Archaeology & History Tours 2021

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Archaeology & History Tours 2021 Archaeology & History Tours 2021 Fascinating journeys into history, prehistory and the ancient world Welcome... The year 2020 put everyone’s travel plans on hold, so I open this welcome message Wonderful Holidays, with a most heartfelt “thank you” to all of our customers for the loyalty and trust you have given us, from rescheduling your booking to simply sending kind and thoughtful Historic Wonders messages. And a huge thank you also to our brilliant expert tour directors, whose online ‘Armchair Archaeology Tours’ have kept us all engaged in the fascinating world of archaeological Created and led by archaeologists, travel without any of us leaving home. historians and expert guides History is hidden everywhere, underlying the character and identity of places and peoples, and forming the story of humankind, with a universal relevance for us all. This is why archaeological travel is so fascinating and why, at Hidden History, we remain dedicated to providing superb tours exploring the world’s ancient and historic sites. Throughout history, the nature of travel has continually changed, and now more acutely than ever we must all adapt to an evolving future of responsible, safe, worthwhile travel. The past is a foreign country: At Hidden History we are constantly creating new tours and new ways of enjoying them, whilst ensuring we maintain the excellent quality, value for money and personal service they do things differently there we have become known for. The immortal first line to L. P. Hartley’s ‘The Go-Between’ (1953) I hope you will enjoy looking through our 2021 brochure, whether you are itching to get wistfully condenses the nature of history, travel and the away soon or just thinking about the future. Whenever you are ready, I look forward to welcoming you to an enriching travel experience, a journey through time as well as place. accord between the two. Dr Simon Butler, Director of Hidden History Travel Welcome image: Carcassonne p.10 Cover Image: Midwinter in The Mendips, Avebury & Bath p.40 Contents 2021 Tour Dates Your Friendly Specialists ............................... 6 Pompeii & Campania .................................... 24 JANUARY JUNE SEPTEMBER What to Expect .................................................. 8 Sicilian Civilisations ...................................... 26 Midwinter in Hellfire Corner Andorra & the Mendips 8 days; 2 - 9 June Occitania Andorra & Occitania ..................................... 10 Malta’s Millennia ............................................ 28 5 days; 11 - 15 January 9 days; 6 - 14 September Romney Marsh: The Makings of Asturias ............................... 12 Éire’s Land of Heart’s Desire ....................... 30 APRIL Fifth Continent Minoan Crete & Santorini 5 days; 21 - 25 June 9 days; 9 - 17 September Bulgaria: Old Europe ..................................... 14 Romney Marsh: Fifth Continent ................. 32 Aphrodite’s Cyprus: North & South Andorra & Hillforts of the Ridgeway 8 days; 7 - 14 April Essence of Greece ........................................... 16 East Anglia: Origins of England ................. 34 Occitania 4 days; 15 - 18 September 9 days; 21 - 29 June Glories of Greece ............................................ 18 Hillforts of the Ridgeway ............................. 36 Pompeii & Campania Bulgaria: Old Europe 8 days; 9 - 16 April Eire’s Land of 12 days; 18 - 29 September Minoan Crete & Santorini ............................ 20 Hellfire Corner ................................................ 38 Heart’s Desire Sicilian Civilisations 8 days; 24 Jun - 1 July Pompeii & Campania Aphrodite’s Cyprus: North & South ........... 22 Midwinter in the Mendips ........................... 40 12 days; 19 - 30 April 8 days; 18 - 25 September How to Book .................................................... 42 JULY Malta’s Millennia Glories of 8 days; 22 - 29 April Eire’s Land of Greece Heart’s Desire 12 days; 20 September - MAY 8 days; 1 - 8 July 1 October Minoan Crete & Santorini East Anglia: 9 days; 6 - 14 May Malta’s Millennia United Origins of England 8 days; 23 - 30 September p.30 6 days; 18 - 23 July Kingdom Bulgaria: Old Europe 6 days; 25 - 30 July Ireland p.34 12 days; 8 - 19 May Makings of Asturias p.36 8 days; 24 September - p.40 Romney Marsh: Netherlands Poland Hillforts of the Ridgeway 1 October p.32 p.38 Fifth Continent 4 days; 12 - 15 May Germany 5 days; 26 - 30 July Belgium OCTOBER Czech Essence of Greece Sicilian Civilisations Republic 8 days; 17 - 24 May AUGUST Slovakia 12 days; 5 - 16 October Moldova Romney Marsh: Austria Makings of Asturias Fifth Continent Hungary Aphrodite’s Cyprus: Romania 8 days; 21 - 28 May 5 days; 23-27 August France North & South Croatia 8 days; 6 - 13 October p.14 p.12 Serbia DECEMBER p.10 Bulgaria Italy Midwinter in Andorra Turkey the Mendips p.24 Portugal 5 days; 6 - 10 December Spain Greece p.16 p.18 p.22 p.26 p.20 Cyprus p.28 Malta Crete 4 Please visit www.hiddenhistory.co.uk for booking details, travel and accommodation information, and much more! 5 Your Friendly Specialists We have a passion for archaeology, history and travel, and we want to share it with you. As a specialist tour operator, we focus on content and quality, achieved by thorough research and a personal, flexible service. Hidden History Travel first appeared in 1998 when its founder, Dr Simon Butler (pictured below), began leading tours to places of archaeological interest in Britain. Dr Simon Butler Martin Adams Simon’s career began in field Martin is a core archaeology and academic member of the Emeritus Professor Dr Sandy MacGillivray Dr Christopher Cole research, and he holds a team, helping in Gary Lock Sandy is a field archaeologist Chris holds a Masters degree PhD in archaeology from the all aspects of the who currently lives in Greece from Cambridge University and University of Sheffield. His business. Gary is Emeritus Professor of and specialises in Greek a PhD from York. interests in heritage tourism Archaeology at the University of He is very much archaeology, especially the developed from his travels as Oxford, and an acknowledged He runs a field excavation in tune with Minoans. an archaeologist and guide, authority on Iron Age hillforts. service and a field school in Hidden History’s and he has gained a wealth His excavations and published England, as well as leading ethos, and brings He has directed projects and of experience in many destinations. Hidden History Travel research have included tours in the Mediterranean and a wealth of relevant experience from over a led tours in many parts of has correspondingly grown into a network of longstanding Knossos in Crete, Delos in the in his home county of Kent. decade working for a number of specialist tour Europe, and co-directed the colleagues in travel, archaeology and history, who are now Cycladic Islands, and Sparta in operators in both the UK and the USA. recent ‘Atlas of Hillforts of Your tour leader for: all contributing to our unique brand of enriching travel Britain and Ireland’ project. the Peloponnese. He has led experiences. As its director, Simon still loves to lead as many He has a languages degree from the University many tours in Greece. Pompeii & Campania Your tour leader for: tours as his business commitments allow. of Exeter, has travelled widely and loves the Your tour leader for: Romney Marsh: The Fifth sense of discovery it brings. The Makings of Asturias Your tour leader for: Aphrodite’s Cyprus, Malta’s Millennia Continent Glories of Greece Living with the White Horse: Hellfire Corner: England’s Hillforts of the Ridgeway Essence of Greece Front Line Meet some of our tour directors Minoan Crete & Santorini Dr Martin Locker Michael Sibly Dr Nikola Dr Eireann Marshall Tony O’Connor FSA Mark Corney Adrian O’Neill Martin holds a PhD Mike graduated in Theodossiev Eireann is an Associate Tony studied Ancient History Mark was a Senior Landscape Adrian is a passionate and from University College history from Cambridge Dr Nicola Theodossiev is a Researcher and Lecturer and Archaeology at the Investigator for the Royal energetic historian and guide London and specialises University and became senior assistant professor with the Open University. University of Manchester. His Commission on the Historic who studied Archaeology and in medieval archaeology. Deputy Registrar at subsequent career in field Monuments of England for 20 Classical Studies at the National in the Department of She has published widely He has worked on Oxford University, where excavation and museum years. University of Ireland, Galway Archaeology at Sofia on ancient civilisations archaeological projects he is now an Emeritus management has earned him (NUIG). University in Bulgaria. and led numerous tours He has also lectured at the throughout Europe, and Fellow of St Anne’s Fellowship of the Society of He has directed a number to Italy and North Africa. University of Bristol, been a He has a strong interest not currently lives in Andorra College. He specialises Antiquaries of London. He of excavations in Bulgaria, regular contributor to television only in classical civilisation but where his research in medieval history, She was awarded ‘Top is particularly interested in written numerous documentaries, and has led also in Irish history and folklore, focuses on the cultural especially the Crusades, History & Culture Guide’ in the Roman Empire, and has publications on ancient numerous archaeology tours. especially around his home history of the Pyrenees and he has walked the Wanderlust’s 2019 World wide experience of leading Thrace, and led many town of Sligo. pilgrim route to Santiago Guide Awards. archaeology tours. Your tour leader for: Your tour leader for: tours through his country. de Compostela. Your tour leader for: Your tour leader for: Your tour leader for: Midwinter in The Mendips, Andorra & Occitania Your tour leader for: Avebury & Bath Éire’s Land of Heart’s Desire Your tour leader for: Sicilian Civilisations Sicilian Civilisations East Anglia: Origins of Bulgaria: Old Europe The Makings of Asturias England Éire’s Land of Heart’s Desire 6 7 Our Groups & Guides What to Expect We have always kept our group sizes small, generally What our clients say between 8 and 18 people.
Recommended publications
  • Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources Open File Report
    l 122 EARTHQUAKES AND SEISMOLOGY - LEGAL ASPECTS OPEN FILE REPORT 92-2 EARTHQUAKES AND Ludwin, R. S.; Malone, S. D.; Crosson, R. EARTHQUAKES AND SEISMOLOGY - LEGAL S.; Qamar, A. I., 1991, Washington SEISMOLOGY - 1946 EVENT ASPECTS eanhquak:es, 1985. Clague, J. J., 1989, Research on eanh- Ludwin, R. S.; Qamar, A. I., 1991, Reeval­ Perkins, J. B.; Moy, Kenneth, 1989, Llabil­ quak:e-induced ground failures in south­ uation of the 19th century Washington ity of local government for earthquake western British Columbia [abstract). and Oregon eanhquake catalog using hazards and losses-A guide to the law Evans, S. G., 1989, The 1946 Mount Colo­ original accounts-The moderate sized and its impacts in the States of Califor­ nel Foster rock avalanches and auoci­ earthquake of May l, 1882 [abstract). nia, Alaska, Utah, and Washington; ated displacement wave, Vancouver Is­ Final repon. Maley, Richard, 1986, Strong motion accel­ land, British Columbia. erograph stations in Oregon and Wash­ Hasegawa, H. S.; Rogers, G. C., 1978, EARTHQUAKES AND ington (April 1986). Appendix C Quantification of the magnitude 7.3, SEISMOLOGY - NETWORKS Malone, S. D., 1991, The HAWK seismic British Columbia earthquake of June 23, AND CATALOGS data acquisition and analysis system 1946. [abstract). Berg, J. W., Jr.; Baker, C. D., 1963, Oregon Hodgson, E. A., 1946, British Columbia eanhquak:es, 1841 through 1958 [ab­ Milne, W. G., 1953, Seismological investi­ earthquake, June 23, 1946. gations in British Columbia (abstract). stract). Hodgson, J. H.; Milne, W. G., 1951, Direc­ Chan, W.W., 1988, Network and array anal­ Munro, P. S.; Halliday, R. J.; Shannon, W.
    [Show full text]
  • Minoan Religion
    MINOAN RELIGION Ritual, Image, and Symbol NANNO MARINATOS MINOAN RELIGION STUDIES IN COMPARATIVE RELIGION Frederick M. Denny, Editor The Holy Book in Comparative Perspective Arjuna in the Mahabharata: Edited by Frederick M. Denny and Where Krishna Is, There Is Victory Rodney L. Taylor By Ruth Cecily Katz Dr. Strangegod: Ethics, Wealth, and Salvation: On the Symbolic Meaning of Nuclear Weapons A Study in Buddhist Social Ethics By Ira Chernus Edited by Russell F. Sizemore and Donald K. Swearer Native American Religious Action: A Performance Approach to Religion By Ritual Criticism: Sam Gill Case Studies in Its Practice, Essays on Its Theory By Ronald L. Grimes The Confucian Way of Contemplation: Okada Takehiko and the Tradition of The Dragons of Tiananmen: Quiet-Sitting Beijing as a Sacred City By By Rodney L. Taylor Jeffrey F. Meyer Human Rights and the Conflict of Cultures: The Other Sides of Paradise: Western and Islamic Perspectives Explorations into the Religious Meanings on Religious Liberty of Domestic Space in Islam By David Little, John Kelsay, By Juan Eduardo Campo and Abdulaziz A. Sachedina Sacred Masks: Deceptions and Revelations By Henry Pernet The Munshidin of Egypt: Their World and Their Song The Third Disestablishment: By Earle H. Waugh Regional Difference in Religion and Personal Autonomy 77u' Buddhist Revival in Sri Lanka: By Phillip E. Hammond Religious Tradition, Reinterpretation and Response Minoan Religion: Ritual, Image, and Symbol By By George D. Bond Nanno Marinatos A History of the Jews of Arabia: From Ancient Times to Their Eclipse Under Islam By Gordon Darnell Newby MINOAN RELIGION Ritual, Image, and Symbol NANNO MARINATOS University of South Carolina Press Copyright © 1993 University of South Carolina Published in Columbia, South Carolina, by the University of South Carolina Press Manufactured in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Marinatos, Nanno.
    [Show full text]
  • A Fresh Look at Ttagar Qim and Mnajdra Temples
    A fresh look at ttagar Qim and Mnajdra temples Katya Stroud Our megalithic temples relate many stories. The they appear to have collected from the ground, stories that intrigue us most are those that tell us a clear indication of the curiosity that the large about their beginnings, their construction, use stone blocks attracted at the time. and development in prehistory. However, they The large stones triggered the imagination do provide evidence for a different story, that of visitors to the site leading to various which starts with their discovery by modem theories being proposed in their regard. Abela society. During this part of their lifespan these was the first to document the belief, in the 17t11 monuments are not only studied and analysed century, that the megalithic temples were built by scholars trying to identify their origins, by giants: "Habbiamo d' avvantaggio alcuni but are also restored and reconstructed, thus vestige d'opere de'Giganti [ ... ] nel luogo undergoing physical changes which are not chiamato in Arabic a Hagiar el Kim". 2 always immediately evident. Numerous restoration and conservation interventions have taken place at both Magar Qim and Mnajdra. Records of only a few of these interventions have been kept, and in some cases even this documentation is missing from our archives. It is in fact the actual visual examination of the remains, as well as the examination of photographic and pictorial evidence, that allows for their identification. This factor often makes it difficult to attribute a date to these interventions and to identify the methods and materials that were used.
    [Show full text]
  • Celts and the Castro Culture in the Iberian Peninsula – Issues of National Identity and Proto-Celtic Substratum
    Brathair 18 (1), 2018 ISSN 1519-9053 Celts and the Castro Culture in the Iberian Peninsula – issues of national identity and Proto-Celtic substratum Silvana Trombetta1 Laboratory of Provincial Roman Archeology (MAE/USP) [email protected] Received: 03/29/2018 Approved: 04/30/2018 Abstract : The object of this article is to discuss the presence of the Castro Culture and of Celtic people on the Iberian Peninsula. Currently there are two sides to this debate. On one hand, some consider the “Castro” people as one of the Celtic groups that inhabited this part of Europe, and see their peculiarity as a historically designed trait due to issues of national identity. On the other hand, there are archeologists who – despite not ignoring entirely the usage of the Castro culture for the affirmation of national identity during the nineteenth century (particularly in Portugal) – saw distinctive characteristics in the Northwest of Portugal and Spain which go beyond the use of the past for political reasons. We will examine these questions aiming to decide if there is a common Proto-Celtic substrate, and possible singularities in the Castro Culture. Keywords : Celts, Castro Culture, national identity, Proto-Celtic substrate http://ppg.revistas.uema.br/index.php/brathair 39 Brathair 18 (1), 2018 ISSN 1519-9053 There is marked controversy in the use of the term Celt and the matter of the presence of these people in Europe, especially in Spain. This controversy involves nationalism, debates on the possible existence of invading hordes (populations that would bring with them elements of the Urnfield, Hallstatt, and La Tène cultures), and the possible presence of a Proto-Celtic cultural substrate common to several areas of the Old Continent.
    [Show full text]
  • Concrete Prehistories: the Making of Megalithic Modernism 1901-1939
    Concrete Prehistories: The Making of Megalithic Modernism Abstract After water, concrete is the most consumed substance on earth. Every year enough cement is produced to manufacture around six billion cubic metres of concrete1. This paper investigates how concrete has been built into the construction of modern prehistories. We present an archaeology of concrete in the prehistoric landscapes of Stonehenge and Avebury, where concrete is a major component of megalithic sites restored between 1901 and 1964. We explore how concreting changed between 1901 and the Second World War, and the implications of this for constructions of prehistory. We discuss the role of concrete in debates surrounding restoration, analyze the semiotics of concrete equivalents for the megaliths, and investigate the significance of concreting to interpretations of prehistoric building. A technology that mixes ancient and modern, concrete helped build the modern archaeological imagination. Concrete is the substance of the modern –”Talking about concrete means talking about modernity” (Forty 2012:14). It is the material most closely associated with the origins and development of modern architecture, but in the modern era, concrete has also been widely deployed in the preservation and display of heritage. In fact its ubiquity means that concrete can justifiably claim to be the single most dominant substance of heritage conservation practice between 1900 and 1945. This paper investigates how concrete has been built into the construction of modern pasts, and in particular, modern prehistories. As the pre-eminent marker of modernity, concrete was used to separate ancient from modern, but efforts to preserve and display prehistoric megaliths saw concrete and megaliths become entangled.
    [Show full text]
  • Web-Brochure
    Luoghi Places SIRACUSA da scoprire RAGUSA Luoghi Places Sommario Introduzione Pag. 2 Luoghi di interesse Museo Archeologico Regionale di Kamarina Pag. 3 Castello di Donnafugata Pag. 4 Grotta delle Trabacche Pag. 5 Area archeologica Caucana Pag. 6 Riserva naturale di Randello Pag. 7 Scoglitti Pag. 8 Chiaramonte Gulfi Pag. 9 Luoghi del Barocco Siciliano Ragusa Ibla Pag. 10 Comiso Pag. 11 Modica Pag. 12 Scicli Pag. 13 Noto Pag. 14 Siracusa Pag. 15 Sicilia da Scoprire Bottega del Carretto Siciliano Pag. 16 Museo dell'olio di Chiaramonte Gulfi Pag. 17 Arte del Ricamo e dello Sfilato Siciliano Pag. 18 Casa delle Farfalle - Modica Pag. 19 Casa Museo Liberty - Chiaramonte Gulfi Pag. 20 Luoghi Places Introduzione SIRACUSA RAGUSA Provincia di Ragusa Comiso Vittoria RAGUSA Ibla Scoglitti Modica Punta Secca Scicli Ispica Marina di Ragusa Donnalucata Sampieri La Sicilia e il ragusano. Terre indimenticabili. La Sicilia è patria di miti, leggende e tradizioni che aondano le loro radici nell’antichità. Normanni, Greci, Romani, Arabi e Spagnoli hanno lasciato una traccia indelebile nella storia dell’isola. Il Barocco siciliano è nato e ha trovato la sua massima espressione nella provincia di Ragusa e nella Val di Noto, elette per questo Patrimonio Mondiale dell’UNESCO. Cinema e televisione hanno sfruttato le particolarità architettoniche di città come Modica, Scicli e Ispica, assicurando loro una fama internazionale. In più le spiagge incantevoli di Marina di Ragusa, Scoglitti, Sampieri e le riserve protette rendono quest’area una meta di forte interesse paesaggistico. Il ragusano è un territorio spettacolare, che si scopre passeggiando tra gli ulivi circoscritti da muretti in pietra e abbandonandosi alla vista dell’orizzonte ondulato dei pascoli.
    [Show full text]
  • The Origins of Avebury 2 1,* 2 2 Q13 Q2mark Gillings , Joshua Pollard & Kris Strutt 4 5 6 the Avebury Henge Is One of the Famous Mega
    1 The origins of Avebury 2 1,* 2 2 Q13 Q2Mark Gillings , Joshua Pollard & Kris Strutt 4 5 6 The Avebury henge is one of the famous mega- 7 lithic monuments of the European Neolithic, Research 8 yet much remains unknown about the detail 9 and chronology of its construction. Here, the 10 results of a new geophysical survey and 11 re-examination of earlier excavation records 12 illuminate the earliest beginnings of the 13 monument. The authors suggest that Ave- ’ 14 bury s Southern Inner Circle was constructed 15 to memorialise and monumentalise the site ‘ ’ 16 of a much earlier foundational house. The fi 17 signi cance here resides in the way that traces 18 of dwelling may take on special social and his- 19 torical value, leading to their marking and 20 commemoration through major acts of monu- 21 ment building. 22 23 Keywords: Britain, Avebury, Neolithic, megalithic, memory 24 25 26 Introduction 27 28 Alongside Stonehenge, the passage graves of the Boyne Valley and the Carnac alignments, the 29 Avebury henge is one of the pre-eminent megalithic monuments of the European Neolithic. ’ 30 Its 420m-diameter earthwork encloses the world s largest stone circle. This in turn encloses — — 31 two smaller yet still vast megalithic circles each approximately 100m in diameter and 32 complex internal stone settings (Figure 1). Avenues of paired standing stones lead from 33 two of its four entrances, together extending for approximately 3.5km and linking with 34 other monumental constructions. Avebury sits within the centre of a landscape rich in 35 later Neolithic monuments, including Silbury Hill and the West Kennet palisade enclosures 36 (Smith 1965; Pollard & Reynolds 2002; Gillings & Pollard 2004).
    [Show full text]
  • Athens (-34% Vs
    COVID-19 Impact on EUROCONTROL Airports EUROCONTROL Airport Briefings 9 July 2021 Total flights lost since 1 March 2020: 165,580 flights Current flight status: 641 daily flights or -23% vs 2019 (7-day average)1 Current ranking: 8th Busiest airline: Aegean Airlines:253 average daily flights1 (-29% vs. 2019) Busiest destination country: Greece with 151 average daily flights1 (-16% vs. 2019) Busiest destination airport: Santorini with 17 average daily flights1 Athens (-34% vs. 2019) Similar levels for international traffic (-27% vs 2019) and internal traffic (-17% vs 2019) with traditional scheduled airlines 2020/21 Traffic Evolution Athens Traffic variation (7-day average number of flights) 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 25 Jul25 04 Jul 11 Jul 18 Jul 03 Jan 10 Jan 17 Jan 24 Jan 31 Jan 06 Jun 13 Jun 20 Jun 27 Jun 24 Oct 24 03 Oct 10 Oct 17 Oct 31 Oct 04 Apr 11 Apr 18 Apr 25 Apr 21 Feb21 07 Feb 14 Feb 28 Feb 05 Sep 12 Sep 19 Sep 26 Sep 26 Dec26 05 Dec 12 Dec 19 Dec 01 Aug 08 Aug 15 Aug 22 Aug 29 Aug 07 Nov 14 Nov 21 Nov 28 Nov 07 Mar 14 Mar 21 Mar 28 Mar 02 May 09 May 16 May 23 May 30 May 2021 2020 2019 7-day average 7-day average 7-day average Athens Change in number of flights from the same day of the previous week Increase Decrease 7-day flight average +109 660 640 +87 +79 620 +65 +66 600 +54 +48 580 +36 +33 +32 +24 +25 560 +3 540 520 -1 500 Fri 25 Sat 26 Sun 27 Mon 28 Tue 29 Wed 30 Thu 01 Fri 02 Jul Sat 03 Sun 04 Mon 05 Tue 06 Wed 07 Thu 08 Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul COVID-19 Impact on EUROCONTROL Airports EUROCONTROL Airport Briefings 9 July 2021 Traffic Composition Rank Flights (arr+dep) Actual vs prev.
    [Show full text]
  • Silbury Hill – А Case Study with LANDSCAPE ARCHAEOLOGY: SILBURY HILL – a CASE STUDY LIONEL LIONEL SIMS LIONEL SIMS
    VI. LANDSCAPE ARCHAEOLOGY AND ARCHAEOASTRONOMY INTEGRATING ARCHAEOASTRONOMY Integrating Archaeology: with Landscape ArchaeoastronomySilbury Hill – а Case Study WITH LANDSCAPE ARCHAEOLOGY: SILBURY HILL – A CASE STUDY LIONEL LIONEL SIMS LIONEL SIMS Abstract Weaknesses in both archaeoastronomy and landscape archaeology can be overcome by their combination. This is demonstrat- ed through a new interpretation of Silbury Hill in Avebury, Wiltshire. If monuments in their local landscape are considered as one choice in a system of alternatives, tests can be devised to intepret the prehistoric builders‘ intentions. This exercise finds that the builders chose a prescriptive arrangement of views of Silbury Hill to simulate a facsimile of the moon entering and returning from the underworld. Key words: dark moon, crescent moon, paired alignments, Silbury Hill, West Kennet Avenue, Beckhampton Avenue, Ave- bury, underworld. Introduction with a level circular summit platform.To date, no con- vincing explanation as to its meaning has been offered. Archaeoastronomy has to move on from the legacy of Archaeologists have long expected that excavating the the Thom paradigm if it is to prove its relevance to sci- interior of the hill would reveal burials or deposited ar- ence (Sims 2006). Over the last three decades the dis- tefacts that would provide the clues to its decoding. In cipline has established robust field methods procedures spite of the many tunnels that have been dug, so much and, in so doing, falsified Thom‘s claim for a prehis- so that the Hill has now to be rescued from imminent toric precision astronomy (Thom 1971; Ruggles 1999; collapse, no burials have been found nor interpretive Hoskin 2001, Belmonte 2006; Schaefer 1993; North breakthroughs made.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Settlement Patterns in Roman Galicia
    Settlement Patterns in Roman Galicia: Late Iron Age – Second Century AD Jonathan Wynne Rees Thesis submitted in requirement of fulfilments for the degree of Ph.D. in Archaeology, at the Institute of Archaeology, University College London University of London 2012 1 I, Jonathan Wynne Rees confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. 2 Abstract This thesis examines the changes which occurred in the cultural landscapes of northwest Iberia, between the end of the Iron Age and the consolidation of the region by both the native elite and imperial authorities during the early Roman empire. As a means to analyse the impact of Roman power on the native peoples of northwest Iberia five study areas in northern Portugal were chosen, which stretch from the mountainous region of Trás-os-Montes near the modern-day Spanish border, moving west to the Tâmega Valley and the Atlantic coastal area. The divergent physical environments, different social practices and political affinities which these diverse regions offer, coupled with differing levels of contact with the Roman world, form the basis for a comparative examination of the area. In seeking to analyse the transformations which took place between the Late pre-Roman Iron Age and the early Roman period historical, archaeological and anthropological approaches from within Iberian academia and beyond were analysed. From these debates, three key questions were formulated, focusing on
    [Show full text]
  • Jak Přežít Antropologie Bydlení Pohled Do Minulosti Počátky Lovci
    001_052_Strecha 15.8.2006 7:45 Stránka 7 Obsah Předmluva 11 KAPITOLA PRVNÍ Jak přežít Antropologie bydlení 13 Člověk a podnebí 13 Stavební materiál a jeho zpracování 15 Tady zůstaneme. Volba tábořiště 24 Diktát ekonomie 26 Sociální vztahy, nadpřirozený svět 30 KAPITOLA DRUHÁ Pohled do minulosti Počátky 33 Kořeny architektury 33 Nejstarší evropské nálezy 39 Fenomén ohně 47 Stavěli si neandertálci obydlí? 48 Lovci mladého paleolitu 53 Dolní Věstonice, naleziště unikátních objevů a inovací v gravettienu 54 Vigne Brun 59 Rusko a Ukrajina 64 Překvapivé nálezy z Jižní Ameriky 88 Antropologický pohled 90 Magdalénští lovci sobů 97 Poslední lovci, první zemědělci 105 Mezolit 105 Západní Sibiř 105 Lepenski Vir 107 7 001_052_Strecha 15.8.2006 7:45 Stránka 8 Mt. Sandel 110 Příchod neolitu a Sahara 113 Kamenná architektura Sahary 115 Blízký východ 124 Antropologický pohled 131 Nejstarší neolit 134 Mladý mezolit a počátky neolitu v severní Evropě 136 Obydlí konce doby kamenné 141 Dlouhé domy starého neolitu střední Evropy 141 Antropologický pohled 151 Neolitické domy z jihozápadní Francie 156 Staroneolitické sídliště Darian 159 Domy tripolské kultury 160 Iluze „nákolních“ staveb 165 Středoevropský latén a konec pravěku 171 Kultovní a monumentální architektura 177 Rondely 177 Megality 181 Dolmeny 184 Barnenez 191 Newgrange 198 Gavrinis 205 Saharské a kavkazské dolomeny 210 Menhiry 214 Carnac 217 Černovaja 218 Stonehenge 221 Středomoří 226 Odkaz pravěku 243 KAPITOLA TŘETÍ Mizející svět Poslední lovci-sběrači 245 Dobytí severu 245 Paleoeskymáci 245 Fjord
    [Show full text]
  • Tourism Potential of Castreja Culture from the North-Western Iberian Peninsula
    Turystyka Kulturowa, www.turystykakulturowa.org Nr 1/2019 (styczeń-luty 2019) Fátima Matos da Silva, [email protected] Department of Tourism, Heritage and Culture Universidade Portucalense Infante D. Henrique. Porto, Portugal Researcher at REMIT – Research on Economics, Management and Information Technologies, Portucalense University, Porto and at CITCEM - Centre for Transdisciplinary Research Culture, Space and Memory, Research Centre (uID 04059), Oporto University, Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto-FLUP Tourism potential of castreja culture from the north-western Iberian Peninsula Key words: Archaeological tourism, Castreja Culture, hillforts, saunas with Pedra Formosa, Proto-History Abstract In this paper we clarify some considerations about the enhancement of archaeological heritage of the hillforts or castros from the castreja culture of the Iron Age, located in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula (north of Portugal and Galicia). Some ideas and reflexions, regarding the aspects considered relevant at the time of elaborating enhancement projects for this kind of heritage are included, with the aim of improving its sustainability and capacity of being of interest for both the general public and for cultural or archaeological tourism. In this sense, we sumarise the results obtained in the rehabilitation projects for some of the hillforts that are located in the north of Portugal, including some bath-saunas with ovens. The Pedra Formosa (beautiful stone) structures of these hillforts are also briefly mentioned. Finally, we present some possible archaeological tourism routes. Introduction Archaeological ruins should be seen as part of our past which, though poorly maintained, has information to give us, a message to convey. The preservation and in situ exhibition of archaeological remains is one of the greatest problems of archaeologists and of all those who wish to preserve the memory and the protection of heritage, as we are dealing with structures in an advanced state of deterioration [Cronyn, 1990].
    [Show full text]