Environmental Monitoring Report
Project Number: 28212-013 Annual Report 2010-2011
PRC: Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Power Station Project
Prepared by Hebei Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Co., Ltd. for the Hebei Electric Power Co. and the Asian Development Bank.
Catalogue
1. General principles ...... 1
1.1 Project background and general plan of the work ...... 1
1.2 The main basis for writing the report ...... 3
1.3 Environmental standards ...... 4
1.4 Environmental management, assessment range and contents of
project ...... 6
1.5 Environmental monitoring and the goal of environmental
management ...... 8
2. Ecological effects and measures for soil and water conservation ...... 9
2.1 Ecological impact recognition ...... 9
2.2 Ecological restoration measures suggested in EIA report ...... 10
2.3The implementation of ecological restoration measures...... 13
2.3.4 Soil & Water conservation and ecological measures of slag yard
3# ...... 17
2.3.5 Ecological restoration measures of QingNao Material yard ...... 20
2.3.6 Soil & Water Conservation Measures of 8# Road’ Side Slope .. 22
2.4 Implemented measures compared with EIA suggested measures
...... 29
3. Environmental management of the project from Sep. 2010 to Sep.2011 ...... 29
3.1 Environmental management of Zhanghewan Company ...... 29
3.2 Work of environmental consultation institute ...... 30
I
4. Environmental monitoring ...... 30
4.1 Monitoring on environmental atmosphere ...... 30
4.2 Monitoring on aqueous environment ...... 33
4.3 The monitoring on sewage disposal facilities ...... 38
4.4Monitoring on Drinking Water ...... 39
4.5 Monitoring on sound environment ...... 40
4.6 The safeguard measure of monitoring quality ...... 41
5. Ecological restoration and treatment of Water& Soil losses ...... 42
6. Public participation ...... 49
6.1 Forms of public participation ...... 49
6.2 Content of the public participation ...... 49
7. Main environmental and ecological problems of present stage ...... 50
8. Conclusisons of environment management and ecological impact assessment from Sep.2010 to Sep.2011 ...... 51
8.1 Conclusisons of environment management from Sep.2010 to Sep.2011
...... 51
8.2 Main conclusion ...... 52
II Environmental Management & Ecological Assessment Report for Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project,2010-2011 1. General principles
1.1 Project background and general plan of the work
Zhanghewan Pumped Storage (ZPS) is a comprehensive hydropower project in
Southern Hebei Province. Its implement will effectively improve the problem that the disparity between wave crest and wave trough of electro-utilization in the power market of electro-network& power in Southern Hebei Province increasing year by year and quarterly load peak looms large. Furthermore, it is of a great advantage by keeping the operation of power system network in Southern Hebei
Province safe and steady. This project is constructed and run by
HebeiZhanghewan Pumped Storage Co Ltd (HZPSCL). From 1988 to July in 1990 it came into study-approval phase;
From July in 1992 and June in
1994, primary design of the project was accomplished; From
1989 to 1990, Environmental
Impact Assessment Schema and Envir-onmental Impact Report were finished; It got through the assessment according to the Project Environmental Impact Report presided by State Environmental Protection
Administration of China (SEPAC) in 1992. SEPAC officially replied to the Project En － vironmental Zhanghewan PSPP Impact Report (rechecked edition) and ADB accomplished assessment and agreed on it in
Hebei University of Science and Technology & Hebei Tiandi-chaoyang Environmental Technology Co. Ltd -1- Environmental Management & Ecological Assessment Report for Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project,2010-2011
2002. It started the constructive phase in 2003. ZPS lies in Jingxing country of Shijizhuang city, Hebei province, which is on the stemflow of Gantao River in the vicinity of Zhanghewan, Ceyu town in Jingxing country. The imitated project is to build in the distance of 53.0km (linear distance) from Shijiazhuang city (highway mileage is 85.0km). Project is in the distance of
45.0km with highway mileage from Jingxing country. The end of upper reach of
Pumped Storage Reservoir is in the distance of about 5 kilometers from the lower reach of provincial boundary between Hebei and Shanxi Province. Power Plant
Project-Zhanghewan reservoir serves as the lower reservoir of ZPS. Upper reservoir is arranged to be built on the peak of Laoye Temple.
The total upper reservoir capacity of the power plant is 7.89 million m 3 while the lower reservoir of it is 85.58 million m 3, 4×250MW single-stage and mixed-flow reversible pump-turbine with the total installed capacity of 1000MW is to be installed. After the accomplishment of the project, it will supply peak load chare of about 500×10 4KW.h/d and will absorb the trough charge of about
700×10 4KW.h/d for electro-network. Zhanghewan PSPP ZPS will connect with Ji South electro-network, assuming the assignment of making up for trough by peak wave, modulating requency- phase and serving as stand by in the accident. ZPS is made up of lower reservoir barrage, upper reservoir, priming system, underground workshop, sediment storage dam of lower reservoir barrage, open channel of pass sediment diversion and yard of exceeding lines etc. Other permanent structures embody production of operating management, living establishment, which are mainly for traffic pathway and transmission lines.
Working grade of it is fist-class and total time period is six-year time.
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Its main project had started in December 6th, 2003,of which,lower reservoirhad passed in safety appraisal in August 2006, and impouned in October,upper reservoir had passed in safety appraisal in July 2007, and impouned in September.
And power engineering construction had been completed already,whose hydropower plant station installation and debugging was ended until March ,2009.
The main project from September 2010 to September 2011 is ecological restoration for slag yard 1#,and 2# which was finished,and slag yard 3# which is under construction. Since the project has been implemented, its construction has been strictly conducted with environmental management, environmental monitoring, environmental impact assessment during the construction period. The measurement on how to relief the environmental impact has been put forward in time, and achievements in both environmental management and environment monitoring have been periodically reported according to the law framework of environmental management in constructive project in China and the requisition on environmental impact put forward by ADB.
1.2 The main basis for writing the report
(1)《Law of Environmental Protection of People’s Republic of China 》Dec. 8, 1989 ；
(2) 《Law of Environmental Impact Assessment of People’s Republic of China 》Oct.
10, 2002 ；
(3) 《Law of Prevention and Control of Water Pollution of People’s Republic of
China 》June. 1, 2008 ；
(4) 《Law of Air Pollution Prevention of People’s Republic of China 》Apr. 29, 2000 ；
(5) 《Law of Ambient noise Pollution of People’s Republic of China 》Oct. 29, 1996 ；
(6) 《Law of The People's Republic of China on Water and Soil Conservation 》Dec.
15, 2010；
(7) 《Law of Infectious Disease Prevention of People’s Republic of China 》Dec. 1, 2004 ；
(8) 《Regulation of Management of Environmental Protection in Construction
Hebei University of Science and Technology & Hebei Tiandi-chaoyang Environmental Technology Co. Ltd -3- Environmental Management & Ecological Assessment Report for Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project,2010-2011
Projects of People’s Republic of China 》Nov. 29, 1998 ；
(9) 《Regulation of Management of Environmental Protection in Construction
Projects of Hebei Province 》Dec. 17, 1996 ；
(10) 《 Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment — Atmospheric
Environment 》(HJ2.2-2008) ;
(11) 《Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment —Surfacewater
Environment 》（ HJ/T2.3-93 ）；
(12) 《Technical Guidelines for Noise Impact Assessment 》（ HJ2.4-2009 ）；
(13)《Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment —Ecological
Environment of nature resource development 》（ HJ/T19-1997 ）；
(14) 《 Code for Environmental Impact Assessment — water conservancy and hydropower project 》；
(15) The NO.253 issued by State Council 《Report on Environmental Impact of
Zhanghewan Pumped Storage 》；
(16) “Opinion of official reply from experts on report of environmental impact of
Zhanghewan Pumped Storage”.
1.3 Environmental standards
1.3.1 Environmental quality standard
Environmental quality in the region where the project concern should be implemented as follows, standard value can be seen in Table1-1.
(1) 《Ambient Air Quality Standard 》（ GB3095-1996 ）The secondary standard.
(2) 《 Environmental Quality Standard of Surface Water 》（ GB3838-2002 ）
TheⅡStandard. (3) 《Environmental quality standard for noise 》（GB3096-2008 ）TheⅡStandard.
(4) 《Standard for Drinking Water Quality 》(GB5749-2006) .
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Table 1-1 Environmental Quality Standard Resources of the Items Pollutants Standard Limits standards Daily average 0.15mg/m 3, hourly average SO 2 0.50mg/m 3 《 Daily average 0.12mg/m 3, hourly average Ambient Air NO 》 2 0.24mg/m 3 Quality Standard 3 （GB3095-1996 ） Ambient air Daily average 4.00mg/m , hourly average CO 3 Class II quality 10.00mg/m TSP Daily average 0.30mg/m 3 Referring to HC 0.16mg/m 3 American National Standard (ANS) PH 6-9 As 0.05mg/L ≤0.00005 DO ≥6mg/L Hg mg/L Permanga ≤0.005mg/ ≤4mg/L Cd nate index L COD ≤15mg/L Cr 6+ ≤0.05mg/L 《Environmental NH 3-N ≤0.5mg/L Pb ≤0.01mg/L Quality Standard Aqueous TP ≤0.025mg/L Cyanide ≤0.05mg/L of Surface Water 》 environment Volatile （ ） TN ≤0.5mg/L ≤0.002mg/l GB3838-2002 hydroxybenzene Class II Zn ≤1.0mg/L Petroleum ≤0.05mg/L Fluoride ≤1.0mg/L Sulfide ≤0.1mg/L nitrate-N ≤10mg/L chloride ≤250mg/L ≤15mg/L SS Dejecta coliform ≤2000 n/L ( reference ) Nighttime 45dB(A) 《Environmental quality standard Sound for noise 》 environment Daytime 55dB(A) （GB3096-2008 ） Category I PH 6.5 －8.5 Total hardness ≤450mg/L Fluoride ≤1.0mg/L Pb ≤0.01mg/L
NH 3-N ≤0.5mg/L Sulphate ≤250mg/L 《Drinking Water Drinking Cr 6+ ≤0.05mg/L Chloride ≤250mg/L Sanitation water Standard 》 Volatile (GB5749-2006) hydroxylbe ≤0.002mg/L Anion detergent ≤0.3mg/L nzne Cyanide ≤0.05 mg/L Nitrate ≤20 mg/L
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1.3.2 Pollution control standard
(1) 《 Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard 》（ GB8978-1996 ） Primary Standard. (2) 《Noise Limits on the Border of Construction Site 》（ GB12523-90 ）. (3) 《Integrated emission standard of air pollutants》（GB16297-1996 ）Secondary Standard. Effluent standard limits of pollutants can be seen in Table1-2. Table1-2 Effluent standard limits of pollutants
Items Pollutants Standard Limits References SS 70mg/L 《Integrated Wastewater COD 100mg/L Discharge Sewage BOD 5 30mg/L Standard 》 (GB8978 － NH 3-N 15mg/L 1996) Primary Petroleum 10mg/L Standard Construction Major noise Daytime Nighttime period sources Suction dredger, excavation excavator and 75dB(A) 55dB(A) loader etc. 《Noise Limits Various pile Construction on the Border Piling 85dB(A) Noise drivers forbidden of Construction Concrete mixer, Sit 》 (GB12523 vibrating tamper, －90) Construction 70dB(A) 55dB(A) sawing machines etc. Crane, elevator, Decoration 65dB(A) 55dB(A) etc. 《Integrated emission standard of air Atmospheric Granule 120mg/m 3 pollutants》 pollution （GB16297-19 96 ）Secondary Standard
1.4 Environmental management, assessment range and contents of project
The range of environmental management and ecological assessment during the construction period of ZPS is mainly the land occupation of construction, including
Hebei University of Science and Technology & Hebei Tiandi-chaoyang Environmental Technology Co. Ltd -6- Environmental Management & Ecological Assessment Report for Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project,2010-2011 construction site, slag disposal area and highway construction etc, according to impact areas affected by construction range that have been put forward in the report of environmental impact assessment. The main contents include conducting environmental management, environmental monitoring and ecological impact assessment on water& soil losses, ecology, water quality in construction area, ambient air, ambient noise and public health of constructors in the project impact area. Power plant construction projects,occupied area 203.4hm 2, have been completed.According to itscharacteristics and surrounding environment, most native landscape within construction area had been destruction in varying degrees in the form of excavation, crushing , tying up,that is 174.58 hm 2 in total, which need to compensate for recovery. And the recoveried zones was devided into residue field, the construction camp (field), the yard, construction of roads and dam and green area zonal.
Environmental management and assessment of project can be seen from
Table1-3. Table1-3 The main environmental impact factors of the plant Environmental Areas under direct impact Range of assessment Factors Aqueous Upper reach area of lower reservoir and Water area of lower reservoir environment certain area of low reach Ecological Area of reservoir inundation, Regions inundated by reservoir and by environment area affected by construction construction, with the area of 137.85km 2 Water& soil Land occupation of construction, area Area affected by construction affected by construction and dreg losses disposal site Living quarter of constructors, Ceyu Construction area, residential town that may be affected by Ambient noise area affected by construction construction and residential area of villager nearby Living quarter, Ceyu town that may be Construction area, residential Ambient air affected by construction and residential area affected by construction area of villager nearby Living quarter of constructors, Ceyu Construction area, residential town that may be affected by Public health area affected by construction construction and residential area of villager nearby
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1.5 Environmental monitoring and the goal of environmental management
The goal of environmental management and environmental& ecological impact assessment during the construction period is as follows, according to the accomplishment of Project Environmental Impact Report:
(1) Aqueous environment: To monitor the production waste drainage during the construction period, facility of sanitary sewage disposal and water quality of drainage. Further to put forward catabatic measure on environmental affection and maintain the current function of water body of reservoir by monitoring surface water quality, evaluating and analyzing the change of surface water quality, finally to fulfill various measures on water protection.
(2) Ecological environment: To monitor and assess the effect on ecological system carried by project construction, to fulfill the measure on ecological protection and to ensure that the construction cannot lead to regional ecological system degradation.
(3) Public health: To survey personal health of constructors and the persons living in construction area and project impact area periodically, to build warning system on precaution, further to fulfill management scheme of sanitation and public health.
Finally to control occurrence and prevalence of epidemic disease caused by work construction. (4) Ambient air: To monitor the ambient air in the construction area and construction impact area periodically. Further to assess the quality of ambient air and to supervise the fulfillment of control measures on atmospheric pollution, finally to put forward catabatic measures. (5) Ambient Noise: To monitor construction noise and assess the impact on resident nearby and living quarter in construction area. Further to supervise and instruct the fulfillment of control measures on noise pollution. Finally to put forward catahatic measures on fresh problem in the process of assessment.
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2. Ecological effects and measures for soil and water conservation
The ecological influence resulted from the construction of power plant can be eliminated by technical of ecological restoration. Ecological restoration Relative to destruction of ecological balance. It means that the destroyed ecological could be restored its original state.However, it does not mean that ecological system can be restored to the original state on any account because of the complexity of natural conditions. The most essential purpose is to restore the system function and to obtain independent maintain state.
2.1 Ecological impact recognition
The main body of the project has completed. The entier construction zones are divided into five categories according to the actual effect caused by engineering, various part of geomorphic types within the scope of construction, the main body of the project layout , characteristics of soil and water loss, and the use directions after Land management ，which are as follows: (1) roads prevention zones during construction period: 1# 、3# ～4# 、5# 、6# 、8#. (2) prevention zones of slag yard: 1# ～8# (3) prevention zones of construction plant: reservoir area with incoming water, Underground system areas and reservoir area with outlet water. (4) prevention zones of stock yard :Qingnao stock yard,aonao stock yard and outlet reservoir stone pit. (5) green area: green area1~4 According to the survey, Project construction influence was primarily reflected in the regional vegetation , the landscape, regional soil and water loss. (1) The impact on vegetation and landscape In the construction process, digging or filling the original the ground caused by various engineering activities that including body engineering construction, soil field, materials piled , transportation, temporary camps building , the field mining
Hebei University of Science and Technology & Hebei Tiandi-chaoyang Environmental Technology Co. Ltd -9- Environmental Management & Ecological Assessment Report for Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project,2010-2011 and so on, had resulted in the change of soil and soil supply capacity of change, the decressement of the plant production capacity ,which leading to the decline of ecosystem function. the crops, trees and flowers around will covered with dust from construction and transport vehicles, then it may influence its photosynthesis. leading to the reduce of crops and fruit production and the nornal growth of green plants , and that will inevitably destory local plats in some degree,and change the local landscape, which influencing the natural landscape. (2) Water and soil loss Water and soil loss caused by the factors below: Natural, artificial, favorable and unfavorable.Precipitation conditions, vegetation coverage, soil properties, topography, the four natural factors directly influence soil erosion .And artificial factor influence soil erosion by changing the four natural factors. Project construction cause damage to natural vegetation.first,there will inevitably have impact on surface soil which can strongly resist erosion.Next, soil relaxation ,due to Cut and Fill, provide potential energy to soil loss. In addition, a series of engineering behaviors, like the excavation of earth roadbed, borrowing, sand quarrying, temporary facilities and construction pavement, change surface morphology ,which result in the increasement possibility of soil and water loss.
2.2 Ecological restoration measures suggested in EIA report
Ecological restoration measures in this project includes planningsoil and water conservation program,and determining the ecological restoration program and the target range. To prevent incresement water and soil loss,it shoule take measures to form a complete protective system which is engineering measures and plant measures combined, and "point, line, surface," combined. As for the implementation of soil and water conservation measures, "three simultaneous" system shoule be taken to reach the goal of controling soil erosion rate of 95% or more.It should establish
Hebei University of Science and Technology & Hebei Tiandi-chaoyang Environmental Technology Co. Ltd -10- Environmental Management & Ecological Assessment Report for Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project,2010-2011 district control system depending on the construction of regional characteristics,and control effectively water and soil loss within the range of ecological impact zones through the implementation of soil and water conservation programs with the character of less investment, quickly effetive and stong operability. The specific way in detail is that,as for point-likeness position such as slag yard,taking the measure of majoring in engeering (debris retaining engineering and slope engineering) ,combining with land remediation and greening projects,while as for line-likeness position such as constructive road,taking the measures of engineering and planting.And as for tne entire constructive zone,it should take the measures of land remediation and greening projects,using land resource reasonable, and according to the system engineering principles,handling the relationship between the part and the whole, individual and comprehensive, immediate and long-term. (1)Controling area of constructive road To maintain excavation face stability and prevent landslides, avalanches, Both sides of constructive road should be setted embankment protection works (slope walls, retaining walls, curbs, shoulders) and drainage works.and on the basic of which,it shoule be taken measures of planting in sections, excavation section, fill section and half-filled half-dug included,according to constructive characters. Excavation retaining wall section can be planted with ivy and other vines to form green along the wall,which is refered to above road surface of half-filled half-dug section; fill slope segment can be setted up well grid on both sides of the roadbed, planted solid slope grass at the internal casing,which is refered to the slope below the road surface.The road shelterbelts that made of single trees mostly shoule be planted along the roadside. (2)Residue pond prevention area The way of slag yard ecological restoration is taking measures by combination of engineering measures and plant measures.On the basic of slag cutting open level , the part of the residue field slope takes lead wire cage to protect the slope, the
Hebei University of Science and Technology & Hebei Tiandi-chaoyang Environmental Technology Co. Ltd -11- Environmental Management & Ecological Assessment Report for Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project,2010-2011 meaning of setting dam in residue field downstream is stable the base of slope, meanwhile laid drainage facilities in the around of residue field , Horse Road and within the residue,which is to prevent the flow of the slag physical erosion, reduce infiltration of slag line of the body ,and maintain stable residue bady. And matching for engineering measures, the top of slag-body shoule be constructed with solid slag corrosion bushes and shelter, shrub residue Slope building solid residue slope protection system. (3) Construction encampment (field) control area The major control measures in this area is planting, while paying attention to the drainage in the around of construction camp (field).The specific way is that, on the basis of land remediation, the construction encompment (field) shoule be taken the measures of afforestation or reclamation of farmland depending on the difference of site conditions and site location 。 (4) Material field control area After the ending of the material field mining, the final mining platform and excavated slope shoule be taken engineering measures to remain stable, and take two plant protection measures according to the location of each yard,that is: 1) taking closed forest measures to restore vegetation 2) on the bascial of covering soil , planting solid slag corrosion protection forest which including arbor and shrub. (5)Factory dam greening area Making the greening and beautify is the main measures to control soil and water loss in this area ,under the premise of preventing soil erosion and water , the ecological environment in the project area is better by planting trees and grass to improve,that providing better environment for the workers, engineers and plant staffs.
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2.3The implementation of ecological restoration measures
Since 2009, the ending of construction project , Zhang Hewan Company had taken maesures on the construction camps and sites for ecological restoration.And from 2010 to 2011,it had taken measures to slag yard 1 #, 2 #, and 3 # of soil conservation and ecological restoration projects, recommending soil erosion protecting plan for the green yard and 8 # construction road,which1 # and 2 # residue field had been completed, the 3# implemented. 2.3.1 Ecological restoration measures of construction encampment and sites
The construction encampment located generally at the gentle slope or plateau. Through on-site survey in conjunction with local data analysis, project to The site conditions of construction camp area (field)are better ，which more of the terrainis flat,so that is no need to backfill topsoil.The way of ecological restoration was renclamating farmland after taking appropriate land rugulation. Therefor the focus of land reclamation was site clearing, creating the conditions for implementation of farm crops.Construction procedure is: 1) after the end of the construction ,demolition of temporary block and other facilities; 2) clearning the rubble, bricks, construction residue and various residues which is no good for plant growth out of the onstruction encampment (field). 3) flating ground, that is ,digging, filling and leveling.for the soil in 30cm thick within the site 2.3.2 Ecological restoration measures and the current status of slag yard 1#
Slag yard 1# where stocked slag caused by constructing the Upper Reservoir is made up of southwest ditch located B distict of foundation treatment area and west
Hebei University of Science and Technology & Hebei Tiandi-chaoyang Environmental Technology Co. Ltd -13- Environmental Management & Ecological Assessment Report for Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project,2010-2011 ditch located A distict of foundation treatment area. In which,the southwest ditch is designed to the shape of shale pile and the capacity of 675 thousand m3, the top elevation of 735m,the bottom elevation of 610m, and the slope of 1:2.Berm with width of 1.5m was constructed by each elevation of 20m,and stone-gabion debris dam was constructed at the bottom .On the other hand, the west ditch is designed to the shape of shale pile and the capacity of 4.7 million m 3, the top elevation of
765m,the bottom elevation of 605m, and the slope of 1:2.Berm with width of 5m was constructed by each elevation of 20m,and stone-gabion debris dam was constructed at the bottom.
As constructed and used for a long tine,slag yard 1# had been eroded and destroyed badly. Its southwest ditch and west ditch exist such problems as waste slag ditch obviously,southern debris dam destroyed or eroded, Intercept water facilities destroyed or eroded. In order to ensure the safty of slag yard and downstream, restoration treatment was been carried out for slag tard 1#.
The main restoration project include backfilling gully, heightening and restoring stone-gabion debris dam, restoring dam slope laid dry block stone,cleaning and restoring drainage and intercepting drain,covering with soil of slag yard and so on.Its constructed program is as follow:
Buliding temporary construction road backfilling gully restoring drainage and intercepting drain restoring stone-gabion debris dam and dam slope laid dry block stone heightening stone-gabion debris dam covering with soil Plant Restoration Specific construction schemes are as follow: (1) Backfilling gully Construction method of backfilling erosion part of slag yard is, according to the gully elevation, taking the way of the nearest top-down or bottom-up approach to build up simple constructed roads with appropriate solpe and width satisfied to
Constructional Requirements, and building up temporary construction platform, in where flattening gully and slag body using backhoe and backfilling gully with
Hebei University of Science and Technology & Hebei Tiandi-chaoyang Environmental Technology Co. Ltd -14- Environmental Management & Ecological Assessment Report for Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project,2010-2011 surrounding slag. (2)Restoring drainage and intercepting drain First, it cleaned the deposition of debris, weeds, mud, etc in drainage and intercepting drain.Then it restored destroyed drainage and intercepting drain.
Masonry materials:it take the Great Wall system sandstone material of southwest trench which has fresh and solid texture, non-weathered layer peeling or cracking, surface with no impurities such as dirt and rust,and uniform color. Sand and coarse aggregate: sand mortar used material with particle size of 0.15 ~
5mm and fineness modulus of 2.5 ~ 3.0.
Mixture ratio of cement mortar: mortar is mixed when needed,and remixed when occuring segregation and bleeding water in transportation or storage. Initial setting cementious material is forbidden.
The spread grout construction method was taken in the process of masonring before that each stone washed and cushion layer cleaned and wetted.
(3) Heightening and restoring stone-gabion debris dam First,it cleaned up and repaired damaged steel cage debris retaining dam construction site, and then warping up slag dam was heighten.
Steel gabion construction methods: the reinforcement cage with size of 200 × 100
× 100m is filled with stone by the way of the hierarchical order,thai is,layer by layer. its skeleton with diameter of 18mm is lashed by 8 # lead wire, and all apparent seams are filled with small stones dense layer of Bahrain.After that it is sealed and binded whth 8 # lead wire.
(4)Restoring dam slope laid dry block stone Before dry stone masonry paving, it should be preceded by the laying of gravel cushion with uniform thickness of 100-200mm and base density of greater than
90%. Trial paving shoud be preceded to test balance,if not, it should knock off highlight edges and corners, cush by small pieces of stone with suitable size, and then firmly secured by hammer.
As required, the dry stone masonry used in slope surface is paved in the way of
Hebei University of Science and Technology & Hebei Tiandi-chaoyang Environmental Technology Co. Ltd -15- Environmental Management & Ecological Assessment Report for Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project,2010-2011 alternate joint layer by layer, Its edges should be straight, neat and strong. The slit of slope surface shoule be with width of less than 25mm. The top and the side of masonry external appearance are paving by more flat stone.
(5)Covering surface with soil
After Residue field repair process completed, the flat and slopes of slag yard was covered with soil by excavators, of wich, the average soil thickness is 10-20cm,and thecovered soil quantity are 8364.8m 3 and 7478.8m 3,respectively.
(6) Plant restoration Slag yard 1 # planted shelter forest for water resources mainly ,the main species of which are pine, cedar, and on the other hand,it planted some tree species, such as apricot, Prunus ,in the visible range.
2.3.3 Ecological restoration measures and the current status of slag yard 2#
In order to ensure the safe operation of the slag yard 2# located at the left side of
Highway NO.1 and restore ecosystem, the slag yard 2# had been conducted leveling control.it had been designed that the top relative elevation(EL) of 98.0m and soil thickness of 0.2m, the slope gradient of 1:1.5, surface soil thickness of
0.1m, the slope at EL79.0m constructed berm with width of 5m.Construction road was been constructed with width 3.25m and gradient of 14%,which located at berm , the top and bottom of stone ballast. Management process: First the slag yard was measured the leveling elevation of
EL98.0m,and pushed by the bulldozer to the design elevation. Then the slope was cutted by excavator, and construction road was constructed in accordance with " the governance plane arrangement maps of the slag yard 2#.Next process was trimming berm located EL79.0m, and cutting slope below berm,building construction road located from berm to the bottom of slag yard.Finally,partial of bottom of slag yare was leveled and cleaned up.. Concrete construction process is shown in Figure 2.
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measurement leveling the top trimming the slope construction road
cleaning the bottom Constructing berm trimming the slope construction road
backfilling and covering with soil
Fig.2 Management process of slag yard 2# The way of management:The process of Leveling the top is that measuring the design elevation,marking at the prominent position,and pushing by excavator or bulldozer .And the process of trimming the slope is that cutting slope to the gradient of 1:1.5 from the top of slag yard to below, constucting road with gradient of 14% to the berm located at EL79.0m by excavator,and constucting berm with width of 5m when trimming at EL79.0m .After that,the platform of the top located
EL98.0m was covered with thickness soil of 0.2m,Plusing the thickness covered soil of the slope 0.1m,the total volums is 956.96m 3.
2.3.4 Soil & Water conservation and ecological measures of slag yard 3#
2.3.4.1 The introduction of slag yard 3#
Slag yard 3# ilocates at the left bank of upstream of Zhanghewan reservoir and nearby the transport hole exit, where the distance is 1.1km from the dam at the lower reservoir. And above slope toeof which,the square of watershed area is 0.395km 2.The main channel has length of 0.86km and longitudinal slope of 218 ‰,the sides of which are made up of steep and and slopes with gradient of 35 and layer thickness of 3 ~ 5cm.As the upper steep easy to collapse, the lower slopes and ditch has a large number of collapsed rock. The soil erosion of slag yard 3 # are mainly in the form of gravitational erosion (mainly landslides erosion)and flash floods. The lithological characters is metamorphic andesite,and
Hebei University of Science and Technology & Hebei Tiandi-chaoyang Environmental Technology Co. Ltd -17- Environmental Management & Ecological Assessment Report for Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project,2010-2011 bedrock has strength of about 10m. The main use of slag yard 3 # is temporary stockpiling field for rough sandstone caused by processing system, and as dynamic stockpiling field, its capacity is that dynamic total deposit amount of 383 500 m 3, designed capacity of 300,000 m 3, and the final deposit amount of 83 500 m 3. The status of slag yard 3 # is shown in Figure 1.
Fig.1 The status of slag yard 3# 2.3.4.2 Soil & Water conservation and ecological restoration measures
(1) Slope protection project The main measures for slope protection of slag yard are slope cutting open level, plant protection and so on. Cutting the slope means mainly that cutting off non-stable parts, retarding the gradient of slope, reducing aiding sliding force; and by the way of excavation slope, build the ladder or platform to achieve the goal of changing relatively truncated slope length, the slope type, slope gradient , slope ratio, and maintaining slope stability. To slag yard 3#,cutting slope is changing its gradient to 1:1.5.And as loosen soil afted that,it shoule take sone measures as building retaining wall to protected the
Hebei University of Science and Technology & Hebei Tiandi-chaoyang Environmental Technology Co. Ltd -18- Environmental Management & Ecological Assessment Report for Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project,2010-2011 slope toe where could cause collapse,. Flood control drainage should be digged at 1m away from the foot of the slope, whose section size should be calculations based on the slope runoff . The cross-section after slope cutting and open class should be taken plant protection measures, such as planting arbor or fruit trees in a small. (2)Plant recovery Land leveling: The way of leveling slag yard 3 # is divided into rough leveling and remediation fine leveling. In which,rough leveling is mainly pulling the entire slope and steps as the elevation of the area, that is, as the slow slope to make step.And on the basis of which,to conserve water & soil,and take the way of plant measuresto rebuild and restoration,fine leveling is needed. It is not only to ensure the implementation of casing next stage, but also to stabilize slope solid form, and its detail work is repairing pumice slopes to retain platform width, and transfering the shape of platform to terrace-like convenient for the land use. Backfilling and Covering with Soil:The surface of slag yard 3 # should be taken from the flood land of the North songting Village located at upstream left bank of the lower where has rich resource of topsoil. So it is suggested that digging soil should take the way of mechanize, notice protecting, especially original land surface; backfilling should take the way of semi-mechanical construction. As the top of the body made up of small stones, gravel, stones, the slag body is loose, large pores, and easy to leak.To ensure the moisture within the soil layer after covering with soil and no the soil vertical erosion phenomenon ,management to the surfaces of slag body is needed before covering, its specific process is that laying clay (or impermeable material), rolling dense,and so impermeable layer formed, and then covering the top and the slope of slag body with soil thickness of 30cm. Plant Measures: Chosen species should have the following features: strong ability to adapt, nitrogen-fixing ability, developed root system, higher growth rate, and high survival rate. Based on the above features, and combined with the region's conditions and vegetation characteristics, the top of slag body is designed to
Hebei University of Science and Technology & Hebei Tiandi-chaoyang Environmental Technology Co. Ltd -19- Environmental Management & Ecological Assessment Report for Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project,2010-2011 scenic forest, and in order to play the forest landscape role, with green area around the reservoir together as a whole ,such plants as apricot, Prunus,and crabapple were chosen. Slag body slope was designed to the soil and water conservation shelter, sea buckthorn chosen. Planting wild apricot and peach took the methods of reforestation with the hole size of 40 × 40 × 30cm, and planting sea buckthorn took the way of sapling with the hole size of 50 × 50 × 40cm. The density was designed for the 3300 trees per hectare, spacing of 1.5 × 2m.The trees were planted in fall, cutted stem height of 2cm ,and all covered with soil thickness of 2cm. It must protect young forest within1-4 years, which including cultivation, weeding, hole riding, earth, selecting seedlings, settinf lines, pruning and necessary pruning, controlling pest , preventing forest fire and so on. At each autumn and winter,it must full examination to new young forest and replanted young forest last autumn and spring ,and assess the survival rate and growth situation.Then according to assessment results, replanting measures were proposed.
2.3.5 Ecological restoration measures of QingNao Material yard
Qing Nao yard located in the southwest of the reservoir is 3km direct distance from the upper reservoir, its terrain is steep, the roots elevation is 850m, the top elevation is 990m, its length is about 750m from north and south, and width of 80-175m from east to west, the excavation area of about 32000m 2 . Its reserves is rich,and rock is oolitic limestone and argillaceous banded limestone. Status of the yard is shown in Figure 2. Land remediation includes two aspects: one aspect is backfilling the crater formed in the process of exploitation, the other is reform the surface of exploitation after exploring. The purpose of remedying land also includes two aspects: one is to control soil erosion, the other is to take full advantage of the land after remediation and restore vegetation.
Hebei University of Science and Technology & Hebei Tiandi-chaoyang Environmental Technology Co. Ltd -20- Environmental Management & Ecological Assessment Report for Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project,2010-2011
Fig.2 The status of Qingnao material yard 2.3.5.1 Exploitation Surface Regulation
Backfilling the crater: It should make full use of waste stone as possible, and reasonable arrangements to run routes and waste rock dump way, according to the crater volume and the volume of waste rock. Leveling projects: leveling the site must be carried out after backfilling the crater. The way of leveling divided into rough leveling and remediation fine leveling. In which,rough leveling is mainly pulling the entire slope and steps as the elevation of the area, that is, as the slow slope to make step that designed heigh of 20m,And on the basis of which,to rebuild and restoration plant,fine leveling is needed. its detail work is repairing pumice slopes to retain platform width, and transfering the shape of platform to terrace-like convenient for the land use.The slope of steps depends on the stability of rocks on the basis of rough leveling. Covering with soil: after the construction of land leveling, the work covering with soil was carried out according to a certain order, and the soil thickness of the top surface of yard should be 40cm.
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2.3.5.2 Land Use afte Leveling
As the character of Qing Nao slag yard is steep terrain, low rate of plant cover , difficult to reforestation , and long distance from other construction sites, so restoring vegetation was taken the way of enclosing the hills for natural afforestation, The design of enclosing the hills for natural afforestation is shown in Table 2-1.
Tab.2-1 The frame of enclosing the hills for natural afforestation design Serial Items Contents number the type of enclosing 1 the hills for natural Shrub-grass type afforestation the way of enclosing the 2 hills for natural enclose all afforestation the life of enclosing the 3 hills for natural 3～5 years afforestation the measures of 4 Making signs in a prominent place enclosing 5 the measures of forest Artificial sow grass seed of adsurgens According to the principle of "prevention, making protect The conserve 6 measures as harm, management comprehensive", measures preventing livestock trampling and fire It should organizes effectiveness surveys of enclosing the hills for natural afforestation .The qualified goal is that the rate of Shrub-grass covering is not less than 50%( Shrub not less than 20%),if not it should be take measures of keeping on enclosing hills or replanted depended on different situations until reach to the qualified goal.
2.3.6 Soil & Water Conservation Measures of 8# Road’ Side Slope
The 8# road,spans 4.8km, has been used by Zhanghewan Pumped Storage’s lower reservoir, the water - carrige system, the underground workshop system
Hebei University of Science and Technology & Hebei Tiandi-chaoyang Environmental Technology Co. Ltd -22- Environmental Management & Ecological Assessment Report for Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project,2010-2011 together. It begins with left jetty head docking of lower reservoir dam, and ends up with lower reservoir upstream side connecting with the 1# road. It mainly used to be the route for transportation hole, wind tunnel, the underground workshop system, dregs blocking dam, equipment for lower reservoir, materials, dregs and so on during the earlier construction period, while at present it mainly uses in satisfying the transportation request of the plant’s oprating period. The 8th road designed by the secondary standard of the open-air mine path, the station number K0+000~K4+613.182, the computation running speed is 30km/h, surface width 6.5~8.0m, the design load to be mad - 40, hangs - 120. The massif needs to be excavated during the construction process of the road. Road. Some kind of immediate consequences are caused by the construction, such as the sharp declineing of plant's growth quantity, the destruction of the animals’ habitat, then destroy the ecological environment of the mountain massif, and affect the environment of the road’s both sides. Besides, it would aslo intensify the possibility that the soil erosion occurs. The mountain massif destroyed by the road’s construction is showed in Figure 3. It suggested using lock bolt support woth shotcrete method to restore the mountain massif which destructed by the construction of the road. Lock bolt support woth shotcrete a new reinforcement technology refers to integrated by the shotcrete, the mat reinforcement, the anchor rod. Its function is: Anchor rod through drill hole thorough gneiss, which can effectively improves the shearing strength of the gneiss; while through the high-pressured spray method for the shotcrete sprays ，spurtting the concretes on the surface of the ground, may maintain the good cementation with the ground and enhance the gneiss stability. In addition, the mat reinforcement formed one kind of organic union among the shotcrete, the mat reinforcement, the anchor rod and the gneiss, and it has fully displayed the gneiss’s own intensity. It’s a new reinforcement technology stressed actively that transformed from the traditional reinforcement method(For example gravity bulkhead) stressed passively. Now lock bolt support woth shotcrete is widely used in landslide government, side slope protection, hole excavated for
Hebei University of Science and Technology & Hebei Tiandi-chaoyang Environmental Technology Co. Ltd -23- Environmental Management & Ecological Assessment Report for Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project,2010-2011 building foundation reinforcement and other project and so on.
Fig.3 Broken mountain by road construction This project mainly carries on the reinforcement to the 8# road station number 0+888~0+958,2+218~2+373,2+406~2+474. The mainly construction method is spurtting with dry conc rete. The working procedures are as follows: The anchor rod was arranged with equidistant and anchored with mortar, leaving a certain angle between the anchor rod direction and the horizontal direction. The PVC discharge pipe uses DN32, spacing 3m, length 45cm.
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© Preparation work Before spurtting concrete to the side slope, it should make preparatory work according to the design paper or the instruction of oversees engineers. Before spraying, It shoule be done that inspecting the land sector and eliminating the dangerous work such as cleaning up pumice ,crushed stone and so on. a) Cleaning up sundry goods on protection crag surface, such as pumice and loose rock. b) washing slope face with high blow, and leaving the crag surface maintain certain temperature. © Anchor construction Construction of anchor holes (1) Disposition of anchor holes: arranging and marking the holes according to the designing requirement and conditions of the side slope.and its deviation is allowed less than 5%. (2) direction of the holes: the skewness of drilling hole shoule be less than 5% (3) deepth of the holes ：The length that the hole depth surpassing the anchor rod designed is not smaller than 0.5m. (4) Vacuming up before drilling the holes: Using high-pressured water to clear the something in the holes ,including extant water, rock meal, detritus and other sundries and so on. Installment of anchor rod (1) Pouring mortar Its construction procedure is that ,first,pouring mortar with grouting tanks and grouting pipes to the holes of anchor rod. Then wetting the grouting tanks and pipes when the procedure starts or pause more than 30 min. Grouting pressure of the pipe’s mouth not more than 0.4MPA, and blocking up the pipe’s mouth. And then Inserting the grouting pipes to the bottom of the hole until the depth about 5 ~ 10CM, finally pulling out it slowly and jaming holes. (2) Installment of anchor rod ： As soon as the head of the anchor rod next to the hold , it should open up the
Hebei University of Science and Technology & Hebei Tiandi-chaoyang Environmental Technology Co. Ltd -25- Environmental Management & Ecological Assessment Report for Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project,2010-2011 cement bad paper that jaming hold, then inserting the rod to the right place immediately. Make sure that there is no cement mortar spilled over, then installing the anchor rod after puulling out the rod and reperfusion.The deepth that the anchor rod inser into should not smaller than the designed length, while voluntary knocking and hanging things in 3 days are not allowed. © Fabrication and installation of the steel fabric It needs to inbuilt the signs for control the thickness of cement, and lay down the steel fabric. The separation distance should be 20*20, and the thickness of protective layer be 30mm. Then it shoule to make sure the steel fabric and the anchor rod joined securely, and the gap between the connecting poin with the rock surface should be constructed as the working drawing. © Installment of the scupper The scupers is layed out as 3*3 regularly on the slopingsurface. And the deepth of the holds is 20cm. The drain pipes made of PVC are 45cm long, which oblique is 4%. © Cement’s spoutting a)The mixing ratio of concrete according to experoment should be approved. Trialing should be done before shotcrete to determine the mix ratio of concrete and construction procedures, and finally large-scale construction could be use only after approval by the supervising engineer. b) The way of spoutting is using wet jet sprayed concrete, portable electric air compressor for the air, checking on the technical machinery, inspection of water, wind, circuit before construction until satisfied. then it can operate. c) Shotcrete should be segmented, fragmented, bottom-up approach. When peration begins, blast is firstly, power follows, and then feed; in the end, power off after feeded enough. It shoule be make sure that jet feeding continuously and uniformly, the hopper maintaining sufficient storage material when operating normally, and spray thickness uniform which consistenting with designed drawings. d) Mixtures should be stirred and used timely. And its storage time should be no more than 2 hours without accelerator, while if mixed with accelerator, storage time
Hebei University of Science and Technology & Hebei Tiandi-chaoyang Environmental Technology Co. Ltd -26- Environmental Management & Ecological Assessment Report for Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project,2010-2011 is not more than 20 minutes. Mixing time of mixtures should according to specifications. e) In the transport and storage process, the mixtures should be forbidden raining, dripping , mixing with large stones and other debris, so it should be sifted before into the jet. f) Before injection, spray workers should control the water-cement ratio strictly, making sure the the spray layer surface is smooth, and no dry spots or slip flow phenomenon. Direction of the nozzle shoule be vertical to spray surface. Spraying concrete cover the steel when the nozzle close to the steel.the movement trajectory of the nozzle is bar, bars, circles, etc. interchangeably. Moving slowly, so that the concrete could pile up and remove after it has a certain thickness, and then gradually expand the injection scope. g)The rebound thing caused from shotcrete can put into the next group of ingredients if can not be collected to not affect the quality of sprayed concrete. h) Spray quality inspection First,checking the spray surface according to specifications if existing such phenomenons or not as loose, cracking, falling, slip and so, if existing,itmust be promptly removed and re-spray. Then listening to the sound of hammering to determine whether body spray up to a certain intensity, and processing the hollowing shelling point timely. Next,drilling and measurement, filling spray where the thickness is not enough. Then,Resilience and the actual mix should be determined in time to guide the construction of the next step. Finally mechanical tests should be done using specimen spray body. The specific construction are shown in Figure 4, Figure 5
Hebei University of Science and Technology & Hebei Tiandi-chaoyang Environmental Technology Co. Ltd -27- Environmental Management & Ecological Assessment Report for Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project,2010-2011
Fig.4 road slope in the process of shotcrete reinforcement
Fig.5 road slope ater shotcrete reinforcement In summary, after taken shotcrete reinforcement measures to the slope of the road , the stability of rock and soil have improved. Because the role of steel mesh, so that shotcrete, steel mesh, anchor, rock and soil formed an organic combination, which makes the strength of its rock and soil has been fully exploited. The
Hebei University of Science and Technology & Hebei Tiandi-chaoyang Environmental Technology Co. Ltd -28- Environmental Management & Ecological Assessment Report for Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project,2010-2011 implementation of the measures can effectively reduce the incidence of soil erosion in mountain and minimize the probability of disaster.
2.4 Implemented measures compared with EIA suggested measures
In summary, the implementation of ecological restoration measures in the project includes soil and water conservation measures and effect on vegetation rehabilitation measures on the construction encampment, slag yard and others. Those measures are consisten with the ecological restoration measures that recommended in the EIA report. 3. Environmental management of the project from Sep. 2010 to Sep.2011
3.1 Environmental management of Zhanghewan Company
Zhanghewan Company carried out the effective environmental management to the construction of accumulation power station, according to the environment consequences report and complying with laws and regulations of Chinese environmental protection and requirements of environmental protection of the local government . (1) The company pertinencily supervised the relevant units to establish the improvement measures on problems of stage environmental pollution and ecological consequences put forward in the 2nd Evaluation Report 2008, which was submitted by the environment consultation institute. (2) The construction unit who has already completed the task, the encampment , the field for materials as well as the remained construction and living garbage have been leveled off and cleared up. (3) The company inspected the operation conditions of the domestic wastewater treatment system and the construction wastewater treatment system, and further
Hebei University of Science and Technology & Hebei Tiandi-chaoyang Environmental Technology Co. Ltd -29- Environmental Management & Ecological Assessment Report for Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project,2010-2011 perfected and renovated the domestic wastewater treatment system of project agency. (4) The company strengthened the construction of conservation of soil and water, controlled soil erosion, carried out the seasonal maintenance to plants such as Staghorn Sumac and Boston ivy which were planted at both sides of road in construction area and in the working area of project agency by using the seasonal climate conditions, and strengthened the management intensity of virscence area.
3.2 Work of environmental consultation institute the institute implemented the consultation work of environmental management and ecological evaluation according to the environment consequences report and requirements on project’s environmental management of Asian Development Bank and Zhanghewan Company infrom 2010 to 2100. (1) Various environmental factors of power station project were monitored and the ecological environmental effects of project construction were evaluated in accordance with environmental management and the ecological evaluation outline. (2) Public survey was made according to the construction characteristics and incidence of power station project . (3) Domestic wastewater, noise control measures as well as managing of sand raising pollution were carried out periodically. (4) Domestic drinking water of Yanzhuang Village, Ceyu Town, management department of Zhanghewan reservoir and the working area of project agency were monitored . (5) Contingency Plans for Emergency Environmental Accidents Treatment in Flood Season of 2009 has already been submitted. 4. Environmental monitoring
4.1 Monitoring on environmental atmosphere
4.1.1 Monitoring frequency and administrative standard
(1) Monitoring Spot Location
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According to the local dominant winddirection and regional distribution of environmental sensitive points, two air monitoring sites around the reservoir, the project office and Yanzhuang village in Ceyu town, was setted. The ptotoes of monitorring is shown below.
(2) Monitoring Items
The monitoring items were SO 2, TSP, NO 2, HC, CO in the ambient atmosphere. (3) Monitoring frequency The Atmospheric environmental quanlity was Monitored by Environmental Monitoring Centero of Shijiazhuang from 20th, Sep.2010 to 26th ,sep.2010 . The monitoring frequency and schedule can be seen in Table4-1.
Table 4-1 Ambient Air Monitoring Frequency List Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring category Monitoring frequency items date TSP Daily average no less than 18 hours each time
Daily average no less than 18 hours each time SO 2、 four time per day 2:00am,8:00am, NO 2、 CO Hourly average 2:00pm, 8:00pm, no less than 2009.11.20~26 45min each time momentary maximum four time per day 2:00am,8:00am, HC allowable 2:00pm, 8:00pm, no less than concentration 45min each time 4.1.2 Monitoring results
The monitoring results of ambient air pollutants in the assessment region can be seen in Table4-2 and Table 4-3.
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Table4-2 The monitoring result of of daily average concentration daily average Range of daily Standard Range of concentration Monitoring Monitoring average Value pollutant items Spot concentration Over the (mg/m 3) index (mg/m 3) Standard maximal Rate ( ％）％）％） multiple The project office 0.020 ～0.032 0.13 ～0.21 0 0 Yanzhuang SO 2 0.15 village in Ceyu 0.026 ～0.030 0.17 ～0.20 0 0 town The project office 0.021 ～0.028 0.18 ～0.23 0 0 Yanzhuang NO 2 0.12 village in Ceyu 0.020 ～0.031 0.17 ～0.26 0 0 town The project office 0.132 ～0.140 0.44 ～0.47 0 0 TSP Yanzhuang 0.30 village in Ceyu 0.135 ～0.145 0.45 ～0.48 0 0 town The project office 0.790 ～0.834 0.20 ～0.21 0 0 CO Yanzhuang 4.00 village in Ceyu 0.789 ～0.822 0.20 ～0.21 0 0 town
Table4-3 The monitoring result of of hourly average concentration Range of daily average Standard hourly Range of concentration Monitoring Monitoring Value average pollutant items Spot Over the (mg/m 3) concentration index Standard maximal (mg/m 3) Rate ( ％）％）％） multiple The project office 0.025 ～0.035 0.05 ～0.07 0 0 Yanzhuang SO 2 0.5 0.052 ～ village in Ceyu 0.026 ～0.036 0 0 0.072 town 0.092 ～ The project office 0.022 ～0.031 0 0 0.129
NO 2 Yanzhuang 0.24 0.108 ～ village in Ceyu 0.026 ～0.036 0 0 0.150 town 0.136 ～ The project office 1.36 ～1.70 0 0 0.170 CO Yanzhuang 10 0.132 ～ village in Ceyu 1.32 ～1.57 0 0 0.157 town 0.106 ～ The project office 0.017 ～0.025 0 0 0.156 HC Yanzhuang 0.16 0.125 ～ village in Ceyu 0.020 ～0.026 0 0 0.163 town
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It can be seen from the monitoring results that, the range of daily average
3, concentration of SO 2 is 0.020-0.032mg/m ,and the range of hourly average
3 concentration of SO 2 is 0.025-0.036mg/m , which indecates the daily and hourly average concentration of SO 2 can meet the secondary standard of national standard of ambient air quality..
3,, The range of daily average concentration of NO 2 is 0.021-0.031mg/m ,and the range of hourly average concentration is 0.022-0.036mg/m 3, which indecates the daily and hourly average concentration of NO 2 can meet the secondary standard of national standard of ambient air quality..
The range of daily average concentration of CO is 0.020-0.032mg/m 3, ,and the range of hourly average concentration is 1.32-1.70mg/m 3, which indecates the daily and hourly average concentration of CO can meet the secondary standard of national standard of ambient air quality.
The range of daily average concentration of TSP is 0.132-0.145mg/m 3, , which indecates the daily average concentration of TSP can meet the secondary standard of national standard of ambient air quality..
The range of momentary maximum allowable concentration of HC is 0.017-0.026mg/m 3, which indecates the concentration of CO can meet the standard referred to America.
(6)Summary
The monitoring result indicates that the hourly average of SO 2, NO 2, CO and HC meet the secondary standard of national standard of ambient air quality.
4.2 Monitoring on aqueous environment
4.2.1 The monitoring items
The monitoring contents of aqueous environment of the reservoir can be seen from Table4-4 according to the requisition of the monitoring plan.
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Table4-4 The detailed contents of the monitoring items of the reservoir Monitoring Monitoring items Monitoring positions time pH 、SS 、COD 、Permanganate Index 、DO 、Cr 6+ 、 Water intake of TP 、TN 、NH -N、petroleum 、chloride、nitrate-N、 Zhanghewan reservoir 、 3 10/17/2010 the center of volatizing hydroxybenzene 、cyanide 、total As 、total 02/25/2011 Zhanghewan reservoir 、 06/15/2011 Pb 、total Zn 、fluoride 、total Hg 、total Cd 、Dejecta the lower reach of Zhanghewan reservoir coliform 、sulfide22 items in all
4.2.2 The monitoring and analytic methods
The monitoring and analytic methods on water quality of Zhanghewan reservoir follow the national standard method, the detail can be seen from Table4-5.
Table4-5 The monitoring and analytic method of water quality Monitoring Analytic method Monitoring items Analytic method items Nessler's reagent pH Glass electrode method NH -N 3 colorimetric method Infrared spectroscopic SS Gravimetric method Petroleum method Postassium dichromate Infrared photometric COD Propagation oil method method Permanganate Dilution and inoculation Ethylene diamine Nitrate-N Index method spectrohotometry Mensuration on Volatizing DO Iodimetry method volatizing hydroxybenzene hydroxybenzene Diphenylcarbazide Mensuration on Cr 6+ Cyanide spectrophotometric method Cyanide Ammonium Molybdate Silver TP Spectrophotometric Total As diethyldithiocarbamate Method spectrohotometry Ultraviolet Atomic absorption TN Total Pb spectrophotometric method spectrophotometry Ion selective electrode Atomic absorption Fluoride Total Zn method spectrophotometry Silver nitrate titrimetric Atomic absorption Chloride Total Cd method spectrophotometry Silver Diethyldithiocarbamate multi-tube zymolytic Total Hg Dejecta coliform Spectrophotometric method method
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4.2.3 The monitoring result
The monitoring positions are the water intake of Zhanghewan reservoir (Nanhaoting Bridge section), the center of Zhanghewan reservoir and the lower reach of the reservoir, the photos of sampling as follows,the monitoring results can be seen from Table4-6 and Table4-8.
Table4-6 The monitoring results of water quality at the water intake of Zhanghewan reservoir (Nanhaoting Bridge)
Monitoring items Standard limits 10/17/2010 02/25/2011 06/15/2011
PH 6.5-8.5 7.84 8.07 8.28
DO ≥6mg/L 9.62 8.89 9.01 Permanganate ≤4 mg/L 3.12 0.86 1.25 index COD ≤15 mg/L 5.67 5.17 14.6
NH 3-N ≤0.5mg/L 0.247 0.027 0.044 Total P ≤0.025mg/L 0.10 0.03 0.02
Total N ≤0.5mg/L 2.74 2.94 2.42
Zn ≤1.0mg/L 0.05 0.05 0.05
Fluoride ≤1.0mg/L 0.26 0.28 0.10
As ≤0.05mg/L 0.00062 0.00020 0.00016
Hg ≤0.05µg/L 0.00009 0.00020 0.00002
Cd ≤0.005mg/L 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001
Cr 6+ ≤0.05mg/L 0.004 0.004 0.004
Pb ≤0.01mg/L 0.001 0.001 0.001
Cyanide ≤0.05mg/L 0.004 0.004 0.004 Volatilizing ≤0.002mg/L 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 hydroxybenzene Petroleum ≤0.05mg/L 0.022 0.030 0.027
Sulfide ≤0.1mg/L 0.016 0.005 0.005
Dejecta Coliform ≤2000 n/L 759 780 807
Chloride ≤250mg/L 12.1 9.59 9.51
Nitrate-N ≤10mg/L 0.47 0.20 /
SS ≤15mg/L 8 8 6
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Table 4-7 The monitoring results of water quality in the center of Zhanghewan reservoir Monitoring Standard limits 10/17/2010 02/25/2011 06/15/2011 items PH 6.5-8.5 8.05 7.94 8.12
DO ≥6mg/L 9.36 9.35 9.32 Permanganate ≤4 mg/L 1.54 1.73 1.58 index COD ≤15 mg/L 4.78 15.0 13.8
NH 3-N ≤0.5 mg/L 0.058 0.032 0.073
Total P ≤0.025mg/L 0.13 0.13 0.13
Total N ≤0.5mg/L 1.15 1.86 2.58
Zn ≤1.0mg/L 0.05 0.05 0.05
Fluoride ≤1.0mg/L 0.20 0.34 0.07
As ≤0.05mg/L 0.00070 0.00078 0.00062
Hg ≤0.05mg/L 0.00015 0.00015 0.00002
Cd ≤0.05µg/L 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001
Cr 6+ ≤0.05mg/L 0.004 0.004 0.004
Pb ≤0.01mg/L 0.001 0.001 0.001
Cyanide ≤0.05mg/L 0.004 0.004 0.004
volatile phenol ≤0.002mg/L 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003
Petroleum ≤0.05mg/L 0.022 0.027 0.033
Sulfide ≤0.05mg/L 0.005 0.006 0.005 Dejecta ≤2000 n/L 910 870 935 Coliform Chloride ≤250mg/L 45.9 12.3 10.4
Nitrate-N ≤10mg/L 4.37 0.08 /
SS ≤15mg/L 8 9 7
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Table4-8 The monitoring results of water quality at the lower reach of Zhanghewan reservoir Monitoring Standard limits 10/17/2010 02/25/2011 06/15/2011 items PH 6.5-8.5 8.35 8.02 8.58
DO ≥6mg/L 8.59 8.73 8.80 Permanganate ≤4 mg/L 2.56 1.79 1.72 index COD ≤15mg/L 6.24 14.0 14.2
NH 3-N ≤0.5mg/L 0.296 0.032 0.161
Total P ≤0.025mg/L 0.47 0.11 0.03
Total N ≤0.5mg/L 3.15 1.85 2.51
Zn ≤1.0mg/L 0.05 0.05 0.05
Fluoride ≤1.0mg/L 0.28 0.33 0.06
As ≤0.05mg/L 0.00133 0.00078 0.00133
Hg ≤0.05µg/L 0.00009 0.00029 0.00002
Cd ≤0.005mg/L 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001
Cr 6+ ≤0.05mg/L 0.004 0.004 0.004
Pb ≤0.01mg/L 0.001 0.001 0.001
Cyanide ≤0.05mg/L 0.004 0.004 0.004
volatile phenol ≤0.002mg/L 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003
Petroleum ≤0.05mg/L 0.019 0.021 0.023
Sulfide ≤0.1mg/L 0.005 0.005 0.005
Dejecta Coliform ≤2000 n/L 891 940 918
Chloride ≤250mg/L 12.6 12.5 10.3
Nitrate-N ≤10mg/L 0.11 0.08 /
SS ≤15mg/L 8 6 7
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Water intake of Zhanghewan reservoir the center of Zhanghewan reservoir
(1) Nanhaoting Bridge Section: Total N, Total P sampling on the date 10/17/2010 and 02/25/2011 from the water intake of reservoir exceeded the secondary standard according to 《Environmental Quality Standard of Surface Water 》 (GB3838-2002), Total N sampling on the date 06/15/2011 exceeded the the lower reach of the reservoir secondary standard according to 《 Environmental Quality Standard of Surface Water 》 (GB3838-2002), while concentration of others met the requisition of the standard. (2) The center of the reservoir: The monitoring results ofTotal P, Total N exceeded the secondary standard of 《Environmental Quality Standard of Surface Water 》 (GB3838-2002), while other items met the requisition. (3) The lower reach of reservoir’s outlet: The monitoring results of Total P, Total N exceeded the secondary standard of 《Environmental Quality Standard of Surface Water 》(GB3838-2002), while other items met the requisition.
4.3 The monitoring on sewage disposal facilities
4.3.1 The monitoring items
It monitored outlet of sewage disposal facilities ,which constructed completely until
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Mar.2009,and the requisition of monitoring plan can be seen from Table4-9.
Table 4-9 The detailed contents of monitoring on facilities of sanitary sewage disposal
Monitoring items Monitoring time Monitoring positions
SS 、COD Mn 、BOD 5、 10/17/2010 、02/25/2011 、 outlet of wastewater disposal facilites NH 3-N 06/15/2011 4.3.2 Monitoring results
The monitored result detail can be seen from Table4-10.
Table 4-10 The monitoring results from the outlet of sewage disposal facilities Monitoring Monitoring SS COD BOD NH -N positions time 5 3 The outlet of 10/17/2010 45 65 23.7 10.8 sewage disposal 02/25/2011 39 68 22.6 9.70 facilities in the project office 06/15/2011 48 62 20.3 9.52 Standard limits 70 70 100 30
The monitoring results indicate that with the sewage disposal, the water quality of domestic sewage from the project office meet the primary standard of 《Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard 》（ GB8978-1996 ）. Meanwhile, it is acceptable that the domestic sewage from living area has litter effect on water quality of reservoir because the quantity of sanitary water is small and water quality is simple.
4.4Monitoring on Drinking Water
Environmental manggement Organization organized survey on population health,its main work as follows:it monitored drinking water of yanzhuang village on the date 10/17/2010 and 02/25/2011,06/15/2011.The pictuer of samping is given, and the monitoring items and result can be seen from Table4-11.
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Tab4-11 The Monitoring Result Monitoring Standard limits 10/17/2010 02/25/2011 06/15/2011 Item PH 6.5 ～8.5 7.82 7.85 8.20
volatile phenol 0.002mg/L 0.0003L 0.0003L 0.0003L
total harrdness 450mg/L 250 280 194
Fluoride 1.0mg/L 0.45 0.52 0.45
Nitrate-N 20mg/L 3.22 0.94 2.61
Sulfide 250mg/L 80.2 88.9 74.7
Chloride 250mg/L 12.8 17.8 15.5
NH 3-N 0.5mg/L 0.077 0.032 0.044
Cyanide 0.05mg/L 0.004L 0.004L 0.004L
Cr 6+ 0.05mg/L 0.004L 0.004L 0.004L
Pb 0.01mg/L 0.001L 0.001L 0.001L Anion 0.3mg/L 0.05L 0.05L 0.05L Detergent ：《 》 P.S. Implementing Standards Standard for Drinking Water Quality (GB5749-2006)
The monitoring results indicate that the monitored items concentration of drinking water sampling at yanzhuang village meet the standard of 《Standard for Drinking Water Quality 》(GB5749-2006).
4.5 Monitoring on sound
environment Yanzhuangvillage ceyu Town
4.5.1 The monitoring positions
As the project was completed until March 2009 ，two positions were set in the area to monitor the quality of sound environment, respectively the project office and Yanzhuang village in Ceyu town.
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4.4.2 Monitoring items
Ambient noise was monitored in 24-hour equivalent sound level. 4.4.3 Monitoring and analyzing method
Noise statistical-analysis instrument AWA6218 was used, the process of monitoring met the regulation of method of noise measurement and monitoring time and ambient status met the requisition of standards. 4.4.4 Monitoring results and assessment
The monitoring on noise environment was conducted from 02/25/2011 to 02/26/2011 the result can be seen from Table4-12.
Table4-12 The monitoring results of ambient noise Monitoring result Ld Ln Ldn Monitoring positions dB(A) dB(A) dB(A) The project office 40.9 39.3 40.1 The residential area of Yanzhuang 39.3 38.5 38.9 Village in Ceyu Town National Standard Ld 55 dB(A) Ln 45dB(A) (1) The project office: The noise value in the daytime is 40.9dB(A) while that of nighttime is 40.1dB(A), and that of day-night is 40.1dB(A). (2) Yanzhuang village in Ceyu town: The noise value in the daytime is39.3dB(A) while that of nighttime id 38.5dB(A), and that of day-night is 38.9dB(A). The monitoring data indicates that ambient noise in various positions meet the primary standard of 《Environmental quality standard for noise 》（ GB3096-2008 ）.
4.6 The safeguard measure of monitoring quality
(1) The monitoring and analytic instruments were verified by provincial and municipal metrology department, they had been in the usage time and was adjusted before using. The analytical members were trained before working and held certificate to work. (2) The sampling course followed 《The monitoring technique norm of surface water and sewage 》（ HJ/T91-2002 ）. In the process of water quality analysis, blank
Hebei University of Science and Technology & Hebei Tiandi-chaoyang Environmental Technology Co. Ltd -41- Environmental Management & Ecological Assessment Report for Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project,2010-2011 experiment, parallel experiment, sampling experiment and sampling analysis were conducted and the testing results were in the confine of the permitted value. (3) Sampling collection, record, conservation and experimental analysis were executed according to 《Environmental monitoring technique norm 》(the part of atmosphere and waste air) and 《The analytical method of atmosphere and waste air 》（ The fourth edition ）. (4) The noise monitoring process met the requisition of 《Environmental quality standard for noise 》（GB3096-2008 ）. 5. Ecological restoration and treatment of Water& Soil losses Depending on the natural environmental conditions there, Zhang Hewan Company has made the best use of their time of the measures of ecolgical restoration and soil & water conservation, which mainly embodied in the following points: (1) Owing to the advantages of the past spring and summer this year, Zhang Hewan Company carried out ecological restoration on slag yard 1#, 2# and 3#. They planted wild apricots, wild peaches, hippophae raamnoides and some other kinds of plants to enhence the effection caused by the project ecological restoration and soil & water conservation of slag yards. (2) The company constantly enforced clearance and maintenance for the massif landslide section and the residue storing place. (3) It adopted project managing measures and continuously perfected the soil erosion managing project of the abandoned residue place by using the favorable natural environment conditions of the season. (4) They cleared and stroke-off the places used to be the construction plants and also the campbuildings. After taking some ecological restoration measures as above,the ecological environment of zones impacted by construction,including campbuildings, temporary ground, slag yards is better obviously.The detail is as follow. From the contrastions which had been made above, we can conclude that after a set
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(1)The construction camp(field) Environmental contrastions between construction period and initializing operating period are given by below figures..
Cement agitator during construction period(in 2005)
Landscape contrastions between construction period and the period after ecological restoration (in 2010)
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Landscape contrastions of the 11th bureau’s living quarters between construction period and the period after ecological restoration (in 2010)
Campbuildings of the above reservior in 2004
Campbuildings of the above reservior in 2011
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The reservoir’s outlet during construction period(in 2005)
Landscape contrastions between construction period and early service period (in 2010) The construction camp (field) was taken measures of leveling land, and restoring through natural vegetation. Through investigation, after the construction
Hebei University of Science and Technology & Hebei Tiandi-chaoyang Environmental Technology Co. Ltd -45- Environmental Management & Ecological Assessment Report for Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project,2010-2011 completes,temporary facilities had been removed, the land leveled, destructed zones planted or reclamation of farmland .By contrasting between construction period and early service period(given by above figures),it can be seen that the region has grown out of some grasses and crops,and the effect of ecological restoration is obviously.
(2) 1# Slag yard Environmental contrastions between construction period and initializing operating period is given by below figures..
1#Slag yard in construction period(in 2006)
Landscape contrastions of 1#Slag yard between construction period and early service period (2011)
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It can be seen from above figures, after taking reasonable engineering measures and ecological restoration, the # 1 flat the surface of slag yard 1# is flat and covered with thickness soil of which surface covered with plant.It proves that ecosystem slag yard 1# has been in the early phase of restoration.And when the vegetation to a certain degree,that is, the foundation of strong, it has a strong ability to solid earth , so it can prevent, control and management effectively water & soil lost that is leaded to development and construction of this project ,reduce the possible negative impact on ecological environmental, and prevent soil erosion hazards.
(2) 2# Slag yard Environmental contrastions between construction period and initializing operating period is given by below figures..
The ecosystem restoration of Slag yard 2# depended on self-restoration ability without plant recovery. It can be seen from above figure, after taking reasonable engineering and ecological restoration measures, temporary land occupation of slag yard2# has been covered with a lot of vegetation ,which means the ecosystem had been restored to some extent, and it can achieve the goal of controlling erosion and improving the ecological environment. Construction unit ZPS. Co. Ltd. had signed contract named "the transfer list of Zhanghewan Pumped Storage
Power Station construction site " with the village committee of beisongting villiage ceyu town on the date of 4th,May, 2011, and transferred the right of temporary land occupation formally.
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2#Slag yard in construction period(in 2006)
Landscape contrastions between construction period and early service period (2011) of 2#Slag yard
Hebei University of Science and Technology & Hebei Tiandi-chaoyang Environmental Technology Co. Ltd -48- Environmental Management & Ecological Assessment Report for Zhanghewan Pumped Storage Project,2010-2011 6. Public participation
6.1 Forms of public participation
By means of various forms of investigations during project construction period, the environmental consultant institutions carried out intensive public participation, aiming at timely collection of the opinions and suggestions from associated societies and the public on environmental impact caused by the project construction and feedback to Zhanghewan Co., so that Zhanghewan Co. could take mitigation measures accordingly. The public participation involved the following activities: (1) Publicizing hotlines for public consultancy: environmental management consultant institution 0311-85827689; Environmental Protection Department of Zhanghewan Co. 0311 －82362252; (2) Handing out questionnaires in light of the construction progress to understand public opinions and suggestion at different stages.
6.2 Content of the public participation
Public participation is an effective measure which helps the institutes of environmental management get acquainted with the environmental management of the project, and is the best measure to connect project management unit, construction unit with local public information. The main form of the public participation in this phase is on-scene interview and sending out tables for opinion collection. It invovled mainly question as follow: (1)How do you think local environmental quality? (2)How do you think that on which environmental factors this project have more impcat in the phase of early service life,including water, air, sound, ecological aspects? (3)How do you think the measure for water and soil conservation and ecological restoration?
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(4)Do you think that this project would had impact on your life? (5) Do you think that this project would had impact on locall ecolomic development? The scope of the survey was persons who have direct relation with ZPS (such as workers in building unit, workers in construction unit and residents in environmental impact region etc). The survey especially did a return visit to persons who joined the survey of last quarter.The summary of public opinion is as follow: (1) It is think generally that the local environment,quality,including atmosphere, water,is satisfactory,and recover to the level before construction.In the earlyservice phase,there is not noise problem.the main concern is soil and water conservation of the project district, as well as ecological restoration measures of. temporary construction sites. (2) Most public think that the consruction of power plant has more impact on local ecological environment in the early service phase. (3) Most public think that water and soil conservation measures have better effective;on the other hand, part of the public doubt if the measure for water and soil conservation and ecological restoration have effetive , considering that on the temporary covering the initial recovery process. (4) Part of public think that, in the early service phasethe, the project may be increase the employment, and raise the local employment rate residents;while that have no impact on the lives of individuals. (5) the public generally that the plant's operation will play a catalytic role in the regional economy development. 7. Main environmental and ecological problems of present stage (1) During this period of inspection on the environmental protection site, a small quantity of construction garbage were found in some construction places which affected people’s sights, and they should be cleaned timely.
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(2) The managing work for abandoned residue place should be strengthened, the soil erosion management of abandoned residue place should be perfected by adopting the effective managing measures and making use of the favorable natural environmental conditions of the season. (3) As completement of the main project,Zhanghewan company should strengthen the management of construction yard and encampment of construction unit ， clean few residual construction garbage and domestic garbage ，and restore surface plant cover. 8. Conclusisons of environment management and ecological impact assessment from Sep.2010 to
Sep.2011
8.1 Conclusisons of environment management from Sep.2010
to Sep.2011
(1) Zhanghewan company established organization and manage program for environmental management in constructive period,which were effective. (2) Environmental monitoring indicates that project construction has no significant impact on environmental factors. Aqueous environment,Ambient environment and sound environment had been little changed after constructive period ， and environmental pollution from individual places was short term and restorable ， which was at acceptable range. (3) The main impact on ecological landscape which the project construction had was cutting landscape connectivity by crushing and road construction.For that, Zhanghewan company made use of local environment condition effectively,carried out measure of ecological restoration and soil loss control,which made obvious achievement. (4) The various controlling environmental pollution facilities constructed with main project run normally ，whose disposal effective could meet the requirement of environment assessment and design.
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(5) The result of public participation indicated that most surveyed people could accept the impact which the project has on their life ，and satisfy the environmental management. And Zhanghewan company and contractor made response to the individual problems suggested by few people timely ， planned and carried out catabatic measures .
8.2 Main conclusion
(1) Monitoring on environmental elements regulated in prospectus has been accomplished. 1Atmosphere environment
The daily and hourly average concentration of TSP 、SO 2、NO 2、CO and HC from three monitoring positions met the requisition of the secondary standard of 《Ambient Air Quality Standard 》（ GB3095-1996 ）(Concentration of HC followedthe National Standard of Atmosphere Quality of the United States). 1Water environment The monitoring results from various sections of Zhanghewan reservoir indicated that concentrations of pollutants met the secondary standard in Table 1and Table 2 of 《Environmental Quality Standard of Surface Water 》（ GB3838-2002 ）except
NH 3-N, Total P and Total N. 1Sewage disposal station The monitoring results indicated that with the sewage disposal,water quality of domestic wastewater from project office met the primary standard in Table 4 of 《Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard 》（ GB8978-1996 ）. 1Noise environment The monitoring results from various monitoring positions showed that the day-night noise had little effect on the life of residents. (2) The survey on mass health showed that the personnel are all healthy, there is no diseases prevalent in the project’s construction area, so the measures adopted for protecting mass healthy were effective. The monitoring of drinking water quality indicated that all the results were in accordence with Sanitary Standard for
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Domestic Drinking Water （GB5749 －2006 ）. (3) While afforesting and beautifying, managing soil erosion of both sides of roads, it should strengthen fostering and management for the green vegetation. (4) Little construction garbage and domestic garbage which were remained in some construction places and workers’ dwelling should be timely cleaned and disposed.
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