Full Circle Magazine #170 Contents ^ Full Circle Magazine Is Neither Affiliated With,1 Nor Endorsed By, Canonical Ltd

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Full Circle Magazine #170 Contents ^ Full Circle Magazine Is Neither Affiliated With,1 Nor Endorsed By, Canonical Ltd VIE Full Circle RE W THE INDEPENDENT MAGAZINE FOR THE UBUNTU LINUX COMMUNITY ISSUE #170 - June 2021 L U 4 B .0 UNTU 21 ) m o c . r VIE k E W c R i l F ( k e t i c w r : X o t U 4 o h B .0 P UNTU 21 TTAAMMEE YYOOUURR GGRRUUBB MMEENNUU GIVE YOUR BOOT MENU A MAKE OVER full circle magazine #170 contents ^ Full Circle Magazine is neither affiliated with,1 nor endorsed by, Canonical Ltd. HowTo Full Circle THE INDEPENDENT MAGAZINE FOR THE UBUNTU LINUX COMMUNITY Python p.15 Linux News p.04 Latex p.18 Command & Conquer p.13 ... p.XX Everyday Ubuntu p.31 Tame Your GRUB Menu p.20 Ubuntu Devices p.XX The Daily Waddle p.43 Micro This Micro That p.33 p.XX My Opinion p.40 Letters p.XX Review p.45 Inkscape p.26 Q&A p.52 Review p.48 Ubuntu Games p.55 Graphics The articles contained in this magazine are released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. This means you can adapt, copy, distribute and transmit the articles but only under the following conditions: you must attribute the work to the original author in some way (at least a name, email or URL) and to this magazine by name ('Full Circle Magazine') and the URL www.fullcirclemagazine.org (but not attribute the article(s) in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you must distribute the resulting work under the same, similar or a compatible license. Full Circle magazine is entirely independent of Canonical, the sponsor of the Ubuntu projects, and the views and opinions in the magazine should in no way be assumed to have Canonical endorsement. full circle magazine #170 2 contents ^ EEDDIITTOORRIIAALL This magazine was created using : WELCOME TO THE LATEST ISSUE OF FULL CIRCLE or this issue, we have the usual suspects; Python, Latex, Inkscape, LMMS, MTMT (Micro This F Micro That), and an interesting piece on getting to grips with that pesky GRUB menu. You know, that boring black screen with the white box that lets you pick which OS to boot from. Well, you can make it look all fancy. True story. Even if you only see it for about ten seconds every six months. We continue the reviews of 21.04 this month with Lubuntu and Xubuntu. We have an opinion piece about booting Ubuntu. As in, can the vanilla user understand what's happening when Ubuntu is starting up? I certainly don't! In the real world: I hope you're all keeping safe and well. I hope we're getting to the end of this Find Full Circle on: pandemic nonsense. One expert says we're in a third wave (here in the UK) while another says we're facebook.com/ past the worst of it. By the time you've read this I'll have had both my jags (as we call them here in fullcirclemagazine Scotland) and feel safer. I'm not as young as I used to be! Which is probably a good thing... twitter.com/#!/fullcirclemag Don't forget: if you're looking for some help, advice, or just a chit chat: remember, we have a http://issuu.com/ Telegram group. I mention this as I've been giving out the wrong link in a couple of emails. The link fullcirclemagazine is: https://t.me/joinchat/PujkVH1HopRKvfd3. I hope to see you there. Come and say hello. https://mastodon.social/ @fullcirclemagazine Anyway, stay safe, and all the best for 2021! Ronnie [email protected] Weekly News: http://fullcirclemagazine.org/ feed/podcast http://www.stitcher.com/s? fid=85347&refid=stpr http://tunein.com/radio/Full- FCM PATREON : https://www.patreon.com/fullcirclemagazine Circle-Weekly-News-p855064/ full circle magazine #170 3 contents ^ NNEEWWSS Submitted by ErikTheUnready APACHE NETBEANS 12.4 Node.js 14.16 platform, and the V8 https://mailman.nginx.org/ https://gitlab.com/ 9.1 JavaScript engine . pipermail/unit/2021-May/ CalcProgrammer1/OpenRGB/-/ ELEASED R : 000265.html releases/release_0.6 05/30/2021 https://www.electronjs.org/blog/ electron-13-0 pache Software Foundation OPENRGB 0.6, RGB PEERTUBE 3.2 RELEASED: A Organization introduced an DEVICE CONTROL TOOLKIT: 06/01/2021 integrated development NGINX UNIT 1.24.0 06/01/2021 environment for Apache NetBeans RELEASED: he decentralized platform for 12.4, which provides support for 05/31/2021 new release of OpenRGB 0.6, a T organizing video hosting and the Java SE programming A free toolkit for controlling RGB video broadcasting PeerTube 3.2 languages, Java EE, PHP, C / C++, GINX Unit 1.24 application lighting devices, is out. The package was announced. PeerTube offers a JavaScript and Groovy. This is the N server was released. A solution supports ASUS, Gigabyte, ASRock vendor-independent alternative to seventh release made by the is being developed to ensure the and MSI motherboards with RGB YouTube, Dailymotion and Vimeo, Apache Foundation since Oracle launch of web applications in lighting subsystem, backlit memory using a content distribution donated the NetBeans code. various programming languages modules from ASUS, Patriot, Corsair network based on P2P (Python, PHP, Perl, Ruby, Go, and HyperX, ASUS Aura / ROG, MSI communications and linking https://blogs.apache.org/netbeans/ JavaScript / Node.js and Java). GeForce, Sapphire Nitro and visitors' browsers. The project is entry/announce-apache-netbeans- Several applications in different Gigabyte Aorus graphics cards, distributed under the AGPLv3 12-4 programming languages can run various controllers LED strips license. simultaneously under the control of (ThermalTake, Corsair, NZXT Hue +), https://joinpeertube.org/ LECTRON NGINX Unit, the launch parameters glowing coolers, mice, keyboards, E 13.0.0: news#release-3.2 05/31/2021 can be changed dynamically Razer backlit headphones and without the need to edit accessories. Information about the lectron 13.0.0, which provides a configuration files and restart. The protocol of interaction with devices JINGOS 0.9 AVAILABLE: E self-contained framework for code is written in C and is is mainly obtained through reverse 06/01/2021 developing multi-platform user distributed under the Apache 2.0 engineering of proprietary drivers applications, using the Chromium, license. You can get acquainted and applications. The code is ingOS 0.9 distribution is out, V8 and Node.js components. The with the features of NGINX Unit in written in C / C++ and is distributed J providing an environment major change to the version the announcement of the first under the GPLv2 license. specifically optimized for number is due to the upgrade to release. installation on touchscreen tablets the Chromium 91 codebase, the and laptops. The project is being full circle magazine #170 4 contents ^ NEWS developed by the Chinese company example, the package contains numbering stable versions (4.6, 4.8, https://obsproject.com/blog/obs- Jingling Tech, which has a utilities mount / umount, fdisk, 5.0, etc.). The new Cinnamon studio-27-released representative office in California. hwclock, cal, blkid, fsck / cfdisk / release will be offered with Linux The development team includes sfdisk, blockdev, chrt, mkfs, ionice, Mint 20.2, which is slated for a mid- OPENSUSE LEAP 15.3 employees previously employed by more, renice, su, kill, setsid, login, June release. Lenovo, Alibaba, Samsung, shutdown, dmesg, lscpu, logger, RELEASED: Canonical / Ubuntu, and Trolltech. losetup, setterm, mkswap, swapon, https://github.com/linuxmint/ 06/02/2021 The installation image size is 3 GB taskset, etc. Cinnamon/releases/tag/5.0.0 (x86_64). The project is distributed fter almost a year of development, openSUSE Leap under the GPLv3 license. https://www.spinics.net/lists/util- OBS STUDIO 27.0 A linux-ng/msg16733.html 15.3 has been released. The release For JingOS tests, developers use RELEASED: builds on the core set of packages Surface pro6 and Huawei Matebook 06/02/2021 from the SUSE Linux Enterprise CINNAMON 5.0 RELEASED: distribution with some custom 14 tablets, but in theory, the distro 06/02/2021 can run on any tablets supported in BS Studio 27.0 for streaming, applications from the openSUSE Ubuntu 20.04. OTA updates are O compositing and video Tumbleweed repository. A 4.4 GB fter six months of recording is out. The code is written universal DVD build is available for supported to keep the software up development, the Cinnamon to date. To install programs, in A in C / C++ and is distributed under download (x86_64, aarch64, 5.0 user environment is released. the GPLv2 license. It provides ppc64les, 390x), a stripped-down addition to the regular Ubuntu The Linux Mint community is repositories and the Snap catalog, a support for compositing with scene image for network installation (146 developing a fork of the GNOME building based on arbitrary video MB) and Live builds with KDE, separate application store is Shell, the Nautilus file manager and offered. streams, data from web cameras, GNOME and Xfce. A key feature of the Mutter window manager, aimed video capture cards, images, text, openSUSE Leap 15.3 is the use of at providing a classic GNOME 2- https://forum.jingos.com/t/jingos- content of application windows, or the same set of binary packages style environment with support for the entire screen. During with SUSE Linux Enterprise 15 SP 3, v0-9-release-and-super-early-birds- GNOME Shell interactions. program/1572 broadcasting, it allows you to instead of the rebuilding of SUSE Cinnamon is based on GNOME switch between several predefined Linux Enterprise src packages that components, but those scene options (for example, to was the norm in previous releases.
Recommended publications
  • Resurrect Your Old PC
    Resurrect your old PCs Resurrect your old PC Nostalgic for your old beige boxes? Don’t let them gather dust! Proprietary OSes force users to upgrade hardware much sooner than necessary: Neil Bothwick highlights some great ways to make your pensioned-off PCs earn their keep. ardware performance is constantly improving, and it is only natural to want the best, so we upgrade our H system from time to time and leave the old ones behind, considering them obsolete. But you don’t usually need the latest and greatest, it was only a few years ago that people were running perfectly usable systems on 500MHz CPUs and drooling over the prospect that a 1GHz CPU might actually be available quite soon. I can imagine someone writing a similar article, ten years from now, about what to do with that slow, old 4GHz eight-core system that is now gathering dust. That’s what we aim to do here, show you how you can put that old hardware to good use instead of consigning it to the scrapheap. So what are we talking about when we say older computers? The sort of spec that was popular around the turn of the century. OK, while that may be true, it does make it seem like we are talking about really old hardware. A typical entry-level machine from six or seven years ago would have had something like an 800MHz processor, Pentium 3 or similar, 128MB of RAM and a 20- 30GB hard disk. The test rig used for testing most of the software we will discuss is actually slightly lower spec, it has a 700MHz Celeron processor, because that’s what I found in the pile of computer gear I never throw away in my loft, right next to my faithful old – but non-functioning – Amiga 4000.
    [Show full text]
  • Ubuntu Kung Fu
    Prepared exclusively for Alison Tyler Download at Boykma.Com What readers are saying about Ubuntu Kung Fu Ubuntu Kung Fu is excellent. The tips are fun and the hope of discov- ering hidden gems makes it a worthwhile task. John Southern Former editor of Linux Magazine I enjoyed Ubuntu Kung Fu and learned some new things. I would rec- ommend this book—nice tips and a lot of fun to be had. Carthik Sharma Creator of the Ubuntu Blog (http://ubuntu.wordpress.com) Wow! There are some great tips here! I have used Ubuntu since April 2005, starting with version 5.04. I found much in this book to inspire me and to teach me, and it answered lingering questions I didn’t know I had. The book is a good resource that I will gladly recommend to both newcomers and veteran users. Matthew Helmke Administrator, Ubuntu Forums Ubuntu Kung Fu is a fantastic compendium of useful, uncommon Ubuntu knowledge. Eric Hewitt Consultant, LiveLogic, LLC Prepared exclusively for Alison Tyler Download at Boykma.Com Ubuntu Kung Fu Tips, Tricks, Hints, and Hacks Keir Thomas The Pragmatic Bookshelf Raleigh, North Carolina Dallas, Texas Prepared exclusively for Alison Tyler Download at Boykma.Com Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their prod- ucts are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and The Pragmatic Programmers, LLC was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial capital letters or in all capitals. The Pragmatic Starter Kit, The Pragmatic Programmer, Pragmatic Programming, Pragmatic Bookshelf and the linking g device are trademarks of The Pragmatic Programmers, LLC.
    [Show full text]
  • Master Thesis
    Master's Programme in Computer Network Engineering, 60 credits MASTER Connect street light control devices in a secure network THESIS Andreas Kostoulas, Efstathios Lykouropoulos, Zainab Jumaa Network security, 15 credits Halmstad 2015-02-16 “Connect street light control devices in a secure network” Master’s Thesis in Computer Network engineering 2014 Authors: Andreas Kostoulas, Efstathios Lykouropoulos, Zainab Jumaa Supervisor: Alexey Vinel Examiner: Tony Larsson Preface This thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for a Master’s Degree in Computer Network Engineering at the Department of Information Science - Computer and Electrical Engineering, at University of Halmstad, Sweden. The research - implementation described herein was conducted under the supervision of Professor Alexey Vinel and in cooperation with Greinon engineering. This was a challenging trip with both ups and downs but accompanied by an extend team of experts, always willing to coach, sponsor, help and motivate us. For this we would like to thank them. We would like to thank our parents and family for their financial and motivational support, although distance between us was more than 1500 kilometres. Last but not least we would like to thank our fellow researchers and friends on our department for useful discussions, comments, suggestions, thoughts and also creative and fun moments we spend together. i Abstract Wireless communications is a constantly progressing technology in network engineering society, creating an environment full of opportunities that are targeting in financial growth, quality of life and humans prosperity. Wireless security is the science that has as a goal to provide safe data communication between authorized users and prevent unauthorized users from gaining access, deny access, damage or counterfeit data in a wireless environment.
    [Show full text]
  • MIPS32 Malta Linux
    MIPS32 Malta Linux Imperas Software Limited Imperas Buildings, North Weston, Thame, Oxfordshire, OX9 2HA, UK [email protected] Author: OVP Version: 1.4.1 Filename: OVP_MIPS_Linux_Platform_User_Guide.doc Project: MIPS32 Malta Linux Platform Last Saved: December 7, 2016 Keywords: OVP MIPS Malta Linux © 2010 Imperas Software Limited www.OVPworld.org Page 1 of 115 MIPS32 Malta Linux Platform Copyright Notice Copyright © 2016 Imperas Software Limited All rights reserved. This software and documentation contain information that is the property of Imperas Software Limited. The software and documentation are furnished under a license agreement and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of the license agreement. No part of the software and documentation may be reproduced, transmitted, or translated, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, manual, optical, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Imperas Software Limited, or as expressly provided by the license agreement. Right to Copy Documentation The license agreement with Imperas permits licensee to make copies of the documentation for its internal use only. Each copy shall include all copyrights, trademarks, service marks, and proprietary rights notices, if any. Destination Control Statement All technical data contained in this publication is subject to the export control laws of the United States of America. Disclosure to nationals of other countries contrary to United States law is prohibited. It is the reader’s responsibility to determine the applicable regulations and to comply with them. Disclaimer IMPERAS SOFTWARE LIMITED, AND ITS LICENSORS MAKE NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARD TO THIS MATERIAL, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
    [Show full text]
  • Schon Mal Dran Gedacht,Linux Auszuprobieren? Von G. Schmidt
    Schon mal dran gedacht, Linux auszuprobieren? Eine Einführung in das Betriebssystem Linux und seine Distributionen von Günther Schmidt-Falck Das Magazin AUSWEGE wird nun schon seit 2010 mit Hilfe des Computer-Betriebs- system Linux erstellt: Texte layouten, Grafiken und Fotos bearbeiten, Webseiten ge- stalten, Audio schneiden - alles mit freier, unabhängiger Software einer weltweiten Entwicklergemeinde. Aufgrund der guten eigenen Erfahrungen möchte der folgende Aufsatz ins Betriebssystem Linux einführen - mit einem Schwerpunkt auf der Distri- bution LinuxMint. Was ist Linux? „... ein hochstabiles, besonders schnelles und vor allem funktionsfähiges Betriebssystem, das dem Unix-System ähnelt, … . Eine Gemeinschaft Tausender programmierte es und verteilt es nun unter der GNU General Public Li- cense. Somit ist es frei zugänglich für jeden und kos- tenlos! Mehrere Millionen Leute, viele Organisatio- nen und besonders Firmen nutzen es weltweit. Die meisten nutzen es aus folgenden Gründen: • besonders schnell, stabil und leistungs- stark • gratis Support aus vielen Internet- Newsgruppen Tux, der Pinguin, ist das Linux-Maskottchen • übersichtliche Mailing-Listen • massenweise www-Seiten • direkter Mailkontakt mit dem Programmierer sind möglich • Bildung von Gruppen • kommerzieller Support“1 Linux ist heute weit verbreitet im Serverbereich: „Im Oktober 2012 wurden mindes- tens 32% aller Webseiten auf einem Linux-Server gehostet. Da nicht alle Linux-Ser- ver sich auch als solche zu erkennen geben, könnte der tatsächliche Anteil um bis zu 24% höher liegen. Damit wäre ein tatsächlicher Marktanteil von bis zu 55% nicht 1 http://www.linuxnetworx.com/linux-richtig-nutzen magazin-auswege.de – 2.11.2015 Schon mal dran gedacht, Linux auszuprobieren? 1 auszuschliessen. (…) Linux gilt innerhalb von Netzwerken als ausgesprochen sicher und an die jeweiligen Gegebenheiten anpassbar.
    [Show full text]
  • Lightweight Distros on Test
    GROUP TEST LIGHTWEIGHT DISTROS LIGHTWEIGHT DISTROS GROUP TEST Mayank Sharma is on the lookout for distros tailor made to infuse life into his ageing computers. On Test Lightweight distros here has always been a some text editing, and watch some Linux Lite demand for lightweight videos. These users don’t need URL www.linuxliteos.com Talternatives both for the latest multi-core machines VERSION 2.0 individual apps and for complete loaded with several gigabytes of DESKTOP Xfce distributions. But the recent advent RAM or even a dedicated graphics Does the second version of the distro of feature-rich resource-hungry card. However, chances are their does enough to justify its title? software has reinvigorated efforts hardware isn’t supported by the to put those old, otherwise obsolete latest kernel, which keeps dropping WattOS machines to good use. support for older hardware that is URL www.planetwatt.com For a long time the primary no longer in vogue, such as dial-up VERSION R8 migrators to Linux were people modems. Back in 2012, support DESKTOP LXDE, Mate, Openbox who had fallen prey to the easily for the i386 chip was dropped from Has switching the base distro from exploitable nature of proprietary the kernel and some distros, like Ubuntu to Debian made any difference? operating systems. Of late though CentOS, have gone one step ahead we’re getting a whole new set of and dropped support for the 32-bit SparkyLinux users who come along with their architecture entirely. healthy and functional computers URL www.sparkylinux.org that just can’t power the newer VERSION 3.5 New life DESKTOP LXDE, Mate, Xfce and others release of Windows.
    [Show full text]
  • AWS Site-To-Site VPN User Guide AWS Site-To-Site VPN User Guide
    AWS Site-to-Site VPN User Guide AWS Site-to-Site VPN User Guide AWS Site-to-Site VPN: User Guide Copyright © Amazon Web Services, Inc. and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon's trademarks and trade dress may not be used in connection with any product or service that is not Amazon's, in any manner that is likely to cause confusion among customers, or in any manner that disparages or discredits Amazon. All other trademarks not owned by Amazon are the property of their respective owners, who may or may not be affiliated with, connected to, or sponsored by Amazon. AWS Site-to-Site VPN User Guide Table of Contents What is Site-to-Site VPN ..................................................................................................................... 1 Concepts ................................................................................................................................... 1 Working with Site-to-Site VPN ..................................................................................................... 1 Site-to-Site VPN limitations ......................................................................................................... 2 Pricing ...................................................................................................................................... 2 How AWS Site-to-Site VPN works ........................................................................................................ 3 Site-to-Site VPN Components .....................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Foxclone User Guide
    Foxclone V46 Return to contents Foxclone User Guide To navigate round the guide: • Any item in the contents can be clicked to go to that item. • At the top of every page is a link that will go to the contents list. • Any items highlighted will go to the item, e.g. this will go to the contents list. 22 August 2021 Page 1 of 58 Foxclone V46 Return to contents Contents Contents ................................................................................................................................ 2 What is it? ............................................................................................................................. 4 How should it be used? ......................................................................................................... 5 Installation ............................................................................................................................ 6 Linux ....................................................................................................................... 6 Windows .................................................................................................................... 8 Boot ................................................................................................................................... 9 The desktop ......................................................................................................................... 11 Foxclone .............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Peertube Has Worked Twice As Hard to Free Your Videos from Youtube !
    PeerTube has worked twice as hard to free your videos from YouTube ! Thanks to your donations, we have been developing a software to free us all from YouTube & Co for a year. Why have we gone much further than the first release, (crowdfunded in the spring of 2018), you might ask? Well, that’s because we sincerely believe in the emancipatory power of PeerTube. This article is a part of « Contributopia’s travel journals ». From October to December of 2019, we will assess our many (donations-founded) actions, which are tax-deductible for French taxpayers. Donate here if you can. La version originale (en Français) de cet article est à lire ici. Federation and instances to avoid creating a new tech giant PeerTube’s aim is to create an emancipatory alternative to centralized platforms a la YouTube. In a centralized service, you sign-up with a single address, and each and every of your actions, videos and data are gathered on a single huge computer. For example, Google’s, that hosts YouTube (to be precise, they are server farms rather than huge computers, but on a symbolic level it is the same thing!). Centralisation, CC-By SA Fédération, CC-By SA LILA LILA PeerTube is a software. It can be installed on a server by anyone possessing the appropriate skills; say, for the sake of argument, Bernadette, College X and karate club Y. This is called an instance, i.e. a PeerTube host. In concrete terms, hosting an instance creates a website (let’s say, BernadetTube.fr, CollegeTube.org or KarateTube.net) on which you can watch videos and sign-up, so you can interact or upload your own content.
    [Show full text]
  • Building Ipv6 Based Tunneling Mechanisms for Voip Security
    WK,QWHUQDWLRQDO0XOWL&RQIHUHQFHRQ6\VWHPV6LJQDOV 'HYLFHV Building IPv6 Based Tunneling Mechanisms for VoIP Security Amzari J. Ghazali, Waleed Al-Nuaimy, Ali Al-Ataby, Majid A. Al-Taee Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics University of Liverpool, UK e-mail: {amzari.ghazali, wax, ali.ataby, altaeem}@liv.ac.uk Abstract—Internet protocol version 6 (IPv6) was such as Toredo, 6to4 and manual configuration [4]. developed to resolve the IPv4 address exhaustion Despite the benefits of using IPv6, there are still problem and support new features. However, IPv6 still challenges and obstacles in implementing and comprises some defectiveness of IPv4 protocol such as practically using IPv6 VoIP [5]. The issues of the multimedia security. This paper presents IPv6-based transition from the current IPv4 network to IPv6 as tunneling mechanisms for securing Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) network traffic using OpenSwan IPSec well as VoIP performance for both IP versions need (site-to-site). IPSec with Triple Data Encryption to be assessed and compared. Algorithm (3DES) is used to create a Virtual Private Evaluation of VoIP performance with IPSec in Network (VPN) on top of existing physical networks. IPv4, IPv6 and 6to4 networks using Teredo for NAT Secure communication mechanisms can therefore be provided for data and control information transmitted traversal in a test LAN was previously reported in between networks. Secure VoIP-oriented mechanisms [6]. The testbed used softphones to setup calls, and on VPN IPv6 have been designed, implemented and background traffic was generated to create congestion tested successfully using open source approaches. The on the links and routers. The results demonstrated the performance of the IPv6 VoIP network is assessed feasibility of using a single Linux box to handle experimentally in terms of several performance metrics IPSec, 6to4 and NAT processing, and it was found including jitter, throughput and packet loss rate.
    [Show full text]
  • Challenges in the Decentralised Web: the Mastodon Case∗
    Challenges in the Decentralised Web: The Mastodon Case∗ Aravindh Raman1, Sagar Joglekar1, Emiliano De Cristofaro2;3, Nishanth Sastry1, and Gareth Tyson3;4 1King’s College London, 2University College London, 3Alan Turing Institute, 4Queen Mary University of London faravindh.raman,sagar.joglekar,[email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract cols to let instances interact and aggregate their users to offer a globally integrated service. The Decentralised Web (DW) has recently seen a renewed mo- DW platforms intend to offer a number of benefits. For ex- mentum, with a number of DW platforms like Mastodon, Peer- ample, data is spread among many independent instances, thus Tube, and Hubzilla gaining increasing traction. These offer al- possibly making privacy-intrusive data mining more difficult. ternatives to traditional social networks like Twitter, YouTube, Data ownership is more transparent, and the lack of centralisa- and Facebook, by enabling the operation of web infrastruc- tion could make the overall system more robust against techni- ture and services without centralised ownership or control. cal, legal or regulatory attacks. Although their services differ greatly, modern DW platforms mostly rely on two key innovations: first, their open source However, these properties may also bring inherent chal- software allows anybody to setup independent servers (“in- lenges that are difficult to avoid, particularly when consid- stances”) that people can sign-up to and use within a local ering the natural pressures towards centralisation in both so- community; and second, they build on top of federation pro- cial [12, 49] and economic [42] systems.
    [Show full text]
  • Ubuntu: Unleashed 2017 Edition
    Matthew Helmke with Andrew Hudson and Paul Hudson Ubuntu UNLEASHED 2017 Edition 800 East 96th Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46240 USA Ubuntu Unleashed 2017 Edition Editor-in-Chief Copyright © 2017 by Pearson Education, Inc. Mark Taub All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This publication is protected Acquisitions Editor by copyright, and permission must be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohib- Debra Williams ited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information Cauley regarding permissions, request forms and the appropriate contacts within the Pearson Managing Editor Education Global Rights & Permissions Department, please visit www.pearsoned.com/ permissions/. Sandra Schroeder Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their Project Editor products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and Lori Lyons the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed with initial capital letters or in all capitals. Production Manager The author and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book, but make Dhayanidhi no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in Proofreader connection with or arising out of the use of the information or programs contained Sasirekha herein. Technical Editor For information about buying this title in bulk quantities, or for special sales opportunities (which may include electronic versions; custom cover designs; and content José Antonio Rey particular to your business, training goals, marketing focus, or branding interests), Editorial Assistant please contact our corporate sales department at [email protected] or (800) 382-3419.
    [Show full text]