Initial Environmental Examination

Project Number: 40648-033 December 2014

IND: Infrastructure Development Investment Program for Tourism – Tranche 2

Submitted by

Department of Tourism and Culture, Government of

This report has been submitted to ADB by the Government of Tamil Nadu, Chennai and is made publicly available in accordance with ADB’s public communications policy (2011). It does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB.

DEPARTMENT OF TOURISM Government of Tamil Nadu

INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION (IEE) REPORT

for Design and Supervision Consultancy Services for Infrastructure Development Investment Program for Tourism (IDIPT), TamilNadu

July 2014

Location – IDIPT – Project 2 – TamilNadu ADB Loan : 2833 IND Submitted by: Mukesh& Associates Consultants & Engineers www.mukeshassociates.com

SALEM HEAD OFFICE GURGAON CHENNAI

#2/6, Ranganathar Avenue, J-975, PalamVihar Plot No.6, 1st Floor, III PerumalMalai Main Road, (Near Ansali Chancellor Club) Cross Street, Narasodhipatty, SALEM - 636 004. Gurgaon- 122007 Thirumal Nagar West Tamilnadu. Mobile: 09810400396 Extension, : (0427) 2330395/2331109 Email: [email protected] Poonamalle, Fax: (0427) 2330209 Chennai – 600 056. Email: [email protected] Ph: 044 - 29040243

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION 07

1.1 Background……………………………………….………………………. 07

1.2 Project Component..……………………………….………………………. 07

1.3 Project Cost – Component wise…………………….………………………. 07

1.4 Purpose of the IEE……………………………………………………….. 08

1.5 Environmental Regulatory Compliance………………………………….. 08

1.6 Report Structure ………………………………………………………….. 13

2.0 DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT COMPONENTS 14

2.1 Components & Need of the project………………………………………. 14

2.2 Proposed Facilities…………………………………………………… 14

2.3 Components of the Subproject…………………………………………. 17

2.4 Sanitray Complex Location……………………………………… ……. 17

2.5 Deployment Schedule………………………………………………… 17

3.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE EXISTING ENVIRONMENT 18

3.1 Environmental Profile ………………………………………….……….. 18

3.1.1 Physical Characteristics……………………….…………….. 18

3.1.2 Geography & Climate…………………………………… 18

3.1.3 Urban Structure………………………………………………. 19

3.1.4 Climate……………………………………..……………… 19

3.1.5 Demographics…………………………………………. 20

3.1.6 Culture……………………………………………………… 21

3.1.7 Economy ……………………………………… 22

TABLE OF CONTENTS

3.1.8 Education……………………………………….. 23

3.1.9 Hydrological aspect of the project………………….. 24

3.1.10 Details on Sanitation & Drainage Facility………………… 25

3.1.11 Ground Water Quality…………………………………….. 26

3.1.12 Ecological Resources…………………………………….. 27

3.1.13 Flora and Fauna…………………………………… 27

3.1.14 Socio-Economic Profile……………………………………… 27

3.1.15 Infrastructure/Connectivity………………………………… 28

3.1.16 Tourism Places………………………………… 29

3.2 Environmental Profile – Site Specific ……………………… 30

3.2.1 Description of Project…………………………………….. 30

3.2.2 Site Details………………………………………………. 31

4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 32

4.1 Location Impacts……………………………………………………….. 32

4.2 Design Impacts and Pre-Construction Impacts ………………………… 33

4.3 Construction Impacts …………………………………………………… 33

4.4 Operation and Maintenance Impacts …………………………………….. 34

4.5 Cumulative Impact Assessment………………………………………….. 34

4.6 Environment Management Plan ………………………………………….. 37

5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 38

5.1 Institutional Arrangements……………………………………………….. 38

5.2 Program Management …………………………………………………… 38

TABLE OF CONTENTS

5.2.1 Safeguards Management…………………………………….. 40

5.3 Environmental Management Plan …………………………… 58

5.4 Envrionmental Monitoring Plan…………………………………………… 62

5.5 Capacity Building ………………………………………………………. 62

5.5.1 Target Audience………………………………………………. 62

5.5.2 Envirionmental Awareness Building……………………… 67

5.6 Environmental Budget ……………………………………………………. 68

5.7 Environmental Monitoring and Reporting ………………………………. 68

6.0 PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE … 70

6.1 Process for Consultation followed ……………………………………… 70

6.2 Plan for Continued Public Participation ………………………………… 70

6.3 Grievance Redress Mechanism …………………………………………. 74

7.0 FINDINGS & RECOMMENDATIONS …………………………………… 76

8.0 CONCLUSIONS ………………………………………………………… 77

List of Tables

Table 1 Applicability of Acts and Ruels………………………………… 9

Table 2 Sanitary complex Location Details…………………………… 16

Table 3 Air Quality Monitoring ………………………………………… 26

Table 4 Noise Level Monitoring………………………………………… 27

Table 5 Environmental Mangement Plan ……………………… 44

Table 6 Environmental Monitoring Plan………………………… 59

Table 7 Traningin Modules For Environmental Managment…………… 63

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Table 8 Envrionmental Budget………………………………………… 68

Table 9 Consultations with Local Community………………………….. 72

List of Figures

Figure No. 1 Sub Project Locations ………………………………… 6

Figure No. 2 Tiruchirappalli Regional settings …………………………… 18

Figure No. 3 Sir Ranganathaswamy Temple………………………………… 29

Figure No. 4 Rock Fort Temple………………………………… 29

Figure No. 5 Natharvali Dargah………………………………… 29

List of map

Map. 1 Sub Project Locations………………………………… 6

List of Appendix

Appendix 1……Contract Clauses To Be Integrated Into Bid Documents 78

1.0 Construction of Sanitary Complex…………………………………….. 78

2.0 Provision of Deep Earth Bins………………………………… 81

3.0 Provison of Street Lighting………………………………… 81

4.0 Installation of Signages………………………………… 83

5.0 Provision of Street Furniture………………………………… 84

6.0 General ………………………………… 84

Appendix 2………Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist 96

Appendix 3……………Deployment Sequence of Key Experts 100

Appendix 4………… Environmental Monitoring Format 102

Appendix 5…………Sample Grievance Registration Form 104

Initial Environmental Examination

Construction of sanitary complexes for the floating population, placement of gravity entailed deep earth bins for garbage collection (2.5 cubic meters),erection of aesthetic energy efficient heritage lighting, placement of tourism friendly uniform signages for convenience of the tourists identifying the tourist spots and direction along with Provision of street furniture such as litter bins, bus shelters and benches for the comforts of travelling tourists in Trichy Town, Trichy District, Tamilnadu

Revised Initial Environmental Examination Trichy November 2014

IND: Infrastructure Development Investment Program for Tourism (IDIPT) — Project 2: Tamil Nadu

ADB Loan: 2833 IND

Prepared by the Government of Tamil Nadu for the Asian Development Bank

Infrastructure development Investment Program for Tourism, Tamil Nadu (IDIPTTN) ( Project – 2) IEE-Trichy

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB Asian Development Bank CPCB Central Pollution Control Board CRZ Coastal Regulation Zone CPHEEO – Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organization, DoT Department of Tourism DSC Design and Supervision Consultants EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan IEE Initial Environmental Examination PIU Project Implementation Unit PMU Project Management Unit RCC Reinforced cement concrete ROW Rightofway SPS Safeguard Policy Statement TA Technical Assistance TNPCB – Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board TTDC Tamil Nadu Tourism Development Corporation

Weights and Measures Ha – Hectare km – Kilometre m – Meter mm – Millimetre

This Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff and may be preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

Department of Tourism, GoTN 1

Infrastructure development Investment Program for Tourism, Tamil Nadu (IDIPTTN) ( Project – 2) IEE-Trichy

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. Tiruchirappalli (formerly Trichinopoly in English), also called Tiruchi or Trichy, is a city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and the administrative headquarters of . It is the fourth largest municipal corporation and the fourth largest urban agglomeration in the state. Located 322 kilometres (200 mi) south of Chennai and 379 kilometres (235 mi) north of , Tiruchirappalli sits almost at the geographic centre of the state. The Delta begins 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) west of the city as the Kaveri river splits into two, forming the island of now incorporated into Tiruchirappalli City Municipal Corporation.

2. Description of the Project: The India Infrastructure Development Investment Program for Tourism (the Investment Program) envisages environmentally and culturally sustainable and socially inclusive tourism development in the project states of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab, Tamil Nadu and Uttarakhand, delivered through a multitranche financing facility (MFF) modality. Project 2 includes the states of Uttarakhand and Tamil Nadu.

3. Description of the Subproject: (i) Provision of sanitary complexes for the floating population, (ii) Placement of gravity entailed deep earth bins for garbage collection, (iii) Placement of energy efficient heritage street lighting, (iv) Placement of tourism friendly uniform signages for convenience of the tourists and (v) Placement of street furniture such as litter bins, bus shelters and benches for the comfortable travelling of the tourists

4. The IEE was based on a careful review of subproject site plans and reports defined management plans; field visits, and secondary data to characterize the environment and identify potential impacts; and consultations/ discussions with stakeholders. An environmental management plan (EMP) outlining the specific environmental measures to be adhered to during implementation of the subproject has been prepared. Subprojects will provide needed environmental and tourist infrastructure to improve the environmental management and quality of the sites towards preserving their ecological and cultural integrity. The subproject will conform to all Government regulations, policies, and standards, as well as Asian Development Bank’s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009).

Department of Tourism, GoTN 2

Infrastructure development Investment Program for Tourism, Tamil Nadu (IDIPTTN) ( Project – 2) IEE-Trichy

5. Categorization of Projects and Activities:

(i) Under the EIA Notification, 2006 promulgated under Environment (Protection) Act 1986 of the MOEF, Govt of India, all developmental projects and activities listed under the schedule of the Notification are broadly categorized in to two categories Category A and Category B, based on the spatial extent of potential impacts on human health and natural & man made resources.

(ii) All projects or activities under Category ‘A’ in the Schedule, including expansion and modernization of existing projects or activities and change in product mix, shall require prior environmental clearance from the Central Government in the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) on the recommendations of an Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) to be constituted by the Central Government for the purposes of this Notification;

(iii) All projects or activities under Category ‘B’ in the Schedule, including expansion and modernization of existing projects or activities as specified in sub paragraph (ii) of paragraph 2, or change in product mix as specified in sub paragraph (iii) of paragraph 2, but excluding those which fulfill the General Conditions (GC) stipulated in the Schedule, will require prior environmental clearance from the State/Union territory Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA). The SEIAA shall base its decision on the recommendations of a State or Union territory level Expert Appraisal Committee (SEAC) as to be constituted for in this Notification. In the absence of a duly constituted SEIAA or SEAC, a Category ‘B’ project shall be treated as a Category ‘A’ project;

6. Considering the likely impacts and subproject location which does not pass through or is located near any national park, wildlife sanctuary, reserved forests, or any other ecologically sensitive area, it is concluded that no adverse impacts will result due to the proposed project. Further, archaeological/protected monument is located in the vicinity of the project sites. The subproject is not listed under the Schedule and hence is exempted from environmental clearance of MOEF. Hence, the subproject is classified as CategoryB in compliance to the ADB Safeguard Policy Statement (2009).

Department of Tourism, GoTN 3

Infrastructure development Investment Program for Tourism, Tamil Nadu (IDIPTTN) ( Project – 2) IEE-Trichy

7. The likely environmental impacts of the project are not significant and at Category B level, as per ADB's Safeguards Policy Statement. The specific measures stated in the EMP will address all adverse environmental impacts if any due to the subproject.

8. The selection of components are consistent with the subproject selection criteria outlined in the Environmental Assessment and Review Framework (EARF) aimed at enhancing protection of these sites and enhancing their environmental quality. Subprojects are consistent with defined management plans designed to protect environmentally sensitive and cultural locations. Management plans guided subproject design and location; therefore, all proposed facilities in natural areas are located outside sensitive areas and sited in designated tourist development zones.

9. Impacts are readily mitigated through careful siting, specific selection criteria for procuring contractors with demonstrated experience; execution of proven mitigation measures during the design; and adoption of good engineering practices during construction and implementation. A detailed monitoring plan prepared as part of this IEE will further mitigate negative environmental impacts during implementation.

10. Potential induced impacts are addressed through the following: (i) awareness building of local management plans at proposed sites specifically addressing the need to regulate tourism related development and planning in the area through coordination with related Government Departments and local land use committees; and (ii) projectsupported environmental awareness campaigns in surrounding communities to encourage participatory sustainable development consistent with ecotourism principles and in compliance with the state's tourism policy ecotourism aspects.

11. The Investment Program includes upfront and ongoing supervision and training assistance for environmental monitoring reporting in project management structures. The effective implementation of the measures proposed will be ensured through the building up of capacity towards environmental management within the project management unit (PMU) supplemented with the technical expertise of a Safeguards Specialist as part of the Design Supervision Consultants (DSC) and

Department of Tourism, GoTN 4

Infrastructure development Investment Program for Tourism, Tamil Nadu (IDIPTTN) ( Project – 2) IEE-Trichy

Project Management Consultants (PMC). Further, the environmental monitoring plans provide adequate opportunities towards course correction to address any residual impacts during construction or operation stages.

12. The Project 2 includes additional environmental awarenessbuilding to raise conservation values consistent with management plans and Tamil Nadu’s environmental and tourism policies (which emphasize ecotourism) amongst local communities and local governments in order to ensure future sustainable development in and around these locations.

13. Anticipated Impacts and Mitigation Measures: All preconstruction, construction, and operation activities that are likely to cause environmental impacts were identified, and evaluated to assess their magnitude, duration, and potential receptors in consultation with the stakeholders. Consultations were held with the government representatives (Tamilnadu Tourism Department, Tiruchirappalli District and local Communities) and local communities. Accordingly, an EMP has been prepared to mitigate any adverse impacts that may occur during implementation of the project.

14. Conclusion: In the light of the foregoing, this initial environmental examination (IEE) ascertains the temporary impacts likely to arise during various stages of implementation of the project could be eliminated / mitigated through proper implementation of EMP as outlined in the report. Hence, the subproject is unlikely to cause any significant environmental impacts. No need for undertaking detailed EIA is envisaged.

Department of Tourism, GoTN 5

Infrastructure development Investment Program for Tourism, Tamil Nadu (IDIPTTN) ( Project – 2) IEE-Trichy

Figure 1: Sub Project Location

Department of Tourism, GoTN 6

Infrastructure development Investment Program for Tourism, Tamil Nadu (IDIPTTN) ( Project – 2) IEE-Trichy

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background 1. The proposed Project 2 (the Project) targets enhanced economic growth and provision of livelihood opportunities for local communities through tourism infrastructure development with a focus on preservation and development of natural and cultural heritage and incidental services. The Project supports the states of Uttarakhand and Tamil Nadu to develop the tourism sector as a key driver for economic growth. 2. The Project aims to enhance contribution of the tourism industry to sustainable and inclusive economic growth for each participating state. Increased visits of domestic and international tourists to tourist destinations within each participating state would be the outcome of the Project.

1.2 Project Components - Project activities aims at (i) Construction of sanitary complexes for the floating population, (ii) Placement of gravity entailed deep earth bins for garbage collection, (iii) Placement of energy efficient heritage street lighting, (iv) Placement of tourism friendly uniform signages for convenience of the tourists and (v) Placement of street furniture

1.3 Project Cost - Component Wise

Sl. No. Description Amount (Rs.in lakhs)

1 Sanitary complexes (4 Nos.) 73.50

High Grade, Gravity entailed deep earth bins for garbage 24.68 2 collection (20 Nos.)

3 Aesthetic energy efficient heritage lighting (655 Nos) 347.20

4 Retroreflective road signage Details. (26 Nos.) 50.05

5 Street furniture (Bus Shelter02, Benches 20, Bins – 25) 24.82

Total 520.25

Department of Tourism, GoTN 7

Infrastructure development Investment Program for Tourism, Tamil Nadu (IDIPTTN) ( Project – 2) IEE-Trichy

Various Designs / Types of Sanitary Complex (S1, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7 & S8) and Deep Earth Bins has been enclosed in Annexure – A (Common for all locations)

1.4 Purpose of the IEE 1. This Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) assesses a subproject under Project 2 for the state of Tamil Nadu, “Construction of sanitary complexes for the floating population, placement of gravity entailed deep earth bins for garbage collection (2.5 cubic meters), Placement of energy efficient heritage street lighting, Placement of tourism friendly uniform signages for convenience of the tourists and Placement of street furniture such as litter bins, informative boards, bus shelters and benches for the comfortable travelling of the tourists in Tiruchirappalli District, Tamilnadu. The IEE was based on a careful review of subproject site plans, detailed design and reports defined management plans; field visits, and secondary data to characterize the environment and identify potential impacts; and consultations/discussions with stake holders. 2. An environmental management plan (EMP) outlining the specific environmental measures to be adhered to during implementation of the subproject has been prepared. These EMPs will be appended to the respective contract documents to enable integration of environmental provisions in the contract. The IEE goes further and provides sample contract clauses (Appendix 1) to be added to contract documents. Subproject will provide needed environmental and tourist infrastructure to improve the environmental management and quality of the sites towards preserving their ecological and cultural integrity. The subproject will conform to all Government regulations, policies, and standards, as well as Asian Development Bank’s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009). 3. In accordance with ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009), the project belongs to Category “B” as no significant impacts are anticipated. 1.5 Environmental Regulatory Compliance 1. The realm of environmental regulations and mandatory requirements for the proposed subproject is shown in Table 1.The EIA Notification (2006) by the Government of India Ministry of Environment and Forests (MOEF) specifies the mandatory environmental clearance requirements. Accordingly, all projects and activities are broadly categorized in to two categories1 Category A and Category B, based on the spatial extent of potential impacts and potential

Department of Tourism, GoTN 8

Infrastructure development Investment Program for Tourism, Tamil Nadu (IDIPTTN) ( Project – 2) IEE-Trichy

impacts on human health and natural and manmade resources. Various policy guidelines, acts and regulations pertaining to sustenance of environment those applicable to various developmental projects have been presented

in the following section.

Table 1: Applicability of Acts and Rules

Sl. No Acts / Rules Year Compliance Criteria

Environmental This act is applicable all environmental Notifications, 1 1986 (Protection) Act rules and schedules are issued under this act. As per the Notification, Projects categorized as A & B need prior Environmental clearance from the Central and Environment Impact State Expert Appraisal Committee respectively. But, this 2 Assessment 2006 Sub-project does not come under the purview of the Notification above categories hence this Notification is not applicable. This Act will be applicable in case the proposed project road is passing through the Forest Areas which requires the diversion of forest land to the nonforestry purposes. Forest Conservation 1927 This is not applicable as there is no forest land 3 Act 1980 involved for the project development. Permission and clearance for cutting and transportation of trees will be required from Divisional Forest Officers, which is not applicable for this subproject. This act will be applicable in case the project road traverses through wildlife protected areas for which Wild Life (Protection) permission will be sought from National Board for 4 1972 Act wildlife. This is not applicable as there is no wildlife protected area is involved for the project development.

Coastal Regulation Zone • Buildings shall be permitted only on the landward side 1991 5 Notification of the existing road, or on the landward side of existing 2011 authorized structures;

Department of Tourism, GoTN 9

Infrastructure development Investment Program for Tourism, Tamil Nadu (IDIPTTN) ( Project – 2) IEE-Trichy

Sl. No Acts / Rules Year Compliance Criteria

• Buildings permitted on the landward side of the existing and proposed roads or existing authorized structures shall be subject to the existing local town and country planning regulations including the ‘existing’ norms of Floor Space Index or Floor Area Ratio, Provided that no permission for construction of buildings shall be given on landward side of any new roads which are constructed on the seaward side of an existing road The Subprojects require consent to establish from the State Pollution Control Board if it involves discharge waste water from labour camps which is applicable Water (Prevention and during construction phase of the project. 6 Control of Pollution) 1974 But, it is being ensured that no discharges will be Act there to any inland water bodies or sea/ocean, hence this Act will not be applicable. Moreover, the excreta from the toilets will be collected in septic tanks/soak pits ensuring no discharges to water bodies. The project requires consent to establish from the State Air (Prevention and Pollution Control Board if it involves operation of Hot 7 Control of Pollution) 1981 Mix Plants and Diesel Generator Sets. This act will be Act applicable to the project during construction phase of projects as use of DG sets is being envisaged. The project requires consent to establish from the State Pollution Control Board if the noise level from the Noise Pollution construction machinery and the vehicles are above the 8 Regulation and Control 1990 standards. This act will apply to the project especially Act during the construction phase if such machineries will be used which is unlikely. 1894 This act will be applicable in case land is being acquired 9 Land Acquisition Act 1989 for the project road.

Department of Tourism, GoTN 10

Infrastructure development Investment Program for Tourism, Tamil Nadu (IDIPTTN) ( Project – 2) IEE-Trichy

Sl. No Acts / Rules Year Compliance Criteria

This act will not be applicable as no land acquisition is required for the project development. The project is being developed on Municipality owned plots. This act is applicable is case of any chance finds during construction phase of the project which may be remains/ monuments which are deemed to be protected by ASI or Ancient Monuments the State Directorate of Archaeology . 10 and Archaeological 1958 This act will not be applicable as no archeological Sites and Remains Act sites are affected because of the project development. However, provision has been made so that chance found ancient properties are protected. These rules will be applicable if contractors during The Hazardous Wastes construction phase will store and handle hazardous (Management, 1989 material such HSD and paints etc. But, the EMP spells 11 Handling &Tran 2003 that all such materials will be procured from licensed boundary movement) 2008 depots and consumed immediately so storage is ruled Rules, out. This Act specifies regulations regarding the use of explosives and precautionary measures while blasting The Explosives Act (& 1884 12 and quarrying. Provisions of these rules are not Rules) 1983 applicable to this project as materials will be procured from 3 rd party licensed holders.

 Further, for sand, soil and stone quarrying, prior permission is to be obtained from the state authorities for the purpose. However, considering the project profile, it is preferred to procure materials from the licensed third party owners.  However, considering the kind and quantum of activities, it is envisaged that no borrow areas and quarry sites will be established as a part of activity / sub project. Raw materials will be procured from licensed quarry owners. Similarly, no crusher sites will be opened by the contractor. Also, No borrow area shall be made available by the Employer for this work. The arrangement for the source of supply of the material for the civil works shall be the sole responsibility of the Contractor.

Department of Tourism, GoTN 11

Infrastructure development Investment Program for Tourism, Tamil Nadu (IDIPTTN) ( Project – 2) IEE-Trichy

 But, the contractor might be using DG sets for which the permission will be required under Air act 1981.  No fuel storage takes place in this project and for construction purposes, the fuel shall be procured from the existing petrol bunks  For labour accommodation, no labour camp will be established and for accommodation of labours nearby construction sites, rented houses will be engaged by the contractor.

2. All projects or activities included as Category A in the Schedule, including expansion and modernization of existing projects or activities and change in product mix, will require prior environmental clearance from the Central Government in the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MOEF) on the recommendations of an Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) to be constituted by the Central Government for the purposes of this Notification. 3. All projects or activities included as Category B in the Schedule, including expansion and modernization of existing projects or activities as specified in sub paragraph (ii) of paragraph 2, or change in product mix as specified in sub paragraph (iii) of paragraph 2, but excluding those which fulfil the General Conditions (GC) stipulated in the Schedule, will require prior environmental clearance from the State/Union territory Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA). The SEIAA will base its decision on the recommendations of a State or Union territory level Expert Appraisal Committee (SEAC) as to be constituted for in this Notification. In addition, GC of the Notification specifies that any project or activity specified in Category B will be treated as Category A, if located in whole or in part within 10 km from the boundary of (i) protected Areas notified under the Wild Life Protection) Act, 1972, (ii) critically polluted areas as notified by the Central Pollution Control Board from time to time, (iii) notified ecosensitive areas, and (iv) interState boundaries and international boundaries.

4. Level of environmental assessment required for each category of Project, as per ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009) is as follows: • Category A. Subproject components with potential for significant adverse environmental impacts. An environmental impact assessment (EIA) is required to address significant impacts; • Category B. Subproject components judged to have some adverse environmental impacts, but of lesser degree and/or significance than those for

Department of Tourism, GoTN 12

Infrastructure development Investment Program for Tourism, Tamil Nadu (IDIPTTN) ( Project – 2) IEE-Trichy

Category A projects. An initial environmental examination (IEE) is required to determine whether significant environmental impacts warranting an EIA are likely. If an EIA is not needed, the IEE is regarded as the final environmental assessment report. • Category C. Subcomponents unlikely to have adverse environmental impacts. No EIA or IEE is required, although environmental implications are still reviewed. 5. The above table indicates that the proposed subproject will comply with necessary government regulations and ADB's Safeguard Policy Statement (2009). ADB's Safeguard Policy Statement (2009) stipulates addressing environmental concerns, if any, of a proposed activity in the initial stages of project preparation. For this, the ADB guidelines categorize the proposed components into categories (A, B or C) to determine the level of environmental assessment required to address the potential impacts. The subproject has been categorized as B. 6. Accordingly this IEE is prepared to address the potential impacts, in line with the recommended IEE content and structure for Category B projects. The IEE was based mainly on secondary sources of information and field reconnaissance surveys and stakeholder consultations. Stakeholder consultation was an integral part of the IEE. An EMP outlining the specific environmental measures to be adhered to during implementation of the subproject has been prepared.

1.6 Report Structure

This IEE contains eight sections: (i) Introduction; (ii) Description o f Project Components; (iii) Description of the Existing Environment; (iv) Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures; (v) Environmental Management Plan; (vi) Public Consultation and Information Disclosure; (vi) Findings and Recommendations; and (vii) Conclusions.

Department of Tourism, GoTN 13

Infrastructure development Investment Program for Tourism, Tamil Nadu (IDIPTTN) ( Project – 2) IEE-Trichy

2.0 DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT COMPONENTS

2.1 Description & Need of the project. The existing Infrastructure of the town is inadequate to cater to the needs of the Tourist as well as the resident population. It is therefore necessary to improve the basic amenities to the public. The identified key interventions and improvements have a direct bearing on the tourist wellbeing. The core tourist areas of the Town need to be provided with improved infrastructure facilities that would in addition to providing a facelift for the town would bring in a paradigm shift in the approach to provision of Basic infrastructure facilities. Therefore modern and state of the art facilities are to be provided, which can be replicated in other parts of the town, and can trigger better management of assets. Each tourist location has a unique architectural context.

2.2 Proposed Facilities The existing Infrastructure under the proposed project – 2 is inadequate to cater the needs of the tourist as well as the resident population. It becomes imperative to improve the basic amenities to the public. Some of the key interventions and improvements that have a direct bearing on the tourist wellbeing are discussed below.

1. Improved Sanitary Facilities: Sanitation facilities form a key element of tourist convenience at any destination. The present facilities for public toilets/sanitary complexes are limited and do not address the needs of the large floating population of pilgrims / tourists. This has led to unhygienic conditions during the festival seasons with people resorting to open defecation. Overall, sanitary toilet complexes help in ensuring social dignity and privacy, and maintaining the health status of the Urban Local Body (ULB). The key considerations for toilets / sanitary complexes are that they should be aesthetically appealing for use for all age group without difficulty easy approach and maintenance ecofriendly, hygienic and cost effective.

2. Improvements to solid waste collection system: In line with the objective of ‘Cleaner and Greener Tourism’ in Tamil Nadu, it is proposed to provide the appropriate garbage bins to reduce the littering of garbage on streets as the

Department of Tourism, GoTN 14

Infrastructure development Investment Program for Tourism, Tamil Nadu (IDIPTTN) ( Project – 2) IEE-Trichy

garbage collection in few places of Tamilnadu State is through open garbage bins. This exposure system leads to bad odour, over flow, spilling, and attack by rodents, dogs and cats, besides a site of nuisance and major distraction to tourists. The key considerations for unique design for bins (say Deep Earth Bins and Litter Bins) are that they are ecofriendly, having sufficiently large capacities to prevent spillage, provide easy and efficient transfer of garbage to trucks, stray dogs & bird proof, aesthetically appealing and provides an odour free environment.

3. Improved street lighting in the core tourist areas: The key considerations for lighting include safety & security, energysaving & costeffectiveness and facilitating night tourism. The existing illuminations levels are poor and inadequate due to old, damaged and inefficient fixtures. Good level of illumination is necessary to manage the heavy traffic, pedestrians, tourists for safety and crime reduction. The existing luminaries mounted on EB poles lack aesthetic appeal and are not uniform. Further, luminaries are missing at many places. It is therefore necessary for a wellplanned and integrated installation of street lighting comprising of decorative columns with energy efficient light and fixtures and with underground cabling. This will enhance the appeal of the town, and provide safety to the people, reduce crime and boost night tourism activities.

4. Provision of signages and good road furniture on important roads connecting the transport centers like busstand and railway stations to the core tourist areas is a vital infrastructural need in a tourist town. The signages act as guide to the visiting tourists. Clarity and aesthetic appeal of such signages makes a destination user friendly and popular. The route signages guide visitors to go in their intended tourist circuits, and to navigate to their destinations without any interruption. The basic considerations are to provide uniform retro reflective road signages with proper visibility, earmarking the street names including way dividing signs, centers/ mandatory/warning signs, land mark signs and tourist information signs. as per Indian Road Congress (IRC) / National Building Code (NBC) norms.

5. Improved Street Furniture: Street furniture is a collective term for objects and pieces of equipment (Bus Shelters, Benches, and Litter Bins etc) installed on streets and roads for various purposes. The existing Street furniture is inadequate to cater the requirements of road users and other public. It is required to install

Department of Tourism, GoTN 15

Infrastructure development Investment Program for Tourism, Tamil Nadu (IDIPTTN) ( Project – 2) IEE-Trichy

high quality street furniture on the identified road networks to improve the service levels to the tourists / & to achieve Cleaner and Greener .

2.3 Components of the Subproject The following infrastructure services have been identified in Tiruchirappalli District with respective to improved basic urban infrastructure and services at tourist destinations and attractions as follows: • Provision of sanitary complexes for the floating population • Provision of gravity entailed deep earth bins for garbage collection (2.5 cu.m) • Provision of energy efficient heritage street lighting • Provision of tourism friendly uniform signages for convenience of the tourists • Provision of street furniture such as litter bins, informative boards, bus shelters and benches for the comfortable travelling of the tourists

2.4 Sanitary Complex Location Except in the case of sanitary complexes, all other components of the project are along the Road and do not require any additional land. The roads where the components are proposed belong to the Tiruchirappalli Corporation. In the case of sanitary complexes, the following sites have been identified in the table below: Table 2 Sanitary Complex Location

Sl. No. Location

1 Ragavendrapuram 1st Cross Street 2 Amma mandapam 3 Malattaru 4 Thiruvadi street

The above sites are under the full ownership of the Tiruchirappalli Corporation and are free of all encumbrances. Necessary approval from the Corporation council shall be taken before implementing the projects. (Various Designs / Types of Sanitary Complex (S1, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7 & S8) and Deep Earth Bins has been enclosed in Annexure – A (Common for all locations)

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2.5 Deployment Schedule

A total of 18 months construction period is being considered. (Refer Appendix – 3. However, detailed implementation Schedule depending on contractor’s work programme considering pilgrimages, climate, tourist’s seasonal timings and other critical factors would be provided on finalization of the contract)

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3.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE EXISTING ENVIRONMENT

3.1 Environmental Profile – Trichy Corporation, Tamil Nadu

3.1.1 Physical Characteristics Introduction: Tiruchirappalli, rock city is situated on the banks of river Cauvery. Tiruchirappalli is a fine blend of temples and monuments and is a great travel destination. Tiruchirappalli is one of the most famous temple town of Tamilnadu, also called Trichy this is the fourth largest town of Tamilnadu. The important temples are Rock Fort Temple, Ranganathaswamy Temple and Jambukeshwaram Figure 2: Tiruchirappalli Regional settings Temple. Tiruchirappalli is one of the oldest inhabited cities in Tamil Nadu. It is a pilgrimage center and nerve centre of entire Tamilnadu. The worldrenewed Sri Renganathar temple at Srirangam and Thayumana Swami Gal temples at Rock Fort are located in this city. The corporation covers an area of 167.23 Sq.km. with at elevation of 88m above the Mean Sea Level (MSL). The geographic location lies at 10.8050°N Latitude and 78.6856°E Longitude.

3.1.2 Geography & Climate Tiruchirappalli is located at 10.8050°N 78.6856°E.With an average elevation of 88 metres (289 ft). It is located almost at the geographic centre of the state of Tamilnadu. The topology of Tiruchirappalli is nearly flat with a few isolated hillocks rising above the surface, the highest of which is the Rockford. The age of Rockford is estimated to be around 3,800 million years old thus making it among the oldest rocks in the world. Other prominent hillocks include the Golden Rock, , and one each at and .

The land immediately surrounding the Kaveri is made up of fertile alluvial soil deposited by the Kaveri and its tributary, the Kollidam. Further south, the surface is covered by poorquality black. The alluvial soil is conducive for agriculture and crops such as Ragi (finger millet) and cholam (maize) are cultivated. Northeast of

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Tiruchirappalli runs a belt of Cretaceous rock known as the "". Layers of archaean rocks, granite and gneiss covered by a thin bed f conglomeratic late rite are found to the southeast of the city. The region falls under Seismic Zone III, moderately vulnerable to earthquakes.

3.1.3 Urban structure Spread over an area of 167.23 square kilometres (64.57 sq mi) Tiruchirappalli is situated on the plains between the Shevaroy Hills to the north and the Palni Hills to the south and southwest. The city is situated at the head of the Kaveri Delta, which commences 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) from west where Kaveri branches into two streams to form the island of Srirangam. Tiruchirappalli is completely surrounded by agricultural fields. Densely–populated industrial and residential areas have recently emerged in the northern part of the city, while the southern edge of the city too is occupied with residential areas. The older part of Tiruchirappalli, situated within the Rockford, is unplanned and congested while the adjoining newer sections are better executed. Many of the old houses in Srirangam were constructed according to the shilpa sastras, the canonical texts of Hindu temple architecture.

3.1.4 Climate Tiruchirappalli experiences a tropical savanna climate—designated Aw under the Koppen climate classification—with no major change in temperature between summer and winter. The climatology is generally characterized by high temperature and low humidity. With an annual mean temperature of 28.9 °C (84.0 °F) and monthly average temperatures ranging between 25 °C(77 °F) and 32 °C (90 °F), the city is the hottest in the state. The hottest months are from March to May during which the city experiences frequent dust storms. The maximum ever recorded temperature in Tiruchirappalli was 43.3 °C (109.9 °F) (on 2 May 1896), while the lowest was observed on 6 February 1884 at 13.9 °C (57.0 °F). The high level of temperature in the city have been attributed to the presence of two rivers—Kaveri and Kollidam—and absence of greenery around the city. As Tiruchirappalli is located in the Deccan Plateau, the days are extremely warm and dry while evenings are rendered cooler due to the cold winds that blow from the southeast. The city experiences a moderate climate from June to September, tempered by heavy rain and

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thundershowers, and cool and balmy climate from December to February. Fog and dew are rare and occur only during the winter season.

Climate data for Tiruchirapalli Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Average high 30.1 32.6 35.1 36.9 37.4 36.7 35.7 35.4 34.5 32.2 30.1 29.2 33.8 °C (°F) (86.2) (90.7) (95.2) (98.4) (99.3) (98.1) (96.3) (95.7) (94.1) (90) (86.2) (84.6) (92.8) Average low 20.3 20.9 23.0 25.8 26.4 26.5 25.9 25.5 24.7 23.9 22.7 21.2 23.9 °C (°F) (68.5) (69.6) (73.4) (78.4) (79.5) (79.7) (78.6) (77.9) (76.5) (75) (72.9) (70.2) (75) 50.5 60.6 146.6 191.5 131.8 84.4 880.2 Precipitation 14.3 5.4 9.5 65.2 34.9 85.5 (1.988 (2.386 (5.772 (7.539 (5.189 (3.323 (34.65 mm (inches) (0.563) (0.213) (0.374) (2.567) (1.374) (3.366) ) ) ) ) ) ) 4) Source: IMD

3.1.5 Demographics According to the 2001 census, Tiruchirappalli had a population of 2418366 with in the municipal corporation limits with a total of 170,725 families. The population density was recorded to be 5,127 /km2 (13,280 /sq mi) while the sex ratio stood at 1000. With an urban agglomeration population of 866,354, the Tiruchirappalli metropolitan area was ranked the fourth largest in Tamil Nadu and the 47th in India in 2001. The city had an average literacy rate of 88.71%, much higher than the national average. 11.41% of the city's population was under 6 years of age. Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled tribes (ST) accounted for 10.51% and 0.44% of the total population respectively. There are a total of 286 slums in the city with a population of about 162,000.

As per the provisional results of the 2011 census, the population of the city was 846,915 with 1,025 females for every 1,000 males—well above the national average. The corresponding urban agglomeration had a population of 1,021,717. The daily floating population of the city is estimated at 0.25 million.

The city's population is predominantly Hindu. Muslims form nearly 20% of the total population. There is a sizeable Christian population followed by Sikhs and Jains in smaller numbers. The most widely spoken language is Tamil, though there are also significantly large numbers of people speaking Telugu, Gujarati, Kannada and Malayalam. The standard dialect of Tamil spoken is the . Saurashtrian is the mother tongue of the Patnūlkarars who migrated from

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Gujarat in the 16th century AD. There is also a substantial population of Sri Lankan Tamil migrants, most of who are housed in refugee camps on the outskirts of the city. Roman Catholics in Tiruchirappalli are affiliated to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Tiruchirappalli while Protestants are affiliated to the Trichy–Tanjore Diocese of the Church of South India. As a separate division of the Southern Railway is headquartered at Tiruchirappalli city, there is a considerably strong Anglo Indian population in the city.

3.1.6 Culture A resident of Tiruchirappalli is generally referred to as a Tiruchiite. Situated at the edge of the Kaveri Delta, the culture of Tiruchirappalli is similar to the Brahmin cal culture prevalent elsewhere in the delta. With a substantial population of students and migrant industrial workers from different parts of India, Tiruchirappalli has a more cosmopolitan outlook than the surrounding countryside. The main festival celebrated in Tiruchirappalli is Pongal, a regional harvest festival celebrated during the month of January. Jallikattu, a bull taming village sport played as a part of Pongal celebrations on the last day are occasionally held on the outskirts of the city. Aadi Perukku, Samayapuram flower festival, Vaikunta Ekadasi, Srirangam car festival Allur Jallathiru Vizha, and the Teppakulam float festival, are some of the prominent local festivals. Bakrid is also widely celebrated owing to the substantial number of Muslims in the city. Nationwide festivals such as the Gregorian New Year, Christmas, Deepavali and Holi are also celebrated in Tiruchirappalli.

The 12th century Tamil epic Kambaramayanam was recited at the Ranganathaswamy temple in Srirangam. Later in 1771, Rama Natakam, a musical drama based on Ramayana, written Arunachala Kavi was also delivered at the same place. Tiruchirappalli was a home to some of the prominent Carnatic musicians— including Lalgudi Jayaraman, Srirangam Kannan and A. K. C. Natarajan—along with scholars such as T. S. Murugesan Pillai, Kundalam Rangachariar and K. A. P. Viswanatham. Composers, poets and vocalists such as G.Ramanathan, T. K. Ramamoorthy, Vaali and P.Madhuri who have made significant contributions to the Tamil film music hail from the city.

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Textile weaving, leatherwork and gem cutting are some of the important crafts practiced in Tiruchirappalli. Wooden idols of Hindu gods and goddesses are sold at the crafts emporium, Poomuhar, run by the Government of Tamil Nadu. The Trichy Travel Federation (TTF) was formed on 5 May 2009 to promote Tiruchirappalli as a favorable tourist destination. The federation organizes an annual food festival called Suvai. Lack of infrastructure has been a major deterrent to the city's tourism industry.

3.1.7 Economy During British rule, Tiruchirappalli was known for its tanneries, cigarmanufacturing units and oil presses. At its peak, over 12 million cigars were manufactured and exported annually. Tanned hides and skins from Tiruchirappalli were exported to the United Kingdom. The city has a number of retail and wholesale markets, the most famous among them being the which is an important source of vegetables for the whole region. Other notable markets in the city are the flower bazaar in Srirangam and the mango market at Mambazha Salai. The suburb of is known for rice mills where polished Ponni rice is produced.

Tiruchirappalli is a major engineering equipment manufacturing and fabrication hub in India. The Golden Rock Locomotive Workshops, moved to Tiruchirappalli from Nagapattinam in 1928, is one of the three railway locomotive manufacturing units in Tamil Nadu. The workshops produced 650 conventional and lowcontainer flat wagons during the year 2007–2008. The chief workshop manager's office at Golden Rock was awarded a star rating by the Bureau of Energy Efficiency for the proper and regulated usage of electricity in its offices.

A Highpressure boiler manufacturing plant was set up by BHEL, India's largest public sector engineering company, in May 1965. This was followed by a Seamless Steel Plant set up at a cost of 580 million (US$8.9 million) and a Boiler Auxiliaries Plant. The three manufacturing units constitute the BHEL industrial complex and cover a total area of about 22,927.4 square meters (246,788 sq ft). The plant can generate up to 6.2 MW of electricity using coal as a resource. BHEL is supported by a number of ancillary industries, which output nearly 250,000 tonnes (250,000,000 kg) of fabricated materials. These ancillary units along with BHEL contribute to nearly

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60% of the county's steel fabrication; thus led to the title "Energy equipment and fabrication capital of India”.

Other important industries in Tiruchirappalli include the Trichy Distilleries and Chemicals Limited (TDCL) which was established at in the then Golden Rock municipality in 1966.and the Trichy Steel Rolling Mills which was started as a private limited company on 27 June 1961. The Trichy Distilleries and Chemicals Limited manufactures rectified spirit, acetaldehyde, acetic acid, acetic anhydride and ethyl acetate. It is one of the biggest private sector distilleries in Tamil Nadu and produced 13.5 million liters of spirit alcohol between December 2005 and November 2006. A weapon manufacturing unit and a Heavy Alloy Penetrator Project (HAPP) facility are run by the Ordnance Factory Board of the Government of India. The HAPP unit, set up in the late 1980s, comprises a Flexible manufacturing system (FMS), the first of its kind in India.

The annual software exports of the Tiruchirappalli region amount to 262.1 million (US$4.0 million). The ELCOT IT Park, the first IT park in the city has been commissioned at a cost of 600 million (US$9.2 million) and inaugurated by the Deputy Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, M. K. Stalin on 9 December 2010.Set up by the Electronics Corporation of Tamil Nadu, the park occupies an area of 59.74 hectares (147.6 acres) and constitutes a Special Economic Zone. The Indian software company Infosys, is planning to start its operations in Tiruchirappalli.

3.1.8 Education

As of 2013, Tiruchirappalli District has a total of 45 arts and science colleges, 40 polytechnic colleges and 13 colleges that offer management education. The St. Joseph's College, National College, , and the Government Law College are some of the prominent colleges that provide higher education under the arts and science category. There are nearly 35 engineering colleges in and around the city. The National Institutes of Technology have a campus at on the outskirts of the city. The Anbil Dharma Agricultural College and Research Institute established as one of the constituent colleges of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University in 1989, and the National Research Centre for Banana are some of the institutions that offer higher education

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and research in the field of agriculture. The Tiruchirappalli branch of Anna University was established following the bifurcation of Anna University in 2007.

A total of 64 selffinancing colleges offering courses on engineering, architecture, Management and computer applications in the districts of Ariyalur, Cuddalore, Nagapattinam, Perambalur, , Thanjavur and Thiru varur are affiliated to this University. The SRM Group of Colleges established the SRM Institute of Science and Technology at Irungalur near Tiruchirappalli followed by Chennai Medical College and Hospital in 2007. A proposal by the group to include the institutions in the SRM University is under review of the Ministry of Human Resources Development of the Government of India.

The is based in Tiruchirappalli and exercises its jurisdiction over 104 colleges in Tiruchirappalli district and seven neighboring ones. The university runs a management school, the Bharathidasan Institute of Management in Tiruchirappalli in collaboration with BHEL. The Indian Institute of Management Tiruchirappalli was set up during the Eleventh FiveYear Plan along with five other IIMs started functioning from the 2011–12 academic season In 2013, the Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD) approved Indian Institute of Information Technology (IIIT),and the Tamil Nadu National Law School, modeled based on the National Law School of India University both started their operations in the city.

There are a total of 200 higher secondary schools in Tiruchirappalli, with notable ones being the Campion AngloIndian Higher Secondary School, St Joseph's Anglo Indian Girls Higher Secondary School, St. Johns Vestry Anglo Indian Higher Secondary School, Railway Mixed Higher Secondary School and RSK Higher Secondary School. Notable people who were either born or educated at Tiruchirappalli include scientists C.V.Raman, A.P.J.AbdulKalam, G.N.Ramachandran, and former president of the country R. Venkataraman.

3.1.9 Hydrological aspect of the project

a) Soil condition: Tiruchirappalli and Srirangam urban areas including their environs, form part of a vast plain of fertile alluvial soil with a gentle and gradual

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slope from the West to the East. This area is characterised by isolated masses of crystalline rocks i.e. the great Rock fort of Tiruchirappalli and the Golden rock. The major soil types encountered in the district are black cotton soils, red sandy to loamy soils and alluvial soils. A thin layer of red sandy soils overlies the western and southern parts of the district. Alluvial soils of considerable thickness occur in the central part, particularly in Tiruchchirappalli, Kulithalai, Musiri and Lalgudi taluks. Black cotton soils are observed in the northern part., whereas red loamy soils occur in the hilly regions. b) Drainage facilities: Tiruchirappalli has an old underground drainage system which comprises a main pumping station, 15 subpumping stations and a network of 147.30 km of underground sewer lines and a network of 19.58 km of pumping lines.

c) Water Resources: The Cauvery River is the most important river in the district and the tributaries of Cauvery, i.e. Coleroon River, Koraiyar River, Ariyar, Malattar channel, Uyyakondan channel also drain in this district.

3.1.10 Details on Sanitation & Drainage Facility:

a) Sanitation facilities Tiruchirappalli has an old underground drainage system which covers the erstwhile Tiruchirappalli Municipal area, which was designed for a population of 425,000. The system comprises a main pumping station, 15 subpumping stations and a network of 147.30 km of underground sewer lines and a network of 19.58 km of pumping lines.

b) Drainage facilities The existing storm water drains in the city are linked with local drainage channels that carry the storm water from the respective catchment areas to the major system. The entire district forms part of Cauvery river basin. Cauvery is the major, and the only perennial river in the district. The northern branch of Cauvery, known as ‘Coleroon’ is mainly a flood carried, while the southern branch retains the name Cauvery. It has numerous tributaries draining the district, the prominent ones of

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which are Ayyar and Uppar in the north and Koraiyar in the south. Most of the rivers are structurally controlled. The drainage pattern, in general, is dendritic.

3.1.11 Ground Water Quality

Ground water in phreatic aquifers in Tiruchchirappalli district, in general, is colourless, odourless and slightly alkaline in nature. The electrical conductivity of ground water in phreatic zone (in Microsiemens at 25o C) during May 2006 was in the range of 570 to 4550 S/cm and major parts of the district are having the electrical conductivity above 1700 S/cm.

It is observed that in general the ground water is suitable for drinking and domestic uses in respect of all the constituents except Fluoride of higher concentration at Siruganallur (1.85 mg/L) and at few places are having higher concentration of NO3 than BIS permissible limit.

• Water Supply / Resources  At present, the water supply demand has been addressed by supply from bore wells.  For the proposed sanitary complex, the water requirement will be met from borewells or from municipal piped supply • Sanitation and Sewage Disposal  At the existing sanitary complex’s, Septic tank has been provided and the same has been periodically cleaned for sludge removal without overflow by the municipality using vehicles.  The same measure would be suggested in future.

Air Quality Monitoring - Table 3

SPM RSPM Nox SO2 Lead CO Locations mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3

Saliyamangalam(71.0 km from Trichy) 130 56 23.5 13.4 <0.1 1657

Needamangalam(87.5km from Trichy) 96 42 16.2 8.2 <0.1 764

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Noise Level Monitoring – Table 4

Date of Average Noise Level in dB Sl.No. Location Sampling Day Time Night Time

1. Saliyamangalam(71.0 km from Trichy) 22.02.06 54.0 46.0

2. Needamangalam(87.5km from Trichy) 17.02.06 41.0 39.0

3.1.12 Ecological Resources The following types of forest are predominantly identified in the Tiruchirappalli district 1.Tropical Dry Deciduous forest and 2.Tropical Thorn forest. The tropical dry deciduous forests had an area of 14,190 hectares and occupied the forest blocks starting from the altitudes of 350 m. above MSL, especially in the Reserve Forests of and taluks, and also in the slopes of Veeramalai area. The tropical thorn forest extended over an area of 13,055 ha. Ones and were basically seen in the forest areas of Manapparai and Thuraiyur taluks.

3.1.13 Flora and Fauna The common varieties of animals identified in the district were Indian Cobra and Vipers, which were mainly found in the forest area of Veeramalai and Semmalai R.F in Manapparai area. The species were classified under rare animals (Reptiles) and vulnerable category. Indian civet and Pangolin were identified in all the R.F in Thuraiyur and Manapparai taluks. Indian Gaur (Bison), Panther, Slender Lories were categorised under endangered animals and mostly found in all the R.F area of Tiruchirappalli district. With regard to flora, no prominent varieties were observed in the district. One species under rare category and one under endangered category have been identified in the district. Tamarind and bamboo were the chief trees of the district and found in all reserve forest areas of the district.

3.1.14 Socio-Economic Profile

Population. As of the census of India 2001, Tiruchirappalli had a population of 2418366 comprising 1208534 males and 1209832 females, making the sex ratio (number of females per thousand males) of the corporation to 1,001.

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Agriculture. Basically, Tiruchirappalli district is agriculturally rich due to the availability of fertile lands and presence of perennial rivers. Cauvery with numerous tributaries forms the basis of sustained paddy cultivation on an extensive scale throughout the year. Cereals, Pulses and Oil Seeds are the major crops cultivated in the district (Table 2.3) and majority of the area is used for the production of cereals and pulses. In terms of productivity, paddy had increased from 1,887 kg/ha. in 1981 to 4,133 kg/ha. in 1996, due to better utilisation of seeds, improved methods of cultivation, intensive use of fertilizers and pesticides. The production of paddy had also decreased from 2, 70,907 tonnes in 1981 to 236,740 tonnes in 200506

3.1.15 Infrastructure/Connectivity. Road Tiruchirappalli is situated at the centre of Tamil Nadu, connected by 5 National Highways, 7 State Highways and several District roads with other major towns of the state. Rail Tiruchirappalli is an important railway junction and also Divisional Headquarters of Southern Railway. This City is well connected with major canters through Broad Gauge railway line, which connect with other urban centres’ such as Chennai, , Thirunelveli, Salem and Coimbatore. A broad gauge line connecting Vellore and also passes through this junction; therefore Tiruchirappalli acts as a major service station. Air A wellestablished International Airport is located along the Pudukkottai Road at a distance of 6 km away from the railway junction. The air service from Tiruchirappalli connects with important urban centres like Chennai, Madurai, Coimbatore, and Thiruvananthapuram in India and also connects with neighboring countries like Sri Lanka and UAE.

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3.1.16 Tourism Places 1) Srirangam: The Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple at Srirangam, situated 6 km north of the city, is among the most revered shrines dedicated to Lord Vishnu in South India, and is the largest temple complex in the world. Shrouded in a haze of coconut palms away to the Figure 3: Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple north, the temple is built on an island in the middle of the Cauvery and covers an area of 2.5sq.km. Enclosed by seven rectangular walled our yards, this temple has 21 spires ("gopurams"), the largest of which was completed in 1987 and measures 73m in height. Srirangam is connected to the mainland by a bridge. The temple is replete with excellent carvings and numerous shrines dedicated to various gods.

2) Rock Fort Temple: The spectacular Rock Fort Temple (a wellknown Uchi pillayar Temple), the landmark of the city, is on the shores of the Cauvery. It is perched on a massive rocky outcrop at an altitude of 83m above sea level. The Figure 4: Rock Fort Temple Thayumanaswamy Temple, dedicated to Lord , is situated halfway to the top. It has a 100illar hall and a vimana covered with gold. On the southern face of the rock, there are several beautifully carved rockcut cave temples of the Pallava period.

3) Samayapuram: The Samayapuram Mariamman Temple is located 12km north of the city at the junction of the National Highway connecting Tiruchirappalli and Chennai. The Mariamman Temple is one of the most visited shrines in Tamilnadu, dedicated to Figure 5: Natharvali Dargah

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Mariamman, a manifestation of the primeval energy Shakti as the mother Goddess. Samayapuram was a local capital of the Vijayanagar rulers in the vicinity of Tiruchirappalli, and was known as Vikramapuram.

4) Natharvali Dargah: It is an ancient Dargah which is more than 1000 years old with marvellous architecture with the doom being made up of shining marbles giving a great look to the Dargah. It is situated in the heart of Tiruchirappalli City.

5) Thiruvanai Temple: Thiruvanai temple is a famous saivite Temple, dedicated to Lord Shiva, is situated just 2 km east of Srirangam and houses five concentric walls and seven gopurams. Legend has it that an elephant once worshipped the Lord under the holy Jambu tree, and hence the name Jambukeswara. The principal deity is the Shiva lingam, almost submerged in water, which flows from the subterranean spring in the sanctum sanctorum. is one of the five major Shiva Temples of Tamil Nadu (Panchabhootha Sthalams) representing the Mahabhutha or five great elements. This temple represents element of water.

3.2 Environmental Profile – Site Specific

3.2.1 Description of Project:

Construction of sanitary complexes for the floating population, placement of gravity entailed deep earth bins for garbage collection (2.5 cubic meters), Placement of energy efficient heritage street lighting, Placement of tourism friendly uniform signages for convenience of the tourists and Placement of street furniture such as litter bins, informative boards, bus shelters and benches for the comfortable travelling of the tourists in Trichy Town, Trichy District, TamilNadu.

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3.2.2 Site Details:

Sl.no Description Yes / No

1. Protected area No

2. Archaeological site No

3. Forest area No

4. CRZ area No

Notes: Protected Area includes wildlife sanctuary, bird sanctuary, or national park; CRZ = Coastal Regulation Zone

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4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

The assessment for each of the subprojects has been carried out for potential impacts during the following stages of the project planning and implementation:

• Location impacts. Impacts associated with site selection, including impacts on environment and resettlement or livelihood related impacts on communities; • Design impacts. Impacts arising from project design, including the technology used, scale of operations, discharge standards, etc.; • Construction impacts. Impacts resulting from construction activities including site clearance, earthworks, civil works, etc.; and • O&M impacts. Impacts associated with the operation and maintenance of the infrastructure built in the project.

The ADB Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist for Urban Development was used during preparation of this IEE to screen the subproject for environmental impacts and categorization of the project (Appendix 2).

4.1 Location Impacts 1) Land Acquisition and Resettlement. The proposed subproject locations are within the lands available with the government. There are no impacts envisaged on land acquisition or resettlement due to the proposed subproject components. 2) Site Selection. The locations considered for the subproject are within the areas designated for tourism support infrastructure development as part of developing Tamil Nadu’s conservation, heritage, natural and cultural attractions, and are outside areas demarcated for habitat protection and conservation. The proposed infrastructures will not impact any environmentallysensitive or protected areas rather it will enhance the tourism experience and livelihood of the local people in total. The public, Govt & local bodies are very much keen into taking up these proposed works. The entire town and adjoining areas are under corporation control who has proposed this project. This proposal suggests areas which are uncovered with the needed basic amenities. Further, there is no possibility of presence of non titled street vendors and no displacement or shifting of nontitled street vendors would be required in these sites that have been identified for sub projects.

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3) Priority is to locate construction work camps, stockpile areas, storage areas, and disposal areas near the subproject sites. However, if it is deemed necessary to locate elsewhere, sites to be considered will not promote instability and result in destruction of property, vegetation, irrigation, and drinking water supply systems. Residential areas will not be considered to protect the human environment (i.e., to curb accident risks, health risks due to air and water pollution and dust, and noise, and to prevent social conflicts, shortages of amenities, and crime).

4.2 Design Impacts and Pre-Construction Impacts 1) Impacts arising from the inappropriate designs of proposed facilities would in general include the inadequate collection and conveyance system for solid waste, construction materials sourcing and construction techniques to be adopted, site selection, etc. The results of interventions are unobtrusive and will be integral part of the overall ambience so as to avoid impacts on the livelihood of the site. A structural design has been worked out in such a manner that exposed steel and concrete structures are avoided. 2) All component designs has been worked out to minimize any impacts on the adjoining properties, and considering the need of the facilities for the floating population. Given that the there is a need for disposal of construction wastes, the contractors will be required to consult with the Project Implementation Unit (PIU), Panchayat offices, and Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board for safe disposal sites. 3) Telephone lines, electric poles and wires, water and drainage lines within the existing rightof way (ROW) may be damaged. To mitigate the adverse impacts due to relocation of the utilities, the Design and Supervision Consultants (DSC) and PIU will: (i) Identify and include locations and operators of these utilities in the detailed design documents to prevent unnecessary disruption of services during construction phase; and

(ii) Require construction contractors to prepare a contingency plan to include actions to be done in case of unintentional interruption of services

4.3 Construction Impacts

1) The impacts are generic to the construction activities in all subproject locations.

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All construction activities to be undertaken at the site will be approved by competent authority before start of any such activity in the vicinity of the site so that the history and sanctity as well as the usability of the site by the local people and projected number of tourists are not hampered. Hence, the EMP emphasizes on the construction impacts and necessary mitigation measures to be strictly followed by the contractor and supervised by the DSC. Key impacts during construction, are envisaged on the following aspects: (i) drainage, (ii) slope cutting and slope Stability (iii) water bodies and drainage courses (iv) dust generation, air and noise from construction activities, (v) handling of construction materials at site, (vi) adoption of safety measures during construction; and (vii) community health and safety.

4.4 Operation and Maintenance Impacts

1) The impacts pertaining to waste collection, cleaning of septic tanks and soakpits, maintaining hygienic conditions of the toilet facilities, will be addressed through an assessment of the Operation and Management of the proposed facilities in frequent intervals/regular inspection. Planning of the extent of facilities and infrastructure in line with the Maintenance plan as well as the involvement of the local communities in the management facilities created in the project will address the operation stage impacts.

2) The proposed facilities will greatly improve the environmental quality in and around the destinations, and also enhance the livelihood of the local population. While the enhanced tourist generation due to these improvements may not be significant, the facilities will enhance the site experience of the tourist/pilgrim. The project will facilitate environmental improvements through the provision of training to operators for all sanitation and solid waste facilities provided by the Project, in order to sustain any improvements made.

4.5 Cumulative Impact Assessment

1) The cumulative impact assessment (CIA) examined the interaction between the subproject’s residual effects (i.e., those effects that remain after mitigation measures have been applied) and those associated with other past, existing and reasonably foreseeable future projects or activities.

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2) Two boundaries, spatial and temporal, were used. Spatial boundary refers to the area immediately surrounding the subproject location; while the temporal area considers the potential cumulative effects associated with subproject construction, and operation and maintenance, and those associated with other past, existing and reasonably foreseeable projects in the vicinity of the subproject. For the subproject, the spatial boundary is the area of the subprojects including existing ROWs. The temporal boundary can be considered as the districts where the subproject sites are located.

3) The subproject’s potential cumulative effects were considered with respect to valued components (VCs), identified in the IEE as air quality, noise, surface water quality, geophysical (hydrogeological), traffic management, socialeconomic and socio community, and human health. The cumulative impacts were assessed in four areas:

• Of any potential residual project effects that may occur incrementally over time;

• Consideration of other known relevant projects or activities within the specified study area boundaries, even if not directly related to the subproject;

• Potential overlapping impacts that may occur due to other developments, even if not directly related to the proposed project; and

• Future developments that is reasonably foreseeable and sufficiently certain to proceed.

4) Air Quality: The air environment of the sub project areas is generally found to be good and is free from industries polluting the atmospheric environment. The ambient air quality in the sub project areas is generally found to be within acceptable standards. Impact on air quality (if any) during construction stage are due to operation of various construction equipments and transport vehicles. Consequently, although emissions of common air contaminants (CAC) and fugitive dust may be elevated in proximity to the active work sites, this impact will be of shortterm and localized to the immediate vicinity of the project site.

Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions may increase as a result of project activities (i.e., vehicle and equipment operation, concrete production, disposal of excavated material, land filling of residual wastes). Given the subproject’s relatively minor

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contribution to CAC and GHG emissions during construction, the overall significance rating of both these potential residual effects is considered to be negligible during construction. 5) Noise Levels: Most part of the sub project area is in quite environment. Noise intensive industrial operations are not observed in the project influence area. However ambient noise levels both at day and night times as observed during the year 2006 is in Table 3 which reveals that the noise level is within permissible levels. Noise levels in the immediate proximity of most work sites are expected to increase during construction. The duration of this exposure will be relatively brief. This exposure represents temporary, localized, adverse residual effect of low to moderate significance for affected receptors. While building damage due to ground vibrations is unlikely, there may be annoyance to spatially located receptors during construction. Noise levels associated with the subproject operations will be largely imperceptible as civil works will be confined in relatively small sites within the district proper. 6) Since the subproject will be built in existing infrastructures, it will not conflict with existing or planned land use. However, traffic management concerns will occur spatially during construction. Sitespecific mitigation measures will be implemented during construction to address temporary disruptions to land use, limitations on access to roads, sidewalk closures, traffic delays and detours, parking modifications, and increased volumes of construction–related traffic. There should be improved traffic movement along the access routes once construction is completed. During operations of the improved infrastructures and services, added residential developments, commercial and business facilities and increased densities are expected to develop and enhance the subproject area. This can be considered a longterm cumulative benefit of the subproject. (Refer Environmental Management plan for Sub project Specific impacts and their mitigation measures)

7) No adverse residual effects to human health will occur as a result of subproject construction or operation. While exposure to elevated noise levels and fugitive dust and CAC emissions will occur in proximity to subproject work sites during construction, due to their short term, localized nature, these effects are expected to be minor and insignificant with no measurable effects on human health. The

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subproject operations will benefit the general public by contributing to the long term improvement of tourism in Tamil Nadu and livelihood opportunities to the local people.

4.6 Environment Management Plan

i. The specific measures stated in the EMP will address all adverse environmental impacts due to the subproject. A detailed monitoring plan prepared as part of this IEE will ensure negative environmental impacts during implementation are mitigated. During the Construction stage, the IEE/EMP will be further updated and standalone EMPs will be prepared. EMPs will be appended to the respective contract documents to enable integration of environmental provisions in the contract.

ii. The project subcomponents proposed has been classified as Category B, as it is likely to have minimal or no adverse environmental impacts and therefore does not require conducting EIA or IEE. However, an Environmental Management Plan for the interventions is prepared as described in Chapter 5.

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5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 5.1 Institutional Arrangements

1. The Government of Tamil Nadu through Department of Tourism and Culture (DOT&C), is the Executing Agency (EA). The EA (i) assumes overall responsibility for the execution of the Project and reporting; (ii) engage adequate permanent or fixed term staff to implement the Project; (iii) setup a statelevel project management unit (PMU) and project implementation units (PIU); (iv) provide overall strategic guidance on technical supervision and project execution; and (v) ensure overall compliance with the loan covenants.

2. The implementing agency (IA) is the Tamil Nadu Department of Tourism (DoT). The IA’s responsibilities include (i) project planning and budgeting; (ii) daytoday assistance, supervision and guidance for the project implementation units and their consultants; (iii) review subprojects for due diligence requirements and approve subproject proposals; (iv) bidding, evaluation and contract award; (v) managing and disbursing funds; (vi) review compliance with loan covenants, contract specifications, work plans and quality control; and (vii) consolidate and submit progress reports, finance and accounting / audit reports, and matters requiring higherlevel decision to statelevel empowered committee (SLEC) and ADB.

5.2 Program Management

1) State Level steering committee chaired by Minister of Tourism and Chief Secretary

2) State Level Empowered Committees. An SLEC has been established in Tamil Nadu, chaired by state Chief Secretary, with Principal Secretary/Secretary of the Department of Tourism as member secretary and comprised of secretaries from relevant line departments. The SLEC have been empowered to take all decisions on behalf of the State and will (i) act as a policy making body, (ii) provide overall advice and guidance to the State’s executing agency and PMU, and (iii) accord all approvals under the Project. 3) Project Management unit. DoT has established a PMU, headed by a fulltime Program Director (PD), and consisting of personnel drawn from relevant line Departments and market. The PMU is the nodal agency for overall management of all program activities and will be responsible for: (i) project planning and budgeting;

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(ii) providing daytoday assistance, supervision and guidance for the PIUs and their consultants; (iii) reviewing subprojects to satisfy ADB’s due diligence requirements and approving subproject proposals submitted by PIU and line departments; (iv) bidding, evaluation and contract award; (v) managing and disbursing funds; (vi) reviewing compliance with loan covenants, contract specifications, work plans and quality control; (vii) consolidating and submitting progress reports, finance and accounting/audit reports, and matters requiring higherlevel decision, to the SLEC and ADB. The PMU will be supported by a team of consultants.

4) State Level steering committee chaired by Minister of Tourism and Chief Secretary The members of the Tamil Nadu SLEC will be: Chief Secretary, (chair); Principal Secretary/Secretary, Tourism and Culture; Secretary, Department of Finance; Secretary, Planning and Special Initiatives; Secretary, Public Works Department; Secretary, Highways and Minor Ports; Secretary Forests and Environment; Secretary, Housing and Urban Development; Secretary, Municipal Administration, Water and Sanitation; Secretary, Rural Development; Secretary Power; Secretary, Revenue Department; Secretary, Department of Health and family Welfare; Secretary, Agriculture; Secretary, Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments (HR&CE), Commissioner, Department of Archaeology; Secretary, Department of Transport; and Commissioner, Department of Tourism.

5) Project Implementation Unit. The IA will have PIUs for the implementation and monitoring of subprojects, comprising of personnel drawn from relevant line Departments and outside of Government (market) and each headed by a Project Manager. The PIUs will be responsible for: (i) prioritizing and preparing subproject proposals; (ii) providing dayto day assistance, supervision and guidance to the design and supervision consultants; (iii) conducting detailed assessments and surveys including public consultation and input from stakeholders; (iv) preparing detailed designs, specifications, schedule of quantity, bidding documents, and related documentation; (v) implementing civil works and related activities; (vi) reporting to PMU; (vii) preparing regular progress reports for the SLEC, the executing agency and ADB through PMU; and (viii) supervising construction, conducting quality control, approving progress payments to contractors; and (ix) maintaining records and accounts on an uptodate basis and making these available to ADB, its missions, or auditors for inspection.

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6) Project Management Consultants. The Project Management Consultants (PMC) will be engaged to provide support to the PMU in overall planning, risk management, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of projects under the Investment Program. The PMC will also assist the PMU and PIUs in meeting the relevant requirements of ADB, Government of Tamil Nadu, and Government of India for project implementation. The PMC will report to and work under the overall guidance of the PMU. The scope of services of the PMCs will include but not necessarily be limited to: (i) planning, reporting, and communication; (ii) establishment of procedures and systems; (iii) review and preparation of plans, manuals and reports; (iv) overall Investment Program management, monitoring and implementation of PPMS; and (v) social, environmental, archaeological, occupational health and safety, community participation and gender action compliance monitoring.

7) Design and Supervision Consultants. The DSCs will be engaged to provide all necessary support to and coordination with the EA, IAs, PMU and any other consultants engaged by the authorities to achieve the desired outcomes of the Investment Program. The DSCs will report to and work under the overall guidance of the PIUs. The scope of services of the DSCs will include but not necessarily be limited to: (i) surveys, verification of feasibility studies and base maps; (ii) project planning and management support to the PIU; (iii) finalization of design criteria, preparation of manuals, guidelines and systems; (iv) preparation of detailed design and bid documents; (v) construction management and contract administration; (vi) environmental, social, archaeological, cultural heritage, community participation and gender action compliance monitoring; and (vii) capacity building of the service providers for operational sustainability.

The Implementation Strategy (refer Appendix3) have been prepared with reference to available data and however it would be revised depending on the contractors work programme and also since the volume and nature of balance project work under Tranche 1 and the new projects to be identified under Tranche 2 is unknown and have not been finalized, the above mentioned schedule is tentative and shall be revised at the later stage based on the award of contract or commencement of work.

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5.2.1 Safeguards Management 1) An Environmental Staff is to be deputized to the PMU, and responsible for implementations of the environmental safeguard provisions.

2) Within the PMC team, a Safeguards Specialist provides overall direction for management of environmental and social issues, and provides technical support to the PMU including implementation of the environmental requirements, according to ADB requirements, and assists in monitoring impacts and mitigation measures associated with subprojects. The responsibilities of t he PMC Safeguards Specialist – Environment include but not limited to:

• Review the updated IEE prepared by the DSCs for Project 2 after the detailed designs, and guide the DSCs/PIUs to address observations from ADB on the IEEs/EMPs; • Ensure that the project design and specification adequately reflect the IEEs/EMP; • support PMU in ensuring conformance to the ADB Safeguards Policy Statement (SPS) 2009 on environmental safeguards and the provisions of the EARF; • Prepare IEEs and other safeguards reports for subsequent projects under the Investment Program; • Assist PMU in establishing grievance redress mechanism under the Investment Program; • Guide and monitor DSC safeguard specialists works on environmental safeguards; • Based on the project requirements, carry out site visits along with the PMU to address issues if any, with respect to EMP implementation; • Carry out capacity building of the PMU/PIU environmental safeguards personnel; • Assist PMU in review of the monthly monitoring reports from PIU of EMP Implementation, and in preparation and submission of semiannual monitoring Reports to ADB; • Coordinate in obtaining of requisite clearances, permits, and approvals for the project;

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• Monitor construction activities to ensure in compliance with the IEE/EMP and Advise DSCs/PIUs for compliance with statutory requirements; • Review and approve the Contractor’s Implementation Plan for the environmental measures as per IEE/EMP; • Establish dialogue with affected communities and ensure that the environmental concerns and suggestions are incorporated and implemented in the project; • Review environmental performance of the project through an assessment of the periodic environmental monitoring reports submitted by the DSC, and initiate necessary followup actions; • Provide support and assistance to government agencies and ADB to supervise the implementation of the IEE/EMP during the construction as well as operation stage of the project; • Assist the PMU/PIUs in disclosure of the safeguards documents in accordance with the EARF requirements • Ensure IEEs/EMPs are reviewed and approved by ADB prior to contract award.

3) The Environmental Specialist of the DSC team will: • Assist in preparing and update subproject IEEs in respect to environmental management plans (EMPs) in compliance with the ADB Safeguard Policy Statement, national and statelevel environmental policies, rules, and regulations; • Interact on a regular basis with the sector specialists of the DSC and integrate environmentally sound practices into the detailed design of project components. Include mitigation measures in designs where appropriate, and to specify other measures in construction contracts; • Assist the PIU in monitoring impacts and mitigation measures associated with subprojects in accordance with the IEEs, EMPs, and/or environmental mitigation action plan as well as any other environmental issues and take corrective actions where needed; • Assist in the review and approval of site specific environmental enhancement /mitigation designs worked out by the Contractor to ensure compliance with the IEE and EMP; • Assist the PIU in preparing monthly and annual environmental compliance

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reports for all works in accordance with the EMP for each of the subprojects and the overall Project; • Develop, organise and deliver environmental training programs and workshops for the staff of the PIU and Contractors and in accordance to the Capacity Building Program as specified in the IEE. Provide training to the PIU for environmental management and monitoring during construction and operation; • Advise PMU/PIU for compliance with statutory clearances; • Develop good practice construction guidelines to assist the contractors in implementing the provisions of IEE; • Work with local NGOs to conduct environmental awareness events which highlight conservation and benefits of ecotourism principles; and • Assist Environmental Specialist of the PMU to prepare good practice dissemination notes based on the experience gained from site supervision. 4) Contractors will be required by their contracts to implement all specified mitigation, monitoring, and reporting assigned to contractors as presented in subproject IEE. Environmental monitoring will be undertaken by the PMU supported by the PMC Environmental Specialist.

5) The project includes upfront and ongoing supervision and training assistance for environmental monitoring reporting in project management structures. The effective implementation of the measures proposed will be ensured through the building up of capacity towards environmental management within the PMU supplemented with the technical expertise of a Safeguards Specialist as part of the DSC Consultants.

5.3 Environmental Management Plan

As per the Asian Development Bank’s (ADB) Environmental Assessment Guidelines, the subproject components have been categorized as ‘B’ and an IEE carried out. Towards addressal of the construction impacts, this Environmental management plan (EMP) outlining the specific environmental measures to be adhered to during implementation of the subproject has been prepared. This will enable integration of environmental provisions / management measures in the Contract Document.

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Table – 5 – Environmental Management Plan

Activity / Responsible Sl.no Potential Mitigation Measures agencies Impacts

Pre-Construction Stage

All clearance required for Environmental aspects during construction shall be ULB / PIU / Concerned 1 Clearances ensured and made available before start of work. Departments & agency / contractor

2 Tree Cutting • No trees will be felled for establishing these facilities. Trees will be saved by Contractor / PIU changing the infrastructure component. Adequate protection to the trees to will be ensured by providing tree guards (e.g. masonry tree guards, l ow level RCC tree guards and c ircular iron tree guard with bars) as required. • Compensatory plantation by way of re plantation of at least thrice the number of trees cut should be carried out in the project area.

3 Utility Relocation i) Identify the common utilities to be affected such as: telephone cables, electric PIU / Concerned cables, electric poles, water pipelines, public water taps, etc ii) Affected utilities departments/DSC shall be relocated with prior approval of the concerned agencies before construction starts.

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Activity / Responsible Sl.no Potential Mitigation Measures agencies Impacts

4 Baseline Prior to commencement of construction activities, environmental monitoring will be Contractor / PIU / DSC Data generation conducted through an approved agency towards generating baseline parameters. Further, adequate measures shall be implemented as per EMP to check the Baseline parameters of Air, Water, soil and Noise pollution. Base line parameters shall be monitored and recorded and ensured conformance intermittently as per the monitoring plan till the completion of the project.

5 Planning of i) If necessitated during project construction phase, temporary diversion will be Contractor / PIU / DSC temporary provided with the approval of the engineer. Detailed traffic control plans will be Traffic prepared and submitted to the engineers for approval, one week prior to arrangement commencement of works. ii) The traffic control plans shall contain details of temporary diversion, details of arrangements for construction under traffic, details of traffic arrangement after cessation of work each day, sign boards, safety measures for transport of hazardous materials and arrangement of flagmen.

6 Disposal of treated Waste water generated if any will be contained, desilted, treated and disposed in Contractor/ PIU/DSC Waste water sewerage lines. Alternatively, the waste water will be sprinkled for dust suppression.

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Activity / Responsible Sl.no Potential Mitigation Measures agencies Impacts

7 Storage of The contractor shall identify the site for temporary use of land for Contractor / PIU /DSC materials construction sites /storage of construction materials, etc.

Construction Stage

1.1 Shifting of Ensure community consensus and minimum impact to common utilities like telephone Concerned departments common cable, electric cables, electric poles, water taps and etc., Proper clearance is to be and PIU utilities obtained from the concerned authorities before commencement of works.

1.2 Compensatory Attempts will be made by altering the locations of these facilities so that the issue of Contractor / PIU plantation of trees tree felling does not arise. If inevitable, trees will be felled with prior permission and compensatory plantation will be carried out as per the directives of the Forest department.

1.3 Disposal of The contractor shall identify the sites for debris disposal prior to start of the Prospective Construction earthworks; taking into account the following: Contractor / PIU / DSC debris and (a) The dumping does not impact natural drainage courses excavated (b) no endangered / rare flora is impacted by such dumping materials. (c) Settlement area located at least

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Activity / Responsible Sl.no Potential Mitigation Measures agencies Impacts 1.0 km away from the site. (d) Should be located in non residential areas located in the downwind side (e) located at least 100m from the designated forest land. (f) Avoid disposal on productive land. (g) Should be located with the consensus of the local community, in consultation with the engineer and shall be approved by the highways department Minimize the construction debris by balancing the cut and fill requirements. (Preferably reused as filling or spread material and covered with a productive layer of soil)

1.4 Planning for Before taking up of construction activity, a Traffic Control Plan shall be prepared if Contractor/ PIU /DSC temporary traffic necessary and implemented to the satisfaction of the Engineer diversions Construction shall be taken in a phased manner. Temporary diversion will be provided with the approval of the engineer. The arrangement for the temporary diversion of the road shall ensure to minimize the environmental impacts, like loss of vegetation, productive lands etc., prior to the

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Activity / Responsible Sl.no Potential Mitigation Measures agencies Impacts finalization of diversion and detours. Special consideration will be given to the preparation of the traffic control plan for safety of pedestrians and workers at night. The contractor will ensure that the diversion / detour is always maintained in running condition, particularly during the monsoon to avoid disruption to traffic flow. He shall inform local community of changes to traffic routes, conditions and pedestrians access arrangements. This plan will be periodically reviewed with respect to site conditions. The temporary traffic detour will be kept free of dust by frequent application of water.

1.5 Protection of The top productive soil to be scooped out is protected and reused over a piece of land for Contractor top soil enhancing productivity.

1.6 Potential risk of Adequate precautions should be taken while laying the sewer lines to avoid the contractor/PIU/DSC cross connection possibility of cross connection with water supply lines.

1.7 Flooding in Low lying areas in the project site can get flooded during monsoon period; to prevent the Contractor/ PIU/DSC the low lying areas situation proper drainage arrangements has to be planned and implemented

1.8 Temporary flooding Proper drainage arrangements to be made, to avoid the overflowing of existing drains Contractor / PIU/DSC

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Activity / Responsible Sl.no Potential Mitigation Measures agencies Impacts due to excavation. due to excavation during the laying of sewer mains/pipe lines.

1.9 Temporary i) Establish coordination with the concerned department to avoid or minimize the water supply interruption of regular supply of drinking water to the residents. Contractor/ PIU interruptions ii) Proper alternative arrangements to be planned when interruption of drinking water supply to the nearby residents.

1.10 Use of modern Using of modern machinery such as JCBs, Backhoes etc, shall be used to minimize the Contractor machinery construction period; it will also reduce the construction impacts to the nearby residents.

1.11 Traffic i) Temporary traffic arrangements to be planned during construction. This plan shall be Contractor/ PIU/DSC diversion periodically reviewed with respect to site condition and concerned departments.

1.12 Prevention of Prevention o f accidents involving humanbeings, animals or vehicles falling or Contractor/ PIU/DSC accidents accidents due to open trenches during construction period. This needs to be ensured with proper barricading, signage boards and lighting etc.

1.13 Barricading The construction site should be barricaded at all time till its completion with adequate Contractor/DSC/PIU site marking, flags, reflectors etc. for safety of general traffic movement and pedestrians.

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Activity / Responsible Sl.no Potential Mitigation Measures agencies Impacts

1.14 Dust i) All earth work will be protected in the manner acceptable to the engineer to Contractor/ PIU/DSC Pollution near minimize generation of dust. Area under construction shall be intermittently settlements sprinkled with water towards dust suppression. ii) Construction material shall be kept covered or stored in such a manner so as to avoid being airborne because of the wind flow. iii) Trucks carrying construction material to be adequately covered to avoid the dust pollution and to avoid the material spillage.

1.15 Protection of i) Noisy construction operations in residential and sensitive areas shall be carried out only Contractor /DSC/ PIU Residential / between 6.00 am and 6.00 pm. sensitive ii) Preventive maintenance of construction equipment and vehicles are to be carried out to receptors. meet emission standards and to keep them with low noise. iii) Provision of generators and concrete mixers with acoustic enclosures are to be made at site. iv) Sound barriers in inhabited areas shall be installed during the construction phase. v) Adequate barricading / other measures to protect dust pollution near sensitive

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Activity / Responsible Sl.no Potential Mitigation Measures agencies Impacts receptors like schools and hospital to be ensured.

1.16 Vehicular i) Idling of temporary trucks or other equipment should not be permitted during periods Contractor /DSC/PIU Noise pollution at of loading / unloading or when they are not in active use. This shall be ensured residential / especially near residential / commercial / sensitive areas. sensitive ii) Stationary construction equipment will be kept at least 500m away from sensitive receptors. receptors. iii) All possible and practical measures to control noise emissions during drilling shall be employed. The project manager may direct to take adequate controls measures depending on site conditions.

1.17 Noise from iv) Servicing of all construction vehicles and machinery will be carried out regularly and Contractor / DSC/PIU vehicles, plants during routine servicing operations, the effectiveness of exhaust silencers will be and equipment checked and if found defective will be replaced. v) Maintenance of vehicles, equipment and machinery shall be regular and up to the satisfaction of the Engineer to keep noise levels at the minimum as per the PCB norms.

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1.18 Storage of Site for storage of construction materials to be identified, without obstructing the traffic Contractor/PIU/DSC construction and other common utilities. materials

1.19 Labour facilities Adequate potable water facilities, sanitation and drainage , in conformity with the Indian labour laws shall be ensured. Contractor / PIU/DSC The contractor shall also guarantee the following: i) The construction of temporary toilets to labours will commence only upon the written approval of the Engineer. ii) The Contractor shall make arrangements towards potable water is available for drinking, cooking and washing. iii) Supply of sufficient quantity of potable water as per BIS in every workplace site at suitable and easily accessible places and regular maintenance of such facilities. iv) The sewer lines for the sanitary complex shall be designed, built and operated in such a fashion that no health hazards occurs and no pollution to the air, ground water or adjacent water courses take place; ensure adequate water supply to all toilets and urinals.

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1.20 Waste i) The contractor shall provide garbage bins in the work site and ensure that these Contractor/DSC/PIU Disposal are regularly emptied and disposed off in a hygienic manner as per the Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan approved by the Engineer.

1.21 Pollution from i) The contractor shall ensure that all construction vehicle parking location, fuel / Contractor/DSC/PIU fuel and lubricants storage sites; vehicle, machinery and equipment maintenance and refuelling sites shall be located away from rivers, irrigation canal/ponds and water lubricants bodies. ii) Contractor shall ensure that all vehicle / machinery and equipment operation, maintenance and refuelling will be carried out in such a fashion that spillage of fuels and lubricants does not contaminate the ground. iii) Contractor shall arrange for collection, storing and disposal of oily wastes to the pre identified disposal sites (list to be submitted to Engineer) and approved by the Engineer. All spill and collected petroleum products will be disposed off in accordance with MoEF and state PCB guidelines. iv) Engineer will certify that all arrangements comply with the guidelines of PCB/ MoEF or any other relevant laws.

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Activity / Responsible Sl.no Potential Mitigation Measures agencies Impacts

1.22 Pollution from The Contractor shall take all precautionary measures to prevent the wastewater Contractor / DSC/PIU Construction generated during construction from entering into streams, water bodies or the irrigation system. All waste arising from the project is to be disposed off in the Wastes manner that is acceptable by the engineer. The engineer shall certify that all liquid wastes disposed off from the sites meet the discharge standard.

1.23 Risk from The contractor shall take all required precautions to prevent danger from Electrical electrical equipment and ensure that Contractor/DSC/PIU Equipment(s) i) No material will be so stacked or placed as to cause danger or inconvenience to any person or the public. ii) All necessary fencing and lights will be provided to protect the public in construction zones. All machines to be used in the construction will conform to the relevant Indian Standards (BIS) codes, will be free from patent defect, will be kept in good working order, will be regularly inspected and properly maintained as per BIS provision and to the satisfaction of the Engineer.

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Activity / Responsible Sl.no Potential Mitigation Measures agencies Impacts

1.24 Safety i) Adequate precautions shall be taken to prevent the accidents and from the machineries. aspects All machines used shall conform to the relevant Indian standards Code and shall be Contractor/DSC/PIU regularly monitored by the Project Manager. ii) Where loose soil is met with, shoring and strutting as per standard shall be provided to avoid collapse of soil. iii) Protective footwear and protective goggles shall be provided to all workers employed on mixing of materials like cement, concrete etc. iii) Welder’s protective eyeshields shall be provided to workers who are engaged in welding works. iv) Earplugs shall be provided to workers exposed to loud noise and workers working in crushing, compaction, or concrete mixing operation. v) The contractor shall supply all necessary safety appliances such as safety goggles, helmets, safety belts, ear plugs, mask etc to workers and staff. The contractor shall comply with all the precautions as required for ensuring the safety of the workmen as per the International Labour Organization(ILO) Convention No. 62 as far as those are applicable to this contract.

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Activity / Responsible Sl.no Potential Mitigation Measures agencies Impacts The contractor will make sure that during the construction work all relevant provisions of the Factories Act, 1948 and the Building and other Construction Workers (regulation of Employment and Conditions of Services) Act, 1996 are adhered to. The contractor shall not employ any person below the age of 14 years for any work and no woman will be employed on the work of painting with products containing lead in any form.

1.25 First Aid The contractor shall arrange for: Contractor/DSC/PIU i) A readily available first aid unit including an adequate supply of sterilized dressing materials and appliances as per the Factories Rules in every work zone ii) Availability of suitable transport at all times to take injured or sick person(s) to the nearest hospital for treatment.

1.26 Chance found The contractor will take reasonable precaution to prevent his workmen or any Contractor/DSC/PIU Flora and other persons from removing and damaging any flora (plant/vegetation) and fauna Fauna (animal) including fishing in any water body and hunting of any animal. If any, upon discovery thereof acquaint the Engineer and carry out the Engineer's instructions for dealing with the same.

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Activity / Responsible Sl.no Potential Mitigation Measures agencies Impacts The Engineer will report to the nearest forest office (range office or divisional office) and will take appropriate steps/ measures, if required in consultation with the forest officials.

1.27 Environmental The PMU/PIU with the help of DSC shall undertake seasonal monitoring of air, water, PMU/PIU/DSC Monitoring noise and soil quality through an approved professional environmental monitoring agency. The parameter to be monitored, frequency and duration of monitoring plan shall be accordingly decided as per the norms of PCB.

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5.4 Environmental Monitoring Plan

Environmental monitoring will be done during construction at three levels; namely monitoring development of project performance indicators by the DSC Environmental Specialist, monitoring (by DSC and PMC) over the implementation of mitigation measures done by the Contractor and overall regulatory monitoring of the environmental issues by the PMU Environmental Specialist. The proposed monitoring of all relevant environmental parameters, with a description of the sampling stations, frequency of monitoring, applicable standards and responsible agencies are presented. The environmental monitoring plan for the project is presented in Table 6.

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Table 6: Environmental Monitoring Plan Attribute Project Parameter Special Guidance Standards Frequency Duration Location Implementation Stage Air Three Use method specified by Along Construction (prevention seasons By Contractor CPCB for analysis. the road SO2, NOx, and Control per year through Environmental 24 hours Air PM10, PM2.5, of Competent monitoring shall be Three Sampling CO Pollution) Along Professional Operation1 conducted by NABL seasons for Rules, the road Agency aggregated laboratory. one year CPCB, 2009 Equivalent noise levels Three Along Construction using an integrated noise seasons the road level meter kept at a per year Leq in By Contractor Noise levels distance of 15 from edge MoEF dB(A) of through Noise on dB (A) of pavement Equivalent Noise day time Competent Three scale noise levels using an Rules, 2000 and night Along Professional Operation seasons for integrated noise level time the road Agency one year meter kept at a distance of 15 from

1 Parameters to be monitored for Operation stage is same as Construction stage

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Attribute Project Parameter Special Guidance Standards Frequency Duration Location Implementation Stage edge of pavement. Environmental monitoring shall be conducted by NABL aggregated laboratory. All essential characteristics Grab sample collected and some of from source and Analyse Indian desirable as per Standard Methods Standards By Contractor Periphery characteristics for Examination of Water for Three through Grab of the Water Construction as decided by and Wastewater. Inland seasons Competent Sampling sanitary the Environmental Surface per year Professional Complex Environmental monitoring shall be Waters (IS: Agency Specialist of conducted by NABL 2296, 1982 the SC and aggregated laboratory. PIU Monitoring of Sample of soil collected Threshold Once in a Grab Periphery By Contractor Soil Construction Pb, SAR and to acidified and analysed for each year Sampling of the through

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Attribute Project Parameter Special Guidance Standards Frequency Duration Location Implementation Stage Oil & using absorption contaminant sanitary Competent Grease Spectrophotometer. set by IRIS Complex Professional Environmental database of Agency monitoring shall be USEPA conducted by NABL until aggregated laboratory. national standards are promulgated

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Apart from the above mentioned monitoring requirements, any major accidents /spillage during bulk transport of hazardous materials. Depending on the type of spillages / accidents the parameters to be monitored will be decided by the engineer and should be carried out by the contractor through approved monitoring agencies and supervised by the Implementing agency at their own cost. Formats for reporting: Formats for reporting / monitoring the progress / parameters achieved will be finalized in consultation with the successful bidder. However, the suggested monitoring report format is in Appendix 4 Environmental Compliance Report:  The contractor should deploy Environmental and Social Safeguard (ESS) Manager to have uninterrupted communication with the DSC’s Environmental specialist.  The contractor shall submit a monthly progress report as per the reporting format approved by the engineer, on the status of the implementation of the EMP, and get it duly approved by the engineer for its compliance and for proceeding with the work.  The monthly report should necessarily address the EMP clauses vs. the status of the compliances, deviations if any future course of actions with photographic evidences. 5.5 Capacity Building

5.5.1 Target Audience

The Environmental Specialist of the DSC will provide the basic training required for environmental awareness followed by specific aspects of infrastructure improvement projects along with Environmental implications for projects located within / in the vicinity of natural and cultural heritage sites. Specific modules customized for the available skill set will be devised after assessing the capabilities of the members of the Training Programme and the requirements of the project. The entire training would cover basic principles of environmental assessment and management; mitigation plans and programmes, implementation techniques, monitoring methods and tools. The proposed training program along with the frequency of sessions is presented in Table 7

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Table 7: Training Modules for Environmental Management

Form of Duration / Training Conducting Programme Description Participants Training Location Agency A. Pre-Construction Stage Introduction to Environment: Basic Tourism / Forest / Roads / Concept of Environmental Culture Department Regulations, Guidelines, EIA Sensitization Officials, Project Director Lectures cum ½ Working Environmental Notification, process and methodology interaction & Workshop (PD) and Environmental Workshop Day Specialist of the DSC for IEE, EMPs and their use and Specialist (ES) of the Statutory requirements as per PMU/PIU & PMC Government of India and ADB. Session I Introduction to Environment: Basic Concept of Environment Safeguards Regulations and Statutory PMU/PIU (including the requirements as per Govt. of India and ES), PMC and Engineering 1 Working Safeguards Specialist Module I Lecture ADB guidelines on cultural resources, staff of the implementing Day of the DSC Environmental considerations in Agencies planning, design and implementing projects.

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Environmental components impacted in constructions and operation stages Activities causing pollution during Construction and Operation stages PMU/PIU/PMC (including Environmental Management ¼ Working Safeguards Specialist Module II the ES) and Engineering Workshop Environmental Provisions Day of the DSC. staff of Tourism Dept. Implementation Arrangements Methodology of Assessment Good Engineering Practices to be integrated into Contract Documents. Implementation of EMPs:

Basic features of an EMP, Planning, Safeguards Specialist designing and execution of Lecture / of the PMC with PMU/PIU (including the environmental mitigation and Interactive 2 Working support from the Module III ES) Engineering staff of enhancement measures, monitoring sessions and Days conservation Tourism Dept. and evaluation of environmental site visits specialist of the conditions – during construction and PMC. operation Improved co-ordination with other PMU/PIU (including the Lecture / 1 Working Safeguards Specialist Module IV Departments: Statutory permissions – ES) Engineering staff of Interactive Day of the DSC.

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Procedural requirements cooperation Tourism Dept. & PMC sessions and co ordination with other Departments. Environmental principles of eco Lecture / Local community groups, ½ Working Institutes as the Wild Module V tourism and training and awareness Interactive NGOs Day Life Institute of India building sessions B. Construction Stage Session II Role during Construction Roles and

Responsibilities of Officials / Engineers and Staff of Line Lecture / Contractors / Consultants towards Departments of the Govt. of ½ Working Safeguards Specialist Module VI Interactive protection of Environment Tamil Nadu and PMU/PIU Day of the DSC sessions Implementation Arrangements (including the ES) Monitoring Mechanisms

Session III Identification of birds species in Pong Staff of Forest Wetland, habits of species, biology, Department, Youth in the Site visits, Institutes as 57 working Module VI ecology of important species, basic villages, periphery of the Interactive the Wild Life days knowledge of reptiles of amphibians Wetland, and other NGOs sessions Institute of India and fauna in the District.

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identification of plants, including medicinal plants orientation on wetland ecology, monitoring methods, use of instruments as binoculars, digital camera, GPS, etc. Skill up gradation on ecotourism and Tourism Department, nature guides dealing with tourists Youth in the villages, Site visits, 57 Working and Institutes as the Module VII interpretational skills, micro planning, periphery and other NGOs Interactive Days Wild Life Institute of natural resources, management of self in the District sessions India. help groups, etc. Monitoring Environmental Performance during Construction: Air, Water, Soil and Noise, tree survival Monitoring requirement and Lectures, Safeguards Specialist PIU/ PMC/NGOs and techniques, Evaluation and Review of Workshop and 4 – 5 Working of the DSC – During Module VIII community representatives results, Performance indicators and site visits Days initial stage of

their applicability, possible corrective Construction actions, reporting requirements and mechanisms

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5.5.2 Environmental Awareness Building

• Distribution of Pamphlets, Posters, Brochures etc., Building an Environmental Awareness by elaborating the Do’s and Don’ts in the form of Posters, Pamphlets etc sub project specific in selected locations. For example sub project wise do’s and don’ts is as follows

Sanitary Complex S. No Do’s Don’ts 1. Periodical Cleaning should be done Improper Cleaning to be avoided Periodical cleaning of septic tank to be 2. Septic Tank should not be kept open done without any spillage or leakage Sufficient Water supply to be ensured No plastic waste and other wastes to 3. for flushing and floor cleaning be dumped into the water closet Emergency Contact Numbers to be No driving or parking over any part 4. displayed nearby (Hospital, red cross, of the septic system. Child welfare etc) Proper flushing of Water Closets to be 5. ensured

Appropriate Cleaning materials to be 6. used for cleaning

Deep Earth Bins S. No Do’s Don’ts Periodical Empting / Maintenance It should not be placed in the traffic 1. should be done before spillage zone Bins should be placed along the road It should not be placed in the 2. side such that no disturbance for vehicle’s traffic zone public to be ensured Bins to be covered properly to avoid Placement of bins at the road’s 3. bad odour into the environment junction points to be avoided

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5.6 Environmental Budget

As part of good engineering practices in the project, there have been several measures as erosion prevention, rehabilitation of borrow areas, safety, signage, provision of temporary drains, etc., the costs for which will be included in the design costs of specific subprojects. Therefore, these items of costs have not been included in the IEE budget. Only those items not covered under budgets for construction and RP are costed in the IEE budget. The IEE costs include mitigation, monitoring and capacity building costs.

Table 8: Environmental Budget

Source of Item Quantity Unit Cost (US $) Sub-total Cost (US $) Funds

Environmental Monitoring

1. Design stage to establish baseline $2,000 per Lump sum $7000 DSC cost environmental component data

Construction 2. Construction $5,000 per contractor’s phase component costs

Implementing 3. O & M Agencies cost

4. Capacity Building $25,000 $25,000 PMC/DSC cost Expenses

5.7 Environmental Monitoring and Reporting

1) The PMU will monitor and measure the progress of EMP implementation. The monitoring activities will be corresponding with the project’s risks and impacts and will be identified in the EIAs/IEEs for the subprojects. In addition to recording information of the work, deviation of work components from original

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scope, the PMU and PIU will undertake site inspections and document review to verify compliance with the EMP and progress toward the final outcome.

2) 3) DSC will submit monthly monitoring and implementation reports to PIU, who will take followup actions, if necessary. PIU will submit the quarterly monitoring and implementation reports to PMU who will then submit to the PD. The PMU will submit semiannual monitoring reports to ADB. The suggested monitoring report format is in Appendix 4. Project budgets will reflect the costs of monitoring and reporting requirements. For subprojects likely to have significant adverse environmental impacts during operation, reporting will continue at the minimum on an annual basis. Monitoring reports will be posted in a location accessible to the public.

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6.0 PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE

6.1 Process for Consultation followed

Along with municipal official, discussions/consultations were held with the local people, shop owners, AutoRickshaw owners, residents, tourist on the pros and cons of the sub projects implementation on June 2014 and their views have been integrated in the EMP.

6.2 Plan for Continued Public Participation

1) To ensure continued public participation, provisions to ensure regular and continued stakeholder participation, at all stages during the project design and implementation is proposed. A grievance redressal cell will be set up within the PIU to register grievances of the people regarding technical, social and environmental aspects. This participatory process will ensure that all views of the people are adequately reviewed and suitably incorporated in the design and implementation process. Further, to ensure an effective disclosure of the project proposals to the stakeholders and the communities in the vicinity of the subproject locations, an extensive project awareness campaigns will be carried out.

2) The implementing agency will submit to ADB the following documents for disclosure on ADB’s website: (i) the final IEE; (ii) a new or updated IEE and corrective action plan prepared during project implementation, if any; and (iii) the environmental monitoring reports.

3) For the benefit of the community the Summary IEE will be translated in the local language (Tamil) and made available at: (i) Office of the PMU; and, (ii) Office of the District Collectors at the Trichy district. These copies will be made available free of cost to any person seeking information on the same. Hard copies of the IEE will be available in the PMU/PIU as well as the district library at Trichy, and accessible to citizens as a means to disclose the document and at the same time creating wider public awareness. On demand, the person seeking information can obtain a hard copy of the complete IEE document at the cost of photocopy from the office of the PMU/PIU, on a written request and payment for the same to the Project Director. Electronic version of the IEE will be placed in the official website of the Tourism Department and the website of ADB after approval of the

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documents by Government and ADB. The PMU will issue Notification on the disclosure mechanism in local newspapers, ahead of the initiation of implementation of the project, providing information on the project, as well as the start dates, etc. The notice will be issued by the PMU in local newspapers one month ahead of the implementation works. This will create awareness of the project implementation among the public. Posters designed to mass campaign the basic tenets of the IEE will be distributed to libraries in different localities that will be generating mass awareness.

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Table 9 - Consultations with Local Community Sl. Place Name of the Participants Existing conditions and Findings from Participants Photographs No. 1 Thiruvadi street 1. N. Balagurunathan • The proposed sanitary complex is in Thiruvadi (EE)corporation Street, adjacent to a primary School. engineer(9443355647); • Previously existing ladies toilet has been 2. S.Amuthavalli demolished. AEE(9443326648); • One more Namma Toilet exists to the other corner but there is too much of traffic posing a safety concern. • Underground Drainage system is existing and operational so that the out let can be connected. • Hence, the complex is highly desirable at this location. Bore well already exist at this location.

2 Ragavendrapuram 3. Velmurugan • The proposed sanitary complex is in the corner of AE(9442642644); a street and facing towards another main road. 4. Velusamy; Road • In absence of toilet facility, people seen openly inspector; urinating on the streets. 5. K. Natarajan, • Underground Drainage system is existing and Resident operational so that the outlet can be connected. • Hence, the complex is highly desirable at this location with regular cleaning and maintenance. • Borewell need to be dug for this location.

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3 Mallataru 6. (8682017612); • The proposed sanitary complex is located to the 7. Elangovan side of the main road. (9025366930); • A temporary toilet is operational. 8. Manivel and • A slum does exist adjacent to the site. Shaktivel • In absence of proper toilet facility, people seen (Tourist); openly urinating/defecating. 9. Gubasekharan • Underground Drainage system is existing and (Tailor), operational so that the out let can be connected. • Hence, the complex is highly desirable at this location with regular cleaning and maintenance.

• Borewell need to be dug for this location. 4 Ammamandapam 10. sriram(Employee • This is located on the river bund. Already pay and of Ordance use toilets are operational. Open defecation is still Factory); a practice. 11. Krishnamurty • The complex is highly desirable at this location (Resident) with regular cleaning and maintenance. • Water supply is available and UGD facility is available.

• Further, discussion held with the Corporation staff. All the sites have been located considering the need of the localities and sites have been selected on municipality owned vacant land. • It was opined and agreed upon that most of the proposed locations being on prime locations, the Municipality will take up aesthetic enhancement measures plant planting Shrubs/Trees around the complexes. • Regular cleaning will be ensured by engaging Self Help Groups which was the biggest demand of the public. Waste yard and Compost yard is in place and operational. STP too is operational. • Waste is being collected daily through trucks, vans; disposed, segregated and composted.

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6.3 Grievance Redress Mechanism

1) The EA will establish a mechanism to receive and facilitate resolution of affected peoples’ concerns, complaints, and grievances about the Project’s environmental performance. The projectspecific grievance redress mechanism (GRM) is not intended to bypass the government’s own redress process; rather it is intended to address affected people's concerns and complaints promptly, making it readily accessible to all segments of the affected people and is scaled to the risks and impacts of the Project.

2) The PMU and PIUs will make the public aware of the GRM through public awareness campaigns. Grievances can be filed in writing using the Complaint Register and Complaint Forms (Appendix 5) or by phone with any member of the PMU or PIU. The contact phone number of the PIUs and the PMU will serve as a hotline for complaints and will be publicized through the media and placed on notice boards outside their offices and at construction sites. The safeguard documents made available to the public in an accessible version will include information on the GRM and will be widely disseminated throughout the corridor by the safeguards officers in the PMU and PIUs with support from the NGO engaged to implement the Community Awareness Program.

3) The PIUs will convene Grievance Redress Committees (GRC) within one week of the voiced grievance at the project level consisting of members of local government, NGOs, project staff, and representatives of the affected people. Decisions on the grievance are to be made within 15 days voiced grievances. If the grievance cannot be solved, the PMU is notified to further advice on the situation with higher government and legal bodies.

4) The GRC will ensure rights of vulnerable and poor are included. The grievance mechanism will be scaled to the risks and adverse impacts of the Project. It will address affected people's concerns and complaints promptly, using an understandable and transparent process that is gender responsive, culturally appropriate, and readily accessible to all segments of the affected people at no costs and without retribution. The mechanism developed will be in a manner that it shall not impede access to the existing judicial or administrative remedies. The affected

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people will be appropriately informed about the mechanism. 5) The PMU officers will be responsible for processing and placing all papers before the GRC, maintaining database of complaints, recording decisions, issuing minutes of the meetings and monitoring to see that formal orders are issued and the decisions carried out. All costs involved in resolving the complaints (meetings, consultations, communication and reporting / information dissemination) will be borne by the PMU. 6) The safeguard monitoring reports will include the following aspects pertaining to progress on grievances: (i) Number of cases registered with the GRC, level of jurisdiction (first, second and third tiers), number of hearings held, decisions made, and the status of pending Cases; and (ii) Lists of cases in process and already decided upon may be prepared with details such as Name, ID with unique serial number, date of notice, date of application, Date of hearing, decisions, remarks, actions taken to resolve issues, and status of Grievance (i.e., open, closed, pending).

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7.0 FINDINGS & RECOMMENDATIONS

1. The proposed subproject components involve various interventions in the Tiruchirappalli Corporation area, a major tourist destination in Tamil Nadu. The selection of components in line with the subproject selection criteria laid down by ADB, and the recommendations of the CPHEEO Sewerage Manual avoids any significant encroachment / direct impact on tourist attractions and the livelihood of the people in the area. Further, the siting of the components has been based on appropriate considerations to minimize environmental impacts. The subproject will conform to all Government of India/Tamil Nadu and ADB regulations, policies, and standards including all necessary government permits and clearances.

2. The significance of the environmental impacts will be primarily due to the construction related activities. The resultant potential impacts from these proposals can be offset through provision of proven mitigation measures during the design and adoption of good engineering practices during construction and implementation. Further, the provision of environmental infrastructure, including access to sanitation and waste management facilities within the tourist areas, will enhance the environmental conditions and minimize the pollution related aesthetic quality near the tourist areas and the other destinations.

3. The specific management measures laid down in the IEE will effectively address any adverse environmental impacts due to the subproject. The effective implementation of the measures proposed will be ensured through the capacity building for environmental management within the PMU supplemented with the technical expertise of a Safeguards Specialist of the DSC. Further, the environmental monitoring plans provide adequate opportunities towards course correction to address any residual impacts during construction or operation stages.

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8.0 CONCLUSIONS

1) The IEE carried out for the subproject show that the proposed subcomponents will result in net environmental benefits, and that any adverse environmental impact can be addressed through proper location, planning, and design of the proposed subproject; control of construction activity and mitigation measures. The EMP provides for mitigation of all identified impacts and the contract clauses for the environmental provisions will be part of the civil works contracts. Further, the proposed subproject elements have been consulted with the stakeholders and no significant issues requiring redressal in terms of environmental safeguards exist.

2) Based on the findings of the IEE, the classification of the subproject as Category “B” is confirmed, and no further special study or detailed EIA needs to be undertaken to comply with ADB SPS (2009).

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APPENDIX 1

CONTRACT CLAUSES TO BE INTEGRATED INTO BID DOCUMENTS

1.0 Construction of Sanitary Complex 1.0.1 Movement / Circulation Plan during Construction

• For all construction activities in active tourist destinations, the Contractor will prior to initiation of construction activities, prepare and get approved by the Engineer, a construction plan including the staging, sequencing of construction activities, circulation plans to ensure smooth movement to pilgrims and tourists, including provision of alternative routes, etc. The plans will be disseminated at key entry points to these tourist locations.

1.0.2 Quarry and Borrowing

• Considering the quantum of activities, it is envisaged that no borrow areas and quarry sites will be opened. Raw materials will be procured from licensed quarry owners. Similarly, no crusher sites will be opened by the contractor. Also, No borrow area shall be made available by the Employer for this work. The arrangement for the source of supply of the material for the civil works shall be the sole responsibility of the Contractor. 1.0.3 Debris Disposal

• Dismantled material shall be stacked, collected and disposed at suitable locations so that no such pollution arises out of this. Those shall be neatly piled at points designated by the Engineer with all lifts and leads. Materials, which can be used or auctioned, shall be stored in neat piles at locations designated by Engineer with all lifts and leads.

• The contractor will identify potential sites for disposal of hazardous construction debris and general construction wastes prior to start of construction and dismantling operations. The contractor will obtain approval on identified sites from the Engineer of Supervision Consultant and disposal will be only after consent letter from the Engineer.

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1.0.4 Precautions for Protection of Environmental Resources

• The Contractor will ensure that construction activities do not result in any contamination of land or water by polluting substances.

• Unless otherwise provided in the specifications, the Contractor will ensure that no trees or shrubs or waterside vegetation are felled or harmed except those required to be cleared for execution of the works. The Contractor will protect trees and vegetation from damage to the satisfaction of the Engineer.

• The Contractor will not use or permit the use of wood as a fuel for the execution of any part of the works and to the extent practicable, will ensure that fuels other than wood are used for cooking and heating in all camps and living accommodations. Any wood so used must be harvested legally, and the Contractor will provide the Engineer with copies of the relevant permits, if required.

• The Contractor will take all precautions necessary to ensure that vegetation existing adjacent to the project site is not affected by fires arising from the execution of the contract. Should a fire occur in the natural vegetation or plantation adjacent to the project site for any reason, the Contractor will immediately suppress it. Areas of forest, shrub, or plantation damaged by fire considered by the Engineer to have been initiated by the Contractor’s staff or labourers will be replanted or otherwise restored.

• The Contractor will confine operations to the dry season, use silt traps and dispose spoils in locations approved by the Engineer that will not promote instability and result in destruction of property, vegetation, irrigation and water supply. Disposal near wetlands, protected areas, and other areas that will inconvenience or deprive local residents of their livelihood will not be allowed. Acidic and saline spoils will not be spread into agricultural land.

• The Contractor will consult with local residents and local government before locating project offices, sheds, and construction plant.

• The Contractor will maintain ecological balance by preventing felling of trees, water pollution and defacing of natural landscape.

• In the conduct of cleaning activities and operation of equipment, the Contractor

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will utilize such practicable methods and devices as are reasonably available to control, prevent and otherwise minimize air/noise pollution.

1.0.5 Noise And Air Pollution

• The Contractor will monitor the environmental parameters periodically as specified in the monitoring plan and report to the Engineer.

• The Contractor will indemnify and keep indemnified the Employer from and against any liability for damages on account of noise or other disturbance created while carrying out the work, and from and against all claims, demands, proceedings, damages, costs, charges, and expenses, whatsoever, in regard or in relation to such liability. 1.0.6 Quality Assurance Plan / Manual

• Post the signing of the contract and prior to commencement of civil works, the contractor shall produce the Quality Assurance Plan covering the following items: (i) Names, roles, responsibilities of the key Personnel of the Contractor’s staff responsible for overseeing each major activity; (ii) Methodology and work plan for each subproject

1.0.7 Utilities Diversion

• For the utilities diversion and restoration, the lines Departments are to be consulted for planning and temporary diversion and final restoration 1.0.8 Avoidance of Interference

• The Contractor shall not interfere unnecessarily or improperly with the convenience of the public, or the access to and use and occupation of all roads and footpaths, irrespective of whether they are public or in the possession of the Employer or of others.

• The Contractor shall indemnify and hold the Employer harmless against and from all damages, losses and expenses (including legal fees and expenses) resulting from any such unnecessary or improper interference.

• The Contractor shall be deemed to have been satisfied as to the suitability and availability of access routes to the Site. The Contractor shall use reasonable

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efforts to prevent any road or bridge from being damaged by the Contractor’s traffic or by the Contractor’s Personnel. These efforts shall include the proper use of appropriate vehicles and routes. Except as otherwise stated in these Conditions:

• The Contractor shall (as between the Parties) be responsible for any maintenance which may be required for his use of access routes;

• The Contractor shall provide all necessary signs or directions along access routes, and shall obtain any permission which may be required from the relevant authorities for his use of routes, signs and directions; All fossils, coins, articles of value or antiquity, and structures and other remains or items of geological or archaeological interest found on the Site shall be placed under the care and authority of the Employer.

• The Contractor shall take reasonable precautions to prevent Contractor’s Personnel or other persons from removing or damaging any of these findings. The Contractor shall, upon discovery of any such finding, promptly give notice to the Engineer, who shall issue instructions for dealing with it.

2.0 Provision of Deep Earth Bins

• The exact location of the Deep Earth Bins shall be confirmed with Project Implementation Unit (PIU) and local municipal body

• Appropriate Stock yard to be arranged by the contractor for storage of the materials 3.0 Provision of Street Lighting 3.0.1 Traffic Management

• Two weeks prior to undertake any work which would involve any types of obstruction to traffic and public utilities, the Contractor shall submit, for the Engineer’s approval, a Traffic Control Plan and utility restoration plan; and the plan shall include: (i) Drawings for any temporary diversions and utilities management plan; Details of the traffic management measures to be used .These shall include the traffic arrangements proposed to be in place after the cessation of work each day.

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(ii) The Traffic Control Plan shall conform to the typical arrangements being practiced and as otherwise directed by the Engineer. (iii) Special Consideration shall be given in the preparation of the Traffic Control/Utility diversion Plan to the safety of pedestrians and workers and delineation of the roadway at night. (iv) The Engineer’s approval of the Traffic Control Plan/utility diversion plan, including any temporary Diversions, shall be obtained by the Contractor before any work is commenced. (v) The Contractor shall appoint a Safety Officer who shall have day today responsibility for implementing and maintaining all safety measures towards the above. (vi) The entire Contractor's staff shall wear highvisibility orange or yellow jackets or waistcoats while at the construction site and Persistent breaches of the safety provisions by the Contractor and his employees shall constitute a sufficient cause for action. At night the construction sites are to be illuminated and STOP / GO Slow signs shall be illuminated. (vii) Warning and informatory signs shall be erected on all approaches to the works site in accordance with the prevailing adopted measures and the Traffic Control Plan, or as otherwise directed by the Engineer. At all times, the Contractor shall provide safe and convenient passage for vehicles, pedestrians and livestock to and from side roads and property accesses connecting to the roadway. Work which affects the use of side roads and existing accesses shall not be undertaken without providing adequate provisions to the satisfaction of the Engineer. (viii) All signs, lights, barricades and other traffic control devices, as well as the riding surface of diversions, shall be maintained in a satisfactory condition and The Contractor shall be responsible for replacing or repairing all signs, lights, barricades, and other traffic control devices that are lost, stolen, damaged or defaced. Any temporary roadway shall be kept free of dust by frequent applications of water if necessary.

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(ix) The sole responsibility for the safety and adequacy of the methods adopted by the Contractor shall rest on the Contractor irrespective of any approval given by the Engineer.

3.0.2 Utilities Diversion

• For the utilities diversion and restoration, the lines Departments are to be consulted for planning and temporary diversion and final restoration

4.0 Installation of Signages 4.0.1 Traffic Management

• Two weeks prior to undertake any work which would involve any types of obstruction to traffic and public utilities, the Contractor shall submit, for the Engineer’s approval, a Traffic Control Plan and utility restoration plan; and the plan shall include: (i) Drawings for any temporary diversions and utilities management plan; Details of the traffic management measures to be used. These shall include the traffic arrangements proposed to be in place after the cessation of work each day. (ii) The Traffic Control Plan shall conform to the typical arrangements being practiced and as otherwise directed by the Engineer. (iii) Special Consideration shall be given in the preparation of the Traffic Control/Utility diversion Plan to the safety of pedestrians and workers and delineation of the roadway at night. (iv) The Engineer’s approval of the Traffic Control Plan/utility diversion plan, including any temporary Diversions, shall be obtained by the Contractor before any work is commenced. (v) The Contractor shall appoint a Safety Officer who shall have day today responsibility for implementing and maintaining all safety measures towards the above (vi) The entire Contractor's staff shall wear highvisibility orange or yellow jackets or waistcoats while at the construction site and Persistent breaches of the safety provisions by the Contractor and his employees shall

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constitute a sufficient cause for action. At night the construction sites are to be illuminated and STOP / GO Slow signs shall be illuminated. (vii) Warning and informatory signs shall be erected on all approaches to the works site in accordance with the prevailing adopted measures and the Traffic Control Plan, or as otherwise directed by the Engineer. At all times, the Contractor shall provide safe and convenient passage for vehicles, pedestrians and livestock to and from side roads and property accesses connecting to the roadway. Work which affects the use of side roads and existing accesses shall not be undertaken without providing adequate provisions to the satisfaction of the Engineer. (viii) All signs, lights, barricades and other traffic control devices, as well as the riding surface of diversions, shall be maintained in a satisfactory condition and The Contractor shall be responsible for replacing or repairing all signs, lights, barricades, and other traffic control devices that are lost, stolen, damaged or defaced. Any temporary roadway shall be kept free of dust by frequent applications of water if necessary. (ix) The sole responsibility for the safety and adequacy of the methods adopted by the Contractor shall rest on the Contractor irrespective of any approval given by the Engineer.

5.0 Provision of Street Furniture

• The exact location of the Street Furniture shall be confirmed with Project Implementation Unit (PIU) and local municipal body

• Appropriate Stock yard to be arranged by the contractor for storage of the materials

6.0 General  The Contractor will be responsible for implementation of environmental provisions outlined in the EMP, in addition to adhering to all environmental provisions in the applicable specifications for the works will be adhered to as part of good engineering practices.  The contractor might be using DG sets for which the permission will be required under Air act 1981.

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 No fuel storage takes place in this project and for construction purposes, the fuel shall be procured from the existing petrol bunks  For labour accommodation, no labour camp will be established and for accommodation of labours nearby construction sites, rented houses will be engaged by the contractor. Further, labour licence from the District Labour commissioner shall be provided by the contractor.  All works undertaken towards protection of environmental resources as part of the EMP and as part of good engineering practices while adhering to relevant specifications will be deemed to be incidental to works being carried out and no separate payment will be made unless otherwise specified explicitly. The costs towards environmental management as per EMP unless otherwise provided as a separate head, will be deemed to be part of the BOQ of the project. The scope of works of the contractor towards the implementation of the environmental provisions will be as follows:

• Abide by all existing Environmental regulations and requirements of the Government of India , during implementation,

• Compliance with all mitigation measures and monitoring requirements set out in the Environmental Management Plan (EMP)

• Submission of a method statement detailing how the subproject EMP will be complied with. This will include methods and schedule of monitoring.

• Monitoring of project environmental performance and periodic submission of monitoring reports.

• Compliance of all safety rules at work, and Provision of adequate health and safety measures such as water, food, sanitation, personal protective equipment, workers insurance, and medical facilities.  The detailed provisions for specific environmental issues will be as outlined in the EMP table on impacts and mitigation measures.

 Occupational Health And Safety During Construction

• The Contractor will, in accordance with the safety and health provisions specified in the EMP, provide workers with a safe and healthy working

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environment, in the work areas, through application of preventive and protective measures consistent with international good practice, as reflected in internationally recognized standards such as the World Bank Group’s Environment, Health and Safety Guidelines. The borrower/client will take steps to prevent accidents, injury, and disease arising from, associated with, or occurring during the course of work by  Providing preventive and protective measures, including modification, substitution, or elimination of hazardous conditions or substances; Providing appropriate equipment to minimize risks and requiring and enforcing its use;  Training workers and providing them with appropriate incentives to use and comply with health and safety procedures and protective equipment;  Documenting and reporting occupational accidents, diseases, and incidents; and  Having emergency prevention, preparedness, and response arrangements in place.

• Goggles and gas masks shall be worn at the time of dismantling. Leather gloves shall be worn by the workers. Screens made of G.I. Sheets shall be placed wherever necessary to prevent the flying pieces from injuring the workers.  The Contractor shall comply with all applicable safety regulations by taking care for the safety of all persons entitled to be on the Site, Use reasonable efforts to keep the Site and Works clear of unnecessary obstruction so as to avoid danger to these persons.  Provide fencing, lighting, guarding and watching of the Works until completion and taking over  Provide any Temporary Works (including roadways, footways, guards and fences) which may be necessary, because of the execution of the Works, for the use and protection of the public and of owners and occupiers of adjacent land.

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 Clause for Non conformity to EMP - Protection of the Environment The Contractor shall implement all mitigation measures for which responsibility is assigned to him as stipulated in the EMP Report. Any lapse in implementing the same will attract the damage clause as detailed below: 1) All lapse in obtaining clearances / permissions under statutory regulations and violations of any regulations with regard to ecosensitive areas shall be treated as a major lapse. 2) Any complaints of public, within the scope of the Contractor, formally registered with the DSC, PMC or with the PIU and communicated to the Contractor, which is not properly addressed within the time period intimated by the DSC / PMC, PIU shall be treated as a major lapse. 3) Nonconformity to any of the mitigation measures stipulated in the EMP Report (other than stated above) shall be considered as a minor lapse. 4) On observing any lapses, DSC shall issue a notice to the Contractor, to rectify the same. 5) Any minor lapse for which notice was issued and not rectified, first and second reminders shall be given after ten days from the original notice date and first reminder date respectively. Any minor lapse, which is not rectified, shall be treated as a major lapse from the date of issuing the second reminder. 6) If a major lapse is not rectified upon receiving the notice DSC shall invoke reduction, in the subsequent interim payment certificate. 7) For major lapses, 10% of the interim payment certificate will be withheld, subject to a maximum limit of about 0.5% of the contract value. 8) If the lapse is not rectified within one month after withholding the payment, the amount withheld shall be forfeited.  Post Construction Clearance

• On completion of work, wherever applicable, the Contractor will clear away and remove from the sites surplus materials, rubbish, scaffoldings, and temporary works of every kind and leave the whole of the sites and works in a clean condition to the satisfaction of the Engineer.  All temporary sedimentation and pollution control works, which are not

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provided in the Bill of Quantities, shall be deemed as incidental to the civil work and other items of work and as such no separate payment shall be made for the same.

 Labour Welfare (i) The Contractor shall make arrangements for the engagement of all staff and labour, local or otherwise, and for their payment, housing, feeding and transport. (ii) The Contractor is encouraged, to the extent practicable and reasonable, to employ staff and labor with appropriate qualifications and experience from sources within the State/Country. (iii) The Contractor shall pay rates of wages, and observe conditions of labour, which are not lower than those established for the trade or industry where the work is carried out. If no established rates or conditions are applicable, the Contractor shall pay rates of wages and observe conditions which are not lower than the general level of wages and conditions observed locally by employers whose trade or industry is similar to that of the Contractor. (iv) The Contractor shall inform the Contractor’s Personnel about their liability to pay personal income taxes in the Country in respect of such of their salaries, wages, allowances, and any benefits as are subject to taxes under the Laws of the Country for the time being in force, and the Contractor shall perform such duties in regard to such deductions thereof as may be imposed on him by such Laws. (v) The Contractor shall comply with all the relevant labour Laws applicable to the Contractor’s Personnel, including Laws relating to their employment, health, safety, welfare, immigration and emigration, and shall allow them all their legal rights. (vi) The Contractor shall require his employees to obey all applicable Laws, including those concerning safety at work. The Contractor shall provide and maintain all necessary accommodation and welfare facilities for the Contractor’s Personnel .No temporary dwelling units are envisaged to be build for the labour force accommodation but rented premises will utilised for the same with all basic amenities. The Contractor shall at all times take

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all reasonable precautions to maintain the health and safety of the Contractor’s Personnel. (vii) In collaboration with local health authorities, the Contractor shall ensure that medical staff, first aid facilities, sick bay and ambulance service are available at all times at the Site and at any accommodation for Contractor’s and Employer’s Personnel, and that suitable arrangements are made for all necessary welfare and hygiene requirements and for the prevention of epidemics. (viii) The Contractor shall appoint an accident prevention officer at the Site, responsible for maintaining safety and protection against accidents. This person shall be qualified for this responsibility, and shall have the authority to issue instructions and take protective measures to prevent accidents. Accident records are to be maintained at site for the Engineer’s vigilance. (ix) The contractor shall acquire appropriate labour licence and labour insurance as per the labour act. (x) The Contractor shall keep complete and accurate records of the employment of labour at the Site. The records shall include the names, ages, genders, hours worked and wages paid to all workers. These records shall be summarized on a monthly basis and shall be available for inspection by the Engineer during normal working hours. (xi) The Contractor shall ensure that during continuance of the contract, the Contractor and his Subcontractors shall abide at all times by all existing enactments on environmental protection and rules made there under, regulations, Notifications and byelaws of the State or Central Government, or local authorities and any other law, byelaw, regulations that may be passed or Notification that may be issued in this respect in future by the State or Central Government or the local authority.

• The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974: This provides for the prevention and control of water pollution and the maintaining and restoring of wholesomeness of water.

• The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981: This provides for prevention, control and abatement of air pollution. 'Air Pollution' means the

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presence in the atmosphere of any 'air pollutant', which means any solid, liquid or gaseous substance (including noise) present in the atmosphere in such concentration as may be or tend to be injurious to human beings or other living creatures or plants or property or environment.

• The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986: This provides for the protection and improvement of environment and for matters connected therewith, and the prevention of hazards to human beings, other living creatures, plants and property. 'Environment' includes water, air and land and the interrelationship which exists among and between water, air and land, and human beings, other living creatures, plants, microorganism and property.

• The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991: This provides for public liability insurance for the purpose of providing immediate relief to the persons affected by accident occurring while handling hazardous substances and for matters connected herewith or incidental thereto. Hazardous substance means any substance or preparation which is defined as hazardous substance under the Environment (Protection) Act 1986, and exceeding such quantity as may be specified by Notification by the Central Government.

 Labour Enactments:

• The Contractor and his Subcontractors shall abide at all times by all existing labour enactments and rules made there under, regulations, Notifications and bye laws of State or Central Government or local authority and any other labour law (including rules), regulations, bye laws that may be passed or Notification that may be issued under any labour law in future either by the State or the Central Government or the local authority.

• The Contractor shall, if required by the Engineer, provide a return in detail of the employment of labour, in such form and at such intervals as the Engineer may prescribe, showing the staff and the numbers of the several classes of labour, employed by the Contractor on the Site, from time to time.

(i) Workmen Compensation Act, 1923 The Act provides for compensation in case of injury by accident arising out of and during the course of employment.

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(ii) Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 Gratuity is payable to an employee under the Act on satisfaction of certain conditions on separation if an employee has completed 5 years service or more or on death at the rate of 15 days wages for every completed year of service. The Act is applicable to all establishments employing 10 or more employees. (iii) Employees’ PF and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952 The Act provides for monthly contributions by the employer plus workers@10% or 8.33% The benefits payable under the Act are:

• Pension or family pension on retirement or death as the case may be.

• Deposit linked insurance on the death in harness of the worker.

• Payment of PF accumulation on retirement/death etc. (iv) Maternity Benefit Act, 1951 The Act provides for leave and some other benefits to women employees in case of confinement or miscarriage etc.

(v) Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970 The Act provides for certain welfare measures to be provided by the Contractor to contract labour and in case the Contractor fails to provide, the same are required to be provided by the Principal Employer by Law. The principal employer is required to take Certificate of Registration and the Contractor is required to take a License from the designated Officer. The Act is applicable to the establishments or Contractor of principal employer if they employ 20 or more contract labour. (vi) Minimum Wages Act, 1948 The employer is supposed to pay not less than the Minimum Wages fixed by appropriate Government as per provisions of the Act if the employment is a scheduled employment. Construction of Buildings, Roads, and Runways are scheduled employment. (vii) Payment of Wages Act, 1936 It lays down as to by what date the wages are to be paid, when it will be paid and what deductions can be made from the wages of the workers.

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(viii) Equal Remuneration Act, 1979 The Act provides for payment of equal wages for work of equal nature to Male and Female workers and not for making discrimination against Female employees in the matters of transfers, training and promotions etc. (ix) Payment of Bonus Act, 1965 The Act is applicable to all establishments employing 20 or more workmen. The Act provides for payments of annual bonus subject to a minimum of 8.33 % of wages and maximum of 20 % of wages to employees drawing Rs. 3,500/ per month or less. The bonus to be paid to employees getting Rs. 2,500/ per month or above up to Rs.3, 500/ per month shall be worked out by taking wages as Rs.2,500/ per month only. The Act does not apply to certain establishments. The newly set up establishments are exempted for five years in certain circumstances. Some of the State Governments have reduced the employment size from 20 to 10 for the purpose of applicability of the Act. (x) Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 The Act lays down the machinery and procedure for resolution of industrial disputes, in what situations a strike or lockout becomes illegal and what are the requirements for laying off or retrenching the employees or closing down the establishment.

(xi) Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act, 1946 It is applicable to all establishments employing 100 or more workmen (employment size reduced by some of the States and Central Government to 50). The Act provides for laying down rules governing the conditions of employment by the employer on matters provided in the Act and get the same certified by the designated Authority.

(xii) Trade Unions Act, 1926 The Act lays down the procedure for registration of trade unions of workmen and employees. The trade unions registered under the Act have been given certain immunities from civil and criminal liabilities.

(xiii) Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986 The Act prohibits employment of children below 14 years of age in certain occupations and processes and provides for regulation of employment of children in all other occupations and processes. Employment of child labour is prohibited in Building and Construction Industry.

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(xiv) Inter-State Migrant Workmen's (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1979 The Act is applicable to an establishment which employs 5 or more interstate migrant workmen through an intermediary (who has recruited workmen in one state for employment in the establishment situated in another state). The interstate migrant workmen, in an establishment to which this Act becomes applicable, are required to be provided certain facilities such as housing, medical aid, travelling expenses from home up to the establishment and back, etc.

(xv) The Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996 and the Cess Act of 1996 All the establishments who carry on any building or other construction work and employ 10 or more workers are covered under this Act. All such establishments are required to pay Cess at rate not exceeding 2% of the cost of construction as may be notified by the Government. The employer of the establishment is required to provide safety measures at the Building or Construction work and other welfare measures, such as Canteens, First aid facilities, Ambulance, Housing accommodation for Workers near the workplace etc. The employer to whom the Act applies has to obtain a registration certificate from the Registering Officer appointed by the Government.

(xvi) The Factories Act, 1948 The Act lays down the procedure for approval of plans before setting up a factory, health and safety provisions, welfare provisions, working hours, annual earned leave and rendering information regarding accidents or dangerous occurrences to designated authorities. It is applicable to premises employing 10 persons or more with aid of power or 20 or more persons without the aid of power engaged in manufacturing process.

(xvii) The Apprentices Act, 1961 The Contractor shall duly comply with the provisions of the Apprentices Act, 1961, the rules made there under and the orders that may be issued from time to time under the said Act and the said Rules and on his failure or neglect to do so, he shall be subject to all liabilities and penalties provided by the said Act and the said Rules. ‘The Contractor shall, if required by the Engineer, provide a return in detail of the employment of labour, in such form and at such intervals as the Engineer may prescribe, showing the staff and the numbers of the several classes of labour, employed by the Contractor on the Site,

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from time to time.’ Safety & Welfare Provisions for labour to be employed by the Contractor All necessary personal safety equipment as considered adequate by the Engineer shall be available for use of persons employed on the Site and maintained in a condition suitable for immediate use; and the Contractor shall take adequate steps to ensure proper use of such equipment by those concerned All workmen at site shall be provided with safety helmets and yellow/orange jackets. Workmen required on site during night hours shall be provided with fluorescent yellow jackets with reflective lopes. The Contractor shall provide all necessary fencing and lights to protect the public from accidents and shall be bound to bear the expenses of defending every suit, action or other proceedings at law that may be brought by any person for injury sustained owing to neglect of the above precautions and to pay any damages and costs which may be awarded in any such suit, action or proceedings to any such person or which may with the consent of the Contractor be paid to compromise any claim by any such person. I) First AidAt every workplace, there shall be maintained, in a readily accessible place, first aid appliances including an adequate supply of sterilized dressings and sterilised cotton wool as prescribed in the Factory Rules of the State in which the work is carried on. The appliances shall be kept in good order and, in large work places; these shall be placed under the charge of a responsible person who shall be readily available during working hours. II) Accommodation for Labour: The Contractor shall during the progress of the work provide, erect and maintain necessary temporary living accommodation (in rented premises) and ancillary facilities for labour at his own expense to standards and scales approved by the Engineer. III) Drinking Water: In every workplace, there shall be provided and maintained at suitable places easily accessible to labour, a sufficient supply of cold water fit for drinking. Where drinking water is obtained from an intermittent public water supply each workplace shall be provided with storage tanks where drinking water shall be stored. (The Environment Management Plan is an integral part of the contract and the contractor has the responsibility to implement it under the supervision of the Environmental officer of the Construction Supervision Consultant. All actions taken by the Environmental officer shall be

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APPENDIX 2

RAPID ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (REA) CHECKLIST

URBAN DEVELOPMENT Instructions:

(i) The project team completes this checklist to support the environmental classification of a project. It is to be attached to the environmental categorization form and submitted to the Environment and Safeguards Division (RSES) for endorsement by Director, RSES and for approval by the Chief Compliance Officer. (ii) This checklist focuses on environmental issues and concerns. To ensure that social dimensions are adequately considered, refer also to ADB's (a) checklists on involuntary resettlement and Indigenous Peoples; (b) poverty reduction handbook; (c) staff guide to consultation and participation; and (d) gender checklists. (iii) Answer the questions assuming the “without mitigation” case. The purpose is to identify potential Impacts. Use the “remarks” section to discuss any anticipated mitigation measures.

Sector Division: SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS

A. Project Siting

Is the Project area adjacent to or within any of the following environmentally sensitive areas?

• Cultural heritage site The sites have been located away from heritage structures and being small facilities , pose no threat to the √ heritage structures / places of cultural importance

• Protected Area √

• Wetland √

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• Mangrove √

• Estuarine √

• Buffer zone of protected area √ • Special area for protecting √ biodiversity • Bay √ B. Potential Environmental Impacts

Will the Project cause…

• Ecological disturbances arising from the establishment of a plant or facility √ complex in or near sensitive habitats? • Eventual degradation of water bodies due to discharge of wastes and other √ effluents from plant or facility complex? • Serious contamination of soil and √ groundwater? • Aggravation of solid waste problems √ in the area? • Public health risks from discharge of wastes and poor air quality; noise and √ foul odour from plant emissions? • Shortterm construction impacts

• Soil erosion √ • Deterioration of water quality The proposed works will not result in pollution of surface and ground √ water or cause overflows to and flooding of surroundings

• Deterioration of air quality √

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• Noise and vibration from Minor impact as structures are construction equipment √ proposed

• dislocation or involuntary Rehabilitation and resettlement do resettlement of people not arise since in the case of signages, Garbage bins, bus shelters and road furniture, they are to be √ constructed within the right of way of the existing roads. Further, in the case of Sanitary complexes, the sites are owned by the ULB and free of all encumbrances. • Social conflicts arising from the No significant emigrant labour is influx of construction labourers from √ required other areas? • Environmental degradation (e.g. erosion, soil and water contamination, loss of soil fertility, disruption of wildlife habitat) from intensification of agricultural land use to supply raw √ materials for plant operation; and modification of natural species diversity as a result of the transformation to monoculture practices? • Water pollution from discharge of The proposed works will not result liquid effluents? in pollution of surface and ground √ water or cause overflows to and flooding of surroundings

• Air pollution from all plant √ operations? • Gaseous and odour emissions to the √

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atmosphere from processing operations? • Accidental release of potentially hazardous solvents, acidic and √ alkaline materials? • Uncontrolled inmigration with opening of roads to forest area and √ overloading of social infrastructure? • Occupational health hazards due to fugitive dust, materials handling, √ noise, or other process operations? • Disruption of transit patterns, creation of noise and congestion, and √ pedestrian hazards aggravated by heavy trucks? • Disease transmission from inadequate √ waste disposal?

NB: Taking into consideration of various selection criteria indicated in the above checklist, the project subcomponents proposed can be classified as Category B, as it is likely to have minimal or no adverse environmental impacts and therefore does not require conducting EIA or IEE.

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APPENDIX 4

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING FORMAT

1) Work Details Table 1: Work Details and Risks

m o r f nges a h c present present package Locations Locations ted ted c (Package No.) (Package approved scope scope approved e p x Name of the contract Name contract of the Progress Percent age age Percent Progress E remedial measure needed needed remedial measure Subprojects Components Subprojects Listing of works under the the under works of Listing Starting Date (land clearance) clearance) (land Date Starting Key assumptions and risks that risks and assumptions Key and schedule date of completion completion date of schedule and What type of works continued at at continued ofworks Whattype affect attainment of the objective objective the affect of attainment Fulfilment of objectives Type of Type ofobjectives Fulfilment

2) Implementation of Environmental Management Plan Table 2: Status of Environment, Forest and Other Clearances

Applicable Legislation / Clearance given by and City / Town Work (Package No.) Subject / Issue Remarks / Action needed Type of Clearance date

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Table 3: Compliance with Environmental Management Plan

Proposed Proposed frequency frequency Very Poor) Poor) Very implementation implementation Implementation Implementation taken to improve to improve taken Implantation Status Status Implantation Detail / Remarks on Remarks / Detail Mitigation Measures Measures Mitigation Remarks and actions actions and Remarks Monitoring Remarks Monitoring Description of Impact Impact of Description Partially Satisfactory / / PartiallySatisfactory Monitoring methods and and methods Monitoring Monitoring conducted by by conducted Monitoring (Excellent / Satisfactory / / Satisfactory (Excellent Below Satisfaction / Poor / / Poor Satisfaction Below Detailed Design Pre construction

Construction

Table 4: Measurement of Pollutants Monitoring result Components Package/ Location Period of monitoring Parameters /Pollutants Standard Base line status during project Remarks Implementation

Noise

Air Quality

Water Quality

Soil Quality

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APPENDIX 5 SAMPLE GRIEVANCE REGISTRATION FORM (To be available in Local Language) The Project welcomes complaints suggestions, queries and comments regarding project implementation. We encourage persons with grievance to provide their name and contact information to enable us to get in touch with you for clarification and feedback. Should you choose to include your personal details but prefer to keep the information’s remain confidential, please inform us by typing *(CONFIDENTIAL)* above your name. Thank you. Date Place of registration Contact Information / Personal Details Name Gender: _Male _Female Age: Home Address Village / Town District Phone no. Email Complaint / Suggestion / Comment / Question Please provide the details (who, what, where and how) of your grievance below : If included as attachment/note/letter, please tick here: How do you want us to reach you for feedback or update on your comment/grievance?

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FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Registered by : (Name of official registering grievance)

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Action taken :

Whether Action Taken Yes No Disclosed: Means of Disclosure:

Department of Tourism, GoTN 105