Google's Single Repository

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Google’s Single Repository Zachary Crews, Inhan Park, Ayush Ganotra, Gabbie Velazquez-Pergola What a Single Repository is: - Also known as Monorepo - A means of storing assets and maintaining a codebase. - All projects created would depend and be built on top of a single codebase. - Unified Versioning - Features include: useful, enormous libraries, tons of code for reuse, and custom versioning and control. - - How does it work : - Piper / Citc source system - Allow to access from any machine - Work on local copied file - Keep receive updates from server - Update to server after receive review - Trunk based development - Prevent long-lived branch - Make changes visible immediately Why Google chose this way (background) : - Unified Version of Code - Extensive Code Sharing and Reuse - Collaboration Across Teams - Flexible Team Boundaries - Code Visibility Costs and Tradeoﬀs - Tooling needs to be very scalable - Cost of systems and developer tools - Increased dependencies - Less APIs - Less documentation Alternatives: Mercurial - Google is currently investigating using Mercurial, a version control system - Facebook monorepo with Mercurial - hgwatchman file monitor extension - File status - remotefilelog extension - File history and updates - Only download commit metadata - On demand file download Discussion Questions - As a developer, would you prefer working with a monorepo or multiple repos? - Can a monorepo be continued if more codes are added? - Can a Single repo be changed into a multi repo? Sources https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2854146 https://cacm.acm.org/magazines/2016/7/204032-why-google-stores-billions-of-line s-of-code-in-a-single-repository/fulltext#:~:text=A%20single%20repository%20prov ides%20unified,can%20depend%20on%20it%20directly https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W71BTkUbdqE https://medium.com/@maoberlehner/monorepos-in-the-wild-33c6eb246cb9 https://engineering.fb.com/core-data/scaling-mercurial-at-facebook/.

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Pragmatic Version Control Using Subversion
What readers are saying about Pragmatic Version Control using Subversion I expected a lot, but you surprised me with even more. Hav- ing used CVS for years I hesitated to try Subversion until now, although I knew it would solve many of the shortcom- ings of CVS. After reading your book, my excuses to stay with CVS disappeared. Oh, and coming from the Pragmatic Bookshelf this book is fun to read too. Thanks Mike. Steffen Gemkow Managing Director, ObjectFab GmbH I’m a long-time user of CVS and I’ve been skeptical of Sub- version, wondering if it would ever be “ready for prime time.” Until now. Thanks to Mike Mason for writing a clear, con- cise, gentle introduction to this new tool. After reading this book, I’m actually excited about the possibilities for version control that Subversion brings to the table. David Rupp Senior Software Engineer, Great-West Life & Annuity This was exactly the Subversion book I was waiting for. As a long-time Perforce and CVS user and administrator, and in my role as an agile tools coach, I wanted a compact book that told me just what I needed to know. This is it. Within a couple of hours I was up and running against remote Subversion servers, and setting up my own local servers too. Mike uses a lot of command-line examples to guide the reader, and as a Windows user I was worried at ﬁrst. My fears were unfounded though—Mike’s examples were so clear that I think I’ll stick to using the command line from now on! I thoroughly recommend this book to anyone getting started using or administering Subversion.
[Show full text]
Version Control 101 Exported from Please Visit the Link for the Latest Version and the Best Typesetting
Version Control 101 Exported from http://cepsltb4.curent.utk.edu/wiki/efficiency/vcs, please visit the link for the latest version and the best typesetting. Version Control 101 is created in the hope to minimize the regret from lost files or untracked changes. There are two things I regret. I should have learned Python instead of MATLAB, and I should have learned version control earlier. Version control is like a time machine. It allows you to go back in time and find out history files. You might have heard of GitHub and Git and probably how steep the learning curve is. Version control is not just Git. Dropbox can do version control as well, for a limited time. This tutorial will get you started with some version control concepts from Dropbox to Git for your needs. More importantly, some general rules are suggested to minimize the chance of file losses. Contents Version Control 101 .............................................................................................................................. 1 General Rules ................................................................................................................................... 2 Version Control for Files ................................................................................................................... 2 DropBox or Google Drive ............................................................................................................. 2 Version Control on Confluence ...................................................................................................
[Show full text]
I Don T Handle Protocol Git Clone Https
I Don T Handle Protocol Git Clone Https Ne'er-do-well Rollins curtails or show-card some herbarium invectively, however combinative Tremain sibilate vernacularly or exposing. Neogene and defrayable Noach skiatron some Nepal so labially! Niall still dribble centripetally while earless Urbano tack that self-praise. Ie i clone feature branch to the central master and send anything related to the book No idiot that possibility of. You git protocol to gits fault of http server certificate to! Please use git clone name to handle merges that http revision for software stack overflow for most time? Security and cloning is. The issues I authorize are declare just reset and pull. Tight coupling of git protocol improvements to handle extremely picky and cloning the difference: understanding the internet line option only get help! Called at night after the origin had a mechanism when someone to the turnover rate of something that many contributors. Each breast should highlight a living purpose you should completely implement general purpose. DVCS _is_ a similar system update a VCS due procedure the Distributed features. It clasp the exact same error. Because Git documentation tends to focus entirely on the relationship between actually working directory but your local repository. No, I start not associated with the product in mind way. There are now world metrics that scholarship be applied to vehicle how useable a particular interface is. This batter be concern if those use although other fund the windows explorer or home you get problems with the context menu displaying incorrectly. Open source developer who created because git protocol you to handle those like best practices that http proxy by cloning from the https can be handled that? Collaboration in git protocol.
[Show full text]
State of Microservices 2020 Authors Table of Patryk Mamczur Editor in Chief
THE NEW STANDARD FOR BUILDING SCALABLE SOFTWARE? State of Microservices 2020 Authors _Table of Patryk Mamczur Editor in Chief Tomasz Czechowski contents Mateusz Mól Mariusz Nowak Design of online version Design of print version Developers 01 669 microservice experts from around the world 06 Maturity 02 Great architecture for solving scalability issues 12 Programming languages 03 JavaScript and TypeScripts rule all 20 Deployment and serverless 04 Microservice developers choose AWS 26 Repositories 05 Monorepo or multirepo? 32 Experts Varia Marek Gajda Adam Polak CTO of The Software House Head of Node.js Team 06 Communication, authorisation, message brokers 38 at The Software House Yan Cui Peter Cooper Continuous integration Host of Real World The Founder of Cooperpress 07 Microservices + CI = <3 42 Serverless Podcast Ewelina Wilkosz Thomas Boltze Debugging IT Consultant at Praqma CTO of Asto Digital 08 Are logs enough for your project? 48 Sarup Banskota Luca Mezzalira Head of Growth at ZEIT VP of Architecture at DAZN Consumption of APIs 09 Is static the future? 54 Richard Rodger CEO of Voxgig Micro frontends 10 Time for the microservice revolution on frontend? 60 Future Published in 2020 Ver. 1.0 11 Microservices – the new backend architecture standard 66 How many IT experts filled in the survey? Total answers: 669 252 163 Western Europe Eastern Europe 96 49 North America South and East Asia 23 24 Central and Middle East South America 40 22 Other Australia and 4 New Zealand 5 01 _develo- 01 pers 669 microservice experts from around the world 6 7 Microservice architecture – an architectural style where your application is based on a collection of fine-grained, interconnected services – is definitely a hot thing right now.
[Show full text]
Microservices and Monorepos
Microservices and Monorepos Match made in heaven? Sven Erik Knop, Perforce Software Overview . Microservices refresher . Microservices and versioning . What are Monorepos and why use them? . These two concepts seem to contradict – why mix them together? . The magic of narrow cloning . A match made in heaven! 2 Why Microservices? . Monolithic approach: App 3 Database Microservices approach . Individual Services 4 DB DB Database Versioning Microservices . Code . Executables and Containers . Configuration . Natural choice: individual repositories for each service Git . But: • Security • Visibility • Refactoring • Single change id to rule them all? 5 Monorepo . Why would you use a monorepo? . Who is using monorepos? . How would you use a monorepo? 6 Monorepos: Why would you do this? . Single Source of Truth for all projects . Simplified security . Configuration and Refactoring across entire application . Single change id across all projects . Examples: • Google, Facebook, Twitter, Salesforce, ... 7 Single change across projects change 314156 8 Monorepos: Antipatterns User workspace User workspace 9 Monorepos – view mapping User workspace . Map one or more services . Users only access files they need . Simplified pushing of changes 10 What does this have to do with Git? . Git does not support Monorepos • Limitations on number and size of files, history, contributing users • Companies have tried and failed . Android source spread over a thousand Git repositories • Requires repo and gerrit to work with 11 How can we square this circle? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squaring_the_circle 12 Narrow cloning! . Clone individual projects/services . Clone a group of projects into a single repo 13 Working with narrowly cloned repos . Users work normally in Git . Fetch and push changes from and to monorepo .
[Show full text]
Version Control – Agile Workflow with Git/Github
Version Control – Agile Workflow with Git/GitHub 19/20 November 2019 | Guido Trensch (JSC, SimLab Neuroscience) Content Motivation Version Control Systems (VCS) Understanding Git GitHub (Agile Workflow) References Forschungszentrum Jülich, JSC:SimLab Neuroscience 2 Content Motivation Version Control Systems (VCS) Understanding Git GitHub (Agile Workflow) References Forschungszentrum Jülich, JSC:SimLab Neuroscience 3 Motivation • Version control is one aspect of configuration management (CM). The main CM processes are concerned with: • System building • Preparing software for releases and keeping track of system versions. • Change management • Keeping track of requests for changes, working out the costs and impact. • Release management • Preparing software for releases and keeping track of system versions. • Version control • Keep track of different versions of software components and allow independent development. [Ian Sommerville,“Software Engineering”] Forschungszentrum Jülich, JSC:SimLab Neuroscience 4 Motivation • Keep track of different versions of software components • Identify, store, organize and control revisions and access to it • Essential for the organization of multi-developer projects is independent development • Ensure that changes made by different developers do not interfere with each other • Provide strategies to solve conflicts CONFLICT Alice Bob Forschungszentrum Jülich, JSC:SimLab Neuroscience 5 Content Motivation Version Control Systems (VCS) Understanding Git GitHub (Agile Workflow) References Forschungszentrum Jülich,
[Show full text]
Josh Bloch Charlie Garrod
Principles of Software Construction: Objects, Design, and Concurrency Part 4: et cetera Toward SE in practice: DevOps and branch management Josh Bloch Charlie Garrod 17-214 1 Administrivia • Homework 6 available – Checkpoint deadline tonight – Due next Wednesday, April 29th 17-214 2 Key concepts from last Thursday • SE empirical methods: Test-driven development case study • Version and release management 17-214 3 Today: Software engineering in practice • Release management, introduction to DevOps • Choose your own adventure… • Monolithic repositories 17-214 4 Consider: timelines of traditional software development e.g., the Microsoft* OS development history Source: By Paulire - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=46634740 17-214 5 Modern Facebook release cycle (1000+ diffs / day) 17-214 6 Aside: Canary testing 17-214 7 Aside: Dark launches and A/B testing • Focuses on user response to frontend changes rather than performance of backend • Measure user response via metrics: engagement, adoption 17-214 8 Version management using feature flags https://martinfowler.com/articles/feature-toggles.html https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/devops/migrate/phase-features-with-feature-flags?view=azure-devops 17-214 9 Warning! Feature flags can be dangerous Knight Capital Group realized a $460 million loss in 45-minutes, going from being the largest trader in US equities to bankruptcy. https://dougseven.com/2014/04/17/knightmare-a-devops-cautionary-tale/ 17-214 10 Configuration management in the modern world Deployment
[Show full text]
Distributed Revision Control with Mercurial
Distributed revision control with Mercurial Bryan O’Sullivan Copyright c 2006, 2007 Bryan O’Sullivan. This material may be distributed only subject to the terms and conditions set forth in version 1.0 of the Open Publication License. Please refer to Appendix D for the license text. This book was prepared from rev 028543f67bea, dated 2008-08-20 15:27 -0700, using rev a58a611c320f of Mercurial. Contents Contents i Preface 2 0.1 This book is a work in progress ...................................... 2 0.2 About the examples in this book ..................................... 2 0.3 Colophon—this book is Free ....................................... 2 1 Introduction 3 1.1 About revision control .......................................... 3 1.1.1 Why use revision control? .................................... 3 1.1.2 The many names of revision control ............................... 4 1.2 A short history of revision control .................................... 4 1.3 Trends in revision control ......................................... 5 1.4 A few of the advantages of distributed revision control ......................... 5 1.4.1 Advantages for open source projects ............................... 6 1.4.2 Advantages for commercial projects ............................... 6 1.5 Why choose Mercurial? .......................................... 7 1.6 Mercurial compared with other tools ................................... 7 1.6.1 Subversion ............................................ 7 1.6.2 Git ................................................ 8 1.6.3
[Show full text]
Scaling Git with Bitbucket Data Center
Scaling Git with Bitbucket Data Center Considerations for large teams switching to Git Contents What is Git, why do I want it, and why is it hard to scale? 01 Scaling Git with Bitbucket Data Center 05 What about compliance? 11 Why choose Bitbucket Data Center? 13 01 What is Git, why do I want it, and why is it hard to scale? So. Your software team is expanding and taking on more high-value projects. That’s great news! The bad news, however, is that your centralized version control system isn’t really cutting it anymore. For growing IT organizations, Some of the key benefits Codebase safety moving to a distributed version control system is now of adopting Git are: Git is designed with maintaining the integrity considered an inevitable shift. This paper outlines some of managed source code as a top priority, using secure algorithms to preserve your code, change of the benefits of Git as a distributed version control system history, and traceability against both accidental and how Bitbucket Data Center can help your company scale and malicious change. Distributed development its Git-powered operations smoothly. Community Distributed development gives each developer a working copy of the full repository history, Git has become the expected version control making development faster by speeding up systems in many circles, and is very popular As software development increases in complexity, and the commit process and reducing developers’ among open source projects. This means its easy development teams become more globalized, centralized interdependence, as well as their dependence to take advantage of third party libraries and on a network connection.
[Show full text]
Experten-Dossier 2019
Experten-Dossier 2019 Über 80 Seiten mit praxisorientiertem Wissen für .NET-Entwickler rund um .NET Core, Azure DevOps, TypeScript, Cosmos DB, ML.NET, Git und Azure! bastacon www.basta.net Inhalt Agile & DevOps Die DevOps-Challenge 4 DevOps-Fallstricke und wie man ihnen entkommen kann von Kevin Gerndt Microservices & APIs Warum einfach? Es geht auch komplex! 10 Entwicklung von Microservices mit Microsoft .NET von Dr. Felix Nendzig Go Git! 16 Git erobert die Entwicklerwelt von Uwe Baumann Des Kaisers neue Kleider 21 Aus VSTS wird Azure DevOps – mehr als nur ein neuer Name? von Nico Orschel und Thomas Rümmler .NET Framework & C# R. I. P .NET „Core“ 29 .NET Framework, .NET Core und Mono sind tot – lang lebe .NET 5.0! von Dr. Holger Schwichtenberg Machine Learning für die Zukunft 33 Hintergrund und Einstieg in ML mit .NET von Kevin Gerndt Architektur Kolumne: Stropek as a Service 40 Zehn Hausaufgaben für die Cloud-Architektur – Eine gute Softwarearchitektur setzt klare Ziele voraus von Rainer Stropek Große Business-Apps mit Angular meistern 43 Nachhaltige Angular-Architekturen mit Nx und Strategic Design von Manfred Steyer Inhalt Sicherheit Du kommst hier nicht rein 48 API Authorization in ASP.NET Core 3.0 mit IdentityServer von Sebastian Gingter Wasm – Ist das sicher oder kann das weg? 53 Neue Besen kehren gut, sagt man. Aber sind sie auch sicher? von Carsten Eilers HTML5 & JavaScript Das Beste aus zwei Welten 59 Mit ASP.NET Core und Angular eine Webanwendung erstellen von Fabian Gosebrink Injections für echte TypeScript-Junkies 70 Dependency
[Show full text]
Branching Strategies with Distributed Version Control in Agile Projects
Branching Strategies with Distributed Version Control in Agile Projects David Arve March 2, 2010 Abstract Branching strategies play an integral part in traditional software de- velopment. In Agile projects however branching is seen as the opposite to embracing change and therefor given little attention. This paper describes what branching strategies would support an agile workflow. It also describes how a distributed version control tool will fit better around these branching strategies then a centralized tool. This pa- per puts forth some original work on what branching strategies and team organization that fully takes advantage of a distributed version control tool. This paper aims to describe how a distributed version control can support agile teams with advanced branching strategies without slowing down or complicating the lightweight agile processes. 1 Introduction Software development is a process that produces a massive amount of highly complicated content. All of this content is produced by teams that range from just a few developers up to several thousands. It is obvious that this process needs to be highly coordinated. The coordination of this content is a part of Software configuration management (SCM). Traditionally this has been done by a centralized version control tool. [2] Branching strategies have not gained a lot of popularity in agile teams. [3] In recent years several new version control tools have emerged. These new tools break with the standard model of centralized version control (CVC) made popular by tools like CVS [9] and Subversion[6]. The new tools are based on a distributed model. Recent tools include Arch [5], Bazaar [8], BitKeeper [7] and Git [11].
[Show full text]
Git and Github
Git and GitHub Working Dir/Staging, Local/Remote, Clone, Push, Pull, Branch/Merge, Monorepo, GitHub Desktop Source code is by far the most important asset any Even if not using GitHub for their own source, app software company owns. It is more valuable than developers still need to get familiar with it as most of buildings, brand names, computer hardware, furniture today’s popular open source projects are using it and or anything else a software company has. Source code app developers will invariably need to use these. needs to be valued and treated like the very important company asset that it is. Hence the need for a robust This course covers both and helps developers gain source code management system. hands-on experience in how to incorporate both into their development workflow. Many Git-related terms Git is the most popular source code management have entered the developer lexicon – push, pull request, system; GitHub.com is the most popular Git cloud cloning, forking, promoting, repo – and this course hosting solution. Either Git alone or Git and GitHub can helps attendees understand each concept and mentally be used to comprehensively manage and protect source. tie everything together to see how they work in unison. Contents of One-Day Training Course Distributed Version Control Command Line Tooling Using what you might already know Porcelain vs. plumbing Adding distributed influence Beyond the basics - more complete look at Organizing teams via Git advanced command line tools for Git Strategies for managing source trees Managing
[Show full text]