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Escort Notes Table of Introduction Escort Notes Table of Introduction Contents South Dakota is the land of Great Faces and Great Places. From our rolling prairies to the breathtaking beauty of the Black Hills, the Mount Rushmore State is a place you 1 Introduction have to see to believe. South Dakota’s rich culture, heritage and history are showcased at the many attractions found 2 South Dakota History within our borders. From awe-inspiring Mount Rushmore National Memorial and Crazy Horse Memorial, to the 5 Tourism Regions Mighty Missouri River, Fort Sisseton Historic State Park and the World’s Only Corn Palace, South Dakota won’t 8 Major Attractions be a place you soon forget. 12 The Great Sioux Nation Native Americans such as the Arikara, Mandan, and tribes of the Great Sioux Nation were among the first inhabitants 16 Looking Out the Window of these lands. According to many accounts, white men first entered South Dakota in 1743 when the Verendrye 24 Lewis and Clark brothers claimed the region for France. Fur traders soon followed. And in 1804, explorers Meriwether Lewis and 34 Did You Know? William Clark made their famous trek up the Missouri River, which bisects the state. 38 Legends and Lore Today, South Dakota’s economy relies heavily on agriculture. 44 Trivia The rich soil of eastern South Dakota supports a variety of crops, while cattle and sheep graze on the sprawling 46 Tunnels, Trails, Byways ranches of the western plains. The state ranks high in the production of beef cattle, hogs, buffalo and sheep. South 48 More Information Dakota is also a leading producer of honey, oats, rye, sunflowers, spring wheat, soybeans and corn. But the resource South Dakota is most proud of is its South Dakota Office of Tourism people. The friendliness and hospitality of South Dakotans 711 E. Wells Ave. keep visitors returning year after year. Pierre, SD, USA 57501-3369 Phone: (605) 773-3301 Fax: (605) 773-5657 www.TravelSD.com Please note: South Dakota Tourism makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of these listings, but changes sometimes occur without prior knowledge. South Dakota Tourism cannot be held liable in the event of errors or omissions in listings. The use of the names of private companies in this guide is for information purposes only and does not imply endorsement by any state or federal agency. For detailed information about South Dakota, along with assistance for planning your group tour, check out: www.TourSDakota.com or email 1 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] 65 million years ago 1804-06 1868 Dinosaurs roam western Explorers Meriwether Lewis The Fort Laramie Treaty South Dakota South Dakota. and William Clark pass creates the Great Sioux through present-day South Reservation west of the 30 million years ago small Dakota on their way to and Missouri River. three-toed horses live in the from the Pacific Ocean. History Badlands. 1869 1809 The first of many Bohemians 500-800 A.D. Manuel Lisa organizes local file claims in Dakota Territory. Semi-nomadic Mound fur trade between the St. Louis Builders inhabit northeastern Fur Company and tribes 1873 South Dakota. along the Missouri River. Germans begin to arrive in Dakota Territory. The influx 1500 1831 of settlers of Swedish, Finnish, The Arikara, or Ree Indians, The Yellowstone, the first Polish, Dutch and Swiss move into South Dakota. steamboat on the Missouri descent is underway as well. River, paddles to Fort Tecumseh 1682 (present-day Fort Pierre) 1874 All land drained by the The first group of Hutterites Mississippi River system, 1831 arrives in Dakota Territory including South Dakota, Fort Pierre Choteau, the first to establish colonies in is proclaimed for France. permanent white settlement eastern South Dakota. in South Dakota, is established. 1700s 1874 The tribes of the Great 1859 Gold is discovered in the Black FAST FACTS Sioux Nation begin moving Norwegians begin to Hills by an expedition led by into South Dakota. establish claims near the Lt. Col. George A. Custer. Vermillion and James rivers. Population 754,844 1743 They were the forerunners 1876 Land Area 77,123 square miles The Verendrye brothers of thousands of Norwegians Mining camps spring up in Highest Elevation Harney Peak, 7,242 feet from Canada bury an who settled in South Dakota. the Black Hills during the Lowest Elevation Big Stone Lake, 962 feet inscribed lead plate near Gold Rush. Nickname The Mount Rushmore State Fort Pierre, claiming the 1860s Statehood 1889, 40th state to enter the Union region for France. Settlers of Irish descent make 1878 homes in South Dakota. Pioneering farmers begin Capital Pierre (pronounced peer) 1803 the rush for land known as Time Zones Central and Mountain The United States buys 1861 the “Great Dakota Boom.” Economy Agriculture, tourism, manufacturing, present-day South Dakota Dakota Territory is organized. services, retail from France as part of the It includes present-day North Louisiana Purchase. and South Dakota, much of Wyoming and Montana. Yankton is named territorial capital. 2 3 1889 1930 1973 The Land Act of March 1889 The drought, grasshopper About 200 armed members establishes the six current plague and depression mark of the American Indian reservations in South Dakota. hard times. Movement (AIM) occupy Later that year, South Dakota Wounded Knee to protest becomes a state. 1939 policies towards Native President Franklin D. Americans. 1890 Roosevelt creates Badlands More than 250 Lakota people National Park. 1989 Tourism are killed by government South Dakota celebrates its troops in what came to be 1941 centennial. known as the Wounded Work on Mount Rushmore Knee Massacre. National Memorial ends. 1991 Regions Mount Rushmore National 1900 1944 Memorial celebrates its Jewel Cave is discovered; The Flood Control Act golden anniversary. eight years later it becomes provides for dams along the a national monument. Missouri River. 1998 The face of Crazy Horse Great Lakes Glacial 1903 1948 on the world-famous Crazy Wind Cave becomes a Work begins on Crazy Horse Horse mountain carving is Lakes & national park, the first cave Memorial. dedicated. Work continues Prairies designated as part of the on the rest of the colossal national park system. 1966 sculpture. Black Hills, The Pathfinder Atomic Badlands 1927 Power Plant near Sioux Falls 2004-2006 Work begins on Mount begins producing electricity. South Dakota commemorated & Lakes Rushmore National the 200th anniversary of the Southeast Memorial. Lewis and Clark Expedition. 4 5 Black Hills, Glacial Lakes Badlands & Lakes & Prairies The Black Hills, an island of forested mountains rising from Glaciers once covered the northeastern region of South a sea of prairie, and nearby Badlands are home to majestic Dakota. As they moved, they scoured and scraped the landscapes, free-roaming buffalo herds and diverse wildlife. earth - leveling it in some places, building it up in others Mount Rushmore National Memorial, Crazy Horse Memorial, and scooping out potholes in yet more places. The melting two national parks, two national monuments, a national Glacial Lakes glaciers filled the chain of potholes forming lakes. French forest, a national historic site and one of the country’s largest & Prairies Tourism explorers dubbed this undulating terrain the coteau des Black Hills, state parks are located here. Association prairies or hills of the prairie. Badlands & Lakes Association Old West legend and lore is alive and well in Deadwood PO Box 244, The rolling landscape is home to 15 state parks and where gaming is once again legal. This region is rich with 1200 33rd St. S.E. recreation areas, two national wildlife refuges, De Smet, the 1851 Discovery Circle Native American artistry and history. The Lakota named Watertown, SD 57201-0244 “Little Town on the Prairie” made famous by author Laura Rapid City, SD 57701 the area Paha Sapa or Black Hills. A thick forest of pine and (605) 886-7305 or Ingalls Wilder, and boundless water recreation at the area’s (605) 355-3600 spruce trees cover the slopes making them appear black from 1-800-244-8860 120 lakes. This region also hosts a festival at one of the best Fax: (605) 355-3601 a distance. You’ll find grassy mountain meadows, towering Fax: (605) 886-7935 preserved frontier forts in the country, gaming action at www.blackhillsbadlands.com granite peaks, deep canyons, cascading trout streams and www.sdglaciallakes.com casinos near Watertown and Flandreau, and 150 original [email protected] clear, clean lakes. [email protected] artworks at the Redlin Art Center. Great Lakes Southeast In the center of South Dakota, the Missouri River and its The sophisticated atmosphere of the state’s largest city mingles high, rugged and grassy bluffs form a bridge between the with the charm of rural Americana in an alluring combination gently rolling ranch country of the west and the tabletop in the southeast region of South Dakota. Sioux Falls, named flatness of the east. The Missouri River and its reservoirs for the Falls of the Big Sioux River, features upscale restaurants, offer vast expanses of open water and 3,000 miles (4,830 km) quirky shops, ethnic boutiques and historical districts. Area Great Lakes of shoreline. The reservoirs, formed by four huge, rolled-earth Southeast museums, like the Dakota Discovery Museum in Mitchell, of South Dakota dams, afford recreation, world-class fishing and nearby South Dakota celebrate the region’s pioneering history and heritage. Association top-notch hunting opportunities. Tourism Association Many smaller scenic rivers accent the mighty Missouri River, PO Box 786 Lewis and Clark followed the Missouri River through present- 1101 Broadway, Suite 113 which also flows through this region. Located within southeast Pierre, SD 57501 day South Dakota in 1804.
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