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Fretting About Fleas Pest Advice Sheet PestAware Advice Sheet Fretting about fleas? British Pest Control Association ‘Fretting about fleas?’ pest awareness advice BPCA is the trade association for prevention advice, and help you find and are packed with practical the professional pest management an appropriately trained and trusted advice and tips for getting to sector. It’s our role to help everyone pest management company. Our grips with British pest species. understand the importance of PestAware guides are designed proper pest control, provide pest for home and business owners Version 1, September 2019. bpca.org.uk/pestaware 01332 294 288 Driving excellence in pest management @britpestcontrol Fretting about fleas? Pest advice for controlling Fleas Is your pet fidgeting and scratching an unusual amount? Spotted “A flea bite on humans can get infected from something jumping around on the prolonged itching. Flea bites have been known carpet? If you find yourself fretting to cause skin complaints, and can also exacerbate about fleas, you’re in the right place. respiratory illnesses and cause complications” Discovering there are fleas in your home is distressing and, In this guide which can be caused by prolonged due to their lifecycle, can be The dangers: why itching when left untreated. an uphill battle to control. we control fleas Types of flea in the UK Flea bites have been known to Whether you’re thinking about Habitat: how fleas cause skin complaints, and can also doing some DIY flea pest control or choose a home exacerbate respiratory illnesses you’re looking to enlist the help of Where do fleas come from? and cause complications. a professional pest management The tell-tale signs company, this guide is for you. fleas are about Risk to pets Why are fleas more If your pet has fleas, it will suffer common in summer? from a great deal of discomfort Flea biology and behaviour and could also have an allergic Appearance reaction to the flea’s saliva. Mating and lifespan Other characteristics Lengthy periods of infestation can What do fleas eat? cause your pet to develop anemia The difference between from the loss of blood, although this fleas, ticks and mites is rare (see fleas on pets section). Fleas on pets Flea treatment for pets How to treat a flea bite Allergic reaction to flea bites How to prevent fleas Getting rid of fleas Before treatment DIY flea control Fleas are related to Diptera Professional pest control (true flies) and were once Finding a pest controller free-living, flying insects. Studies show Black Death, to get rid of fleas. responsible for wiping out 15% of London’s population in the 17th century, may not have been spread by rat-borne flea Fleas are ectoparasitic insects, The dangers: bites but rare human fleas. meaning they live on the outside why we control fleas of a host animal. They feed on the blood of mammals and birds. It’s Risk to people Types of flea in the UK estimated that there are around In the UK at least, fleas do not 2,500 species of flea in the world. commonly spread disease. The most common species of flea in the UK is the Cat flea We get three types of flea in the UK. Although fleas do not pose a Ctenocephalides felis. The most common is the cat flea direct health risk, flea bites can Ctenocephalides felis. Less often, we cause intense irritation and itching They are an extremely common get dog fleas Ctenocephalides canis. to pets and humans alike. pest whose primary host is domestic While rare, we do occasionally get cats, but are known for readily human flea Pulex irritans infestations. The most problematic aspect of a biting humans and dogs too. flea bite on humans is the infection 4A Mallard Way, Pride Park, Derby, DE24 8GX Page 2 +44 (0)1332 294 288 @britpestcontrol Fretting about fleas? Pest advice for controlling Fleas That’s right - just because it’s called find out they have a flea infestation, a Cat flea, it doesn’t mean the pest When not feeding on a host, fleas as fleas are often associated won’t try and bite people too! are mainly active in communal with dirty environments. rooms, places where pets sleep and The Dog flea Ctenocephalides wherever there is most activity. But this is a common misconception canis can also use a variety of - fleas are not picky! mammals as a host, but primarily Fleas and their eggs can be targets dogs and cats. commonly found in soft furnishings Although a home or business Other types of flea to be which provide plenty of insulation, that isn’t vacuumed or cleaned aware of are; the Bird flea such as carpets, pet bedding, is more likely to provide a better Ceratophyllus gallinae and clothes and upholstered furniture. environment for fleas to thrive, they Feral cats, foxes and other wild animals are the most common carriers of flea parasites. Human flea Pulex irritans. The Bird flea only lives for a short time but is an impressive breeder, will also infest clean places in their multiplying in great numbers in If you have an active infestation, search for a warm-blooded host. habitats such as hen houses. you may see fleas jumping in your carpet and furniture. Either way, it is crucial to solve a flea Finally there are Human fleas, infestation without hesitation as which are now rare in the UK. Around 95% of flea eggs, they can quickly get out of control. They are a known carrier of larvae and pupae live in the environment, not on pets. Six tell-tale signs that fleas are about DID YOU KNOW? As flea eggs can survive 1. Pets constantly REMEMBER! In World War Two, Japan dormant for long periods of time, scratching, licking FLEAS WILL tried to use fleas carrying Y. sometimes up to 18 months, or biting themselves INFEST CLEAN pestis as a biological weapon, it’s possible that the infestation may be the first sign HOMES TOO dropping them in China. was a problem before you even 2. Seeing fleas or flea moved into your current home! droppings in the coat of your pet (easily spotted in light- plague Yersinia pestis. If you have pets, they can pick up coloured animals by brushing Habitat: how fleas fleas from other animals or places back the hair, in dark coated choose a home and give them a ride home. breeds it may be better to comb the animal over a sheet of paper) Fleas can live on any warm- And although it’s less common, so 3. The identity of the black specks blooded animal but are often can humans: the fleas will hitch a ride may be confirmed by adding found to be living on humans, on your clothes, your skin or hair. a few drops of water: if they domestic animals and rodents. People usually feel ashamed to turn red, your pet has fleas! 4A Mallard Way, Pride Park, Derby, DE24 8GX Page 3 +44 (0)1332 294 288 @britpestcontrol Fretting about fleas? ` Pest advice for controlling Fleas 4. Bites on you or other members Most species have backwardly Critically, they can’t lay viable of the household, usually directed spines, which are designed eggs in the absence of the around ankles and legs to help them grip onto their host. host animal blood meal. 5. If you have been holding or stroking a pet, you may Adult Dog fleas are on average When fully grown the larvae spin find bites on your arms 2mm in size and brownish-black well camouflaged, silken cocoons. 6. And the most obvious sign in colour (appearing to be more of a flea infestation? Seeing reddish-black after a blood meal). Once fully developed the adult them! When they aren’t busy waits within the cocoon until it leeching our AB positive, fleas Adult Cat fleas are generally detects the vibrations caused can often be spotted jumping bigger, on average 3mm in size. by a person or animal. around on soft furnishings. It can also detect pressure, Mating and lifespan heat, noise, or carbon dioxide Why are fleas more from potential hosts. common in summer? The lifecycle of the flea takes place in four clear stages: egg, O E CYCLE F A FLE Ideal temperatures for fleas sit at larva, pupa and imago (adult). LIF A to 8 months dependi eeks ng on between 21-29°C which is why, in 2 w env kes iro ta nm the UK, we find these pests are more Depending on cle EGGS en Cy t common during summer time. environmental conditions, Viable eggs are laid after a blood meal, around 30-50 per day these stages can take Humidity is also important for between two weeks fleas: the moisture is needed for and eight months the eggs to hatch and for fleas to to complete. ADULTS progress through the life cycle. (IMAGINES) Female fleas can LARVAE live up to 2 years and lay around 1,500 Typically undergo 3 Although fleas thrive in warmer eggs in this time moults before pupation climates, extremes of heat will kill fleas, their larva, pupa and eggs. Below freezing temperatures will PUPAE kill adult fleas, however those in Can stay in cocoon for a year, but usually emerges in week or so, depending on external different stages of the life cycle stimulae, eg presence of a host will simply become dormant. DID YOU KNOW? Female fleas are able to consume Broadly speaking, the warmer the up to 15 times their own body weather, the easier it is for fleas weight in blood each day? to complete their life cycle.
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