Pindolol Clomethiazole Imipramine Trimetazidine Bromazepam Felbamate Secobarbital Clomipramine Indalpine Trimethoprim Acepromazine Desmethyltramadol Pipamperone