Darkling Beetles a CAROLINA™ Caresheet

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Darkling Beetles a CAROLINA™ Caresheet Darkling Beetles A CAROLINA™ CareSheet Care and handling Darkling Beetles are the adult stage of over 20,000 species; however, we use Darkling Beetle to refer to the adult of the Superworm (Zophobas morio). If you are interested in the adult of Tenebrio molitor, see the Mealworm CareSheet. The larval stage of Zophobas is known as the Superworm and has its own CareSheet. Habitat A terrarium makes a good habitat for this beetle. Put 1 ½ to 2” of potting soil in the bottom of the tank. Cover the surface with paper towels, leaf litter, or bran meal/oat flakes. They do best in dark, cool, dry places. Maintenance These beetles extract water from their food. Additionally, their hard carapace is covered with a wax-like substance that prevents water from evaporating from their bodies. If you wish to give supplemental water, place a moistened sponge or cotton wick into the habitat Adult Darkling Beetles are scavengers, eating both fresh and decaying vegetation. In nature, they feed on dried or rotting plant matter. In captivity, they feed on bran meal, apples, oranges, potatoes, cucumber, romaine lettuce, and pears. Remove uneaten food before it molds. Darkling beetles are active both during the day and at night. With simple care, they can live from three months to over a year. FAQ’s Can these beetles bite? No, they are completely harmless. Their only defense is to release a mildly offensive odor. Can Darkling Beetles be held in a refrigerator? No, temperatures below 15.5ºC (60ºF) may kill the beetles. Can these beetles be released? No, they are native to South and Central America. They have the potential to survive and establish themselves in the wild in the southern United States. Unwanted Darkling Beetles should be frozen or fed to a pet reptile or amphibian. Problems? We hope not, but if so contact us. We want you to have a good experience. Orders and replacements: 1-800-334-5551 then select Customer Service Technical Support and Questions: [email protected] © 2010 Carolina Biological Supply Company .
Recommended publications
  • Two Additional Invasive Scarabaeoid Beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) in Hawaii
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Papers in Entomology Museum, University of Nebraska State 12-2009 Two Additional Invasive Scarabaeoid Beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) in Hawaii Mary Liz Jameson Wichita State University, [email protected] Darcy E. Oishi 2Hawaii Department of Agriculture, Plant Pest Control Branch, Honolulu, [email protected] Brett C. Ratcliffe University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Grant T. McQuate USDA-ARS-PBARC, U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Hilo, HI, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/entomologypapers Part of the Entomology Commons Jameson, Mary Liz; Oishi, Darcy E.; Ratcliffe, Brett C.; and McQuate, Grant T., "Two Additional Invasive Scarabaeoid Beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) in Hawaii" (2009). Papers in Entomology. 147. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/entomologypapers/147 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Museum, University of Nebraska State at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Papers in Entomology by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. AProcddition. HawaiianAl inv AEsiventomol scA.r SAocbs. in(2009) HAwA 41:25–30ii 25 Two Additional Invasive Scarabaeoid Beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) in Hawaii Mary Liz Jameson1, Darcy E. Oishi2, Brett C. Ratcliffe3, and Grant T. McQuate4 1Wichita State University, Department of Biological Sciences, 537 Hubbard Hall, Wichita, Kansas 67260 [email protected]; 2Hawaii Department of Agriculture, Plant Pest Control Branch, 1428 South King St., Honolulu, HI 96814 [email protected]; 3University of Nebraska State Museum, Systematics Research Collections, W436 Nebraska Hall, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588 [email protected]; 4USDA-ARS-PBARC, U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Mountain Pine Beetle Voltinism and Life History Characteristics Across Latitudinal and Elevational Gradients in the Western United States
    For. Sci. 60(3):434–449 FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH http://dx.doi.org/10.5849/forsci.13-056 entomology & pathology Mountain Pine Beetle Voltinism and Life History Characteristics across Latitudinal and Elevational Gradients in the Western United States Barbara Bentz, James Vandygriff, Camille Jensen, Tom Coleman, Patricia Maloney, Sheri Smith, Amanda Grady, and Greta Schen-Langenheim Substantial genetic variation in development time is known to exist among mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) populations across the western United States. The effect of this variation on geographic patterns in voltinism (generation time) and thermal requirements to produce specific voltinism pathways have not been investigated. The influence of voltinism on fitness traits, body size, and sex ratio is also unclear. We monitored mountain pine beetle voltinism, adult body size, sex ratio, and air temperatures at sites across latitudinal and elevational gradients in the western United States. With the exception of two sites at the coolest and warmest locations, the number of days required to complete a generation was similar. Thermal units required to achieve a generation, however, were significantly less for individuals at the coolest sites. Evolved adaptations explain this pattern, including developmental rates and thresholds that serve to synchronize cohorts and minimize cold-sensitive life stages in winter. These same adaptations reduce the capacity of mountain pine beetle at the warmest sites to take full advantage of increased thermal units, limiting the capacity for bivoltinism within the current realized distribution. Temperature was not correlated with adult size and sex ratio, and size was greatest in host trees other than lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl.).
    [Show full text]
  • Lesser Mealworm, Litter Beetle, Alphitobius Diaperinus (Panzer) (Insecta: Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)1 James C
    EENY-367 Lesser Mealworm, Litter Beetle, Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) (Insecta: Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)1 James C. Dunford and Phillip E. Kaufman2 Introduction encountered in stored products (Green 1980). The other known species in the United States, A. laevigatus (Fabricius) The lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer), is or black fungus beetle, is less commonly encountered and a cosmopolitan general stored products pest of particular may also vector pathogens and parasites and occasionally importance as a vector and competent reservoir of several cause damage to poultry housing. poultry pathogens and parasites. It can also cause damage to poultry housing and is suspected to be a health risk to humans in close contact with larvae and adults. Adults can become a nuisance when they move en masse toward artificial lights generated by residences near fields where beetle-infested manure has been spread (Axtell 1999). Alphitobius diaperinus inhabits poultry droppings and litter and is considered a significant pest in the poultry industry. Numerous studies have been conducted on lesser meal- worm biology, physiology, and management. Lambkin (2001) conducted a thorough review of relevant scientific literature in reference to A. diaperinus and provides a good understanding of the biology, ecology and bionomics of the pest. Bruvo et al. (1995) conducted molecular work to determine satellite DNA variants on the chromosomes of A. diaperinus. Alphitobius diaperinus is a member of the tenebrionid tribe Alphitobiini (Doyen 1989), which comprises four genera worldwide (Aalbu et al. 2002). Two genera occur Figure 1. Adult male lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer). in the United States, of which there are two species in the This specimen taken from Henderson County, North Carolina.
    [Show full text]
  • Contribution of Honeybees Towards the Net Environmental Benefits of Food
    Science of the Total Environment 756 (2021) 143880 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Science of the Total Environment journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/scitotenv Contribution of honeybees towards the net environmental benefits of food Jani Sillman a,⁎, Ville Uusitalo a, Tuire Tapanen a, Anneli Salonen b, Risto Soukka a, Helena Kahiluoto a a LUT University, School of Energy Systems, Sustainability Science, P.O. Box 20, 53851 Lappeenranta, Finland b Finnish beekeepers' association, Ullanlinnankatu 1 A 3, 00130 Helsinki, Finland HIGHLIGHTS GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT • Shifts in distances to planetary bound- aries were quantified using LCA. • Beekeeping reduced environmental im- pacts of protein and sugar systems. • Water use was reduced more than land use and climate change. • Sugar use and transportation induced most beekeeping impacts. • Including pollination revealed the net- positive impact of beekeeping. article info abstract Article history: Beekeeping provides honey, protein-containing drone broods and pollen, and yield-increasing pollination ser- Received 3 June 2020 vices. This study tested the hypothesis that beekeeping can result in net-positive impacts, if pollination services Received in revised form 17 November 2020 and protein-containing by-products are utilised. As a case example, Finnish beekeeping practices were used. The Accepted 17 November 2020 study was performed using two different approaches. In both approaches, the evaluated impacts were related to Available online 3 December 2020 climate change, land use, and freshwater use, and were scaled down to represent one beehive. The first approach Editor: Deyi Hou considered honey production with pollination services and the replacement of alternative products with co- products. The impacts were normalised to correspond with planetary boundary criteria.
    [Show full text]
  • Artikel-Preisliste Käfer
    [email protected] Artikel-Preisliste Tel.: +49 5043 98 99 747 Fax: +49 5043 98 99 749 Weitere Informationen zu unseren Produkten sowie aktuelle Angebote finden Sie in unserem Shop: www.thepetfactory.de Art.-Nr. Artikelbezeichnung Ihr Preis MwSt.-Satz * Käfer - Imagines METUFM Mecynorrhina torquata ugandensis FARBMORPHE - 79,50 € 1 PAAEMI Pachnoda aemula - Stückpreis 9,95 € 1 EUMOI Eudicella morgani - Stückpreis 14,50 € 1 PAMPI Pachnoda marginata peregrina - Stückpreis 3,95 € 1 METIM Mecynorrhina torquata immaculicollis - Stückpreis 34,50 € 1 CETSPK1 Pseudinca camerunensis - Stückpreis 14,95 € 1 PSEMAR Pseudinca marmorata 12,95 € 1 DIMIIM Dicronorhina micans - Pärchen 39,95 € 1 PASFI Pachnoda flaviventris - Stückpreis 6,95 € 1 PRFORMOI Protaetia formosana 11,95 € 1 JURUI Jumnos ruckeri 24,95 € 1 EUSPWI Eudicella schultzeorum pseudowoermanni - Stückpreis 16,95 € 1 COLORI Coelorrhina loricata Imago - Stückpreis 19,95 € 1 ANTSXMA Anthia sexmaculata - Stückpreis 19,50 € 1 PAPRASI Pachnoda prasina 29,95 € 1 PAISKUU Pachnoda iskuulka NEUE ART!!! 29,95 € 1 ZOMOIM Zophobas morio Käfer 3,95 € 1 PRPRPad Protaetia pryeri pryeri 14,95 € 1 CESPECYAAD Cetonischema speciosa cyanochlora 49,95 € 1 - 1 GRAPTRILBRSA 24,95 € 1 ORYSPECRSA Oryctes spec. RSA Paar 49,95 € 1 PASFIRSA Pachnoda flaviventris RSA WC 11,95 € 1 DISRUFRSA Dischista rufa RSA WC 14,95 € 1 PORHEBRSA Porphyronota hebreae RSA 29,95 € 1 PLAPLARSA Plaesiorrhinella plana RSA 12,50 € 1 ANTBIGUVRSA Anthia biguttata var. RSA 29,50 € 1 ANTBIGURSA Anthia biguttata RSA 29,50 € 1 CYALRSA Cypholoba alveolata RSA 44,95 € 1 ANSCULRSA Anomalipus sculpturatus RSA 24,50 € 1 ANTMAXRSA Anthia maxillosa RSA 44,95 € 1 CYPGRAPRSA Cypholoba graphipteroides RSA 22,50 € 1 TEFMEYRSA Tefflus meyerlei RSA 27,95 € 1 PLATRIVRSA Plaesiorrhinella trivittata RSA 12,50 € 1 ANELERSA Anomalipus elephas RSA 24,50 € 1 GONOTIBRSA Gonopus tibialis RSA 24,50 € 1 PSAMVIRRSA Psammodes virago TOKTOK RSA 29,95 € 1 ANSPEC1RSA Anomalipus spec.
    [Show full text]
  • FALL 2007 Center for Biological Diversity FALL 2007 1 Advocacy Spotlight Michael J
    Endangered INSIDE THIS ISSUE earth l Long Way Home The jaguar—despite a wild Unsafe Harbor population just 130 miles south of Arizona’s border with Court blocks Shell Oil plan to drill in Mexico—faces a much longer road back to the U.S. ...page 2 Beaufort Sea offshore of Arctic Refuge he Beaufort Sea off the north temporary reprieve Aug. 15, when l Program News coast of Alaska is a seasonally the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals Penguins march toward Tfrozen home to threatened and issued an injunction blocking Shell’s protection, we say no to endangered animals such as bowhead dangerous designs. snagging sea turtles, beach whales, polar bears, and spectacled The rapidly shrinking sea ice in mice trump Gulf Coast resorts eiders. Unfortunately, it is also severely the Beaufort Sea threatens to drive again, and more. ...page 4 threatened by the intertwined forces polar bears to extinction by mid- of global warming and oil development— century or sooner. If the species is to most recently, by Shell Oil’s plans to have any hope of survival, we must not l D.C. Update: Inside the Beltway drill exploratory wells in waters only drastically reduce greenhouse gas Every dodo gets its day in just offshore of the Arctic National emissions to slow the warming of the an administration hostile to Wildlife Refuge. Arctic, but also protect the bear’s critical science and endangered But thanks to the efforts of the habitat from industrial developments. species. ...page 7 Center and our allies, the Beaufort Shell’s exploration plan—recently Sea and its imperiled denizens won a approved by the Bush administration— l In Remembrance Two longtime supporters leave lasting legacies to plants and wildlife.
    [Show full text]
  • Entomophagy: a Narrative Review on Nutritional Value, Safety, Cultural Acceptance and a Focus on the Role of Food Neophobia in Italy
    Review Entomophagy: A Narrative Review on Nutritional Value, Safety, Cultural Acceptance and A Focus on the Role of Food Neophobia in Italy Elisabetta Toti 1,* , Luca Massaro 1, Aisha Kais 1, Paola Aiello 2,3, Maura Palmery 2 and Ilaria Peluso 1 1 Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA-AN), 00142 Rome, Italy; [email protected] (L.M.); [email protected] (A.K.); [email protected] (I.P.) 2 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; [email protected] (P.A.); [email protected] (M.P.) 3 Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Murcia (UCAM), 30107 Murcia, Spain * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +39-06-51494624 Received: 24 April 2020; Accepted: 1 June 2020; Published: 3 June 2020 Abstract: In recent years, the consumption of insects, or entomophagy, has produced an increasing interest amongst scientists and ecologists as a potential source of animal protein. Eating insects is also interesting in terms of low greenhouse gas emissions and low land use. In contrast to tropical countries, where most of the 2000 edible insect species are traditionally consumed, the concept of eating insects is still new to Western culture and diet. Culture and eating habits exert a great influence on what is considered edible in the Mediterranean area, especially in Italy, where the preservation of culinary traditions is a predominant factor affecting dietary behaviour. The purpose of this narrative paper is to provide an overview of the main topics related to entomophagy.
    [Show full text]
  • Characterization of Mealworm Powder and Its Fortification in All-Purpose
    i UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL OKLAHOMA Edmond, Oklahoma Jackson College of Graduate Studies Characterization of Mealworm Powder and its Fortification In all-purpose Flour Bread A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE FACULTY In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN NUTRITION AND FOOD SCINECE By Mojdeh Akbaran Edmond, Oklahoma Date 02/08/2019 iii To my father, Ghasem Ali Akbaran And my mother, Mohtaram Ghazanfari iv Table of Contents List of Figures ......................................................................................................... vii List of Tables ............................................................................................................ ix Acknowledgment ....................................................................................................... x Abstract ................................................................................................................... xi 1.1 CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION .................................................................. 1 Research Question: .................................................................................................................... 4 Objective One ............................................................................................................................. 4 Objective Two ............................................................................................................................ 4 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW ..........................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Darkling Beetles and Mealworms Theresa A
    Darkling Beetles and Mealworms Theresa A. Dellinger and Eric R. Day, Department of Entomology, Virginia Tech Description Darkling beetles belong in the beetle family Tenebrionidae, which consists of more than 20,000 species of beetles. Adult darkling beetles widely range in shape and size, with most measuring from 2 – 19 mm (0.13” – 0.75”). Adults are usually a reddish-brown to brownish-black in color and can be shiny or dull. The elytra (the wing covers) can be smooth, grooved, or otherwise sculptured. Most do not have colorful patterns on their wing covers. Adults are most active at night and tend to avoid bright lights. Darkling beetle larvae are often referred to as mealworms or false wireworms. They are long, hard-bodied grubs with a cylindrical shape and are shiny yellow-brown to darKer brown in color. They are active crawlers. Yellow mealworm larva, top. Dark mealworm larva, bottom. Clemson University-USDA Cooperative Adult yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor. Extension Slide Series, Bugwood.org. Clemson University-USDA Cooperative Extension Slide Series, Bugwood.org. Life Cycle Darkling beetles have a complete life cycle with egg, larval, pupal, and adult stages. Most species of darkling beetles have a slow rate of development and may live for a year as an adult. Species living on grains or other stored products may develop faster. Habitat/Distribution Darkling beetles are found throughout the world except for places with very cold climates. They are scavengers and omnivores, feeding on decomposing plant material, dead insects, fungi, and stored products. Only a handful of darkling beetles are considered pests; the vast majority of them live in the wild and pose no harm.
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolution and Genomic Basis of Beetle Diversity
    The evolution and genomic basis of beetle diversity Duane D. McKennaa,b,1,2, Seunggwan Shina,b,2, Dirk Ahrensc, Michael Balked, Cristian Beza-Bezaa,b, Dave J. Clarkea,b, Alexander Donathe, Hermes E. Escalonae,f,g, Frank Friedrichh, Harald Letschi, Shanlin Liuj, David Maddisonk, Christoph Mayere, Bernhard Misofe, Peyton J. Murina, Oliver Niehuisg, Ralph S. Petersc, Lars Podsiadlowskie, l m l,n o f l Hans Pohl , Erin D. Scully , Evgeny V. Yan , Xin Zhou , Adam Slipinski , and Rolf G. Beutel aDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152; bCenter for Biodiversity Research, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152; cCenter for Taxonomy and Evolutionary Research, Arthropoda Department, Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, 53113 Bonn, Germany; dBavarian State Collection of Zoology, Bavarian Natural History Collections, 81247 Munich, Germany; eCenter for Molecular Biodiversity Research, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, 53113 Bonn, Germany; fAustralian National Insect Collection, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; gDepartment of Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Institute for Biology I (Zoology), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; hInstitute of Zoology, University of Hamburg, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany; iDepartment of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Wien, Wien 1030, Austria; jChina National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, 518083 Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; kDepartment of Integrative Biology, Oregon State
    [Show full text]
  • Antimicrobial Effect of Zophobas Morio Hemolymph Against Bovine
    microorganisms Article Antimicrobial Effect of Zophobas morio Hemolymph against Bovine Mastitis Pathogens Mengze Du y, Xiaodan Liu y, Jiajia Xu , Shuxian Li, Shenghua Wang, Yaohong Zhu and Jiufeng Wang * Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; [email protected] (M.D.); [email protected] (X.L.); [email protected] (J.X.); [email protected] (S.L.); [email protected] (S.W.); [email protected] (Y.Z.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-1355-221-6698 These authors contributed equally to this work. y Received: 2 September 2020; Accepted: 25 September 2020; Published: 28 September 2020 Abstract: Coliforms and Staphylococcus spp. infections are the leading causes of bovine mastitis. Despite extensive research and development in antibiotics, they have remained inadequately effective in treating bovine mastitis induced by multiple pathogen infection. In the present study, we showed the protective effect of Zophobas morio (Z. morio) hemolymph on bovine mammary epithelial cells against bacterial infection. Z. morio hemolymph directly kills both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria through membrane permeation and prevents the adhesion of E. coli or the clinically isolated S. simulans strain to bovine mammary epithelial (MAC-T) cells. In addition, Z. morio hemolymph downregulates the expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor family member pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), caspase-1, and NLRP6, as well as inhibits the secretion of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18, which attenuates E. coli or S. simulans-induced pyroptosis. Overall, our results suggest the potential role of Z. morio hemolymph as a novel therapeutic candidate for bovine mastitis.
    [Show full text]
  • Zophobas Morio Zophobas Morio ) Are a 2” Long Larva That Is a Very Popular) Area2”Longlarvathatisvery © Do Not Copy Withoutpermission© Donotcopy
    Superworm Zophobas morio By Cody Castellanos General Information: Superworms ( Zophobas morio ) are a 2” long larva that is a very popular feeder for reptiles. Because of their size and movement they’ll easily catch the attention of your animals. They are naturally large and have no growth hormones unlike the giant mealworm. They are native to tropical Central and South America. The total life span for a superworm is a little over a year from egg to beetle. Housing: They can be placed in any container that you may have. Make sure that the container is high enough so they can’t climb out. Usually tubs 5”+ high is suffi cient. I’ve found that plastic Rubbermaid tubs usually work best. Heat & Light - Lighting is not needed as they like darkness. The best temperatures are in the mid 70s to the low 80s. If superworms are overheated you will notice a signifi cant die off. Also never refrigerate superworms! They can’t take cold temperatures and death will be the result. Food & Water: Superworms will eat just about anything. Keep them in 1-4” of wheat bran, oats or a highly nutritious gutload. Make sure to gutload all food items for 24 hours prior to feeding. Gutloading is feeding very nutritious/high quality foods to prey prior to feeding to your animals. There are also many commercially available products that are in powder form. I make and use Pro Gutload for all my feeders. Gutloading will ensure a healthier insect and in the long run a healthier animal. Water - Things like carrots, potatoes, fruits etc are all suitable for moisture.
    [Show full text]