Trichoptera)" (2018)

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5-2018 Description and Diagnosis of Associated Larvae and Adults of Vietnamese and South Carolina Caddisflies T( richoptera) Madeline Sage Genco Clemson University, [email protected]

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Recommended Citation Genco, Madeline Sage, "Description and Diagnosis of Associated Larvae and Adults of Vietnamese and South Carolina Caddisflies (Trichoptera)" (2018). All Theses. 2839. https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses/2839

This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses at TigerPrints. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Theses by an authorized administrator of TigerPrints. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DESCRIPTION AND DIAGNOSIS OF ASSOCIATED LARVAE AND ADULTS OF VIETNAMESE AND SOUTH CAROLINA CADDISFLIES (TRICHOPTERA)

A Thesis Presented to the Graduate School of Clemson University

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science Entomology

by Madeline Sage Genco May 2018

Accepted by: Dr. John C. Morse, Committee Co-chair Dr. Michael Caterino, Committee Co-chair Dr. Kyle Barrett ABSTRACT

Globally, only 868 trichopteran larvae have been described to enable species-level identification; that is only 0.05% of all caddisfly species. In the Oriental Region, almost none (0.016%) of the larvae are known. Continued work on describing larval species may improve the accuracy of water quality monitoring metrics. Genetic barcoding (with mtCOI) was used to associate unknown larvae with known or unknown adults. The morphology of the larvae was then described in words as well as in illustrations to aid species-level identification. Two new species also were described from adult males in the same manner.

ii DEDICATION

This text is dedicated to all girls and young women who are fascinated by “bugs”

(and other things traditionally seen as unladylike) and all the wonderful men and women who encourage our enthusiasm and support us in our ambitions.

iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I would like to thank my parents and my brother for their unwavering love and support, and for instilling in me my love of science and the outdoors.

Dr. Jeff Heilveil, for introducing me to the world of aquatic entomology, and encouraging me to pursue graduate school. All of my fellow graduate students, lab-mates, and other professionals that lent me advice or helped with my field work, including C.

Wrege, S. Muñoz, K. Murray, J. Xu, S. Qiu, L. Vasquez, A. Deczynski, Dr. M. Ferro, M.

Green, Q. Lewis, Z. Burrington, Dr. X. Zhou, Dr. R. Holzenthal, T.M. Nguyễn, V.S. Mai,

T.H.Y. Tô, V.H. Nguyễn, D.H Hugnh, Dr. T. Pham, and others.

I would like to thank my committee member, Dr. Kyle Barrett for his support and guidance, especially with consideration towards my career goals. My co-advisor Dr.

Mike Caterino, for his support, guidance, and patience throughout the numerous office visits about molecular work and tree building questions.

Finally, thank you to Dr. John C. Morse, for your continued help and guidance. I feel blessed to have you as an advisor. You have gone above and beyond to help me reach my goals; from inviting me to Vietnam and helping me to collect, to correcting my spelling (I’m sorry), to advice about life, and everything in-between. You have strived to help me learn and become my best self. Thank you.

I would like to thank the Clemson University Entomology Faculty for awarding me the King Research Grant, which funded much of the molecular work, and the Nettles

Grant which supported some of my travel to Vietnam and conferences.

iv PREFACE

This thesis “is not issued for public and permanent scientific record, or for the purposes of zoological nomenclature”; article 8.2 of the International Code of Zoological

Nomenclature applies (ICZN 1999).

v TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page TITLE PAGE ...... i

ABSTRACT ...... i

DEDICATION ...... iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...... iv

PREFACE ...... v

LIST OF TABLES ...... viii

LIST OF FIGURES ...... ix

CHAPTER

I. INTRODUCTION ...... 1

II. METHODS...... 8 Sampling ...... 8 Molecular work ...... 10 Describing Newly Associated Larvae ...... 15 Tree Building ...... 16

III. RESULTS ...... 19 Vietnamese Trichoptera ...... 19 Cheumatopsyche of North and South Carolina ...... 21 Key to the Larve of Cheumatopsyche ...... 25

IV. SPECIES DESCRIPTIONS...... 30 Drepanocentron dentatum, new species ...... 32 Hydromanicus calyx, new species ...... 43 Cheumatopsyche oxa Ross, 1938 ...... 51 Cheumatopsyche pinaca Ross, 1941...... 53

V. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS ...... 55 Trichoptera of Vietnam ...... 56 Cheumatopsyche of North and South Carolina ...... 59

vi Table of Contents (Continued)

Page APPENDICES ...... 64

A: Voucher Information ...... 65 B: BOLD Outgroup Information ...... 79

REFERENCES ...... 88

vii LIST OF TABLES

Table Page

1. Master mix reagent quantities used for most PCRs run...... 13

2. PCR Parameters...... 14

viii LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Page

1. Majority rule consensus tree assembled from most parsimonious trees...... 27

2. Majority rule consensus tree assembled from maximum likelihood trees...... 28

3. Phylogram of majority rule consensus tree assembled from post burn-in Bayesian Analysis...... 29

4. Drepanocentron dentatum n. sp., adult male genitalia, composite drawings of specimens VN59–VN62. 4A, genitalia, left lateral; 4B, segment X and phallus, left lateral; 4C, genitalia, dorsal; 4D, right inferior appendage, dorsal; 4E, genitalia, ventral...... 36

5. Drepanocentron dentatum n. sp., larva. 5A, head of specimen VN69, dorsal; 5B, head of VN69, ventral; 5C, labrum of VN70, dorsal; 5D, mandibles of VN69, dorsal; 5E, mandibles of VN70, dorsal; 5F, pronotum of VN69, dorsal; 5G, right anal proleg of VN 69, right lateral; 5F, pro- and mesopleura of VN69, right lateral...... 40

6. Hydromanicus calyx, male genitalia of specimen VN108. 6A, left lateral; 6B, phallus, left lateral; 6C, segment 10, dorsal; 6D, genitalia, dorsal...... 45

7. Hydromanicus calyx, larva of specimen VN4 except 7J of specimen VN3. 7A, head, dorsal; 7B, head, ventral; 7C, pronotum, dorsal; 7D, mesonotum, dorsal; 7E, metanotum, dorsal; 7F, inset of anterior margin of mesonotum, dorsal; 7G, prosternal sclerites, ventral; 7H, mandibles, dorsal; 7I, habitus, right lateral; 7J, right anal proleg, right lateral...... 50

8. Larva of Cheumatopsyche oxa, specimen MG20. A. Head, dorsal; B. Anterior margin of frontoclypeus, dorsal; intersegmental sclerites, ventral...... 52

9. Larva of Cheumatopsyche pinaca, specimen MG65. A. Head, dorsal; B. Anterior margin of frontoclypeus, dorsal; intersegmental sclerites, ventral...... 54

ix CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

There are 16,127 species of caddisflies (Morse personal communication 06 March

2018), making Trichoptera the 7th largest insect order with respect to species (Morse

2016). Globally, only 868 trichoperan larvae have been described to enable species level identification; that is only 0.05% of all caddisfly species. The greatest percentages of species known from larvae are those of the West Palearctic (Europe and Northern Africa) and the Nearctic (North America) Regions. However, the Oriental Region is the most speciose, as “it contains more than double the recorded species for each of the other regions, except the Neotropics” (de Moor & Ivanov 2008). According to the Trichoptera

World Checklist there are now 5,788 trichopteran species known from the Oriental

Region, yet larvae of only 91 (0.016%) of the species in that region of the world are known. In the southeastern United States there are 663 species of Trichoptera, yet of these, the larvae of only 309 (47%) have been described sufficiently to enable confident identification (Morse et al. 2017).

Aquatic insects and other freshwater macroinvertebrates are now commonly used as surrogates or sentinels to assess water quality in developed countries of the world and increasingly in developing countries (Morse et al. 2007). Because of their relative sensitivity to environmental change, Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT) are particularly important for use in water quality assessment and biomonitoring and can be informative about the health of the streams or rivers they inhabit (Lenat & Penrose

1996). Chemical tests may yield differing results based on fluctuation in environmental

1 conditions such as temperature and rainfall and so only show the instantaneous condition of the water at the moment a water sample is taken (Resh & Unzicker 1975). According to Miller 1988, pollution is any “Changes in the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of water, air, or soil that can affect the health or activities of living organisms”. Unlike sporadic chemical tests, the long-lived biota in the stream are continuously, “sampling” it for harmful substances. Chemical tests can also be expensive compared to bioassesment, which requires fewer people and cheaper equipment. There are benefits to using aquatic macroinvertebrates over other organisms as well. Algae can also be used, but they are much more challenging than insects to identify to the genus or species level. Unlike fish, macroinvertebrates are very abundant, very diverse, relatively sedentary, and represent multiple trophic levels, thus reflecting more localized and cumulative effects of pollution in the water. Biological assessment using aquatic insects yields the best results when the species of the local area are known (Morse 2017).

Among Trichoptera, the family Hydropsychidae is especially common and with high species diversity in streams worldwide. Different genera of Hydropsychidae vary in their tolerance to pollution (Barbour et al. 1999). Within the Hydropsychidae, some genera, for example Hydropsyche have different tolerance levels among included species

(Resh and Unzicker 1975). This is likely true for species of the large and ubiquitous genus Cheumatopsyche as well (J.C. Morse, personal communication). Because of the wide range of tolerance values reported among species in some genera, it has been suggested that species-level identifications may greatly improve water quality monitoring. “Of the 89 [North American] genera for which water quality tolerances have

2 been established for more than a single species, the competent species fell into different tolerance categories in 61 of the genera examined” (Resh & Unzicker 1975).

Resh & Unzicker (1975) and Morse et al. (2017) urged their readers to associate larvae and adults of aquatic insects and create diagnostic keys rather than continue to evaluate environmental impact using genus-level identifications. They argued that species-level identifications will greatly improve water quality assessments. In this thesis, it is my goal to associate yet-unidentified larvae of Trichoptera with their identifiable adults and to prepare illustrated morphological descriptions so that the newly described larvae will be identifiable to species. If successful, this could lead to future studies to assign tolerance values to the newly recognizable larval forms (e.g., Lenat 1993). Lenat’s

(1993) study included Cheumatopsyche only to the genus level, so that new species-level diagnoses for larvae of this genus in the southeastern United States could improve the precision of EPT and benthic macroinvertebrate studies and the use of these insects in water quality management in the United States.

Chapter 4 of Larvae of Southeastern USA Mayfly, Stonefly, and Caddisfly

Species (Morse et al. 2017) includes a list of all the southeastern U.S. trichopteran species and indicates those with identifiable larvae, urging readers to associate yet- unknown caddisfly larvae with their adults. Morse et al. suggested three ways to do this: first by rearing the larvae, secondly by capture of mature pupae with their shed larval sclerites (metamorphotype method, Milne 1938), and thirdly by applying molecular techniques. Rearing can be time-consuming work and is often unsuccessful.

Metamorphotypes of a given species are present for only a few days each year. Thus, I

3 used genetic barcoding to match undescribed caddisfly larvae with known and identifiable adults. Barcoding involves sequencing about 650 base pairs of the mitochondrial COI gene for each species. These sequences can then be compared to other sequences available in the data library, to show what species have the most similar sequences. The idea is that these “barcodes” can be used to match unidentified specimens with known species (Meier et al. 2006 and BOLD 2007). Neighbor-joining or phylogenetic analysis can be used to provide support to the associations. This technique has been used for Trichoptera with much success previously in Canada and the Smoky

Mountains by Zhou et al. (2009, 2011) and Ruiter et al. (2013), and in China by Zhou et al. (2007) and Xu et al. (2017 and 2018). The phylogenetic methods of Caterino and

Tishechkin (2006) on histerid beetle larvae were referenced in place of the neighbor- joining method used by the other authors. According to Huelsenbeck (1995), maximum likelihood analysis is more robust than neighbor-joining, it is more likely to “estimate the correct phylogeny even when the assumptions of the phylogenetic method are violated”.

This is especially important because “the idealized assumptions underlying phylogenetic methods are most likely violated with real data” (Huelsenbeck 1995).

The overriding question of this research was: How may the larvae of caddisflies be identified at the species level, making them more readily useful for ecological research and freshwater biomonitoring?

Hypothesis 1: Larvae and adults forming monophyletic groups belong to same species according to the Phylogenetic Species Concept (Eldridge & Cracraft 1980) that

4 is, the smallest aggregation of populations diagnosable by a unique combination of character states.

Null Hypothesis 1: Larvae and adults forming monophyletic groups are not the same species.

Hypothesis #1 is supported (and the null hypothesis rejected), if all trees

(Parsimony, Maximum likelihood, and Bayesian) were similar, with the same larvae and adult specimens said to be the same species comprising a monophyletic group on all trees, and the larvae are nested within the adults or with less than 2% sequence difference from them. This 2% cut off was determined by comparing interspecific and intraspecific sequence percent differences between adult Cheumatopsyche species I collected as well as Cheumatopsyche sequences used from BOLD, but excluding C. hardwoodi and C. enigma as these seemed to be outliers, and I am not convinced that the species boundary for them is well defined.

Hypothesis 2: Larvae of the same species have objectively describable shared morphological characters distinct from similar or closely related species.

Null Hypothesis 2: Larvae of the same species are morphologically cryptic to other species.

Hypothesis 2 is supported (and the null hypothesis rejected) if for each larva of a given associated species, a hypothesized a set of diagnostic morphological characters consistently appears in each additional associated larva and consistently does not appear in larvae of similar and closely related species. Details of specific hypotheses and objective criteria for the character analyses are provided below under “Describing Newly

5 Associated Larvae”. If supported, Hypothesis #2 also gives additional support for

Hypothesis #1; however, if species are cryptic and undiagnosible morphologically,

Hypothesis #1 may still be supported.

First, I focused on species of the genus Cheumatopsyche, especially targeting those found in North and South Carolina. I chose to target this genus because it is fairly common, easy to find, and also has many species with undescribed larvae. Morse et al.’s

(2017) list of southeastern U.S. Trichoptera includes 32 species of Cheumatopsyche—22 of these are found in North and/or South Carolina, but larvae of 11 (50%) of them have not been described. Many of those have been described only tentatively in morphotype groups, possibly containing multiple species. The only previous phylogenetic trees inferred that specifically focused on Cheumatopsyche were completed by Gordon (1974, based on adult morphology) and Burington (2011, based on morphology of larvae of a few species). In his work, Burington (2011) hypothesized several morphotypes, which

Morse et al. (2017) incorporated into their book. I have referenced these works in order to hypothesize characters for the species I’ve associated.

Labs such as that of Dr. Zhou Xin in China are actively describing more of these species with the hope of building water quality monitoring programs similar to those here in the United States and other developed countries. However, other countries in the region are just starting to identify their fauna. Dr. Thai Pham of the Vietnam National

Museum of Nature invited Dr. Morse and his laboratory to come to Vietnam in order to teach others how to collect and identify caddisflies. Of course, I accepted. If the

6 Vietnamese can learn to identify their local fauna, they hope to use this information in the future to begin their own water quality program.

In this study I have associated two Vietnamese larvae with two new species, one in the genus Drepanocentron (Xiphocentronidae) and one in Hydromanicus

(Hydropsychidae). There are 41 species of Drepanocentron globally, all are from the

Oriental Region; this study includes the first larval description for any species of the genus. There are 71 Hydromanicus species globally, 70 from the Oriental Region, of which the larvae of only 5 species were previously known.

In biomonitoring studies, it is common for habitat information and some water quality data to be taken along with the benthic macroinvertebrate samples. The

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recommended gathering physical/chemical habitat data as part of their Benthic Macroinvertebrate Sampling Protocol, and stated, “an evaluation of habitat quality is critical to any assessment of ecological integrity and should be performed at each site at the time of the biological sampling” (Barbour et al.1999). The North Carolina Department of Environmental and Natural Resources also includes physical and chemical habitat data in their “Standard Operating Procedures for

Benthic Macroinvertebrates Biological Assessment Unit.” Thus, habitat assessment methods were adapted from Barbour et al. (1999) and used in conjunction with my collection of caddisflies in the USA.

7 CHAPTER TWO

METHODS

Sampling

A rite-in-the-rain® field notebook was used for taking notes in the field. For each stream, sampled data gathered was based on EPA Habitat Assessment and Water Quality

Protocols. The “Physical Characterization/Water Quality Field Data Sheet” (Appendix A-

1 form 1, Barbour et al.) was completed for each site. This includes data such as date, start time of sampling, names of all collectors, GPS coordinates of sampling site, detailed description of the site and sampled habitats, weather conditions, and other general ecological observations. Upstream and downstream photographs were taken at each site.

For sampling sites in the United States, an in-situ water quality meter (YSI®) was used to obtain the water temperature, specific conductance, dissolved oxygen, and pH. The YSI was not used for Vietnamese Collecting sites; I did not bring the probe because I could not easily calibrate it overseas without access to a lab and was unable to transport the equipment and calibration fluids from the USA. State, County, town, nearest road intersection, and GPS coordinates were also be recorded (though not on the EPA’s data sheet). The “Habitat Assessment Field Data Sheet” (Appendix A-1 forms 2 and 3,

Barbour et al.) was also completed in order to gain a more detailed description and evaluation of habitat type, yielding a numerical rating corresponding to poor, marginal, suboptimal, and optimal.

A separate laboratory notebook was kept for the molecular work, descriptions, general notes, and as a diary of daily tasks performed. Larvae were collected using D-

8 frame dip nets, kick screens, and by examining rocks and debris. Adults were collected in battery-operated light traps consisting of a BioQuip black light tube laid over a shallow white pan filled with 95–100% ethanol. Light traps were operated starting approximately

20 minutes after sunset and ran for at least 1 hour or until the number of incoming insect specimens declined. Larvae and adults were preserved in the field in 95–100% ethanol.

Adult males and females were identified to species when possible; clearing the genitalia with lactic acid was often necessary for proper identification, using methods modified from those of Blahnik & Holzenthal (2004) and Blahnik et al. (2007). Female abdomens were cleared via the extraction process described below. If males were difficult to identify, or thought to be a new species, abdomens were cleared by submerging in 85% lactic acid at room temperature for several days until clear or by heating the lactic acid in a bath of glycerin for about 30 minutes. Lactic acid was chosen because it often causes the phallus to evert, aiding description and, unlike potassium hydroxide (KOH) is unlikely to overclear the cuticle (Blahnik et al. 2007). United States adult hydropsychid specimens were first sorted to morphotype and then to family or genus using a variety of sources (Schmid 1998, Ross 1944, and Wiggins & Currie 2008).

Then Cheumatopsyche specimens were identified to species using the work by Gordon

(1974). Vietnamese adult specimens were identified using the atlas by Malicky (2010) and primary literature published since 2010. The Trichoptera World Checklist was referenced to ensure that the names used are still valid, not synonyms. Larvae were identified to genus; for United States specimens the keys by Morse & Holzenthal (2008)

9 or Morse et al. (2017) were used; for Vietnamese specimens the reference by Morse et al.

(1994) was used.

All specimens were sorted into glass screwcap vials. All United States specimens were databased with unique identification numbers and stored as vouchers in the

Clemson University Arthropod Collection after completion of the project. Vietnamese specimens were vouchered and representatives will be returned to the Vietnam National

Museum of Nature. Each voucher label is marked with the DNA extraction number. Only specimens included in this thesis and those for which I attempted to extract DNA were vouchered, not all specimens collected.

Molecular work

Representative adults of each species collected were barcoded using mtCOI.

Larvae from each site collected were barcoded due to the assumed high likelihood that they could be the same species as adults collected at the same location. Even if the North

American specimens were of a species that was tentatively known from (Morse et al. table 4), they were barcoded because many of these larval descriptions were poorly recorded or only tentatively identified, or multiple species were assigned to a morphotype group such that individual species were not sufficiently distinguished to separate them from others in the group. An excel spreadsheet was maintained to keep track of individual specimens and the steps in the molecular sequencing and analysis process that have been completed for each. Each specimen received a unique extraction number.

Initials MG were used to indicate North or South Carolina specimens; VN indicates

Vietnam, and JCM indicated the specimen was from John C. Morse. Throughout this

10 study I use the same extraction numbers to refer to specific specimens. These unique

PCR numbers were also assigned because some extractions were run multiple times using different PCR methods in order to successfully amplify DNA.

Each extraction was performed using a body part from each specimen. For adult females the entire abdomen was used, as the extraction process conveniently cleared the genitalia, aiding identification. For most adult male specimens, only a leg was used for extraction, and broken in two places to expose muscle tissue. For large larval specimens the insect was cut in half between the thorax and abdomen, the anterior half was used for extraction. For very small adult and larval specimens the entire body was used for extraction. Dissections were performed under a dissecting microscope on a watch glass sterilized with 10% bleach between each specimen, or on sterile parafilm. Forceps were sterilized between each dissection with a flame, or by dipping them in 10% bleach, followed by deionized water, and then 95% ethanol. Dissected parts to be used in extraction were set on paper towels or Kimwipes® for a few minutes to dry before being placed into 1.5 mL centrifuge tubes. Initially a few samples were put into tubes while still wet and dried using a centrifuge for about 15 minutes or until dry; however, the paper towel method was more time efficient and used for the majority of samples.

Extraction protocols were modified from instructions provided in the Thermo

Scientific® extraction kit. All reagents except ethanol and water were included in the kit.

180 µL of digestion solution and 20µL of proteinase K solution were added to each centrifuge tube and then mixed with a vortex mixer and placed into a water bath at 56°C.

Samples were vortexed and spun with a mini centrifuge (to remove sample stuck to the

11 lid of the tubes) once or twice over the course of an hour and then left in the bath overnight. The next day 200 µL of Lysis solution was added to each tube vortexed for 15 seconds and then spun. Lysis solution (200 µL) was added to each tube, and then vortexed for 15 seconds and spun. Ethanol (400 µL of 50% ethanol) was added, vortexed, and spun again. Prepared lysate was transferred to filtered spin columns inserted into collection tubes. Spin columns were centrifuged for 1 minute at 6000 x g. The collection tubes were replaced with clean tubes. Wash buffer I (500 µL) was added to each column and centrifuged for 1 minute at 8000 x g. Liquid collected in the tube was discard and the tube placed back on the column. Wash buffer II (500 µL) was added to each column, and centrifuged for 3 minutes at greater than 12,000 x g. Collection tubes and liquid were discarded. Columns were placed into clean 1.5 mL centrifuge tubes, 200 µL of elution buffer was added to each column and allowed to incubate at room temperature for 2 minutes, then centrifuged for 1 minute at 8,000 x g. Purified DNA was used immediately, or stored in the freezer. Amputated body parts were placed in a 0.2 mL microcentrifuge tube, and placed back in the same vouchered specimen vial as the body.

A 25µL polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was conducted following extraction to amplify the DNA. An excel spreadsheet and PCR Form was created for each extraction to record the exact quantities used in the master mix for each specimen, as well as a unique extraction number associated with each specimen, and a unique PCR number associated with a specific extraction. The universal mtCOI primers (LC01490 and HC02198) were used for all PCRs. All master mix reagents (except taq) were thawed, vortexed, spun, and added to the master mix. Taq was then added and mixed into the master mix by pipetting

12 up and down. Initially Thermo Scientific’s Platinum™ Taq DNA Polymerase was used in the master mix. Later I used Thermo Scientific’s DreamTaq DNA Polymerase as a cheaper alternative. The master mix was adjusted in order to accommodate the suggested reagent amounts to go with each taq; other minor adjustments were made to the master mix to find what amounts provided the most successful results. Generally, I found the master mix formula shown in Table 1 to be most successful, (although I did not optimize this exhaustively). Tubes of sizes 0.5 mL or 0.2 mL were used for PCR; 24 µL of master mix was added to each tube, along with 1 µL of DNA.

Table 1. Master mix reagent quantities used for most PCRs run. Master Mix Reagent Amount per Tube H20 16.75 µL Taq buffer 2.5 µL dNTP mix 2.5 µL Mg+ 0 µL Primer 1 (LC01490) 1 µL Primer 2 (HC02198) 1 µL Dream Taq 0.25 µL

Tubes were put into an Eppendorf Master® cycler nexus gradient PCR machine, and run using the parameters shown in Table 2.

Table 2. PCR Parameters used throughout study. Temp. Seconds Init.Den. 95 180 Denat. 94 30 Anneal 50 30 Extend 72 45 Final ext. 72 180 Cycles: 35

Gel electrophoresis was conducted in order to determine if PCR was successful.

Gel was made by mixing 0.45 g of agarose with 40 mL of 1XTBE buffer in an

Erlenmeyer flask and microwaving for 30 seconds, swirling to mix, and then microwaving an additional 30 seconds or until all granules were dissolved into solution.

When the microwave broke for a short period of time a hot plate was used. After the flask was cool enough to be touched, 1.5 µL of Thermo Scientific’s SYBR Safe DNA gel stain was added and swirled into the mixture. Gel rig, tray, and combs were used to set the gel, gel was allowed to cool and solidify for 20 minutes or until firm. Samples were prepared on clean Parafilm® with 1.5 µL of loading dye and 3 µL of PCR product. Electrophoresis was run at 120–140 V for 40 minutes or until bands were about ¾ of the way through the gel. Gels were visualized under ultraviolet light using a VWR UV Transilluminator Gel

Imager®. Photos were taken of each gel, and stapled into the laboratory notebook along with the corresponding PCR form.

PCR product from 82 specimens was sent to Macrogen USA (Rockville, MD) to obtain mitochondrial COI sequences. All sequences obtained will be uploaded to BOLD.

14 Describing Newly Associated Larvae

For each newly associated larva, I observed and hypothesized a set of morphological character states to distinguish each species from its congeners. Each character state must be distinct for its respective species, without intermediates. Larvae were compared to other larvae in this study, as well as to larval forms described in the literature.

After character analyses identified reliable diagnostic characters for a species, verbal and graphic descriptions of these characters were prepared. I chose to use illustrations instead of photographs for several reasons outlined by Holzenthal (2008): (1)

The act of drawing helps the illustrator understand the morphology. (2) It allows the illustrator to choose to focus on diagnostically important characters, possibly preventing the viewer from seeing the wrong character in the image. (3) If specimens are damaged, the illustrator can use them to make a single composite image of a “perfect” specimen.

Illustrations were created using methods modified from those of Holzenthal (2008),

Holzenthal 2015, and Genco & Morse 2017, “Pencil templates for illustrations were prepared using a gridded eyepiece in a Wild® M5D (Wild Heerbrugg, Switzerland) dissecting microscope. Final drawings were prepared with Abode Illustrator®

(versionCC2015; Adobe Systems, San Jose, California) and Adobe Photoshop® (version

CC 2015; Adobe Systems)”. For very small specimens a doubler objective and 20X eyepieces were also used.

Alternatively, for some illustrations a photograph was taken through a microscope lens using a smart phone camera, and then used as a template in Adobe Illustrator. The

15 specimen was maintained under the microscope for comparison while drawing. Setal brushes created for use in Illustrator by Dr. Ralph Holzenthal were used. For lateral drawings, as per convention in trichopterology, the left side was used for genitalia; the right side was used for all other structures unless it was damaged, in which case the opposite side was used and then the drawing was reflected in Adobe Illustrater® to show the conventional orientation.

Tree Building

Forward and reverse sequences for each specimen were aligned using Clustal

® Omega (Sievers et al. 2011) to check that they were in agreement. Sequences from each primer were combined and checked/edited by hand in Geneious®. Each aligned sequence was put into a Nexus file using Microsoft Notepad (a simple text editor) along with its species name and the extraction number used to identify the exact specimen, and an “A” to indicate an adult specimen, “L” for a larva, “M” for male, and “F” for female. Two larval sequences did not align well; I used BLAST (Madden 2002) to compare these to other sequences available online. Finding that they matched with algae, likely representing contamination from the gut contents, these two sequences were removed from the analyses.

Outgroups from the Barcode of Life Database (BOLD) were added to the Nexus file and aligned with the rest of the sequences by hand. Process identifications were included (with the hyphen removed from before the last two digits) so that the exact sequences can be traced back to BOLD.

16 Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) j- model comparison tests (version 2.1.9) were run to choose the model that best fits the data and includes only necessary parameters. For both tests, the most complex model

(GTR+I+G) was selected as the best fit.

Maximum Parsimony analysis was run with PAUP 4.0® (Swofford 2002), using random starting trees and 1000 replicates, and for branch swapping saving no more than

1000 trees for each replicate. The trees were rooted using Rhyacophila Pictet 1834, because Rhyacophilidae is sister to the rest of Trichoptera (Malm et al. 2013). The resulting trees were used to create a 50% majority rule consensus tree in PAUP (Fig. 1).

Maximum Likelihood analysis was performed in RAxML version 8.2.9

(Stamatakis 2014), using Mesquite’s Zephyr package (Maddison and Maddison 2015). I used100 search replicates and 1000 bootstrap replicates were conducted to test congruence for the phylogenetic inference. The trees were rooted using Rhyacophila. The resulting trees were used to create a 50% majority rule consensus tree in Mesquite® (Fig.

2).

To create the trees using Bayesian analysis, the Nexus file was opened using

Mesquite (Maddison and Maddison 2015) and exported for MrBayes . This file was then uploaded to MrBayes (http://mrbayes.sourceforge.net/) where the Bayesian analysis was run twice to ensure the best topology had been reached. The resulting trees were then opened using PAUP 4.0 (Swofford 2002). Trees were rooted with Rhyacophila. A majority rules consensus tree was created using only the post-burn-in trees (the first 25% of trees were discarded). Number of generations was 10,000,000. Sample frequency was

17 1,000. Number of chains was 4. A phylogram was created for using this consensus tree

(also using PAUP®) (Fig. 3). This tree was edited using FigTree v1.4.3 to show posterior probabilities and increase text size and condense branches I don’t discuss in this thesis.

Illustrator® was used to adjust the placement of the posterior probabilities so that they do not overlap visually with the taxon names, to add color to some groups to aid discussion, and to make other minor adjustments.

18 CHAPTER THREE

RESULTS

Vietnamese Trichoptera

I attempted to extract DNA from 125 specimens from Vietnam, including at least

26 species. Of these, I was able to successfully extract and replicate DNA from 54 specimens. For 49 of these I was able to obtain mtCOI sequences, including at least 10 of those species.

The three majority rule consensus trees (from parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian analyses, respectively Figs. 1–3) are similar. Larvae and adults of the following Vietnamese species were each monophyletic on all 3 consensus trees. Specific specimens are referred to by their extraction numbers or BOLD process ID. If larvae are nested within a group of adults it is considered to be the same species. If larvae is sister to the rest of the monophyletic group, and has short branch lengths, it is considered the same species only if the sequence is less than or equal to 2% different from that of the adults.

 Drepanocentron n. sp.: 4 adult males and 3 larvae form a monophyletic group, with

all of their sequences less than 0.16% different from each other, thus my data support

the hypothesis that they are the same species. Adult male and larva are described

below (Figs. 4 and 5). The larva was described from only two specimens as one

specimen (corresponding to extraction number VN67) was destroyed during

extraction. This is the first larva described in the genus, so I cannot compare it to

other Drapanocentron species, to test characters or determine if it is or is not cryptic

19 with other more closely related species. However, I do provide characters to separate

it from other larvae in the same family. (Fig. 3, orange).

 Pseudoleptonema quinquefasciatum: 4 adult males and 4 larvae formed a

monophyletic group, with all sequences less than or equal to 0.312% different from

each other, thus my data support the hypothesis that these larvae and adults are the

same species. An adult male from BOLD (BHMKK141-12) is sister to these, but with

a longer branch length in the phylogram created from the Bayesian analysis (Fig. 3).

BHMKK141-12 is about 8% different from the rest of the monophyletic group. This

could be due genetic differences of different populations, or possibly my specimens

are a separate but closely related cryptic species. The adult and larval morphology of

P. quinquefasciatum is already described, the morphology of BHMKK141-12 would

need to be evaluated to determine if these are separate cryptic species. (Fig. 3, light

green).

 Pseudoneureclipsis sp.: 3 larval specimens matched with 2 specimens from BOLD,

one of P. ramosa Ulmer 1913 and one of P. abia Malicky & Chantaramongkol 1993.

Two other specimens of P. ramosa from BOLD were included in the analysis, they

came out in a different part of the tree, sister to the other Pseudoneuoclipsis

specimens. Likely one of the two specimens from BOLD (KJTRI15213 or

BHMKK12312) was identified incorrectly, but this can only be confirmed upon

inspection of these specimens. Thus description of the larval species is not included

here, and character testing was not conducted. However, the sequences of

KJTRI15213 and BHMKK12312t are only 0.15% different, and the larvae that are

20 part of the same monophyletic group are only 0.15% to 0.31% different from these

adults. Thus my data support the hypothesis that these larvae and adults are the same

species. (Fig. 3, red).

 Hydromanicus n. sp: 3 adult males formed a monophyletic group with 4 larvae.

Larval sequences are all between 0% and 0.15% different from adult sequences, thus

my data support the hypothesis that they are the same species. My data tentatively

reject the hypothesis that the species is cryptic with known Hydromanicus species.

However, because there are only 6 oriental species for which the larvae have been

described in the genus, I cannot compare to all possible Hydromanicus larval forms,

and cannot eliminate the possibility that other undescribed larvae in the genus are

cryptic with this larval form. Adult male and larva are described below (Figs. 6 and

7). One additional larva (VN120) appeared sister to the rest, with a longer branch

length in the phylogram; its sequence is 16% to 17% different from the rest. The data

suggest it is a different species in the same genus. (Fig. 3, dark green).

Cheumatopsyche of North and South Carolina

I attempted to extract DNA from 110 specimens of Cheumatopsyche comprising 8 species. Of these, I was able to successfully amplify DNA from 31 specimens, including

7 of the 8 species. I was able to obtain mtCOI sequences for 28 of these specimens.

Of the Cheumatopsyche specimens collected in North and South Carolina, I had several form monophyletic groups (listed below) consistent on all 3 consensus trees

(Figs. 1–3). If larvae are nested within a group of identified adults it is considered to be the same species. If larvae are sister to the rest of the monophyletic group, and have short

21 branch lengths, it is considered the same species only if the sequence is less than or equal to 2% different from that of the adults.

 C. enigma Ross et al. 1971: 5 larvae (including one from BOLD) are monophyletic

with 1 adult female plus 4 other adult specimens from BOLD. All sequences were

less than 0.7% different, therefore my data support the hypothesis that these are the

same species. (Fig. 3, brown)

 C. harwoodi Denning, 1948: 3 larvae are monophyletic with 2 adult females. These

are sister to C. enigma in all the trees, with very short branch lengths in the

phylogram (Fig. 3) and sequence differences between the two groups are less than

2%, thus my data support the hypothesis that these larvae and adults are the same

species. However, all C. harwoodi added from BOLD came out monophyletic with

each other, but not with my specimens of C. harwoodi and C. enigma, sequence

differences between the two monophyletic groups up to 12%. I hypothesize that the

specimens I identified as C. harwoodi are actually different morphotype of C.

enigma, or a subspecies, or a hybrid between the two. (Fig. 3, blue).

 C. pinaca Ross, 1941: 1 larva, 6 adult females, and 1 adult male from BOLD form a

monophyletic group, with all sequence differences less than 0.13%. Therefore, my

data support the hypothesis that larvae and adults are the same species. (Fig. 3, pink).

This larvae (MG65) is described and illustrated here without diagnosis (Fig 9).

 C. oxa Ross, 1938: 1 larva is monophyletic with 4 adult females, and 1 adult male.

All C. oxa from BOLD appeared as 1 monophyletic group sister to the C. oxa I

collected, forming one large monophyletic group, with very short branch lengths

22 separating the two groups. Sequence differences between all of these are about 2% or

less possibly suggesting that they are likely the same species, just collected from

multiple populations. (Fig. 3, purple). The larva of this species has never before been

described in the literature, specimen VN20 is described and illustrated here without

diagnosis (Fig. 8).

I have spent many hours looking for characters to separate the larval forms associated in my tree from each other and I have not yet found characters that can consistently separate them. I have focused on the frontoclypeus because several sources in the literature emphasize its use, such as MacKay (1978), Smith (1984), and Burington

(2011). So far I have only compared these larvae to others from within this study, and to voucher specimens from Burington’s thesis (2011). When attempting to use Burington’s key to larval Chumatopsyche (as published in Morse et al. 2017) I have found the frontoclypeal notch to exhibit sufficient intraspecific variation in my known specimens to make Morse's couplet 72 (shown verbatim below) impossible to consistently apply.

72(69’) Frontoclypeal notch shallow and narrow, with annuli of most-medial, brush-like

setae (Fig. 4.223) at or posterior to level of notch (Fig. 4.224); pronotal margin

with long, hair-like setae (Fig. 4.227); widespread, including all southeastern

states (see also Elkins 1936) ...... Morphotype D

(probably Cheumatopsyche analis, C. harwoodi, C. enigma, or C. richardsoni)

23 72’ Frontoclypeal notch deep and square, rounded or acute, with annuli of most-

medial, brush-like setae anterior to base of notch (Figs. 4.225, 4.226, 4.228);

pronotal margin with or without long, hair-like setae...... 73

When viewing Burington’s vouchers of Morphotypes D and G under a compound microscope to better see the frontoclypeus and annuli, the difference between 72 and 72’ was slight at best. When using this key some of my C. enigma specimens keyed to

Morphotype D and some to G, indicating that this character does not hold up to species boundaries. I also key C. pinaca to Morphotype D, even though Burington listed it as morphotype G. I have revised his key below to remove the original couplet 72, and to combine morphotypes D and G. The characters Burington used to describe Morphotypes

E and F are distinct enough that they are not affected by this revision. My vouchers of C. oxa, C. pinaca, C. enigma, and C. harwoodi are all encompassed by Morphotype D/G.

Thus, my data tentatively fail to reject null hypothesis 2, and support the hypothesis that at least some larvae of Cheumatopsyche species may be morphologically cryptic with each other. Future evaluation of the setae viewed with cleared and slide mounted specimens as described by Schefter & Wiggins (1987) and Mackay (1978) may add momentum to the character search. Burington (pers. comm.) also suggested I try evaluating the anal prolegs, and other characters not as well discussed in the literature for this group. I am hopeful that given more time that a closer inspection of morphology of these larvae may yield characters to separate them.

24 KEY TO THE LARVE OF CHEUMATOPSYCHE OF THE SE UNITED STATES

Revised from Burington 2011 in Morse et al. 2017. The notation ‘fig.’, with a lowercase

‘f ’, indicates an original figure, Fig.’ with a capital ‘F’ indicates an illustration provided in this Master’s Thesis.

69(68’)Frontoclypeus lacking notch, such that marginal brush-like setae (fig.

4.216) and scallops uninterrupted between primary head setae 3 (fig.

4.217) ...... 70

69’ Frontoclypeus with notch, such that marginal brush-like setae and scallops

interrupted medially on frontoclypeal margin (fig. 4.218) ...... 72

70(69) At least some abdominal microspines greater than 15 μm in length (fig.

4.219) ...... 71

70’ All abdominal microspines less than 15 μm in length (fig. 4.220); MB &

ND to ME & QC, south to OK & AR and AL, FL, GA, KY, NC, SC, TN ......

...... Morphotype A (probably Cheumatopsyche minuscula)

71(70) Pronotal margin with long, hair-like setae (fig. 4.221) longer than ¼ length

of pronotum; NJ to LA, and AL, FL, GA, MS, NC, SC ......

...... Morphotype B (probably Cheumatopsyche virginica)

71’ Pronotal margin with short, hair-like setae (fig. 4.222) shorter than ¼

length of pronotum; MB to NB & QC, south to TX, LA and AL, GA, MS,

NC, SC ...... Morphotype C (probably Cheumatopsyche sordida)

25 72(69’) Frontoclypeal notch various, but usually as in fig. 4.226, with concave posterior

margin of notch; prosternum with 2 pairs of detached sclerites, 1 large and 1

minute (fig. 4.229); VA and GA, NC, SC, TN...... Morphotype E

(probably Cheumatopsyche etrona)

72’ Frontoclypeal notch variable, similar to figs. 4.224, 4.225, or 4.228; prosternum

with single pair of detached, minute sclerites (fig. 4.230) ...... 73

73(73’)Frontoclypeal notch with sides at acute angle with base, the most medial scallops

overhanging the notch (fig. 4.228); mesonotal and metanotal anterior margins

with crochet-like setae (fig. 4.231); AL, FL, GA, SC ...... Morphotype F

(probably Cheumatopsyche edista)

73’ Frontoclypeal notch with base and sides not at acute angles (similar to figs 4.225

or 4.224), never overhanging notch (fig. 4.225); mesonotal and metanotal anterior

margins with short, hair-like setae (fig. 4.232); widespread, including all

southeastern states...... Morphotype D/G

(probably including: C. campyla, C. pinaca [Fig. 9] , C. analis, C. harwoodi, C.

enigma, C. richardsoni, and C. oxa [Fig. 8])

26 Figure 1. Majority rule consensus tree assembled from most parsimonious trees. Extraction numbers beginning with VN indicate the specimen was collected in Vietnam, MG indicates it was collected in the Carolinas. BOLD process ID’s are included for outgroups. A indicates and adult specimen, L for larvae, M for male, and F for female.

27 Figure 2. Majority rule consensus tree assembled from maximum likelihood trees. Bootstrap values are indicated on branches. Extraction numbers beginning with VN indicate the specimen was collected in Vietnam, MG indicates it was collected in the Carolinas. BOLD process ID’s are included for out-groups. A indicates and adult specimen, L for larvae, M for male, and F for female.

28 Figure 3. Phylogram of majority rule consensus tree assembled from post burn- in Bayesian Analysis. Posterior probabilities are included on branches. Extraction numbers beginning with VN indicate the specimen was collected in Vietnam, MG indicates it was collected in the Carolinas. BOLD process ID’s are included for outgroups. A indicates and adult specimen, L for larvae, M for male, and F for female.

29 CHAPTER FOUR

SPECIES DESCRIPTIONS

In this chapter I describe the adult male and larvae of two new species,

Drepanocentron dentatum (Xiphocentronidae) and Hydromanicus calyx

(Hydropsychidae). I start by discussing the diagnosis of adults and larvae each family and genus, followed by the original species descriptions.

Xiphocentronidae Ross, 1949

Xiphocentronidae Ross, 1949: 1–7, figs. 1–12; type genus Xiphocentron Brauer,

1870. In his original description of this family, Ross (1949) add two new species to the monotypic genus Xiphocentron, described the family in detail, and provided a key to distinguish it from other then-known families of suborder Annulipalpia. Schmid (1982) revised the family, and included two subfamilies: Xiphocentroninae which included all genera (Melanotrichia Ulmer 1906, Cnodocentron Schmid 1982, Machairocentron

Schmid 1982, Xiphocentron Brauer, 1870, Drepanocentron Schmid 1982, and Abaria

Mosely 1948) except for Proxiphocentron Schmid 1982 which he placed in its own subfamily, Proxiphocentroninae. It is basal to other xiphocentronids and the body, wings, legs, and female genitalia were more similar to Psychomyiidae; however the male genitalia left no doubt that it belongs to Xiphocentronidae (Schmid 1982).

Xiphocentronidae and Psychomyiidae are sister groups, and Dipseudopsidae sister to those (Kjer et al. 2016).

I include here the first larval description for a species in the genus

Drepanocentron. Only 2 larvae of Xiphocentronidae have been described previously. The

30 larva of Xiphocentron messapus Schmid, 1982, was described by Edwards (1961, as

Xiphocentron mexico Ross 1949, according to Wiggins, 1996). The larva, pupa, and adult male of Cnodocentron yavapai Moulton and Stewart, 1997, were described originally, observing that the larva is “morphologically indistinguishable” from Wiggins’ (1996) description of larval X. messapus. However, upon review of these drawings, it appears that the pronotum of C. yavapai lacks the centralized setae and dark flat areas on the posterior margin seen in both X. messapus and Drepanocentron n. sp.

Diagnosis of adults:

Schmid (1982), suggested characters to separate the adults of this family. I have translated them here from French, and modified them to accommodate my new species:

As a whole, the genitalia are greatly stretched horizontally. Tergum IX is reduced. The preanal appendages are very long and robust. Segment X is secondarily open dorsally, closed ventrally, and forming a cradle under the aedeagus [or is tube-like as in D. verciaus Malicky & Chantaramongkol 1992 and D. dentatum n. sp. with the phallus running through it]. The phallic apparatus is reduced to a very short phallotheca with an aedeagus formed as an extremely long and slender cylinder, but the endotheca is completely obliterated. The ventral closure of segment X is probably explained by the extreme length and delicacy of the edging that has required a downward support. The 2nd and 3rd characters are not exclusive to the Xiphocentronidae, but the development evolves to the extreme of trends present in some Psychomyiidae.

31 Diagnosis of larvae:

These larvae are most similar to those of Psychomyiidae, but without hatchet- shaped foretrochantins. I hypothesize that the expanded pillow-like maxillae, long spinneret, mesoplural lobe, and fused tibiae and tarsi are family-level characters for

Xiphocentronidae, as they are present in all 3 species described thus far.

Drepanocentron Schmid, 1982

Drepanocentron Schmid, 1982: 72–74, figs. 206–298; type species Drepanocentron

druhyu Schmid (original designation).

Originally, Schmid (1982) included this genus in the nominotypical subfamily.

Currently, the genus includes 41 species, all of which are known only in the Oriental

Region (Morse personal communication). Females and immature stages of species in this genus have not been described previously.

Diagnosis of adults:

Schmid (1982) compared Drepanocentron to the rest of the subfamily

(Xiphocentroninae) as follows (translated from French): Drepanocentron is one of the most specialized genera of the subfamily by the simplified edges of the two wings, the diversity of their scaly coating, the modifications of tergite VIII and its fusion with tergum IX, and the ventral tongue of sternum IX.

Drepanocentron dentatum, new species

Figs. 4 and 5.

32 Holotype, male (VN62): VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park: Krem Stream, upstream of culvert at road (16.1958°N, 107.8490°E, elv: 1159 m) by J.C. Morse, K.

Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Hugnh, D.H., and Nguyễn V.H.; deposited in the

Vietnam National Museum of Nature, Hanoi, Vietnam.

Paratypes: Three adult male specimens (VN59, VN60, and VN61) and two larvae

(VN69 and VN70), same data as for holotype; VN69 deposited in the Vietnam Museum of Nature, Hanoi, Vietnam; all others deposited in the Clemson University Arthropod

Collection, Clemson, South Carolina, USA.

Description of Adult Male:

Maxillary palps 5-segmented with dark setae on basal 3 segments. Labial palps 3 segmented. Pair of large kidney-bean-shaped warts anterior to antennae, and much smaller ovoid pair posterior to antennae. Medial wart on dorsum of head with rounded anterior margin and pointed posterior margin. Two pairs of elongate transverse warts posteriorly on head on either side of mesal line. Pair of prothoracic warts brown, bulbous, and touching medially. Mesoscutal warts large, brown, ovoid, flattened (plate-like) touching medially. Wings brown in alcohol. Spur formula: 2-4-3. Each pair of spurs of mesothorasic legs with mesal spur distinctly longer than the lateral spur. Distal tibial spur of each hind leg, much thicker than other spurs, similar in shape to that of

Drepanocentron vercaius Malicky 1992, but much longer (about 4 times as long as wide), and with slender apical spine.

Description of Male Genitalia:

Tergite VIII overlapping base of segment IX and its acrotergite, and phallic shield, with 2 long setae in each posterolateral corner and 3 pairs on convex submesal portions of posterodorsal margin. Dorsum of segment IX shield like, with concave posterior margin, this concavity sometimes slight; its anterior acrotergite expanded with posterior margin convex submesally and concave mesally; pleural regions each consisting of very slender sclerotized connection between dorsal and ventral regions; ventrolateral portion on each side slender and extended internally as spine-like apodeme tapering anteriorly, and extending anteriorly beyond segment VIII; venter of segment IX with nearly parallel-sided posteromesal expansion (about twice as long as wide in ventral view, and concealing most or all of phallus, posterior margin round except for small notch. Phallocrypt membranous except for dorsal sclerotized shelf-like section (phallic shield) visible laterally, its anterior margin round in dorsal view. Cerci slender, nearly parallel-sided, gradually broader toward rounded apex, nearly reaching ends of inferior appendages. Segment X telescoped into segments VIII and IX, long, running beneath tergum VIII and beyond dorsum segment 9; tube-like, ventral margin of tube V-shaped in caudal view; 1 or 2 spines present basally on dorsal side of segment X beneath sternite

VIII, and pair of spines at midlength beneath dorsum IX; segment X with longitudinal diagonal ridge on each side dorsolaterally, this ridge forming plate with concave ventral margin and convex posterior margin and with spine on apicolateral corner. Internally, slender rod (likely Schmid’s (1982) phallotheca) longer than rest of genitalia, sclerotized

34 anteriorly, posteriorly inserted through segment X with diameter expanding and becoming indistinguishable from membranous remainder of phallus (Schmid’s (1982) endotheca), exiting tubular segment X. Phallus subapically with scarcely apparent roughened portion and apically with pair of fleshy pointed lobes or rods. Inferior appendages each with anteromesal corner having single large hooked spine and group of smaller spines; middle portion cupped on mesal surface; black spines present along thin dorsal margin and dense patch of black spines subapicoventrally; apicodorsal margin extending as slender projection beyond rest of inferior appendage and bent dorsomesad.

(Fig. 4).

Diagnosis of Male:

The male of this new species is most similar to that of Drepanocentron vercaius

Malicky and Chantaramongkol, 1992. The new species can be distinguished because it has a more nearly parallel-sided ventromesal projection of segment IX with a rounded posterior margin having a mesal notch; D. vercaius has a more nearly triangular dorsum

IX with a blunt posterior margin. This new species has spines on the dorsal margin of the inferior appendages, not the ventral margin is as in D. vercaius.

Etymology: The species is named D. dentatum, with “dentatum” meaning

“toothed” in Latin, referring to the prominent toothy spines on the inferior appendages.

35 4A

4C 4E

Figure 4. Drepanocentron dentatum n. sp., adult male genitalia, composite drawings of specimens VN59–VN62. 4A, genitalia, left lateral; 4B, segment X and phallus, left lateral; 4C, genitalia, dorsal; 4D, right inferior appendage, dorsal; 4E, genitalia, ventral.

36 Description of Larva:

Mandibles triangular, with slight curvature to lateral margins or at tips. Tips of mandibles black. Thin mesal margin of each mandible with nearly smooth edge without teeth. Fan of setae mesally on left mandible. Dorsally, each mandible with pair of setae near lateral margin about 1/2 to 1/3 length of mandible from base. Maxillae large, inflated, and pillow-like, with fine hair along lateral and apical margins. Spinneret long, extending beyond mandibles and labrum, similar to but not as long as that of

Dipseudopsidae. Labrum membranous and nearly circular or with distal margin concave.

Labrum connected to frontoclypeus by expanded, membranous anteclypeus, extending labrum beyond apical tips of mandibles. Apical margin of frontoclypeus straight except for apical expansion just lateral of lyre-shaped suture on each side. Wide transverse band of circular markings dorsally on head; similar patch of circular markings on ventral side of head at apical margin. Ventrally, apical margin of head capsule conspicuously notched, similar to that of Xiphocentron masapus larva (fig. 11.1C, Wiggins 1996).

Mentum and submentum membranous with no clear division, 1 pair of fine, long setae near posterior margin; tiny sclerotized corners of mentum possibly remnants of cardo.

Ventral anterior apotome broad and triangular, posterior apotome absent. Very faint ovoid muscle scars on posterior half of head on both dorsal and ventral sides. Pronotum similar to that of larva of Xiphocentron masapus (Wiggins, 1996, fig. 11.1B) with dark flat areas on posterior margin. All legs with tibiae and tarsi fused. Mesopleural lobes fan- like, each with short, fine seta at each corner; each lobe associated with sclerotized,

37 invaginated pocket. Anal hooks of prolegs without teeth or spines, and smoothly curved at angle greater than 90° (Fig. 5).

Diagnosis of Larva:

The larva of Drepanocentron dentatum can be separated from those of the other two known xiphocentronid species by the smooth, thin mesal margin of each mandible, the fan-like shape of each mesopleural lobe, and the pattern of small circles on the head. The relevance of these differences for genus-level diagnosis remains unknown because there are no other larvae known from the genus that can be compared.

38 5A 5B

5D 5E

39 5G 5F

5H Figure 5. Drepanocentron dentatum n. sp., larva. 5A, head of specimen VN69, dorsal;

5B, head of VN69, ventral; 5C, labrum of VN70, dorsal; 5D, mandibles of VN69, dorsal;

5E, mandibles of VN70, dorsal; 5F, pronotum of VN69, dorsal; 5G, right anal proleg of

VN 69, right lateral; 5F, pro- and mesopleura of VN69, right lateral.

40 Hydropsychidae Curtis, 1835

Hydropsychidae Curtis, 1835: plate 544 (text); type genus Hydropsyche Pictet, 1834.

Diagnosis of Adults:

Maxillary and labial palps, each with apical segment long, and narrowly annulate.

The ocelli are absent. The spur formula is 2-4-4. The hind wings do not taper to a point, and are usually broader than forewings; the first apical fork on the forewings is stalked

(Kachalova 1998).

Diagnosis of Larvae:

Stridulatory files are present on the ventral side of head (except in

Macronematinae: Polymorphanisini). All 3 thoracic nota are sclerotized. The abdomen has multibranched lateroventral gills. Usually there is a fan of setae on each anal proleg.

Larvae live in stationary retreats in flowing water (Dudgeon 1999; Morse 2004).

Hydromanicus Brauer, 1865

Hydromanicus Brauer, 1865: 420; type species Hydromanicus irroratus Brauer

(monobasic).

There are 71 Hydromanicus species globally, 70 from the Oriental Region, of which the larvae of only 5 species were previously known. Prommi et al. (2006) described the larva and pupa of H. adonis (Malicky & Chantaramongkol, 1996), and H. klanklini Malicky & Chantaramongkol,1993. Prommi & Permkam (2015) describe the larvae of H. abiud Malicky & Chantaramongkol, 1993, H. inferior Chantaramongkol &

41 Malicky, 1995, and H. malayanus Banks, 1931. Upon review of the larval descriptions and illustrations of these species, characters were found to separate them from one new species described here.

Diognosis of Adult:

Antennae are slightly longer than the wings, thread-like, serrate ventrally. The scape is short and not very thick. Ocelli are absent, the vertex and setal warts are bulging.

The maxillary palps are long, the basal segment is short, the three following segments are almost equally long, the last segment is as long as all the preceding segments together.

The thorax has two warts protruding behind the setal area. Middle legs of the female are not expanded, the spur formula is 2-4-4. The wings are similar to those of Hydropsyche lepida Pictet. The forewings are almost transversely truncate at the apical margins, the posterior wings are semi-elliptic, rounded at the apex, not much wider basally than the forewings, their anterior margins convex in the middle. In the hind wing the discoidal cell is also closed; the CU1 stem is close to the stem of M, as in the case of Hydropsyche, and

Fork V is quite wide. Forewing hair is as in Hydropsyche, the hind wing is hyaline

(Brauer, 1865, loosely translated from German).

Diagnosis of Larvae:

The frontoclypeus is more constricted posterior to the eyes than anteriorly.

Posterior ventral apotome is inconspicuous or significantly smaller than the anterior ventral apotome. The foretrochantins have the dorsal tine of each fork longer than the

42 ventral tine. Abdominal gills are each with about 10 filaments arising on or near the apex of the central stalk (Morse 2004).

Hydromanicus calyx, new species

Figs. 6 and 7.

Holotype, male (VN108). VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park, Vietnam,

Pheasant Falls and its tributary (16.2287°N, 107.8486°E, elev: 159 m) on 30 June 2017 by J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Hugnh D.H., and Nguyễn V.H.; deposited in the Vietnam National Museum of Nature, Hanoi, Vietnam.

Paratypes: Two adult males (VN110 and VN111), three mature larvae (VN4,

VN3, and VN121), and one younger instar (VN119), same data as for the holotype; VN4 deposited in the Vietnam Museum of Nature, all others deposited in the Clemson

University Arthropod Collection, Clemson, South Carolina, USA.

Description of Adult Male:

Maxillary palps 5-segmented. Labial palps 3-segmented. All warts on head and prothorax white and hairy. Pair of irregularly shaped warts anterior to antennae. Ovoid medial wart at anterior margin of head. Posterior of antennae, 1 nearly circular wart with small notch in anterior margin, 1 pair of elongate (3 times longer than wide) transverse, parallel-sided warts, and 1 pair of ovoid warts. Posterior margin of dorsum of head with pair of large tear-drop-shaped warts (pointy ends positioned medially). Pronotum with pair of warts, touching or nearly so medially, and tapering laterally. Each anterolateral corner of mesothorax with bulbous tegulum. Mesoscutum without warts. Mesoscutellum

43 with large white medial wart, nearly circular, but constricted in posterior half. Spur formula 2-4-4. Wings greyish-brown in alcohol.

Description of Male Genitalia:

In lateral view segment IX with notch on each posterior margin, continuing anteriorly as internal sclerotized carina; dark setae present along posterior margin dorsal and ventral to notch. Dorsum of segment 10 divided, paired structures having rounded apices with tiny sensilla ventrally. Preanal appendages slender basally, enlarged and convex subapically, covered with fine setae with large alveoli. Inferior appendages two- segmented, long, extending beyond preanal appendages and segment X; long setae present about dorsally at apex of basal segment, giving cuticle bumpy appearance; harpagones distinctly cupped. In lateral view, basal half of phallus enlarged, constricted near center, with small vertical “dewlap” subapicoventrally, apical lobes darker in color than rest of phallus (Fig. 6).

Diagnosis of Male:

This new species is morphologically most similar to Hydromanicus nieuwenhuisi

Ulmer, 1951, Hydromanicus abiud Malicky & Chantaramongkol, 1993, and

Hydromanicus serubabel Malicky & Chantaramongkol, 1993. Unlike these three

Hydromanicus species, the new species has inferior appendages with cupped harpagones.

It also lacks the upturned point on dorsum of segment X, visible in lateral view present in

H. nieuwenhuisi and H. abiud. Laterally, the connection between tergum and sternum IX is not as constricted as in H. serubabel.

44 6B 6A

6C 6D .

Figure 6. Hydromanicus calyx, male genitalia of specimen VN108.

6A, left lateral; 6B, phallus, left lateral; 6C, segment 10, dorsal; 6D, genitalia, dorsal.

Description of Larva:

Each mandibles approximately 3/4 as broad as long with large rounded teeth along mesal margin. Left mandible with brush of setae near mesal margin. In lateral view, each mandible with flattened triangular region bearing setae. Frontoclypeus with crenulated anterior margin. Corners of anterior margin of face near eyes with thick blunt setae. Hair more sparse on frontoclypeus than on lateral portions of head. Maxillae with long, thick setae on mesal margins. Labium with two pairs of setae. Ventrally, stridulatory regions spaning anterior 3/4 of head, not conspicuously tapered posteriorly.

Lateral margins of stridulatory areas each interrupted by single faint muscle scar. Faint muscle scars present on head posterior to stridulatory areas. All three nota and abdomen densely covered with mix of fine setae and stubble-like scale hairs. Setae evenly distributed, except not covering faint pattern of muscle scars on thoracic nota (alveolae visible if setae broken). Anterior margin of each thoracic notum with fringe of thick hair, margin finely crenulate (visible under only very high magnification), and crenulations obscured by hair at margin. Posterior margin of pronotum with black band and with bead- like modeling. Mesonotum with black “M” pattern on posterior margin and black edges continuing laterally before tapering. Metanotum with black “T” pattern along posterior margin and black lateral margins tapering anteriorly and posteriorly. Curved divots in exoskeleton on meso- and metanota beginning at lateral margin and sloping posteromesally. Prosternal-mesosternal intersegmental sclerites angular and somewhat tapered at lateral ends. Large prosternal sclerite anterior to intersegmental sclerites with black anterior margin and black patch mesally along posterior margin. Abdomen with

46 ventral gills as in other hydropsychids. Segments IV–VII each with 3 very small nub-like lateral gills. Segments VIII and IX with paired hook-plate-like sclerites (similar to those shown by Prommi and Permkam, 2015, figs 18 and 52). Gills present posteriorly, varying in length from specimen to specimen or possibly be retractable into pocket in abdomen.

Anal prolegs each with large fan (if setae broken, black sclerite bearing alveolae present caudally on mesal margin of proleg); claw with single, thick, black seta near base extending towards tip; two lightly colored fine setae present between black seta and claw, seta nearest claw bent away from the claw (Fig. 7).

Diagnosis of Larva:

Hydromanicus calyx larvae lack color patterns on the dorsal side of the head, unlike H. klanklini Malicky & Chantaramongkol 1993 and H. adonis Malicky & P

Chantaramongkol 1996. The new species has a straight anterior margin of the frontoclypeus, but the anterior margins of those of H. malayanus Banks 1931 are convex measly and H. abiud Malicky & Chantaramongkol 1993 are slightly asymmetrical with a convexity to the right. Of the 5 species with previously described larvae, the larva of H. calyx is morphologicaly most similar to that of H. inferior, but the new species can be distinguished by the slightly more slender intersegmental sclerites and by the presence of faint muscle scars interfering with the lateral margins of striduatory areas on the ventral side of the head. In my phylogram, larval specimen VN120 is sister H. calyx, but it likely represents a different species. It is nearly identical morphologically to H. calyx, but may possibly be separated as it seems to have a slightly shorter trunk to the T-shape on the

47 posterior margin of the metanotum. Additionally, this specimen (VN120) could possibly be H. inferior if Prommi et al. (2006) did not notice the faint muscle scar interfering with the lateral margin of each striduatory area on the ventral side of the head. My specimens were cleared during the DNA extraction process, this may make this character easier to see.

Etymology: The species is named Hydromanicus calyx, with calyx meaning “cup” in Latin, referring to the cup-shaped apices of the inferior appendages of the male.

48 7A 7B

7C 7D

7F 7E

49 7G 7H

7I 7J

Figure 7. Hydromanicus calyx, larva of specimen VN4 except 7J of specimen VN3. 7A,

head, dorsal; 7B, head, ventral; 7C, pronotum, dorsal; 7D, mesonotum, dorsal; 7E,

metanotum, dorsal; 7F, inset of anterior margin of mesonotum, dorsal; 7G, prosternal

sclerites, ventral; 7H, mandibles, dorsal; 7I, habitus, right lateral; 7J, right anal proleg,

right lateral.

50 Cheumatopsyche Wallengren, 1891

Cheumatopsyche Wallengren, 1891: p 138, 142; type species Hydropsyche lepida FJ

Pictet (monobasic).

Morse et al.’s (2017) list of southeastern U.S. Trichoptera includes 32 species of

Cheumatopsyche—22 of these are found in North and/or South Carolina, but larvae of 11

(50%) of them have not been described. Many of those have been described only tentatively in morphotype groups, possibly containing multiple species.

Diagnosis of Larvae:

Anteromedian projection absent from anterior ventral apotome. Posterior ventral apotome very small, inconspicuous. Foretrochantins forked. Prosternum usually with pair of small intersegmental sclerites and frontoclypeus usually with mesal notch (if intersegmental sclerites large, notch is always present; if notch is absent, intersegmental sclerites always small). Abdominal gills each with approximately 10 filaments arising mostly near apex of central strunk. (Morse et al. 2017 and Morse & Holzenthal 2008).

Cheumatopsyche oxa Ross, 1938

Larva examined (MG20). USA: NC: Transylvania County: Davidson River; east of Wildlife Center, upstream of John Rock branch. 35.28384° N, 82.788852° W. Col. 4-

Jan-2017 C. Wrege. Deposited in the Clemson University Arthropod Collection.

Description of Larva (Fig. 8).

Labrum rounded, with a conspicuous brush of golden setae at each lateral margin, extending anteriorly; labrum sometimes contracted beneath frontoclypeus. Anterior

51 margin of frontoclypeus with about 9 crenulations on either side of mesal notch; small

hairs between each crenulation, hair between mesal most crenulations about level with

base of notch, slightly anterior. Dorsum of head brown color except for pale yellowish

areas around eyes, at posteriolateral corners of head, and an asymmetrical patch centrally

on frontoclypeus, and pattern of faint , ovoid muscle scars on frontoclypeus. Prosternum

with pair of small triangular intersegmental sclerites (typical of most Cheumatopsyche).

Larger median intersegental sclerite with dark band at anterior margin, and darkend semi-

rectangular patch posteriorly; posterior margin of sclerite slightly convex, nearly straight.

8C 8A

Figure 8. Larva of Cheumatopsyche oxa, specimen MG20. A. Head, dorsal; B. Anterior margin of frontoclypeus, dorsal; intersegmental sclerites, ventral.

52 Cheumatopsyche pinaca Ross, 1941

Larva examined (MG65). USA: NC: Transylvania County: Davidson River; 1st fishing pull-off on 276. 35.274397° N, 82.707892 ° W. Col. 5-Jan-2017 C. Wrege.

Deposited in the Clemson University Arthropod Collection.

Description of larva (Fig. 9)

Labrum rounded, with a conspicuous brush of golden setae at each lateral margin, extending anteriorly; labrum sometimes contracted beneath frontoclypeus. Anterior margin of frontoclypeus with about 7 crenulations on either side of mesal notch; small hairs between each crenulation, hair between mesal most crenulations about level with base of notch, slightly anterior. Dorsum of head brown color except for pale yellowish areas around eyes, at posteriolateral corners of head, and pattern of faint, ovoid muscle scars on frontoclypeus. Prosternum with pair of small triangular intersegmental sclerites

(typical of most Cheumatopsyche). Larger median intersegental sclerite with dark band at anterior margin, and darkend semi rectangular patch posteriorly; posterior margin of sclerite concave.

53 9B

9A 9C

Figure 9. Larva of Cheumatopsyche pinaca, specimen MG65. A. Head, dorsal; B.

Anterior margin of frontoclypeus, dorsal; intersegmental sclerites, ventral.

54 CHAPTER FIVE

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS

Ideally, when describing new species the following three criteria should be met:

First, each character state must be distinct for its respective species, without intermediates. Secondly, each character state must not be correlated with observed environmental factors, such that the characters are consistent in specimens of a given species from different geographic locations and habitats types (as assigned by the habitat assessment). This can be evaluated by creating a scatter plot of barcoded larvae with the habitat score of the inhabited stream. For example, if caddis larvae of the same morphotype are found only in particular environmental conditions (as per the habitat assessment), I would support the hypothesis that the morphotype’s character(s) is/are influenced by the environment and/or geography and is/are not reliably diagnostic for a species. Finally, the characters meeting the first two criteria must be coordinated with each other in multiple specimens of the same presumed species. For example, if presumed species A has characters 1, 2, and 3, all specimens of that presumed species must always have all three, and not some other combination. However, because each larvae-adult association made in this thesis were each collected from the same location, and due to the small number of larval specimens from each species, I could not test the final two criteria. However, I would assume that collecting larvae and adult specimens from the same location increases the likelihood that they are the same species.

55 Trichoptera of Vietnam

In this thesis I was able to associate and describe the adult males and larvae for two new species, Drepanocentron dentatum n. sp. (Xiphocentronidae) and Hydromanicus calyx n. sp. (Hydropsychidae). This is particularly exciting as there has never before been a larva of Drepanocentron known to science. Based on shared characters with the 2 other known larvae of xiphocentronid genera, I was able to hypothesize shared family-level characters as well. The Hydromanicus species described is only the sixth species for which the larva is now known in this mostly Oriental genus.

I am excited about the opportunity to continue describing some of the additional species collected from Vietnam. I am still uncertain about the identification of the

Pseudoleptonema quinquefasciatum (Martynov, 1935), the adult and larval morphology varies slightly from the descriptions available in the literature. It would be worthwhile to describe the morphology of this species, whether to show morphological variation within

P. quinquefasciatum, or as a new species.

Additionally, the Pseudoneureclipsis larvae in my samples can be described. They must be either P. abia Malicky & Chantaramongkol, 1993, or P. ramosa Ulmer, 1913, as adult specimens from BOLD of these two species matched on all trees with my larvae, with very short branch lengths on the phylogram (Fig. 3). I hope to contact the facilities at which these specimens are vouchered to confirm correct identification and possibly to borrow the vouchers for closer observation.

There are numerous adult specimens collected in Vietnam that still are awaiting identification, and several new species that I hope to continue to help describe. There

56 were also many larvae collected for which I did not have time or funding to continue barcoding; these along with more adults could continue to be associated by me or others in the Morse or Pham labs in the future.

Some initial research into surface water quality in the country has been explored, pertaining to the Nhue and Day sub-river systems, including chemical parameters such as dissolved oxygen, nutrients, and fecal coliform (Hanh et al. 2010). I hope that in the future, if the aquatic fauna in Vietnam continues to be studied by Dr. Pham and his students, or other local scientists, Vietnam can begin to use these animals to monitor water quality in their country. The benefits of using benthic macroinvretebrates for this purpose are well known, and allow for a more long-term reflection of the health of the system than chemical tests alone provide (Lenat & Penrose 1996, Resh & Unzicker

1975). I think that Vietnam is a good candidate for developing its own water quality monitoring program in the future, although the Vietnamese may have to adapt collection methods to accommodate regional physical, chemical, infrastructural, and social characteristics. Compared to streams with which I am most familiar in North and South

Carolina, many of the streams in Vietnam had bedrock bottoms, or large boulders, or silty and/or grassy bottoms, few had the loose cobble mixed with gravel that is more typical here in the southeastern United States. I am not sure if this is the natural state of their streams, or if this is due to human impairment or disturbance to the stream bed.

All Vietnamese caddisfly collecting for this project was conducted within two

National Parks, Bąch Mã and Cúc Phuöng. The streams in Bąch Mã were more pristine than those in Cúc Phuöng. Bąch Mã had an average stream score of 181.25 on the habitat

57 assessment with the lowest score being 166. Cúc Phuöng’s average score was 156, with the lowest score being 107. The higher the score the more optimal the stream is, with a perfect score being 120. All of the streams we sampled fell into the optimal or suboptimal categories; this was because we were targeting streams the Vietnamese could use in the future as referece sites, and because we wanted to visit streams with high macroinvertebrate diversity due to the time constraints of travel. It should be noted that there were several streams in Cúc Phuöng for which we did not collect specimens or conduct habitat assessments because we could visually see the water quality was poor, due to algal blooms, trash, manure smell, and other issues; such that if all streams in the park were sampled the average score would likely be much lower. The most impacted streams were associated with high population density and rice agriculture in Cúc Phuöng, whereas Bąch Mã was high in the mountains and more protected from agriculture and human impact. Future outreach to the general public on agricultural best practices such as keeping animals away from the stream and filtering or allowing water exiting the rice paddies to settle before entering the streams or rivers may help clean the water, as well as provide local residents with a safer source of drinking water. The addition of a limit to the number of people allowed to take up new residence within the parks may also lend additional protection to the natural systems preserved in the parks.

This work is an exciting start to trichopterology in Vietnam. When Dr. Pham invited Dr. Morse and lab to visit, we were excited for the opportunity. Dr. Morse and students have always taken the perspective that it is better to share knowledge with local

58 scientists about how they can discover the fauna in their region, so that after the field experience ends, local scientists can continue to learn and research the local fauna.

Cheumatopsyche of North and South Carolina

Of the 22 species of Cheumatopsyche known from North and/or South Carolina, I have collected 8 species. For 7 of these species I was able to obtain DNA and include them in my analysis. Of these, larvae of four species (C. harwoodi Denning, 1948; C. enigma Ross et al. 1972; C. pinaca Ross, 1941; and C. oxa Ross, 1938) were matched with adults of the same species via DNA. According to a personal communication with

Dr. John Morse (2017) species with both high and low pollution tolerance are thought to be found in pristine streams, whereas species with low pollution tolerance are found only in pristine streams; however, this has not been tested. All streams in which these

Cheumatopsyche were collected scored as “Optimal” in the habitat assessment, the most pristine of the four categories. It is likely that the low-tolerant species are in much higher abundance and diversity in these streams than other taxa. I hypothesize that all the species I collected have low pollution tolerance, so that sampling of suboptimal, marginal, and poor streams may lead to collection of additional species. According to the intermediate disturbance hypothesis (Connell, 1978), slightly disturbed ecosystems have higher species diversity than pristine or highly disturbed sites. It would be an interesting follow-up study to test if suboptimal streams sometimes yield higher species diversity than pristine streams.

59 It was tremendously difficult to amplify DNA from these specimens. Many attempts were unsuccessful. I tried to extract and amplify DNA from 99 Cheumatopsyche specimens, but only 31 attempts were successful. I experienced a “steep learning curve.”

For 7 of the 8 species collected, I was able to obtain DNA, so I do not believe the primers were the issue. The larvae were particularly difficult. Initially I included the whole body of the animal in the extraction. However, when only the head and thorax were used and duration of the water bath increased, I saw increased success. This could be because the muscle was better exposed to the extraction fluid; or it could be that something in the abdomen was carried through the extraction process that somehow inhibited amplification during PCR; alternatively, the added water-bath time allowed for a more complete reaction. Improved success was likely a combination of some of these factors, but the individual modifications were not tested objectively.

It is unfortunate that I was not able to include the larval species diagnosis of the various Cheumatopsyche species I associated in this thesis. However, these results are still worth discussing. The larvae of Cheumatopsyche are somewhat well known for being morphologically similar, and also extremely challenging to separate using DNA. In

Burington’s MS thesis (2011), he discussed a personal communication with Zhou, and stated “the sequence divergence between species is slight or not apparent in most complexes of Nearctic Cheumatopsyche …so using this method for association is not possible for those groups”. I was surprised by the confidence Burington expressed in this statement and reached out to him and Zhou for more information.

60 Zhou responded, “The issue with Cheumatopsyche is somewhat complicated… the major issue is that the species boundaries for many Cheumatopsyche spp. are not solid. One would need integrative evidence to determine species boundaries for this genus, including morphology, ecology, biology, and DNA (e.g., barcodes)”. This suggests that if the species boundaries are not clear, more work may be needed to separate and more strongly define the adult species before the larvae can be described. If the DNA sequences are very similar, making the species difficult to separate, perhaps the species in this genus have only recently evolutionarily diverged, or there are many more names than true species.

With the exception of C. harwoodi and C. enigma, most species of

Cheumatopsyche in my analyses created monophyletic species groups, and thus were separable by DNA. All C. harwoodi added from BOLD came out monophyletic with each other, but not with my specimens of C. harwoodi and C. enigma. Gordon (1974) considered C. enigma to be a subspecies of C. harwoodi, but Flint et al. (2004) revalidated them as two distinct species. Specimens are challenging to separate, especially the females, as there are many intermediates. An alternative hypothesis is that the intermediates represent hybrids.

Zhou based much of his work on Neighbor Joining, rather than phylogenetic analysis. According to Huelsenbeck (1995) phylogenetic trees are better for reconstructing evolutionary relationships than neighbor-joining because it is a more robust analysis, it is more likely to “estimate the correct phylogeny even when the assumptions of the phylogenetic method are violated”, this is especially important

61 because “the idealized assumptions underlying phylogenetic methods are most likely violated with real data”. Therefore, the difference in the analysis used may account for why I was able to separate species of Chumatopsyche, while Zhou did not get as clear distinctions.

In a personal communication with Burington, he warned me of the difficulties he had attempting to find characters to separate Cheumatopsyche species, urging me to include other groups in my thesis in case Cheumatopsyche cannot be separated morphologically. He said most of the characters he used in his thesis were from the head and thoracic plates, but suggested that I may find more on the legs and anal prolegs.

I have spent many hours looking for characters to separate the larval species associated in my tree from each other and from larval species in the literature. I have not yet found characters that can separate them. However, I feel optimistic that since I have been able to separate species via DNA, that with additional time and close observation, characters can be found. When illustrating the larvae of C. pinaca and C. oxa I found differences in the color patterns on the dorsum of the head, and in the shape of the posterior margin of the large median intersegmental sclerite. I need to test these characters against other specimens of the same species (because I only had 1 larva each of C. pinaca and C. oxa) and different species, and would like to barrow additional voucher specimens from BOLD. Future evaluation of the setae viewed with cleared and slide mounted specimens as described by Schefter & Wiggins (1987) and Mackay (1978) may add momentum to the character search. Burington also suggested I try evaluating the anal prolegs, and other characters not as well discussed in the literature for this group. I

62 am hopeful that given more time that a closer inspection of morphology of these larvae may yield characters to separate them. Unfortunately, this will take much more time than afforded a typical Master’s degree, thus I plan to continue to work on these species after graduation, and to describe these larvae in a subsequent publication.

63 APPENDICES

64 CUAC # extraction # PCR # Taxon Life Stage/ sex Collection Info. Sequence AACTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGAATCTGAGCCGGAATAGTAGGAACTTCATTAAGAATGATTATTCGCTCT GAATTGAGAATGACAGAATCTTTAATTAAAAATGATCAAATTTATAATGTTTTAGTTACTGCCCATGCTT TTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTAATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGGTTTGGGAATTGATTAGTACCTCTAATA ATTGGAGCCCCTGATATAGCATTCCCTCGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGACTCCTGCCCCCTTCTTTAA ATTTTCTCTTAATTAGATCTCTTGTAGAAAGAGGAACAGGAACTGGATGAACAGTTTATCCCCCTCTTTC TAGAAATTTAAGTCATGCTGGAGCTTCAGTAGATATCTCAATTTTTTCATTACATTTAGCAGGAATTTCTT CAATTTTAGGGGCTATTAACTTTATTTCTACAACTTTAAATATACGAAGTAACTTAATTACATTAGATCG TATTCCTTTATTTGTATGATCAGTAGCAATTACAGCTTTACTTTTATTACTATCTCTTCCTGTTTTAGCAG USA: NC: Jackson Co. Balsam Mtn. Preserve, Sugarloaf Cr. behind Morse GAGCTATTACCATACTTCTTACTGACCGTAATTTAAATACATCATTTTTTGACCCATCTGGTGGTGGAGA JCM006 11VN9 Neophylax larva Property. Col. Genco and Morse 18-Mar-2016 CCCTATTTTATACCAACATTTATTT AACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCTGGATTAGTAGGATCTTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTG AACTTAGAACCCCAGGATCCTTAATTGGGAATGACCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCCCACGCATT TATTATAATTTTTTTCATAGTTATGCCCATTATAATTGGAGGGTTTGGAAACTGATTAGTTCCTTTAATAT TAGGATCACCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTCGAATAAATAACTTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCTCTACTT CTTTTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCAGGAGCTGGAACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCTCCTTTATCGT CTAACCTTTCTCATTTAGGAAGATCCGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATTTCATCA ATTTTAGGGGCCATTAATTTTATCACTACATCCTTCAATATAAAAATTAATAAATTAAATTACGAAATCC TTCCCCTCTTTGTCTGATCAGTTGCTATTACTGCTGTTCTTCTTCTCTTATCCCTTCCTGTATTAGCCGGTG USA: SC: Pickens Co.: Rocky Bottom: Eastatoe Creek. Col. 11-Jul-2016 M CAATTACTATATTATTAACAGATCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTCTTT---- MG14 5MG2 Cheumatopsyche gyra adult female Genco ????????????????????????????????????????? AACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCAGGATTAGTCGGGTCTTCTTTAAGATTTCTCATTCGAATTG AACTTAGAACACCAGGGTCTTTAATCGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCCCA?GCGTT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCCATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGCAATTGATTAGTCCCTTTAATAT TAGGATCACCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTCGAATAAATAATCTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCATTACTT CTTTTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCAGGAGCTGGTACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCTCCTCTATCAT CTAATCTATCCCATCTCGGAAGATCAGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCCGGTATTTCATCA ATTTTAGGGGCAATTAATTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAGATTAATAAATTAAATTATGAAATCC

TTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCTATTACTGCCATCTTATTACTCCTATCTCTACCAGTTCTAGCTGGCG Voucher Information USA: SC: Pickens Co.: Rocky Bottom: Eastatoe Creek. Col. 11-Jul-2016 M CAATTACTATATTATTAACAGATCGAAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGAGGGGATCC 000030971 MG17 6MG3 Cheumatopsyche larva Genco TATTCTATACCAACATTTATTT AACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCAGGATTAGTTGGATCTTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTG Appendix A 65 AACTTAGAACTCCTGGATCTTTAATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCACACGCATT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATGCCTATTATAATTGGGGGATTCGGCAATTGATTAGTTCCTTTAATAT TAGGCTCACCAGACATAGCCTTTCCTCGAATAAATAATCTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCATTACTT CTTCTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAACTCAGGAGCTGGTACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCCCCTCTATCAT CTAATTTATCCCACCTTGGAAGATCAGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATTTCATCA ATTTTAGGAGCAATTAACTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAAATTAATAAATTAAATTATGAAATTC TTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCCATTACTGCCATTTTATTACTTCTATCTCTCCCTGTTCTCGCAGGCG USA: SC: Oconnee Co: Walhalla State Fish Hatchery. Col. Genco & Lewis 11- CAATTACTATATTACTGACAGATCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCTGGAGGAGGAGATCC 000030972 MG18 6MG4 Cheumatopsyche pinaca adult female Aug-2016 TATTTTATACCAACATTTATTT AACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCAGGATTAGTTGGATCTTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTG AACTTAGAACTCCTGGATCTTTAATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCACACGCATT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATGCCTATTATAATTGGGGGATTCGGCAATTGATTAGTTCCTTTAATAT TAGGCTCACCAGACATAGCCTTTCCTCGAATAAATAATCTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCATTACTT CTTCTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAACTCAGGAGCTGGTACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCCCCTCTATCAT CTAATTTATCCCACCTTGGAAGATCAGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATTTCATCA ATTTTAGGAGCAATTAACTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAAATTAATAAATTAAATTATGAAATTC TTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCCATTACTGCCATTTTATTACTTCTATCTCTCCCTGTTCTCGCAGGCG USA: SC: Oconnee Co: Walhalla State Fish Hatchery. Col. Genco & Lewis 11- CAATTACTATATTACTGACAGATCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCTGGAGGAGGAGATCC 000030973 MG19 6MG5 Cheumatopsyche pinaca adult female Aug-2016 TATTTTATACCAACATTTATTT AACTCTTTACTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCCGGATTAGTTGGATCTTCTTTAAGATTCCTTATTCGAATTG AACTTAGAACCCCAGGGTCTTTAATCGGAAATGACCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCTCATGCGTT TATTATGATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTCGGCAATTGATTAGTCCCTTTAATAT TAGGATCCCCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTCGAATAAATAATTTAAGATTTTGATTCCTACCCCCCTCATTACTT CTCCTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCTGGAGCTGGCACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCACCCCTATCAT CTAATCTATCTCATCTCGGAAGATCCGTAGATCTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATTTCATCA ATTTTAGGAGCAATTAATTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAGATTAATAAATTAAATTATGAAATTC TTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCCATTACTGCCGTTTTATTACTCCTATCTCTCCCAGTTTTAGCTGGCG USA: NC: Transylvania co.: Davidson River; east of Wildlife Center, upstream CAATCACTATATTATTAACAGACCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTCGACCCAGCAGGAGGGGGGGATCC 000031021 MG20 7MG1 Cheumatopsyche larva of John Rock branch. 35.28384° N, 82.788852° W. Col. C. Wrege 4-Jan-2017 TATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT AACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCAGGATTAGTCGGATCTTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTG AACTTAGAACACCAGGATCTTTAATCGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCCCATGCGTT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCCATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGCAATTGATTAGTCCCTTTAATAT TAGGGTCACCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTCGGATAAATAATCTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCATTACTT CTTTTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCAGGAGCTGGCACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCTCCTCTATCAT CTAATCTATCTCATCTCGGAAGATCAGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCCGGTATTTCATCA ATTTTAGGGGCAATTAATTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAGATTAATAAATTAAATTATGAAATTC TTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCTATTACTGCCATCTTATTACTTCTATCCCTACCAGTTCTAGCTGGCG USA: NC: Transylvania co.: Davidson River; east of Wildlife Center, upstream CAATTACTATATTATTAACAGATCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGAGGGGATCC MG23 7MG24 Cheumatopsyche larva of John Rock branch. 35.28384° N, 82.788852° W. Col. C. Wrege 4-Jan-2017 TATTCTATACCAACATTTATTT TTTCGGAATTTGATCAGGATTAGTCGGGTCTTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTGAACTTAGAACACCA GGATCTTTAATCGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCCCATGCGTTTATTATAATTTTTTT TATAGTTATACCCATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGCAATTGATTAGTCCCTTTAATATTAGGGTCACCAGAT ATAGCTTTCCCTCGGATAAATAATCTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCATTACTTCTTTTAATTTTAAG AAGAATAATAAATTCAGGAGCTGGCACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCTCCTCTATCATCTAATCTATCTCAT CTCGGAAGATCAGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCCGGTATTTCATCAATTTTAGGGGCAAT TAATTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAGATTAATAAATTAAATTATGAAATTCTTCCTCTTTTTGTTT GATCAGTTGCTATTACTGCCATCTTATTACTTCTATCCCTACCAGTTCTAGCTGGCGCAATTACTATATTA USA: NC: Transylvania co.: Davidson River; east of Wildlife Center, upstream TTAACAGATCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGAGGGGATCCT---- MG24 7MG25 Cheumatopsyche larva of John Rock branch. 35.28384° N, 82.788852° W. Col. C. Wrege 4-Jan-2017 ????????????????? AACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCAGGATTAGTCGGGTCTTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTG AACTTAGAACACCAGGATCTTTAATCGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCCCATGCGTT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCCATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGCAATTGATTAGTCCCTTTAATAT TAGGGTCACCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTCGGATAAATAATCTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCATTACTT CTTTTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCAGGAGCTGGCACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCTCCTCTATCAT CTAATCTATCTCATCTCGGAAGATCAGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCCGGTATTTCATCA ATTTTAGGGGCAATTAATTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAGATTAATAAATTAAATTATGAAATTC TTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCTATTACTGCCATCTTATTACTTCTATCCCTACCAGTTCTAGCTGGCG USA: NC: Transylvania co.: Davidson River; east of Wildlife Center, upstream CAATTACTATATTATTAACAGATCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGAGGGGATCC 000031026 MG25 7MG6 Cheumatopsyche larva of John Rock branch. 35.28384° N, 82.788852° W. Col. C. Wrege 4-Jan-2017 T----????????????????? AACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCCGGATTAGTCGGATCTTCTTTAAGATTCCTTATTCGAATTG AACTCAGAACTCCAGGGTCTTTAATTGGAAATGACCAAATTTATAATGTAATTGTTACTTCTCATGCATT 66 TATTATAATTTTCTTTATAGTTATACCCATTATAATCGGAGGATTTGGAAACTGATTAGTTCCTTTAATAT TAGGATCCCCAGATATAGCCTTCCCTCGAATAAATAATTTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCTCCTTCATTACTT CTTTTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCAGGAGCTGGCACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCTCCATTATCAT CTAATCTATCCCACCTAGGAAGATCAGTAGATTTAACTATTTTCTCTCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATCTCATCA ATTTTAGGAGCAATTAATTTCATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAAATTAATAAATTAAATTATGAAATTC TTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTAGCTATTACTGCCGTTTTACTTCTATTATCCCTGCCTGTTTTAGCTGGCG USA: NC: Jackson Co.: Balsam Mtn. Preserve, Dark Ridge Creek. 35.40213° CGATTACTATATTACTAACAGATCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGATCCAGCAGGAGGAGGAGACCC 000031027 MG26 7MG7 Cheumatopsyche pasella adult female N, 83.09045°. Col. Genco & Morse 20-Jul-2016 TATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT

TCGGAATTTGATCAGGATTAGTTGGATCTTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTGAACTTAGAACTCCTGG ATCTTTAATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCACATGCATTTATTATAATTTTTTTTA TAGTTATACCTATTATAATTGGGGGATTCGGCAATTGATTAGTTCCTTTAATATTAGGTTCACCAGACAT AGCCTTTCCTCGAATAAATAATCTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCTCCCTCATTACTTCTTCTAATTTTAAGAA GAATAATAAATTCAGGAGCTGGTACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCTCCTCTATCATCTAATTTATCCCACCT TGGAAGATCAGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATTTCATCAATTTTAGGAGCAATTA ACTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAAATTAATAAATTAAATTATGAAATTCTTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGA USA: SC: Pickens Co.: Clemson Experimental Forest: Wildcat Creek, 34.7561° TCAGTTGCCATTACTGCCATTTTATTACTTCTATCTCTCCCTGTTCTCGCGGGCGCAATTACTATATTACT 000031028 MG27 7MG8 Cheumatopsyche pinaca adult female N, 82.8562° W. Col. Genco 19Sep-2016 GACAGATCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGATCCAGCTGGAGGAGGAGATCCTAT--????????????????? AACTCTTTACTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCCGGATTAGTTGGATCTTCTTTAAGATTCCTTATTCGAATTG AACTTAGAACTCCAGGGTCTTTAATCGGAAATGACCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCTCATGCATT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTCGGCAATTGATTAGTCCCTTTAATAT TAGGATCGCCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTCGAATAAATAATTTAAGATTTTGATTCTTGCCCCCCTCATTACTT CTCCTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCTGGAGCTGGCACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCACCCCTATCAT CTAACCTATCTCATCTCGGAAGATCCGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATTTCATCA ATTTTAGGAGCAATTAATTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAGATTAATAAACTAAATTATGAAATTC TTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCCATTACTGCCGTTTTATTACTCCTATCTCTCCCAGTTTTAGCTGGCG USA: SC: Pickens Co.: Table Rock St. Park, Carrick Creek. 35.031348° N, CAATCACTATATTATTAACAGACCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTCGACCCAGCAGGAGGGGGGGATCC 000031030 MG29 7MG10 Cheumatopsyche pasella adult female 82.700056° W. Col. Genco, Qiu, & Zhau 29-Jul-2016 TATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT AACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCTGGATTAGTAGGATCTTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTG AACTTAGAACCCCAGGATCCTTAATTGGGAATGACCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCCCACGCATT TATTATAATTTTTTTCATAGTTATGCCCATTATAATTGGAGGGTTTGGAAACTGATTAGTTCCTTTAATAT TAGGATCACCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTCGAATAAATAACTTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCTCTACTT CTTTTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCAGGAGCTGGAACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCTCCTTTATCGT CTAACCTTTCTCATTTAGGAAGATCCGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATTTCATCA ATTTTAGGGGCCATTAATTTTATCACTACATCCTTCAATATAAAAATTAATAAATTAAATTACGAAATCC TTCCCCTCTTTGTCTGATCAGTTGCTATTACTGCTGTTCTTCTTCTCTTATCCCTTCCTGTATTAGCCGGTG USA: NC: Jackson Co.: Balsam Mtn. Preserve, Dark Ridge Creek. 35.40213° CAATTACTATATTATTAACAGATCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTCTTTGACCCAGCTGGAGGGGGTGACCC 000031031 MG30 7MG11 Cheumatopsyche gyra adult female N, 83.09045°. Col. Genco & Morse 20-Jul-2016 CATCTTATACCAACATTTATTT AACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCAGGATTAGTCGGGTCTTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTG AACTTAGAACACCAGGATCTTTAATCGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCCCATGCGTT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCCATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGCAATTGATTAGTCCCTTTAATAT TAGGGTCACCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTCGGATAAATAATCTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCATTACTT CTTTTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCAGGAGCTGGCACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCTCCTCTATCAT CTAATCTATCTCACCTCGGAAGATCAGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCCGGTATTTCATCA ATTTTAGGGGCAATTAATTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAGATTAATAAATTAAATTATGAAATTC TTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCTATTACTGCCATCTTATTACTTCTATCCCTACCAGTTCTAGCTGGCG USA: NC: Jackson Co.: Balsam Mtn. Preserve, Dark Ridge Creek. 35.40213° CAATTACTATATTATTAACAGATCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGAGGGGATCC 000031032 MG31 7MG12 Cheumatopsyche pasella adult female N, 83.09045°. Col. Genco & Morse 20-Jul-2016 TATTCTATACCAACATTTATTT AACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCTGGATTAGTAGGATCTTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTG AACTTAGAACCCCAGGATCCTTAATTGGGAATGACCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCCCATGCATT TATTATAATTTTTTTCATAGTTATGCCCATTATAATTGGAGGGTTTGGAAACTGATTAGTTCCTTTAATAC TAGGATCACCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTCGAATAAATAACTTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCACTTCTT CTTTTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCAGGAGCTGGGACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCTCCTTTATCGT CTAATCTTTCTCATTTAGGAAGATCCGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATTTCATCA ATTTTAGGAGCCATTAATTTCATCACTACATCCTTCAATATAAAAATTAATAAATTAAATTACGAAATCC TTCCCCTCTTTGTCTGATCAGTTGCTATTACCGCTGTTCTTCTTCTTTTATCCCTTCCTGTATTAGCCGGTG USA: SC: Pickens Co.: Table Rock St. Park, Carrick Creek. 35.031348° N, CAATTACTATATTATTAACAGATCGAAATTTAAATACATCTTTCTTTGACCCAGCTGGAGGGGGTGACCC 000031111 MG40 9MG1 Cheumatopsyche gyra adult female 82.700056° W. Col. Genco 29-Jul-2016 CATCTTATACCAACATTTATTT AACTCTTTACTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCCGGATTAGTTGGATCTTCTTTAAGATTCCTTATTCGAATTG AACTTAGAACTCCAGGGTCTTTAATCGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCTCATGCATT 67 TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTCGGCAATTGATTAGTCCCTTTAATAT TAGGATCGCCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTCGAATAAATAATTTAAGATTTTGATTCTTACCCCCCTCATTACTT CTCCTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCTGGAGCTGGCACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCACCCCTATCAT CTAACCTATCTCATCTTGGAAGATCCGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATTTCATCA ATTTTAGGAGCAATTAATTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAGATTAATAAACTAAATTATGAAATTC TTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCCATTACTGCCGTTTTATTACTCCTATCTCTCCCAGTTTTAGCTGGCG USA: SC: Pickens Co.: Table Rock St. Park, Carrick Creek. 35.031348° N, CAATCACTATATTATTAACAGACCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTCGACCCAGCAGGAGGGGGGGATCC 000031113 MG42 9MG3 Cheumatopsyche pasella adult female 82.700056° W. Col. Genco 29-Jul-2016 TATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT AACTCTTTACTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCCGGATTAGTTGGATCTTCTTTAAGATTCCTTATTCGAATTG AACTTAGAACTCCAGGGTCTTTAATCGGAAATGACCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCTCATGCATT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTCGGCAATTGATTAGTCCCTTTAATAT TAGGATCGCCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTCGAATAAATAATTTAAGATTTTGATTCTTGCCCCCCTCATTACTT CTCCTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCTGGAGCTGGCACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCACCCCTATCAT CTAACCTATCTCATCTCGGAAGATCCGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATTTCATCA ATTTTAGGAGCAATTAATTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAGATTAATAAATTAAATTATGAAATTC TTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCCATTACTGCCGTTTTATTACTCCTATCTCTCCCAGTTTTAGCTGGCG USA: SC: Pickens Co.: Table Rock St. Park, Carrick Creek. 35.031348° N, CAATCACTATATTATTAACAGACCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTCGACCCAGCAGGAGGGGGGGATCC 000031117 MG46 9MG7 Cheumatopsyche pasella adult male 82.700056° W. Col. Genco 29-Jul-2016 TATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT AACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCTGGATTAGTAGGATCTTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTG AACTTAGAACCCCAGGATCCTTAATTGGGAATGACCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCCCATGCATT TATTATAATTTTTTTCATAGTTATGCCCATTATAATTGGAGGGTTTGGAAACTGATTAGTTCCTTTAATAC TAGGATCACCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTCGAATAAATAACTTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCACTTCTT CTTTTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCAGGAGCTGGGACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCTCCTTTATCGT CTAATCTTTCTCATTTAGGAAGATCCGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATTTCATCA ATTTTAGGAGCCATTAATTTCATCACTACATCCTTCAATATAAAAATTAATAAATTAAATTACGAAATCC TTCCCCTCTTTGTCTGATCAGTTGCTATTACCGCTGTTCTTCTTCTTTTATCCCTTCCTGTATTAGCCGGTG USA: SC: Pickens Co.: Table Rock St. Park, Carrick Creek. 35.031348° N, CAATTACTATATTATTAACAGATCGAAATTTAAATACATCTTTCTTTGACCCAGCTGGAGGGGGTGACCC 000031119 MG48 9MG9 Cheumatopsyche gyra adult 82.700056° W. Col. Genco 29-Jul-2016 CATCTTATACCAACATTTATTT AACTCTTTACTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCCGGATTAGTTGGATCTTCTTTAAGATTCCTTATTCGAATTG AACTTAGAACTCCAGGGTCTTTAATCGGAAATGACCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCTCATGCATT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTCGGCAATTGATTAGTCCCTTTAATAT TAGGATCGCCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTCGAATAAATAATTTAAGATTTTGATTCTTGCCCCCCTCATTACTT CTCCTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCTGGAGCTGGCACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCACCCCTATCAT CTAACCTATCTCATCTCGGAAGATCCGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATTTCATCA ATTTTAGGAGCAATTAATTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAGATTAATAAACTAAATTATGAAATTC TTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCCATTACTGCCGTTTTATTACTCCTATCTCTCCCAGTTTTAGCTGGCG USA: SC: Pickens Co.: Table Rock St. Park, Carrick Creek. 35.031348° N, CAATCACTATATTATTAACAGACCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGGGGGGATCC 000031121 MG50 9MG11 Cheumatopsyche pasella adult female 82.700056° W. Col. Genco 29-Jul-2016 TATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT AACTCTTTACTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCCGGATTAGTTGGATCTTCTTTAAGATTCCTTATTCGAATTG AACTTAGAACTCCAGGGTCTTTAATCGGAAATGACCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCTCATGCATT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTCGGCAATTGATTAGTCCCTTTAATAT TAGGATCGCCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTCGAATAAATAATTTAAGATTTTGATTCTTGCCCCCCTCATTACTT CTCCTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCTGGAGCTGGCACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCACCCCTATCAT CTAACCTATCTCATCTCGGAAGATCCGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATTTCATCA ATTTTAGGAGCAATTAATTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAGATTAATAAACTAAATTATGAAATTC TTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCCATTACTGCCGTTTTATTACTCCTATCTCTCCCAGTTTTAGCTGGCG USA: SC: Pickens Co.: Table Rock St. Park, Carrick Creek. 35.031348° N, CAATCACTATATTATTAACAGACCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTCGACCCAGCAGGAGGGGGGGATCC 000031122 MG51 9MG12 Cheumatopsyche pasella adult female 82.700056° W. Col. Genco 29-Jul-2016 TATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT AACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCAGGATTAGTTGGATCTTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTG AACTTAGAACTCCTGGATCTTTAATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCACACGCATT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATGCCTATTATAATTGGGGGATTCGGCAATTGATTAGTTCCTTTAATAT TAGGCTCACCAGACATAGCCTTTCCTCGAATAAATAATCTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCATTACTT CTTCTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAACTCAGGAGCTGGTACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCCCCTCTATCAT CTAATTTATCCCACCTTGGAAGATCAGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATTTCATCA ATTTTAGGAGCAATTAACTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAAATTAATAAATTAAATTATGAAATTC TTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCCATTACTGCCATTTTATTACTTCTATCTCTCCCTGTTCTCGCAGGCG USA: NC: Transylvania co.: Davidson River; 1st fishing pull-off on 276. CAATTACTATATTACTGACAGATCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCTGGAGGAGG----- MG65 10MG21 Cheumatopsyche larva 35.274397° N, 82.707892 ° W. Col. C. Wrege 5-Jan-2017 ??????????????????????? AACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCAGGATTAGTCGGATCTTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTG AACTTAGAACTCCTGGATCTTTAATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCACATGCATT 68 TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATGCCTATTATAATTGGGGGATTCGGCAATTGATTAGTTCCTTTAATAT TAGGCTCACCAGACATAGCCTTTCCTCGAATAAATAATCTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCATTACTT CTTCTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAACTCAGGAGCTGGTACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCCCCTCTATCAT CTAATTTATCCCACCTTGGAAGATCAGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATTTCATCA ATTTTAGGAGCAATTAACTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAAATTAATAAATTAAATTATGAAATTC TTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCCATTACTGCCATTTTATTACTTCTATCTCTCCCTATTCTCGCAGGCG USA: SC: Pickens Co.: Clemson Experimental Forest: Wildcat Creek, 34.7561° CAATTACTATATTACTGACAGATCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGATCCAGCTGGAGGAGGAGATCC MG87A 12MG7 Cheumatopsyche pinaca adult female N, 82.8562° W. Col. Genco 29-Mar-2017 TATTTTATACCAACATTTATTT AACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCAGGATTAGTCGGGTCTTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTG AACTTAGAACACCAGGGTCTTTAATCGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCCCATGCGTT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCCATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGCAATTGATTAGTCCCTTTAATAT TAGGATCACCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTCGAATAAATAATCTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCATTACTT CTTTTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCAGGAGCTGGTACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCTCCTCTATCAT CTAATCTATCCCATCTCGGAAGATCAGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCCGGTATTTCATCA ATTTTAGGGGCAATTAATTTTATTACTACATCCTTTAATATAAAGATTAATAAATTAAATTATGAAATCC TTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCTATTACTGCCATCTTATTACTCCTATCCCTACCAGTTCTAGCTGGCG CAATTACTATATTATTAACAGATCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGAGGGGATCC 000031037 MG88 13MG1 Cheumatopsyche larva ? TATTCTATACCAACATTTATTT AACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCAGGATTAGTCGGGTCTTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTG AACTTAGAACACCAGGGTCTTTAATCGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCCCATGCGTT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCCATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGCAATTGATTAGTCCCTTTAATAT TAGGATCACCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTCGAATAAATAATCTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCATTACTT CTTTTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCAGGAGCTGGTACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCTCCTCTATCAT CTAATCTATCCCATCTCGGAAGATCAGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCCGGTATTTCATCA ATTTTAGGGGCAATTAATTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAGATTAATAAATTAAATTATGAAATTC TTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCTATTACTGCCATCTTATTACTCCTATCCCTACCAGTTCTAGCTGGCG CAATTACTATATTATTAACAGATCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGAGGGGATCC 000031038 MG89 13MG2 Cheumatopsyche larva ? TATTC????????????????? AACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCAGGATTAGTTGGATCTTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTG AACTTAGAACTCCTGGATCTTTAATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCACACGCATT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATGCCTATTATAATTGGGGGATTCGGCAATTGATTAGTTCCTTTAATAT TAGGCTCACCAGACATAGCCTTTCCTCGAATAAATAATCTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCATTACTT CTTCTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAACTCAGGAGCTGGTACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCCCCTCTATCAT CTAATTTATCCCACCTTGGAAGATCAGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATTTCATCA ATTTTAGGAGCAATTAACTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAAATTAATAAATTAAATTATGAAATTC TTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCCATTACTGCCATTTTATTACTTCTATCTCTCCCTGTTCTCGCAGGCG USA: SC: Jackson Co.: Whitewater River. 35.018826, -82.996999. Col. C. CAATTACTATATTACTGACAGATCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCTGGAGGAGGAGATCC 000031040 MG91 13MG4 Cheumatopsyche pinaca adult female Wrege 18-Mar-2017 TATTTTATACCAACATTTATTT AACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCAGGATTAGTTGGGTCTTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTG AACTTAGAACACCAGGGTCTTTAATCGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCCCATGCGTT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCCATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGCAATTGATTAGTCCCTTTAATAT TAGGATCACCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTCGAATAAATAATCTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCATTACTT CTTTTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCAGGAGCTGGTACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCTCCTCTATCAT CTAATCTATCCCATCTCGGAAGATCAGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCCGGTATTTCATCA ATTTTAGGGGCAATTAATTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAGATTAATAAATTAAATTATGAAATCC TTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCTATTACTGCCATCTTATTACTCCTATCCCTACCAGTTCTAGCTGGCG USA: SC: Pickens Co.: Clemson Experimental Forest: Wildcat Creek, 34.7561° CAATTACTATATTATTAACAGATCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGACCCAGC-- 000031042 MG93 13MG6 Cheumatopsyche harwoodi adult female N, 82.8562° W. Col. Genco 29-Mar-2017 ??????????????????????????????????? AACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCTGGATTAGTAGGATCCTCTTTAAGATTCCTTATTCGAATTG AACTTAGAACTCCTGGGTCTTTAATTGGAAATGACCAAATTTATAATGTAATTGTCACTTCTCATGCATT TATTATAATTTTCTTTATAGTTATACCCATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAATTGATTAGTTCCTTTAATAT TAGGATCCCCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTCGAATAAATAATTTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCTCCTTCATTACTC CTTCTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCAGGGGCTGGCACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCTCCTCTATCAT CAAATCTATCTCACCTTGGAAGATCAGTAGATTTAACTATTTTCTCTCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATCTCATCA ATTCTAGGAGCAATTAACTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAACATAAAAATTAATAAATTAAATTATGAAATTC TTCCTCTCTTTGTTTGATCAGTAGCCATTACTGCCGTTCTACTTCTATTATCCCTGCCTGTTTTAGCCGGC USA: NC: Jackson co.: Balsam Mtn. Preserve. Dark Ridge Creek. 35.40213° N, GCAATTACTATATTACTAACAGATCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGGGGAGACC 000031043 MG94 14MG1 Cheumatopsyche analis? adult female 83.09045° W. Col. Genco & Morse 20-Jul-2016 CTATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT AACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCAGGATTAGTCGGGTCTTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTG AACTTAGAACGCCAGGGTCTTTAATCGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCCCATGCGTT 69 TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCCATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGCAATTGATTAGTCCCTTTAATAT TAGGATCACCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTCGAATAAATAATCTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCATTACTT CTTTTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCAGGAGCTGGCACAGGTTGAACTGTCTACCCTCCTCTATCAT CTAATCTATCCCATCTCGGAAGATCAGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCCGGTATTTCATCA ATTTTAGGGGCAATTAATTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAAATTAATAAATTAAATTATGAAATCC TTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCTATTACTGCCATCTTATTACTCCTATCCCTACCAGTTCTAGCTGGCG USA: NC: Jackson Co.: Balsam Mtn. Preserve, Dark Ridge Creek. 35.40213° CAATTACTATATTATTAACAGATCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGGGGGGATCC 000031044 MG95 14MG2 Cheumatopsyche harwoodi adult female N, 83.09045°. Col. Genco & Morse 20-Jul-2016 TATTCTATACCAACATTTATTT AACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCSGAATTTGATCAGGATTAGTTGGATCTTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTG AACTTAGAACTCCTGGATCTTTAATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCACATGCATT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCTATTATAATTGGGGGATTCGGCAATTGATTAGTTCCTTTAATAT TAGGTTCACCAGACATAGCCTTTCCTCGAATAAATAATCTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCTCCCTCATTACTT CTTCTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCAGGAGCTGGTACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCTCCTCTATCAT CTAATTTATCCCACCTTGGAAGATCAGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATTTCATCA ATTTTAGGAGCAATTAACTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAAATTAATAAATTAAATTATGAAATTC TTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCCATTACTGCCATTTTATTACTTCTATCTCTCCCTGTTCTCGCAGGCG USA: SC: Pickens Co.: Clemson Experimental Forest: Wildcat Creek, 34.7561° CAATTACTATATTACTGACAGATCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGATCCAGCTGGAGGAGGAGATCC 000031045 MG96 14MG3 Cheumatopsyche pinaca adult female N, 82.8562° W. Col. Genco 29-Mar-2017 TATTTTATACCAACATTTATTT AACTCTATATTTTCTCTTTGGAATTTGATCTGGTTTAGTCGGTTCTTCTCTCAGATTCTTAATCCGAATTG AATTAAGAACCCCCGGTTCTTTAATTGGAAATGATCAAATCTATAATGTTATTGTTACTTCCCACGCTTTT ATTATAATTTTCTTTATAGTTATACCTATTATAATTGGTGGGTTTGGAAATTGATTAGTTCCCTTAATATT AGGATCTCCCGATATAGCCTTTCCTCGAATGAATAATTTAAGATTCTGATTTTTACCCCCTTCTATTATTT TATTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCAGGAGCTGGAACAGGATGAACTGTTTACCCTCCCCTATCATC VIETNAM: Cúc Phuöng National Park: Small 1st order cobble-bottom stream TAATTTATCTCATTTAGGAAGATCTGTCGACTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCAGGAATCTCCTCAA in woods near rice paddies of small village near Nghéo River. Elv. 107 m TCTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATCTCTACCTCCTTTAACATAAAAATTAATAAATTAAATTACGAAATTCTT 20.3287°N, 105.5333°E Col. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn CCCCTATTTGTATGATCCGTGGCAATCACAGCTGTTCTCTTACTTTTATCTCTCCCTGTTCTCGCCGGAGC T.M., Mai V.S., Nguyễn V.H. 27-Jun-2017 AATCACTATGCTACTAACCGACCGAAATTTAAATACTTCCTTTTTTGACCCTGCAGGCGGGG???????????? VN104 10VN7 Cheumatopsyche zao adult male ????????????????? AACTCTATATTTTCTCTTTGGAATTTGATCTGGTTTAGTCGGTTCTTCTCTCAGATTCTTAATCCGAATTG AATTAAGAACCCCCGGTTCTTTAATTGGAAATGATCAAATCTATAATGTTATTGTTACTTCCCACGCTTTT ATTATAATTTTCTTTATAGTTATACCTATTATAATTGGTGGGTTTGGAAATTGATTAGTTCCCTTAATATT AGGATCTCCCGATATAGCCTTTCCTCGAATGAATAATTTAAGATTCTGATTTTTACCCCCTTCTATTATTT TATTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCAGGAGCTGGAACAGGATGAACTGTTTACCCTCCCCTATCATC VIETNAM: Cúc Phuöng National Park: Small 1st order cobble-bottom stream TAATTTATCTCATTTAGGAAGATCTGTCGACTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCAGGAATCTCCTCAA in woods near rice paddies of small village near Nghéo River. Elv. 107 m TCTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATCTCTACCTCCTTTAACATAAAAATTAATAAATTAAATTACGAAATTCTT 20.3287°N, 105.5333°E Col. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn CCCCTATTTGTATGATCCGTGGCAATCACAGCTGTTCTCTTACTTTTATCTCTCCCTGTTCTCGCCGGAGC T.M., Mai V.S., Nguyễn V.H. 27-Jun-2017 AATCACTATGCTACTAACCGACCGAAATTTAAATACTTCCTTTTTTGACCCTGCAGGCGGGG???????????? VN105 10VN8 Cheumatopsyche zao adult male ????????????????? AACACTATATTTCATATTTGGAATTTGATCAGGCCTTGTTGGCTCCTCTCTCAGATTTCTAATTCGAATTG AATTAAGAACACCTGGATCATTAATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAATGTAATTGTTACTTCTCATGCTTT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATGGTTATACCCATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAACTGATTAGTACCATTAATAT TAGGATCCCCTGATATGGCCTTCCCTCGCATAAATAATTTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCATCCTTAATT CTCTTAATCTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCAGGAGCAGGTACAGGATGAACAGTCTATCCTCCCTTATCAT CAAACCTTTCTCATTTGGGAAGATCAGTAGACTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCTGGAATTTCTTCC VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park: Tributary to Pheasant Falls (tributary to ATTTTAGGAGCAATTAATTTTATTTCTACTTCTTTTAATATAAAAATTAATAAATTAAATTATGAAATTCT Truoi River) Elv. 159 m 16.2287°N, 107.8486°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, TCCTTTATTTGTCTGATCTGTTGTAATTACTGCTATTCTTCTCCTTTTATCATTACCAGTCCTAGCTGGCGC M.S. Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Hugnh D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 30Jun–3Jul 2017 AATTACAATACTATTAACTGATCGAAATTTAAACACATCATTTTTTGATCCTGCAGGAGGAGGAGATCC--- VN106 10VN9 Cheumatopsyche nr. doan adult male --????????????????? AACCTTATATTTTATTCTAGGAATTTGATCTGGTTTAATTGGATCCTCTTTAAGATTTATTATTCGAATAG AATTAAGAATTCCAGGAACTTTAATTGGTAATGATCAAATTTATAATGTTGTTGTTACTTCTCATGCATTT ATTATAATTTTCTTTATAGTAATACCTATCATAATTGGGGGATTTGGAAACTGATTAGTACCATTAATAC TAGGATCTCCAGATATAGCTTTCCCCCGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCTTCTTTAACA TTTTTAATTTTTAGAGGATTAATTAATTCAGGATCTGGGACAGGATGAACTGTTTATCCTCCTTTATCATC TAATCTTTCTCATATAGGTAGATCAGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATTTCCTCAA VIETNAM: Cúc Phuöng National Park, small 1st order cobble-bottom stream TTTTAGGGGCTATTAATTTTATTTCTACAATTATAAATATAAAATTTAATAACGTAAACTACGAAATAAT in woods near rice paddies of small village near Nghéo River. Elv. 107 m. TCCCTTATTTGTTTGATCAGTTTTAATTACTGCCGTATTACTTCTTCTTTCACTACCAGTATTGGCTGGAG 20.3287°N, 105.5333°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn CCATTACAATATTATTAACTGACCGTAATTTAAATACCTCATTTTTTGACCCAGCTGGAGGAGGAGACCC VN107 10VN10 Hydromanicus nr. punctosalis adult male T.M., Mai V.S., Nguyễn V.H. 27-Jun-2017 AATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT AACTTTATATTTCCTTTTAGGTATTTGATCAGGACTTATCGGATCCTCACTCAGATTTATTATCCGAATGG AACTAAGAATCCCCGGAACTCTTATCGGCAATGATCAAATTTACAATGTTATTGTAACATCTCATGCTTT 70 TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTAATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGTAACTGACTAGTTCCTCTAATAT TAGGATCTCCAGACATAGCTTTCCCTCGTATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCTTCTCTCATA TTCTTAATTTTTAGTAGACTAATTAATTCAGGATCTGGAACAGGATGAACTGTTTACCCTCCACTATCCT CAAATCTTTCTCATATAGGAAGTTCAGTAGACATAACAATTTTCTCCCTTCACTTAGCTGGTATCTCATCT ATTCTAGGAGCAATCAATTTTATCTCAACAATTATAAATATAAAATTTAATAATGTAAATTTTGAAATAA VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park: Light trap at tributary to Pheasant Falls TTCCCCTTTTTGTTTGATCTGTTCTAATTACAGCAATTCTTCTTCTTCTTTCTTTACCCGTTTTAGCAGGAG tributary to Truoi River)Elv. 159 m 16.2287°N, 107.8486°E .Coll. J.C. Morse, CCATCACTATACTACTAACAGATCGAAACTTAAATACATCTTTCTTTGATCCTGCAGGAGGGGGGGATCC VN108 10VN11 Hydromanicus n. sp. adult male K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Hugnh D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 30-Jun-2017 TATTCTTTATCAACATTTATTT AACTTTATATTTCCTTTTAGGTATTTGATCAGGACTTATCGGATCCTCACTCAGATTTATTATCCGAATGG AACTAAGAATCCCCGGAACTCTTATCGGCAATGATCAAATTTACAATGTTATTGTAACATCTCATGCTTT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTAATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGTAACTGACTAGTTCCTCTAATAT TAGGATCTCCAGACATAGCTTTCCCTCGTATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCTTCTCTCATA TTCTTAATTTTTAGTAGACTAATTAATTCAGGATCTGGAACAGGATGAACTGTTTACCCTCCACTATCCT CAAATCTTTCTCATATAGGAAGTTCAGTAGACATAACAATTTTCTCCCTTCACTTAGCTGGTATCTCATCT ATTCTAGGAGCAATCAATTTTATCTCAACAATTATAAATATAAAATTTAATAATGTAAATTTTGAAATAA VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park: Light trap at tributary to Pheasant Falls TTCCCCTTTTTGTTTGATCTGTTCTAATTACAGCAATTCTTCTTCTTCTTTCTTTACCCGTTTTAGCAGGAG tributary to Truoi River)Elv. 159 m 16.2287°N, 107.8486°E .Coll. J.C. Morse, CCATCACTATACTACTAACAGATCGAAACTTAAATACATCTTTCTTTGATCCTGCAGGAGGGGGGGATCC VN110 10VN13 Hydromanicus n. sp. adult male K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Hugnh D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 30-Jun-2017 TATTCTTTATCAACATTTATTT AACTTTATATTTCCTTTTAGGTATTTGATCAGGACTTATCGGATCCTCACTCAGATTTATTATCCGAATGG AACTAAGAATCCCCGGAACTCTTATCGGCAATGATCAAATTTACAATGTTATTGTAACATCTCATGCTTT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTAATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGTAACTGACTAGTTCCTCTAATAT TAGGATCTCCAGACATAGCTTTCCCTCGTATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCTTCTCTCATA TTCTTAATTTTTAGTAGACTAATTAATTCAGGATCTGGAACAGGATGAACTGTTTACCCTCCACTATCCT CAAATCTTTCTCATATAGGAAGTTCAGTAGACATAACAATTTTCTCCCTTCACTTAGCTGGTATCTCATCT ATTCTAGGAGCAATCAATTTTATCTCAACAATTATAAATATAAAATTTAATAATGTAAATTTTGAAATAA VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park: Light trap at tributary to Pheasant Falls TTCCCCTTTTTGTTTGATCTGTTCTAATTACAGCAATTCTTCTTCTTCTTTCTTTACCCGTTTTAGCAGGAG tributary to Truoi River)Elv. 159 m 16.2287°N, 107.8486°E .Coll. J.C. Morse, CCATCACTATACTACTAACAGATCGAAACTTAAATACATCTTTCTTTGATCCTGCAGGAGGGGGGGATCC VN111 10VN14 Hydromanicus n. sp. adult male K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Hugnh D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 30-Jun-2017 TATTCTTTATCAACATTTATTT VIETNAM: Cúc Phuöng National Park: Small 1st order cobble-bottom stream in woods near rice paddies of small village near Nghéo River. Elv. 107 m 20.3287°N, 105.5333°E Col. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Mai V.S., Nguyễn V.H. 27-Jun-2017 VN116 10VN19 Cheumatopsyche pinaca larva AACTTTATATTTCCTTTTAGGTATTTGATCAGGACTTATCGGATCCTCACTCAGATTTATTATCCGAATGG AACTAAGAATCCCCGGAACTCTTATCGGCAATGATCAAATTTACAATGTTATTGTAACATCTCATGCTTT CATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTAATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGTAACTGACTAGTTCCTCTAATAT TAGGATCTCCAGACATAGCTTTCCCTCGTATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCTTCTCTCATA TTCTTAATTTTTAGTAGACTAATTAATTCAGGATCTGGAACAGGATGAACTGTTTACCCTCCACTATCCT CAAATCTTTCTCATATAGGAAGTTCAGTAGACATAACAATTTTCTCCCTTCACTTAGCTGGTATCTCATCT ATTCTAGGAGCAATCAATTTTATCTCAACAATTATAAATATAAAATTTAATAATGTAAATTTTGAAATAA VIETNAM: Bạch Mã National Park: Tributary along trail to Pheasant Falls TTCCCCTTTTTGTTTGATCTGTTCTAATTACAGCAATTCTTCTTCTTCTTTCTTTACCCGTTTTAGCAGGAG (tributary to Truoi River) Elv. 159 m 16.2287°N, 107.8486°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, CCATCACTATACTACTAACAGATCGAAACTTAAATACATCTTTCTTTGATCCTGCAGGAGGGGGGGATCC VN119 10VN22 Hydromanicus larva K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Hugnh D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 30-Jun-2017 TATTCTTTATCAACATTTATTT AACCTTATATTTTATATTAGGTATTTGATCCGGCCTAATTGGCTCCTCATTAAGATTTATTATTCGTATAG AATTAAGAATCCCAGGAACATTAATTGGAAATGACCAAATCTATAATGTTATTGTAACCTCTCATGCCTT TATTATAATTTTCTTTATAGTTATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGTAATTGATTAGTCCCATTAATGT TAGGATCTCCTGATATAGCTTTCCCACGTATAAATAACATAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCATTAAC ATTTTTAATTTTTAGAAGATTAATCAATTCAGGATCAGGTACAGGATGAACAGTATACCCCCCACTTTCC TCTAATTTATCTCATATAGGAAGATCCGTTGACATGACTATTTTTTCTCTACATTTAGCTGGAATCTCATC TATTTTAGGGGCCATTAATTTCATTTCTACAATTATAAATATAAAATTTAATAATATTAATTATGAAATA VIETNAM: Bạch Mã National Park: Tributary along trail to Pheasant Falls ATTCCTCTTTTTGTATGATCAGTACTTATTACTGCTGTTCTTCTATTACTTTCATTACCAGTTCTTGCTGGA (tributary to Truoi River) Elv. 159 m 16.2287°N, 107.8486°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, GCCATTACAATATTACTTACTGATCGCAATTTAAATACCTCTTTCTTTGACCCAGCAGGGGGAGGAGATC VN120 10VN23 Hydromanicus larva K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Hugnh D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 30-Jun-2017 CTATTCTATATCAACATTTATTT AACTTTATATTTCCTTTTAGGTATTTGATCAGGACTTATCGGATCCTCACTCAGATTTATTATCCGAATGG AACTAAGAATCCCCGGAACTCTTATCGGCAATGATCAAATTTACAATGTTATTGTAACATCTCATGCTTT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTAATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGTAACTGACTAGTTCCTCTAATAT TAGGATCTCCAGACATAGCTTTCCCTCGTATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCTTCTCTCATA TTCTTAATTTTTAGTAGACTAATTAATTCAGGATCTGGAACAGGATGAACTGTTTACCCTCCACTATCCT CAAATCTTTCTCATATAGGAAGTTCAGTAGACATAACAATTTTCTCCCTTCACTTAGCTGGTATCTCATCT ATTCTAGGAGCAATCAATTTTATCTCAACAATTATAAATATAAAATTTAATAATGTAAATTTTGAAATAA VIETNAM: Bạch Mã National Park: Tributary along trail to Pheasant Falls TTCCCCTTTTTGTTTGATCTGTTCTAATTACAGCAATTCTTCTTCTTCTTTCTTTACCCGTTTTAGCAGGAG (tributary to Truoi River) Elv. 159 m 16.2287°N, 107.8486°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, CCATCACTATACTACTAACAGATCGAAACTTAAATACATCTTTCTTTGATCCTGCAGGAGGGGGGGATC? VN121 10VN24 Hydropsyche larva K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Hugnh D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 30-Jun-2017 ?????????????????????? TACCCTTTATTTCATCCTAGGAATCTGATCTGGCCTTATTGGTTCATCGTTAAGACTCATTATCCGAACTG AACTCAGAAGACCAGGATTTTTCATCGGAAATGATCAAATCTATAACGTAATCGTTACAGCACACGCTT 71 TCATCATAATTTTCTTTATAGTAATACCAATTATGATCGGTGGATTTGGAAATTGGTTAGTCCCCCTAAT ACTTGGATCACCCGACATAGCTTTCCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGGTTTTGATTCCTCCCCCCCTCACTC VIETNAM: Cúc Phuöng National Park: Lang La Stream: small grassy- TCTCTTTTAATCTCAAGAAGACTTATTAACTCAGGAGCCGGGACTGGTTGAACAGTGTACCCACCCCTTT bottomed CATCCAATCTGTCACATCTCGGATCCTCAGTGGATTTAACAATTTTCTCTCTTCACCTGGCTGGAATTTCA 1st order stream, 20.2941°N, 105.7059°E Elv. 49 m. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. TCCATTTTGGGAGCTGTAAACTTTATCACTACCATCTTAAATATAAAATTCTTCAACTTAAATTATGACA Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Mai V.S., Tô T.H.Y., Nguyễn V.H. 24-Jun- TAATTCCTCTATTCGTTTGATCAGTTCTAATTACAGCAGTTCTTTTACTTCTATCTCTCCCAGTTCTGGCTG 2017 GAGCTATTACTATACTACTTACAGATCGCAATTTAAATAC-- VN123 11VN5 Diplectrona larva ????????????????????????????????????????????????????? AACCTTATACTTTATTTTTGGAATTTGATCAGGTATATTAGGTTCAACTCTAAGTTTAATTATTCGCATTG AATTAAGAACCCCTAATACTCTTATTGGTAATGATCAACTTTATAATGTAATTGTTACAGCTCATGCATT CATTATAATTTTCTTTATAGTTATACCAATCATAATCGGAGGATTTGGAAATTGATTAATTCCTCTTATAT TAGGAGCTCCTGATATAGCATTCCCTCGAATAAATAACATAAGATTTTGACTTTTACCCCCATCTTTAAC ATTTCTAATTTTTAGAAGTATTATTAATAATGGAGCAGGCACAGGATGAACAGTTTACCCTCCTCTCTCC TCTAACTTATCCCATATAGGTAGATCTGTAGACTTAACTATTTTTTCCCTTCATCTTGCAGGTATTTCCTC AATTCTAGGAGCTATCAATTTTATTACAACTATTTTAAATATAAAAATTAATAACTTAAACATTGACAAA VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park: Hoāng Yên Stream, near potable water CTACCTCTATTTATTTGATCTATTTTTATCACCACAATTTTACTTCTTCTTTCTTTACCTGTTCTAGCAGGA station. Elv. 1301 m 16.1949°N, 107.8577°E Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. GCTATTACTATATTATTAACAGACCGTAACCTTAATACATCATTTTTTGATCCTGCTGGAGGGGGGGACC VN13 4VN5 Macrostemum nr. Fastasum adult male Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 1 July 2017 CT----????????????????? AACCTTATACTTTATTTTTGGAATTTGATCAGGTATATTAGGTTCAACTCTAAGTTTAATTATTCGCATTG AATTAAGAACCCCTAATACTCTTATTGGTAATGATCAACTTTATAATGTAATTGTTACAGCTCATGCATT CATTATAATTTTCTTTATAGTTATACCAATCATAATCGGAGGATTTGGAAATTGATTAATTCCTCTTATAT TAGGAGCTCCTGATATAGCATTCCCTCGAATAAATAACATAAGATTTTGACTTTTACCCCCATCTTTAAC ATTTCTAATTTTTAGAAGTATTATTAATAATGGAGCAGGCACAGGATGAACAGTTTACCCTCCTCTCTCC TCTAACTTATCCCATATAGGTAGATCTGTAGACTTAACTATTTTTTCCCTTCATCTTGCAGGTATTTCCTC AATTCTAGGAGCTATCAATTTTATTACAACTATTTTAAATATAAAAATTAATAACTTAAACATTGACAAA VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park: Hoāng Yên Stream, near potable water CTACCTCTATTTATTTGATCTATTTTTATCACCACAATTTTACTTCTTCTTTCTTTACCTGTTCTAGCAGGA station. Elv. 1301 m 16.1949°N, 107.8577°E Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. GCTATTACTATATTATTAACAGACCGTAACCTTAATACATCATTTTTTGATCCTGCTGGAGGGGGGGACC VN14 2VN6 Macrostemum nr. Fastasum adult male Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 1 July 2017 CTATTT????????????????? VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park: Hoāng Yên Stream, near potable water station. Elv. 1301 m 16.1949°N, 107.8577°E Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. VN14 4VN6 Macrostemum nr. Fastasum adult male Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 1 July 2017 AACCTTATACTTCATTTTTGGGCTATGATCAAGAATACTAGGCCTATCATTAAGAATACTAATTCGATTA GAATTAAGAACACCAGGAGCTTTAATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTTTAACTCTATTGTTACCGCTCACGCTT TTATTATAATTTTCTTCATAGTTATACCTATCATAATTGGAGGATTTGGGAACTGATTAGTTCCCTTAATA TTAGGGGCCCCTGATATAGCCTTCCCTCGAATAAACAATATAAGATTTTGATTCCTACCTCCCTCTCTTTT TTTCCTTTTATTTGGTATACTTATAGATAACGGGGCAGGAACAGGGTGAACAGTTTACCCTCCTCTATCA GCAAATATCTCTCATATAGGAAAAGCTGTAGATTTAACAATTTTTAGTTTACATTTAGCAGGAATCTCTT CAATTTTAGGAGCTGTAAACTTTATTTCAACTATTATTAATATACGATTAAATTTTATAATATTAGACCA VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park: Hoāng Yên Stream, near potable water ACTTCCTCTTTTCACTTGATCAGTAATTATTACAGCAATTCTATTACTCCTTTCTCTCCCTGTTTTAGCTGG station. Elv. 1301 m 16.1949°N, 107.8577°E Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. GGCCATCACTATACTATTAACTGATCGAAATATAAACACCTCATTTTTTGACCCTGCAGGAGGGGGAGA VN15 4VN7 Chimarra larva Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 1 July 2017 CCCAAT--????????????????? AACTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGTCTTTGATCTAGAATACTAGGTCTATCCTTAAGAATATTAATTCGTCTAG AATTAAGAACCCCTGGAGCTTTAATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTTCAATTCAATTGTGACTGCTCACGCTTT CATTATAATTTTTTTCATAGTAATACCAATTATAATCGGAGGATTTGGAAATTGACTAGTACCCTTAATA CTAGGAGCCCCCGATATGGCCTTCCCTCGAATAAATAACATAAGATTCTGATTCCTCCCCCCCTCACTAT TTTTTCTCTTATTTGGTATATTAATAGATAACGGGGCTGGAACTGGGTGAACAGTATACCCTCCTTTATC AGCTAATATTTCTCATATAGGAAAGGCAGTAGATCTAACTATTTTCTCTCTCCATCTAGCTGGAATCTCC TCAATTTTAGGGGCTGTAAATTTTATTTCTACTATTCTCAATATACGACTTAATTTCATAATATTAGATCA VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park: Hoāng Yên Stream, near potable water ACTACCTCTATTTACATGATCAGTAATCATCACCGCTATCCTACTATTACTTTCTTTACCTGTTCTTGCAG station. Elv. 1301 m 16.1949°N, 107.8577°E Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. GTGCTATCACTATACTTTTAACAGATCGAAATATTAACACCTCATTCTTTGACCCCGCTGGAGGGGGGGA VN16 4VN8 Chimarra larva Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 1 July 2017 CCCCATCCTATACCAACACTTATTC AACTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGTCTTTGATCTAGAATACTAGGTCTATCCTTAAGAATATTAATTCGTCTAG AATTAAGAACCCCTGGAGCTTTAATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTTCAATTCAATTGTGACTGCTCACGCTTT CATTATAATTTTTTTCATAGTAATACCAATTATAATCGGAGGATTTGGAAACTGACTAGTACCCTTAATA CTAGGAGCCCCCGATATGGCCTTCCCTCGAATAAATAACATAAGATTCTGATTCCTCCCCCCCTCACTAT TTTTTCTCTTATTTGGTATATTAATAGATAACGGGGCTGGAACTGGGTGAACAGTATACCCTCCTTTATC AGCTAATATTTCTCATATAGGAAAGGCAGTAGATCTAACTATTTTCTCTCTCCATCTAGCTGGAATCTCC TCAATTTTAGGGGCTGTAAATTTTATTTCTACTATTCTCAATATACGACTTAATTTCATAATATTAGATCA VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park: Hoāng Yên Stream, near potable water ACTACCTCTATTTACATGATCAGTAATCATCACCGCTATCCTACTATTACTTTCTCTACCTGTTCTTGCAG station. Elv. 1301 m 16.1949°N, 107.8577°E Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. GTGCTATCACTATACTTTTAACAGATCGAAATATTAACACCTCATTCTTTGACCCCGCTGGAGGGGGAGA VN17 4VN9 Chimarra larva Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 1 July 2017 CCCCATCCTATACCAACACTTATTC AACTTTATATTTCATTTTTGGTATCTGATCAGGATGTTTAGGAACATCAATAAGAATTTTAATTCGAATT GAACTATCCTCTCCCTTTAGAATAATTGGTAATGATCAAATTTATAATGTAACAGTTACAGCCCATGCAT 72 TTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTAATACCAATCATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAATTGACTTGTTCCTTTAATA TTAGGCGCTCCTGACATGGCATTCCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTACTACCTCCTTCATTAA TTTTTCTTACTATCAGAAGATTAACTAATATAGGAGCAGGAACAGGATGAACAGTTTACCCTCCTTTATC TTCTAATTTATCTCATAGAGGTAGAGCTGTAGATTTAACAATCTTTTCTTTACATCTTGCAGGTATCTCTT CTATTTTAGGAGCAATTAATTTTATTTCAACAATTTTAAATATAAAAATCTTTAATTTAACTTCAGACAA VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park: Thuy diên Waterfall. Elv. 31 m, ACTTCCTTTATTTGTTTGATCTGTTTTAATTACAGCAGTTTTACTTCTACTTTCTCTTCCAGTTCTTGCAGG 16.2653°N, 107.8703°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn AGCAATTACTATATTACTAACCGATCGAAATTTAAATACTTCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGAGGAGAT VN21 5VN1 Pseudoleptonema larva T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 2-Jul-2017 CCTATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT AACTTTATATTTCATTTTTGGTATCTGATCAGGATGTTTAGGAACATCAATAAGAATTTTAATTCGAATT GAACTATCCTCTCCCTTTAGAATAATTGGTAATGATCAAATTTATAATGTAACAGTTACAGCCCATGCAT TTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTAATACCAATCATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAATTGACTTGTTCCTTTAATA TTAGGCGCTCCTGACATGGCATTCCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTACTACCTCCTTCATTAA TTTTTCTTTCTATCAGAAGATTAACTAATATAGGAGCAGGAACAGGATGAACAGTTTACCCTCCTTTATC TTCTAATTTATCTCATAGAGGTAGAGCTGTAGATTTAACAATCTTTTCTTTACATCTTGCAGGTATCTCTT CTATTTTAGGAGCAATTAATTTTATTTCAACAATTTTAAATATAAAAATCTTTAATTTAACTTCAGACAA VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park: Thuy diên Waterfall. Elv. 31 m, ACTTCCTTTATTTGTTTGATCTGTTTTAATTACAGCAGTTTTACTTCTACTTTCTCTTCCAGTTCTTGCAGG 16.2653°N, 107.8703°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn AGCAATTACTATATTACTAACCGATCGAAATTTAAATACTTCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGAGGAGAT VN22 5VN2 Pseudoleptonema larva T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 2-Jul-2017 CCTATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT AACTTTATATTTCATTTTTGGTATCTGATCAGGATGTTTAGGAACATCAATAAGAATTTTAATTCGAATT GAACTATCCTCTCCCTTTAGAATAATTGGTAATGATCAAATTTATAATGTAACAGTTACAGCCCATGCAT TTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTAATACCAATCATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAATTGACTTGTTCCTTTAATA TTAGGTGCTCCTGACATGGCATTCCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTACTACCTCCTTCATTAA TTTTTCTTACTATCAGAAGATTAACTAATATAGGAGCAGGAACAGGATGAACAGTTTACCCTCCTTTATC TTCTAATTTATCTCATAGAGGTAGAGCTGTAGATTTAACAATCTTTTCTTTACATCTTGCAGGTATCTCTT CTATTTTAGGAGCAATTAATTTTATTTCAACAATTTTAAATATAAAAATCTTTAATTTAACTTCAGACAA VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park: Thuy diên Waterfall. Elv. 31 m, ACTTCCTTTATTTGTTTGATCTGTTTTAATTACAGCAGTTTTACTTCTACTTTCTCTTCCAGTTCTTGCAGG 16.2653°N, 107.8703°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn AGCAATTACTATATTACTAACCGATCGAAATTTAAATACTTCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGAGGAGAT VN23 5VN3 Pseudoleptonema larva T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 2-Jul-2017 CCTATTTTATATCAACATTTA?TT AACTTTATATTTCATTTTTGGTATCTGATCAGGATGTTTAGGAACATCAATAAGAATTTTAATTCGAATT GAACTATCCTCTCCCTTTAGAATAATTGGTAATGATCAAATTTATAATGTAACAGTTACAGCCCATGCAT TTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTAATACCAATCATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAATTGACTTGTTCCTTTAATA TTAGGCGCTCCTGACATGGCATTCCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTACTACCTCCTTCATTAA TTTTTCTTTCTATCAGAAGATTAACTAATATAGGAGCAGGAACAGGATGAACAGTTTACCCTCCTTTATC TTCTAATTTATCTCATAGAGGTAGAGCTGTAGATTTAACAATCTTTTCTTTACATCTTGCAGGTATCTCTT CTATTTTAGGAGCAATTAATTTTATTTCAACAATTTTAAATATAAAAATCTTTAATTTAACTTCAGACAA VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park: Thuy diên Waterfall. Elv. 31 m, ACTTCCTTTATTTGTTTGATCTGTTTTAATTACAGCAGTTTTACTTCTACTTTCTCTTCCAGTTCTTGCAGG 16.2653°N, 107.8703°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn AGCAATTACTATATTACTAACCGATCGAAATTTAAATACTTCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGAGGAGAT VN24 5VN4 Pseudoleptonema larva T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 2-Jul-2017 CCTATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT TATCTGATCAGGATGTTTAGGAACATCAATAAGAATTTTAATTCGAATTGAACTATCCTCTCCCTTTAGA ATAATTGGTAATGATCAAATTTATAATGTAACAGTTACAGCCCATGCATTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGT AATACCAATCATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAATTGACTTGTTCCTTTAATATTAGGCGCTCCTGACATGGCA TTCCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTACTACCTCCTTCATTAATTTTTCTTTCTATCAGAAGATT AACTAATATAGGAGCAGGAACAGGATGAACAGTTTACCCTCCTTTATCTTCTAATTTATCTCATAGAGGT AGAGCTGTAGATTTAACAATCTTTTCTTTACATCTTGCAGGTATCTCTTCTATTTTAGGAGCAATTAATTT TATTTCAACAATTTTAAATATAAAAATCTTTAATTTAACTTCAGACAAACTTCCTTTATTTGTTTGATCTG VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park: Thuy diên Waterfall. Elv. 31 m, TTTTAATTACAGCAGTTTTACTTCTACTTTCTCTTCCAGTTCTTGCAGGAGCAATTACTATATTACTAACC 16.2653°N, 107.8703°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn GATCGAAATTTAAATACTTCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGAGGAGATCCTATTTTATATCAACATTTAT VN25 5VN5 Pseudoleptonema quinquefuscitatum adult male T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 2-Jul-2017 TT GAACTTTATATTTCATTTTTGGTATCTGATCAGGATGTTTAGGAACATCAATAAGAATTTTAATTCGAAT TGAACTATCCTCTCCCTTTAGAATAATTGGTAATGATCAAATTTATAATGTAACAGTTACAGCCCATGCA TTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTAATACCAATCATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAATTGACTTGTTCCTTTAAT ATTAGGCGCTCCTGACATGGCATTCCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTACTACCTCCTTCATTA ATTTTTCTTTCTATCAGAAGATTAACTAATATAGGAGCAGGAACAGGATGAACAGTTTACCCTCCTTTAT CTTCTAATTTATCTCATAGAGGTAGAGCTGTAGATTTAACAATCTTTTCTTTACATCTTGCAGGTATCTCT TCTATTTTAGGAGCAATTAATTTTATTTCAACAATTTTAAATATAAAAATCTTTAATTTAACTTCAGACAA VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park: Thuy diên Waterfall. Elv. 31 m, ACTTCCTTTATTTGTTTGATCTGTTTTAATTACAGCAGTTTTACTTCTACTTTCTCTTCCAGTTCTTGCAGG 16.2653°N, 107.8703°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn AGCAATTACTATATTACTAACCGATCGAAATTTAAATACTTCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGAGGAGAT VN26 5VN6 Pseudoleptonema quinquefuscitatum adult male T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 2-Jul-2017 CCT----????????????????? AACTTTATATTTCATTTTTGGTATCTGATCAGGATGTTTAGGAACATCAATAAGAATTTTAATTCGAATT GAACTATCCTCTCCCTTTAGAATAATTGGTAATGATCAAATTTATAATGTAACAGTTACAGCCCATGCAT 73 TTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTAATACCAATCATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAATTGACTTGTTCCTTTAATA TTAGGTGCTCCTGACATGGCATTCCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTACTACCTCCTTCATTAA TTTTTCTTACTATCAGAAGATTAACTAATATAGGAGCAGGAACAGGATGAACAGTTTACCCTCCTTTATC TTCTAATTTATCTCATAGAGGTAGAGCTGTAGATTTAACAATCTTTTCTTTACATCTTGCAGGTATCTCTT CTATTTTAGGAGCAATTAATTTTATTTCAACAATTTTAAATATAAAAATCTTTAATTTAACTTCAGACAA VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park: Thuy diên Waterfall. Elv. 31 m, ACTTCCTTTATTTGTTTGATCTGTTTTAATTACAGCAGTTTTACTTCTACTTTCTCTTCCAGTTCTTGCAGG 16.2653°N, 107.8703°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn AGCAATTACTATATTACTAACCGATCGAAATTTAAATACTTCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGAGGAGAT VN27 5VN7 Pseudoleptonema quinquefuscitatum adult male T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 2-Jul-2017 CCTATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT AACTTTATATTTCATTTTTGGTATCTGATCAGGATGTTTAGGAACATCAATAAGAATTTTAATTCGAATT GAACTATCCTCTCCCTTTAGAATAATTGGTAATGATCAAATTTATAATGTAACAGTTACAGCCCATGCAT TTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTAATACCAATCATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAATTGACTTGTTCCTTTAATA TTAGGCGCTCCTGACATGGCATTCCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTACTACCTCCTTCATTAA TTTTTCTTTCTATCAGAAGATTAACTAATATAGGAGCAGGAACAGGATGAACAGTTTACCCTCCTTTATC TTCTAATTTATCTCATAGAGGTAGAGCTGTAGATTTAACAATCTTTTCTTTACATCTTGCAGGTATCTCTT CTATTTTAGGAGCAATTAATTTTATTTCAACAATTTTAAATATAAAAATCTTTAATTTAACTTCAGACAA VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park: Thuy diên Waterfall. Elv. 31 m, ACTTCCTTTATTTGTTTGATCTGTTTTAATTACAGCAGTTTTACTTCTACTTTCTCTTCCAGTTCTTGCAGG 16.2653°N, 107.8703°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn AGCAATTACTATATTACTAACCGATCGAAATTTAAATACTTCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGAGGAGAT VN28 5VN8 Pseudoleptonema quinquefuscitatum adult male T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 2-Jul-2017 CCTATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT TACACTTTATTTTATTTTTGGAATTTGATCAGGATTAATTGGGTCTTCACTAAGATTCTTAATTCGCATAG AACTAAGAATTCCAGGGACATTAATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAACGTAATCGTAACTTCCCATGCTTT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGTAATTGACTAGTCCCTCTCATAT TAGGATCACCAGATATAGCATTTCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTCCTGCCTCCTTCATTAAT TTTCTTAATCTTTAGAAGACTTCTAAATTCAGGAGCTGGAACAGGATGAACAGTCTATCCACCCTTATCC TCAAATCTCTCACATCTAGGAAGATCTGTTGACATAACAATTTTTTCTCTCCATCTTGCGGGTATTTCCTC CATTCTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATTTCTACTATTATAAATATAAAATTTAAAAATTTAAATTACGAAATA VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park: Thuy diên Waterfall. Elv. 31 m, ATACCCTTATTTGTTTGATCTGTTTTAATTACTGCAGTTCTTTTACTCTTATCTTTACCAGTCTTAGCTGGG 16.2653°N, 107.8703°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn GCAATTACTATGCTTTTAACAGACCGAAATCTTAATACATCCTTCTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGGGGAGAC VN29 5VN9 Hydromanicus chattrakan adult male T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 2-Jul-2017 CCAATTCTTTATCAACATTTATTC AACTTTATATTTCCTTTTAGGTATTTGATCAGGACTTATCGGATCCTCACTCAGATTTATTATCCGAATGG AACTAAGAATCCCCGGAACTCTTATCGGCAATGATCAAATTTACAATGTTATTGTAACATCTCATGCTTT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTAATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGTAACTGACTAGTTCCTCTAATAT TAGGATCTCCAGACATAGCTTTCCCTCGTATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCTTCTCTCATA TTCTTAATTTTTAGTAGACTAATTAATTCAGGATCTGGAACAGGATGAACTGTTTACCCTCCACTATCCT CAAATCTTTCTCATATAGGAAGTTCAGTAGACATAACAATTTTCTCCCTTCACTTAGCTGGTATCTCATCT ATTCTAGGAGCAATCAATTTTATCTCAACAATTATAAATATAAAATTTAATAATGTAAATTTTGAAATAA VIETNAM: Bạch Mã National Park: Tributary along trail to Pheasant Falls TTCCCCTTTTTGTTTGATCTGTTCTAATTACAGCAATTCTTCTTCTTCTTTCTTTACCCGTTTTAGCAGGAG (tributary to Truoi River) Elv. 159 m 16.2287°N, 107.8486°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, CCATCACTATACTACTAACAGATCGAAACTTAAATACATCTTTCTTTGATCCTGCAGGAGGGGGGGATCC VN3 1VN3 Hydromanicus larva K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Hugnh D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 30-Jun-2017 TATTCTTTATCAACATTTATTT TACACTTTATTTTATTTTTGGAATTTGATCAGGATTAATTGGGTCTTCACTAAGATTCTTAATTCGCATAG AACTAAGAATTCCAGGGACATTAATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAACGTAATCGTAACTTCCCATGCTTT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGTAATTGACTAGTTCCTCTCATAT TAGGATCACCAGATATAGCATTTCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTCCTGCCTCCTTCATTAAT TTTCTTAATCTTTAGAAGACTTCTAAATTCAGGAGCTGGAACAGGATGAACAGTCTATCCACCCTTATCC TCAAATCTCTCACATCTAGGAAGATCTGTTGACATAACAATTTTTTCTCTCCATCTTGCGGGTATTTCCTC CATTCTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATTTCTACTATTATAAATATAAAATTTAAAAATTTAAATTACGAAATA VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park: Thuy diên Waterfall. Elv. 31 m, ATACCCTTATTTGTTTGATCTGTTTTAATTACTGCAGTTCTTTTACTCTTATCTTTACCAGTCTTAGCTGGG 16.2653°N, 107.8703°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn GCAATTACTATGCTTTTAACAGACCGAAATCTTAATACATCCTTCTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGGGGGGAC VN30 5VN10 Hydromanicus chattrakan adult male T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 2-Jul-2017 CCAAT--????????????????? TACACTTTATTTTATTTTTGGAATTTGATCAGGATTAATTGGGTCTTCACTAAGATTCTTAATTCGCATAG AACTAAGAATTCCAGGGACATTAATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAACGTAATCGTAACTTCCCATGCTTT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGTAATTGACTAGTCCCTCTCATAT TAGGATCACCAGATATAGCATTTCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTCCTGCCTCCTTCATTAAT TTTCTTAATCTTTAGAAGACTTCTAAATTCAGGAGCTGGAACAGGATGAACAGTCTATCCACCCTTATCC TCAAATCTCTCACATCTAGGAAGATCTGTTGACATAACAATTTTTTCTCTCCATCTTGCGGGTATTTCCTC CATTCTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATTTCTACTATTATAAATATAAAATTTAAAAATTTAAATTACGAAATA VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park: Thuy diên Waterfall. Elv. 31 m, ATACCCTTATTTGTTTGATCTGTTTTAATTACTGCAGTTCTTTTACTCTTATCTTTACCAGTCTTAGCTGGG 16.2653°N, 107.8703°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn GCAATTACTATGCTTTTAACAGACCGAAATCTTAATACATCCTTCTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGGGGAGAC VN31 5VN11 Hydromanicus chattrakan adult male T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 2-Jul-2017 CCAATTCTTTATCAACATTTATTC TACACTTTATTTTATTTTTGGAATTTGATCAGGATTAATTGGGTCTTCACTAAGATTCTTAATTCGCATAG AACTAAGAATTCCAGGGACATTAATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAACGTAATCGTAACTTCCCATGCTTT 74 TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGTAATTGACTAGTCCCTCTCATAT TAGGATCACCAGATATAGCATTTCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTCCTGCCTCCTTCATTAAT TTTCTTAATCTTTAGAAGACTTCTAAATTCAGGAGCTGGAACAGGATGAACAGTCTATCCACCCTTATCC TCAAATCTCTCACATCTAGGAAGATCTGTTGACATAACAATTTTTTCTCTCCATCTTGCGGGTATTTCCTC CATTCTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATTTCTACTATTATAAATATAAAATTTAAAAATTTAAATTACGAAATA VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park: Thuy diên Waterfall. Elv. 31 m, ATACCCTTATTTGTTTGATCTGTTTTAATTACTGCAGTTCTTTTACTCTTATCTTTACCAGTCTTAGCTGGG 16.2653°N, 107.8703°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn GCAATTACTATGCTTTTAACAGACCGAAATCTTAATACATCCTTCTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGGGGAGAC VN32 5VN12 Hydromanicus chattrakan adult male T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 2-Jul-2017 CCAATTCTTTATCAACATTTATTC AATTCTTTATTTTATCTTTGGAATTTGATCCAGATTAGTAGGATCTTCCTTAAGAATAATTATTCGAATAG AACTTAGATCCCCAAATTTAATAATTATAAATGATCAAATTTATAATTCAATTATTACAATTCATGCATT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAATTATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGTTTTGGAAATTGATTAGTACCATTAATAT TAGGAGCACCAGATATAGCATTTCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTATTACCTCCATCATTAAC ATTTTTAATCTCAAGAATATTTATAGATAATGGATTAGGTACAGGATGAACAGTATACCCCCCACTATCT AATTATAATTATCATTTAGGTAAAGCTGTTGATATCTCAATTTTTTCATTACACTTAGCTGGAATTTCATC AATTTTAGGAGCAATTAATTTTATTTCAACTATTATAAATATAAAAATTAAATTTATTTCATTAAATTTAA VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park: Thuy diên Waterfall. Elv. 31 m, TTCCATTATTTGTTTGATCTATTAAAATTACAGCAATTTTATTACTTTTATCCCTACCAGTATTAGCAGGT 16.2653°N, 107.8703°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn GCAATTACTATACTTCTTACTGATCGAAATTTAAATACTTCATTTTTTGAACCAGCAGGMGGAGGTGACC VN33 6VN1 Ecnomus n. nr. totiio adult male T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 2-Jul-2017 CAATTCTTTATCAACATTTATTT AATTCTTTATTTTATCTTTGGAATTTGATCCAGATTAGTAGGATCTTCCTTAAGAATAATTATTCGAATAG AACTTAGATCCCCAAATTTAATAATTATAAATGATCAAATTTATAATTCAATTATTACAATTCATGCATT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAATTATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGTTTTGGAAATTGATTAGTACCATTAATAT TAGGAGCACCAGATATAGCATTTCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTATTACCTCCATCATTAAC ATTTTTAATCTCAAGAATATTTATAGATAATGGATTAGGTACAGGATGAACAGTATACCCCCCACTATCT AATTATAATTATCATTTAGGTAAAGCTGTTGATATCTCAATTTTTTCATTACACTTAGCTGGAATTTCATC AATTTTAGGAGCAATTAATTTTATTTCAACTATTATAAATATAAAAATTAAATTTATTTCATTAAATTTAA VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park: Thuy diên Waterfall. Elv. 31 m, TTCCATTATTTGTTTGATCTATTAAAATTACAGCAATTTTATTACTTTTATCCCTACCAGTATTAGCAGGT 16.2653°N, 107.8703°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn GCAATTACTATACTTCTTACTGATCGAAATTTAAATACTTCATTTTTT---- VN34 6VN2 Ecnomus n. nr. totiio adult male T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 2-Jul-2017 ????????????????????????????????????????? AATTCTATATTTTATCTTTGGAATTTGAGCAAGAATAGTAGGCTCATCACTAAGAATAATTATCCGAATA GAATTAAGATCCCCAAATTCAATAATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAATTCAATTATTACAATTCATGCAT TCATTATAATTTTTTTTATAATTATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAACTGATTAGTTCCTCTAATA CTAGGAGCACCAGATATAGCATTTCCACGAATAAATAACATAAGATTTTGACTTTTACCTCCATCATTAA CATTTCTATTATCAAGCATATTTATAGATAATAGAATAGGAACAGGATGAACAGTTTACCCACCCTTATC AAATTATGATTTTCACCTAGGAAAAGCAGTAGATATTTCAATTTTTTCATTACATTTAGCTGGAATTTCTT CAATCCTAGGAGCAATCAACTTTATCTCAACTATTATAAATATAAAATTTAAATTTATTTCAATAAACTT VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park: Thuy diên Waterfall. Elv. 31 m, CATTCCACTATTTGTTTGATCAATTAAAATTACAGCAATTCTACTATTATTATCACTTCCAGTTCTAGCTG 16.2653°N, 107.8703°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn GAGCAATTACTATATTATTAACAGATCGAAATTTAAATACTTCATTTTTCGAACCAGCTGGAGGAGGAG VN36 6VN4 Ecnomus n. nr. pseudotenellus adult male T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 2-Jul-2017 ACCCAATTTTATAT-AACATCTATTT AATTCTATATTTTATCTTTGGAATTTGAGCAAGAATAGTAGGCTCATCACTAAGAATAATTATCCGAATA GAATTAAGATCCCCAAATTCAATAATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAATTCAATTATTACAATTCATGCAT TCATTATAATTTTTTTTATAATTATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAACTGATTAGTTCCTCTAATA CTAGGAGCACCAGATATAGCATTTCCACGAATAAATAACATAAGATTTTGACTTTTACCTCCATCATTAA CATTTCTATTATCAAGCATATTTATAGATAATAGAATAGGAACAGGATGAACAGTTTATCCACCCTTATC AAATTATGATTTTCACCTAGGAAAAGCAGTAGATATTTCAATTTTTTCATTACATTTAGCTGGAATTTCTT CAATCCTAGGAGCAATCAACTTTATCTCAACTATTATAAATATAAAATTTAAATTTATTTCAATAAACTT VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park: Thuy diên Waterfall. Elv. 31 m, CATTCCACTATTTGTTTGATCAATTAAAATTACAGCAATTCTACTATTATTATCACTTCCAGTTCTAGCTG 16.2653°N, 107.8703°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn GAGCAATTACTATATTATTAACAGATCGAAATTTAAATACTTCATTTTTCGAACCAGCTGGAGGAGGAG VN37 6VN5 Ecnomus n. nr. pseudotenellus adult male T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 2-Jul-2017 ACCCAATTTT-----??????????? AACACTATACTTCATACTAGGAATCTGATCTAGATTAATTGGAACTTCACTAAGAATAATAATTCGACTC GAACTAAGAATCCCAGGATCGTTTTATAATAATGAACAACTTTATAACTCCATAGTTACAATCCACGCAT TCATTATAATTTTTTTCATAATTATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAACTGAATAGTACCATTAAT AATAGGATCACCAGACATAGCTTTCCCACGAATAAATAATCTTAGATTCTGACTCCTACCCCCATCCCTA TTTTTCTTAATTTCAAGTATATTCATAAATAATAGATTAGGTACAGGATGAACAATATACCCCCCACTAT CAAATAATTTATTCCATAGAGGAAAATCAGTAGACATAGCCATCTTCTCCTTACACCTAGCAGGAATTTC ATCAATCCTAGGAGCCATTAACTTTATCTCAACAATCCTGAATATAAAACTCAAATCCTTACCCCTCAAC VIETNAM: Cúc Phuöng National : Bub’i River, just upstream of bridge Elv. 14 AACCTAACTCTATTTTCCTGATCAATTATAATTACAGCAATCCTATTACTATTATCCCTTCCCGTTCTTGC m. 20.3902°N, 105.5168°E Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn CGGAGCAATTACTATAGTACTAACAGACCGAAACATAAATACATCATTCTTCAATCCCATAGGAGGAGG VN39 6VN7 Ecnomus larva T.M., Mai V.S., Nguyễn V.H. 27-Jun-2017 AGATCCTTTACTATTCCAACACCTATTC AACTTTATATTTCCTTTTAGGTATTTGATCAGGACTTATCGGATCCTCACTCAGATTTATTATCCGAATGG AACTAAGAATCCCCGGAACTCTTATCGGCAATGATCAAATTTACAATGTTATTGTAACATCTCATGCTTT 75 TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTAATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGTAACTGACTAGTTCCTCTAATAT TAGGATCTCCAGACATAGCTTTCCCTCGTATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCTTCTCTCATA TTCTTAATTTTTAGTAGACTAATTAATTCAGGATCTGGAACAGGATGAACTGTTTACCCTCCACTATCCT CAAATCTTTCTCATATAGGAAGTTCAGTAGACATAACAATTTTCTCCCTTCACTTAGCTGGTATCTCATCT ATTCTAGGAGCAATCAATTTTATCTCAACAATTATAAATATAAAATTTAATAATGTAAATTTTGAAATAA VIETNAM: Bạch Mã National Park: Tributary along trail to Pheasant Falls TTCCCCTTTTTGTTTGATCTGTTCTAATTACAGCAATTCTTCTTCTTCTTTCTTTACCCGTTTTAGCAGGAG (tributary to Truoi River) Elv. 159 m 16.2287°N, 107.8486°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, CCATCACTATACTACTAACAGATCGAAACTTAAATACATCTTTCTTTGATCCTGCAGGAGGGGGGGATCC VN4 1VN4 Hydromanicus larva K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Hugnh D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 30-Jun-2017 TATTCTTTATCAACATTTATTT AACACTATACTTCATACTAGGAATCTGATCTAGATTAATTGGAACTTCACTAAGAATAATAATTCGACTC GAACTAAGAATCCCAGGATCGTTTTATAATAATGAACAACTTTATAACTCCATAGTTACAATCCACGCAT TCATTATAATTTTTTTCATAATTATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAACTGAATAGTACCATTAAT AATAGGATCACCAGACATAGCTTTCCCACGAATAAATAATCTTAGATTCTGACTCCTACCCCCATCCCTA TTTTTCTTAATTTCAAGTATATTCATAAATAATAGATTAGGTACAGGATGAACAATATACCCCCCACTAT CAAATAATTTATTCCATAGAGGAAAATCAGTAGACATAGCCATCTTCTCCTTACACCTAGCAGGAATTTC ATCAATCCTAGGAGCCATTAACTTTATCTCAACAATCCTGAATATAAAACTCAAATCCTTACCCCTCAAC VIETNAM: Cúc Phuöng National : Bub’i River, just upstream of bridge Elv. 14 AACCTAACTCTATTTTCCTGATCAATTATAATTACAGCAATCCTATTACTATTATCCCTTCCCGTTCTTGC m. 20.3902°N, 105.5168°E Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn CGGAGCAATTACTATAGTACTAACAGACCGAAACATAAATACATCATTCTTCAATCCCATAGGAGGAGG VN40 6VN8 Ecnomus larva T.M., Mai V.S., Nguyễn V.H. 27-Jun-2017 AG---??????????????????????? AACACTATACTTCATACTAGGAATCTGATCTAGATTAATTGGAACTTCACTAAGAATAATAATTCGACTC GAACTAAGAATCCCAGGATCGTTTTATAATAATGAACAACTTTATAACTCCATAGTTACAATCCACGCAT TCATTATAATTTTTTTCATAATTATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAACTGAATAGTACCATTAAT AATAGGATCACCAGACATAGCTTTCCCACGAATAAATAATCTTAGATTCTGACTCCTACCCCCATCCCTA TTTTTCTTAATTTCAAGTATATTCATAAATAATAGATTAGGTACAGGATGAACAATATACCCCCCACTAT CAAATAATTTATTCCATAGAGGAAAATCAGTAGACATAGCCATCTTCTCCTTACACCTAGCAGGAATTTC ATCAATCCTAGGAGCCATTAACTTTATCTCAACAATCCTGAATATAAAACTCAAATCCTTACCCCTCAAC VIETNAM: Cúc Phuöng National : Bub’i River, just upstream of bridge Elv. 14 AACCTAACTCTATTTTCCTGATCAATTATAATTACAGCAATCCTATTACTATTATCCCTTCCCGTTCTTGC m. 20.3902°N, 105.5168°E Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn CGGAGCAATTACTATAGTACTAACAGACCGAAACATAAATACATCATTCTTCAATCCCATAGGAGGAGG VN41 6VN9 Ecnomus larva T.M., Mai V.S., Nguyễn V.H. 27-Jun-2017 AGATCCTT---????????????????? AATTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGGATTTGAGCAAGAATAGTAGGATCCTCATTAAGAATAATTATTCGAATA GAATTAAGATCACCAAATTCAATAATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTACAATTCAATTATTACAATTCATGCAT TTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAATTATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGTTTCGGAAACTGACTAGTTCCATTAATA TTAGGAGCCCCCGATATAGCCTTCCCACGAATAAATAACATAAGATTTTGATTATTACCTCCATCCTTAA CATTCCTAATCTCCAGAATATTTATAGATAATAGATTAGGAACAGGATGAACAATTTACCCCCCCTTATC AAATTATGAATATCACTTAGGAAAAGCAGTAGATATCTCAATTTTTTCTTTACATATAGCAGGAATTTCT TCAATTCTTGGAGCAATTAACTTTATTTCAACTATTCTAAATATAAAAATTAAATTTATTTCATTAAATTT VIETNAM: Cúc Phuöng National Park: May Waterfall. Tributary to tributary of AATTCCATTATTTGTATGATCAATTAAAATTACAGCAATTTTATTATTATTATCACTTCCTGTACTCGCTG Sông River. 20.3654°N, 105.4479°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. Genco, GAGCAATTACAATACTATTAACAGATCGAAACTTAAATACTTCATTCTTTGAACCTGCTGGAGGAGGGG VN42 6VN10 Ecnomus larva Nguyễn T.M., Mai V.S., Nguyễn V.H. 25Jun-2017 ATCCAATTCTTTATCAACATTTATTT AATTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGAATTTGAGCAAGAATAGTAGGATCCTCATTAAGAATAATTATTCGAATA GAATTAAGATCACCAAATTCAATAATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTACAATTCAATTATTACAATTCATGCAT TTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAATTATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGTTTCGGAAACTGACTAGTTCCCTTAATA TTAGGAGCCCCCGATATAGCCTTCCCACGAATAAATAACATAAGATTTTGATTATTACCTCCATCCTTAA CATTCCTAATCTCCAGAATATTTATAGATAATAGATTAGGAACAGGATGAACAATTTACCCCCCCTTATC VIETNAM: Cúc Phuöng National Park: Lang La Stream: small grassy- AAATTATGAATATCACTTAGGAAAAGCAGTAGATATCTCAATTTTTTCTTTACATATAGCAGGAATTTCT bottomed TCAATTCTTGGAGCAATTAACTTTATTTCAACTATTCTAAATATAAAAATTAAATTTATTTCATTAAATTT 1st order stream, 20.2941°N, 105.7059°E Elv. 49 m. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. AATTCCATTATTTGTATGATCAATTAAAATTACAGCAATTTTATTATTATTATCACTTCCTGTACTCGCTG Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Mai V.S., Tô T.H.Y., Nguyễn V.H. 24-Jun- GAGCAATTACAATACTATTAACAGATCGAAACTTAAATACTTCATTCTTTGAACCTGCTGGAGGAGGGG VN5 1VN5 Ecnomus larva 2017 ATCCAA---????????????????? AACTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGGATTTGAGCAGGTATAGTAGGATCTTCATTAAGAATAATTATTCGTACA GAATTAGGAATACCAGGATCACTAATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAATGTAGTAGTAACCGCTCATGCT TTTATCATAATTTTCTTTATAGTAATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTCGGGAATTGATTAGTTCCATTAAT ACTTGGTGCACCTGATATAGCTTTTCCTCGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGACTTTTACCACCTTCATTAA CTCTTTTAACTATAAGAAGAATTGTAGAAAATGGAGCAGGTACTGGATGAACAGTTTATCCCCCTCTTTC TAGAAATATTGGACATATAGGAAGTTCAGTAGATCTAACAATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCAGGAATTTCA TCTATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATTACAACAGTAATAAATATACGCTCTAAAGGTATATCTTTAGATC VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park: Hoāng Yên Stream, near potable water AAATACCTTTATTTGTTTGATCTGTAGCTATTACAGCTCTTCTTCTCTTATTATCATTACCTGTTTTAGCAG station. Elv. 1301 m 16.1949°N, 107.8577°E Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. GAGCTATTACTATACTTTTAACTGATCGAAATCTTAATACTTCCTTTTTTGACCCTGCAGGAGGAGGAGA VN52 7VN8 Rhyacophila larva Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 1 July 2017 TCCAATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT AACTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGGATTTGAGCAGGTATAGTAGGATCTTCATTAAGAATAATTATTCGTACA GAATTAGGAATACCAGGATCACTAATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAATGTAGTAGTAACCGCTCATGCT 76 TTTATCATAATTTTCTTTATAGTAATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTCGGGAATTGATTAGTTCCATTAAT ACTTGGTGCACCTGATATAGCTTTTCCTCGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGACTTTTACCACCTTCATTAA CTCTTTTAACTATAAGAAGAATTGTAGAAAATGGAGCAGGTACTGGATGAACAGTTTATCCCCCTCTTTC TAGAAATATTGGACATATAGGAAGTTCAGTAGATCTAACAATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCAGGAATTTCA VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park Krem Stream, upstream of culvert at road TCTATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATTACAACAGTAATAAATATACGCTCTAAAGGTATATCTTTAGATC Elv. 1159 m, 16.1958°N, 107.8490°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. AAATACCTTTATTTGTTTGATCTGTAGCTATTACAGCTCTTCTTCTCTTATTATCATTACCTGTTTTAGCAG Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 1-Jul-2017 GAGCTATTACTATACTTTTAACTGATCGAAATCTTAATACTTCCTTTTTTGACCCTGCAGGAGGAGGAGA VN54 7VN10 Rhyacophila larva TCCAATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT

TGGGATTTGAGCAGGTATAGTAGGATCTTCATTAAGAATAATTATTCGTACAGAATTAGGAATACCAGG ATCACTAATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAATGTAGTAGTAACCGCTCATGCTTTTATCATAATTTTCTTTA TAGTAATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTCGGGAATTGATTAGTTCCATTAATACTTGGTGCACCTGATAT AGCTTTTCCTCGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGACTTTTACCACCTTCATTAACTCTTTTAACTATAAGAA GAATTGTAGAAAATGGAGCAGGTACTGGATGAACAGTTTATCCCCCTCTTTCTAGAAATATTGGACATA VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park Krem Stream, upstream of culvert at road TAGGAAGTTCAGTAGATCTAACAATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCAGGAATTTCATCTATTTTAGGAGCTATT Elv. 1159 m, 16.1958°N, 107.8490°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. AATTTTATTACAACAGTAATAAATATACGCTCTAAAGGTATATCTTTAGATCAAATACCTTTATTTGTTT Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 1-Jul-2017 GATCTGTAGCTATTACAGCTCTTCTTCTCTTATTATCATTACCTGTTTTAGCAGGAGCTATTACTATACTT VN55 7VN11 Rhyacophila larva TTAACTGATCGAAATCTTAATACTTCCTTTTTTGACCCTGCAGGAGGAGGAG---??????????????????????? AACTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGGATTTGAGCAGGTATAGTAGGATCTTCATTAAGAATAATTATTCGTACA GAATTAGGAATACCAGGATCACTAATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAATGTAGTAGTAACCGCTCATGCT TTTATCATAATTTTCTTTATAGTAATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTCGGGAATTGATTAGTTCCATTAAT ACTTGGTGCACCTGATATAGCTTTTCCTCGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGACTTTTACCACCTTCATTAA CTCTTTTAACTATAAGAAGAATTGTAGAAAATGGAGCAGGTACTGGATGAACAGTTTATCCCCCTCTTTC TAGAAATATTGGACATATAGGAAGTTCAGTAGATCTAACAATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCAGGAATTTCA VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park Krem Stream, upstream of culvert at road TCTATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATTACAACAGTAATAAATATACGCTCTAAAGGTATATCTTTAGATC Elv. 1159 m, 16.1958°N, 107.8490°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. AAATACCTTTATTTGTTTGATCTGTAGCTATTACAGCTCTTCTTCTCTTATTATCATTACCTGTTTTAGCAG Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 1-Jul-2017 GAGCTATTACTATACTTTTAACTGATCGAAATCTTAATACTTCCTTTTTTGACCCTGCAGGAGGAGGAGA VN56 7VN12 Rhyacophila larva TCCA----????????????????? AACTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGGATTTGAGCAGGTATAGTAGGATCTTCATTAAGAATAATTATTCGTACA GAATTAGGAATACCAGGATCACTAATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAATGTAGTAGTAACCGCTCATGCT TTTATCATAATTTTCTTTATAGTAATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTCGGGAATTGATTAGTTCCATTAAT ACTTGGTGCACCTGATATAGCTTTTCCTCGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGACTTTTACCACCTTCATTAA CTCTTTTAACTATAAGAAGAATTGTAGAAAATGGAGCAGGTACTGGATGAACAGTTTATCCCCCTCTTTC TAGAAATATTGGACATATAGGAAGTTCAGTAGATCTAACAATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCAGGAATTTCA VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park Krem Stream, upstream of culvert at road TCTATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATTACAACAGTAATAAATATACGCTCTAAAGGTATATCTTTAGATC Elv. 1159 m, 16.1958°N, 107.8490°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. AAATACCTTTATTTGTTTGATCTGTAGCTATTACAGCTCTTCTTCTCTTATTATCATTACCTGTTTTAGCAG Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 1-Jul-2017 GAGCTATTACTATACTTTTAACTGATCGAAATCTTAATACTTCCTTTTTTGACCCTGCAGGAGGAGGAGA VN57 7VN13 Rhyacophila larva TCCAATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT AACATTATACTTTATATTTGGAATCTGATCAAGATTAATTGGAACTTCTTTAAGAATAATTATTCGAATT GAATTATCAACTCCTAATTCTTTCTTAGGTAATGATCAAATCTATAATTCAATTGTAACAATTCATGCTTT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCAATTATAATTGGTGGATTTGGAAATTGACTTGTACCATTGATAC TTTCAGCTCCAGATATAGCTTTCCCACGAATAAATAATTTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCACTACTT TTCTTAATTTCAAGAATATTCATAGATTCAAGTATAGGAACAGGATGAACTGTTTACCCTCCCCTATCAA ACAATTTATTTCATTCAGGAAAGGCTGTAGATATTTCAATTTTCTCATTACATTTAGCCGGAATCTCTTCC VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park Krem Stream, upstream of culvert at road ATTTTAGGTGCTATTAATTTTATTACTACAATTATTAATATAAAATTAAAAACAATATCATTTGACTCTTT Elv. 1159 m, 16.1958°N, 107.8490°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. ACCTCTTTTCGTATGATCTGTAGGAATTACAGCCTTACTACTACTTCTTTCTTTACCCGTCTTAGCAGGAG Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 1-Jul-2017 CCATCACAATACTTCTAACTGATCGAAATTTAAATACTTCCTTTTTCGACCCTAATGGAGGAGGAGACCC VN59 8VN1 Drepantocentron sp nr.vercaius adult male AATTCTTTATCAACATTTATTC AACATTATATTTCATTCTAGGAATTTGATCTAGACTAATCGGAACATCCCTAAGAATAATAATCCGACTA GAACTCAGAATCCCTGGATCATTATATAACAATGAACAACTTTACAACTCAATCGTTACAATCCATGCAT TCATTATAATTTTCTTCATGATTATACCAATCATAATTGGAGGATTCGGAAATTGAATAGTACCTCTAAT ACTAGGATCCCCAGATATAGCATTCCCACGAATAAATAATCTCAGATTCTGATTACTACCTCCATCACTC TTTTTCCTAATTTCAAGAATATTCATAAATAATAGACTAGGTACAGGATGAACTATATACCCCCCATTAT CAAACAATCTATTCCATAGAGGAAAATCCGTAGATATAGCAATTTTCTCCCTACATCTAGCAGGAATCTC ATCAATCCTAGGAGCAATCAACTTCATTTCAACAACCCTAAATATAAAACTGAAATCACTACCCCTTAAC VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park: Hoāng Yên Stream, near potable water AATTTAACCCTATTCGCATGATCAATTATAATTACCGCAATTCTTCTCCTACTATCTCTTCCAGTACTTGC station. Elv. 1301 m 16.1949°N, 107.8577°E Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. AGGAGCAATCACCATAGTATTAACAGACCGGAACATAAATACCTCATTTTTCAATCCTATAGGGGGAGG VN6 1VN6 Ecnomus larva Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 1 July 2017 AGACCCATTACTATTCCAACACCTATTC AACATTATACTTTATATTTGGAATCTGATCAAGATTAATTGGAACTTCTTTAAGAATAATTATTCGAATT GAATTATCAACTCCTAATTCTTTCTTAGGTAATGATCAAATCTATAATTCAATTGTAACAATTCATGCTTT 77 TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCAATTATAATTGGTGGATTTGGAAATTGACTTGTACCATTGATAC TTTCAGCTCCAGATATAGCTTTCCCACGAATAAATAATTTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCACTACTT TTCTTAATTTCAAGAATATTCATAGATTCAAGTATAGGAACAGGATGAACTGTTTACCCTCCCCTATCAA ACAATTTATTTCATTCAGGAAAGGCTGTAGATATTTCAATTTTCTCATTACATTTAGCCGGAATCTCTTCC VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park Krem Stream, upstream of culvert at road ATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATTACTACAATTATTAATATAAAATTAAAAACAATATCATTTGACTCTTT Elv. 1159 m, 16.1958°N, 107.8490°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. ACCTCTTTTCGTATGATCTGTAGGAATTACAGCCTTACTACTACTTCTTTCTTTACCCGTCTTAGCAGGAG Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 1-Jul-2017 CCATCACAATACTTCTAACTGATCGAAATTTAAATACTTCCTTTTTCGACCCTAATGGAGGAGGAGACCC VN60 11VN1 Drepantocentron n. sp. adult male AA---????????????????? AACATTATACTTTATATTTGGAATCTGATCAAGATTAATTGGAACTTCTTTAAGAATAATTATTCGAATT GAATTATCAACTCCTAATTCTTTCTTAGGTAATGATCAAATCTATAATTCAATTGTAACAATTCATGCTTT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCAATTATAATTGGTGGATTTGGAAATTGACTTGTACCATTGATAC TTTCAGCTCCAGATATAGCTTTCCCACGAATAAATAATTTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCACTACTT TTCTTAATTTCAAGAATATTCATAGATTCAAGTATAGGAACAGGATGAACTGTTTACCCTCCCCTATCAA ACAATTTATTTCATTCAGGAAAGGCTGTAGATATTTCAATTTTCTCATTACATTTAGCCGGAATCTCTTCC VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park Krem Stream, upstream of culvert at road ATTTTAGGTGCTATTAATTTTATTACTACAATTATTAATATAAAATTAAAAACAATATCATTTGACTCTTT Elv. 1159 m, 16.1958°N, 107.8490°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. ACCTCTTTTCGTATGATCTGTAGGAATTACAGCCTTACTACTACTTCTTTCTTTACCCGTCTTAGCAGGAG Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 1-Jul-2017 CCATCACAATACTTCTAACTGATCGAAATTTAAATACTTCCTTTTTCGACCCTAATGGAGGAGGAGACCC VN61 11VN2 Drepantocentron n. sp. adult male AATTCTTTATCAACATTTATTC AACATTATACTTTATATTTGGAATCTGATCAAGATTAATTGGAACTTCTTTAAGAATAATTATTCGAATT GAATTATCAACTCCTAATTCTTTCTTAGGTAATGATCAAATCTATAATTCAATTGTAACAATTCATGCTTT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCAATTATAATTGGTGGATTTGGAAATTGACTTGTACCATTGATAC TTTCAGCTCCAGATATAGCTTTCCCACGAATAAATAATTTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCACTACTT TTCTTAATTTCAAGAATATTCATAGATTCAAGTATAGGAACAGGATGAACTGTTTACCCTCCCCTATCAA ACAATTTATTTCATTCAGGAAAGGCTGTAGATATTTCAATTTTCTCATTACATTTAGCCGGAATCTCTTCC VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park Krem Stream, upstream of culvert at road ATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATTACTACAATTATTAATATAAAATTAAAAACAATATCATTTGACTCTTT Elv. 1159 m, 16.1958°N, 107.8490°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. ACCTCTTTTCGTATGATCTGTAGGAATTACAGCCTTACTACTACTTCTTTCTTTACCCGTCTTAGCAGGAG Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 1-Jul-2017 CCATCACAATACTTCTAACTGATCGAAATTTAAATACTTCCTTTTTCGACCCTAATGGAGGAGGAGACCC VN62 11VN3 Drepantocentron n. sp. adult male AATTCTTTATCAACATTTATTC AACATTATACTTTATATTTGGAATCTGATCAAGATTAATTGGAACTTCTTTAAGAATAATTATTCGAATT GAATTATCAACTCCTAATTCTTTCTTAGGTAATGATCAAATCTATAATTCAATTGTAACAATTCATGCTTT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCAATTATAATTGGTGGATTTGGAAATTGACTTGTACCATTGATAC TTTCAGCTCCAGATATAGCTTTCCCACGAATAAATAATTTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCACTACTT TTCTTAATTTCAAGAATATTCATAGATTCAAGTATAGGAACAGGATGAACTGTTTACCCTCCCCTATCAA ACAATTTATTTCATTCAGGAAAGGCTGTAGATATTTCAATTTTCTCATTACATTTAGCCGGAATCTCTTCC VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park Krem Stream, upstream of culvert at road ATTTTAGGTGCTATTAATTTTATTACTACAATTATTAATATAAAATTAAAAACAATATCATTTGACTCTTT Elv. 1159 m, 16.1958°N, 107.8490°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. ACCTCTTTTCGTATGATCTGTAGGAATTACAGCCTTACTACTACTTCTTTCTTTACCCGTCTTAGCAGGAG Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 1-Jul-2017 CCATCACAATACTTCTAACTGATCGAAATTTAAATACTTCCTTTTTCGACCCTAATGGAGGAGGAGACCC VN67 8VN9 Drepanocentron larva AATTCTTTATCAACATTTATTC AACATTATACTTTATATTTGGAATCTGATCAAGATTAATTGGAACTTCTTTAAGAATAATTATTCGAATT GAATTATCAACTCCTAATTCTTTCTTAGGTAATGATCAAATCTATAATTCAATTGTAACAATTCATGCTTT TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCAATTATAATTGGTGGATTTGGAAATTGACTTGTACCATTGATAC TTTCAGCTCCAGATATAGCTTTCCCACGAATAAATAATTTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCACTACTT TTCTTAATTTCAAGAATATTCATAGATTCAAGTATAGGAACAGGATGAACTGTTTACCCTCCCCTATCAA ACAATTTATTTCATTCAGGAAAGGCTGTAGATATTTCAATTTTCTCATTACATTTAGCCGGAATCTCTTCC VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park Krem Stream, upstream of culvert at road ATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATTACTACAATTATTAATATAAAATTAAAAACAATATCATTTGACTCTTT Elv. 1159 m, 16.1958°N, 107.8490°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. ACCTCTTTTCGTATGATCTGTAGGAATTACAGCCTTACTACTACTTCTTTCTTTACCCGTCTTAGCAGGAG Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 1-Jul-2017 CCATCACAATACTTCTAACTGATCGAAATTTAAATACTTCCTTTTTCGACCCTAATGGAGGAGGAGACCC VN69 8VN11 Drepanocentron larva AAT--????????????????? ??????????????TTTTAGGGATCTGATCAGGATTAATTGGTTCATCTTTAAGATTAATTATTCGAACTGAATT AAGAAGACCTGGATTTTTTATTGGTAATGACCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACAGCACATGCTTTTATT ATAATTTTCTTCATAGTTATACCTATTATAATCGGAGGATTTGGAAATTGATTAGTTCCATTAATATTAG GATCTCCTGACATAGCCTTTCCTCGAATAAATAATATGAGATTCTGATTTTTACCCCCTTCTCTTTCTTTA TTAATTTCAAGAAGATTGATTAATTCAGGAGCAGGAACTGGATGAACTGTTTACCCTCCCCTATCCTCAA ATTTATCCCATTTAGGTTCATCAGTAGATTTAACTATTTTCTCTCTTCATTTAGCTGGAATTTCCTCTATTC VIETNAM: Cúc Phuöng National ParkOld Tree Stream. Elv. 406 m TTGGAGCTGTTAATTTTATCACTACAATTTTAAATATAAAATTCTTTAATTTAAACTACGATATAATTCCT 20.3501°N, 105.6026°E Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn CTATTTGTATGATCAGTTCTAATTACAGCTGTACTTCTTTTATTATCCCTACCAGTACTAGCAGGGGCTAT T.M., Mai V.S., Tô T.H.Y., Nguyễn V.H. 24-Jun-2017 TACTATATTATTAACAGATCGAAATCTAAACACATCTTTTTTCGACCCCGC-- VN7 1VN7 Diplectrona larva ??????????????????????????????????? AACATTATACTTTATATTTGGAATCTGATCAAGATTAATTGGAACTTCTTTAAGAATAATTATTCGAATT GAATTATCAACTCCTAATTCTTTCTTAGGTAATGATCAAATCTATAATTCAATTGTAACAATTCATGCTTT 78 TATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCAATTATAATTGGTGGATTTGGAAATTGACTTGTACCATTGATAC TTTCAGCTCCAGATATAGCTTTCCCACGAATAAATAATTTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCACTACTT TTCTTAATTTCAAGAATATTCATAGATTCAAGTATAGGAACAGGATGAACTGTTTACCCTCCCCTATCAA ACAATTTATTTCATTCAGGAAAGGCTGTAGATATTTCAATTTTCTCATTACATTTAGCCGGAATCTCTTCC VIETNAM: Bąch Mã National Park Krem Stream, upstream of culvert at road ATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATTACTACAATTATTAATATAAAATTAAAAACAATATCATTTGACTCTTT Elv. 1159 m, 16.1958°N, 107.8490°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. ACCTCTTTTCGTATGATCTGTAGGAATTACAGCCTTACTACTACTTCTTTCTTTACCCGTCTTAGCAGGAG Genco, Nguyễn T.M., Hugnh, D.H., Nguyễn V.H. 1-Jul-2017 CCATCACAATACTTCTAACTGATCGAAATTTAAATACTTCCTTTTTCGACCCTAATGGAGGAGGAGACCC VN70 8VN12 Drepanocentron larva AATTCTTTATCAACATTTATTC AACTCTTTATTTCATATTTGGAATTTGATCAGGTATTGTAGGATCATCTCTTAGATTCCTTATTCGAATAG AATTAAGAATACCTGGTTCACTAATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAATGTAATTGTTACATCTCATGCTTT TATTATAATTTTCTTCATAGTTATACCTATTATAATTGGGGGATTTGGAAACTGATTAGTTCCATTAATAT TAGGATCTCCTGATATAGCCTTTCCTCGAATAAATAATCTAAGATTCTGGTTCCTCCCCCCTTCTTTAATT TTACTTTTATTAAGAAGATTAACTAATTCAGGAGCAGGAACAGGTTGAACAGTTTACCCCCCCCTATCAT CAAATTTATCTCATTTGGGGAGATCGGTAGATCTTACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCTGGAATTTCATCA VIETNAM: Cúc Phuöng National Park, small 1st order cobble-bottom stream ATTTTAGGAGCAATCAATTTTATTTCTACTTCATTCAATATGAAATTAAATAAATTAAACTATGAAATTT in woods near rice paddies of small village near Nghéo River. Elv. 107 m. TACCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTAGCAATTACAGCTTTACTTCTTTTATTATCTTTACCTGTATTAGCTGGG 20.3287°N, 105.5333°E. Coll. J.C. Morse, K. Murray, M.S. Genco, Nguyễn GCCATTACTATATTACTAACCGATCGAAATTTAAATACATCGTTTTTTGACCCAGC-- VN98 10VN1 Cheumatopsyche lucida adult male T.M., Mai V.S., Nguyễn V.H. 27-Jun-2017 ??????????????????????????????????? Lifestage/ processid species_name sex lat long country province_state identified by collectors institution_storing sequence seq_primers TACAATTTATTTTTTATTTGGAATTTGATCAGGAATAGTGGGAACTTCATTAAGAATAATTATTCGAATTGAATTATCC TCAGTTAATTCATTAATTTTAAATGATCAAATTTATAATGTATTAGTTACAGCTCATGCATTCATTATAATTTTTTTTATA GTAATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAATTGATTAGTCCCATTAATAATTGGGGCCCCTGATATAGCTTTTCCTC GTATAAATAATATAAGTTTTTGACTTCTTCCCCCTTCTTTAAATTTTCTTTTAATTAGATCTGTTGTTGAAAGTGGAACT GGAACAGGATGAACTGTTTACCCTCCTCTTTCTAGAAATTTAGCTCATTCAGGGAGATCAGTTGATTTTTCAATTTTTT CCTTACATTTAGCTGGAATTTCTTCTATTCTTGGAGCTATTAATTTTATTTCTACAACTATTAATATACGATCAAATTTAA Centre for TTTCTTTAGACCGAATACCCCTATTTGTTTGATCAGTAGCTATTACTGCTCTATTATTATTATTATCTCTCCCTGTTTTAG Brachycentrus Biodiversity CCGGAGCTATTACCATACTTTTAACTGATCGAAATTTAAATACATCATTTTTTGATCCTGCAGGAGGGGGCGACCCAA ABCAD049‐08 americanus adult 49.078 ‐113.882 Canada Alberta Xin Zhou BIObus 2008 Genomics TTTTATACCAACATTTATTT M13R|M13F AACCTTATATTTTATATTTGGTATTTGATCAGGTTTAGTCGGATCATCACTAAGATTTATTATCCGAATAGAATTAAGA ACCCCCGGAAGATTCATTGGAAATGACCAAATTTACAATGTAATTGTCACTTCTCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTCAT Xin Zhou,Shanlin AGTTATACCCATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGTAATTGGCTAGTGCCCCTAATATTAGGTTCTCCCGATATAGCTTTCCCT Liu,Yiyuan CGAATAAACAATCTCAGATTTTGATTTTTACCACCCTCTTTAATTTTCCTTCTATTAAGAAGAATGACTAATTCAGGGG Li,Qiong CTGGAACTGGTTGAACAGTATACCCTCCCCTATCTTCAAACCTATCTCATGCAGGCAGATCAGTCGATTTAACTATTTT Wu,Weifang TTCTTTGCACATAGCTGGAATTTCATCCATTTTAGGGGCTATTAACTTTATTTCTACTATTATAAATATAAAATTTAAAA Shi,Tao ATTTAAATTTTGAAATAATTCCCCTATTTGTATGATCAATTTTAATCACTGCTATCCTTCTTCTTCTTTCATTACCTGTAC Hydropsyche Song,Huimin Beijing Genomics TAGCAGGGGCTATTACCATACTTCTTACTGACCGTAATCTCAACACCTCTTTCTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGGGGGGATC BGICH418‐11 simulata imature 23.6774 113.771 China Guangdong Weifang Shi Zhong Institute CAATTTTATACCAACATTTATTT AACCTTATATTTCATCTTCGGAATTTGATCAGGATGCCTTGGTTCTTCAATAAGAATTCTTATTCGAATTGAATTATCAT CTCCATTAAGTTTAATCGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAATGTTATTGTTACTGCTCATGCTTTCATTATAATTTTCTTTATA GTTATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAACTGACTTATTCCTCTTATACTTGGAGCCCCAGATATAGCCTTCCCTC GAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTATTACCACCATCTCTTACTTTCTTATTAATCAGAAGATTAACTAATACAGGAGC AGGGACTGGTTGAACAGTTTACCCTCCTTTAGCATCTAATCTTTCTCACGCTGGAAGAGCAGTTGATCTAACAATTTTT TCATTACATTTAGCAGGTATCTCTTCAATTTTAGGAGCCATCAATTTTATTACTACTATTTTAAATATAAAATCTAATAA

University of TCTTAAAATAGATAAAATTCCTCTTTTTGTATGATCAGTATTAATTACAGCCGTACTATTACTTCTATCTTTACCAGTTCT BOLD OutgroupInformation Pseudoleptonema adult Huisman & de Minnesota Insect AGCTGGTGCTATTACTATGCTTTTAACAGATCGTAACTTAAACACTTCCTTTTTCGACCCAGCTGGAGGGGGGGATCC KKUMN113‐10 sinuatum female 4.95 117.75 Malaysia Sabah Ralph W. Holzenthal Jong Collection AATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT MLepF1|M13R|M13R|LCO1490 AACTTTATATTTCATCTTTGGTATTTGATCCGGAATAGTAGGAACCTCCTTAAGAATAATTATTCGATTAGAATTAAGA ACTACAGGAACTTTTATTGGCAACGATCAAATCTATAATTCAATCGTAACTGCCCACGCATTTGTTATAATTTTTTTCAT AGTAATACCAATTATAATCGGAGGATTCGGAAATTGATTAGTCCCTCTGATATTAGGGGCTCCAGATATAGCCTTCCC CCGAATAAATAACATAAGATTTTGACTACTCCCCCCTTCATTAATCTTCCTAACTTCCTCAATATTCATAGATAACGGA Appendix B GCAGGAACAGGCTGAACAGTATACCCACCCTTATCCGCCAATATCTCCCATAGAGGGAAAGCTGTAGACATTACAAT TTTTTCACTTCACCTAGCTGGTATCTCATCAATTTTAGGAGCCATTAATTTTATTACTACAATTATAAATATACGACCCT CATCAATAACATTAGAACAAATCCCTCTATTTGTCTGATCTGTAAAAATTACAGCCATTCTTTTACTTCTCTCACTACCA Stenopsyche adult University of GTACTAGCCGGAGCAATTACTATACTATTAACAGACCGAAATCTAAATACCTCATTTTTCGACCCTGCTGGAGGGGGA 79 BHMKK055‐12 benaventi male 19.383 98.383 Thailand Mae Hong Son Hans Malicky Hans Malicky Minnesota GACCCCATTTTATACCAACATTTATTTNNNNNNNNN LCO1490|HCO2198 ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ Centre for ACTAGGAACATCTTTAAGAATATTAATTCGTTTAGAATTAAGAACTTCTGGATACTTAATTGGAAACGACCAAATTTA Glossosoma adult Biodiversity TAATGTTATTGTAACAGCTCATGCTTTTGTAATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGGAATT ABCAD092‐08 velonum female 49.11 ‐113.842 Canada Alberta Xin Zhou BIObus 2008 Genomics GATTAGTTCCCTTAATACTAGGAGCACCAGATATAGCTTTCCCACGTCTTAATAATATAAG M13F|M13R AACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCCGGATTAGTTGGATCTTCTTTAAGATTCCTTATTCGAATTGAACTTAGAA CTCCAGGGTCTTTAATTGGAAATGACCAAATTTATAATGTAATTGTCACTTCTCATGCATTTATTATAATTTTCTTTATA GTTATACCCATTATAATCGGAGGATTTGGAAACTGACTAGTTCCTTTAATATTAGGGTCCCCAGATATAGCCTTCCCTC GAATAAATAATTTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCTCCTTCATTACTTCTTTTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCAGGAGCT GGCACAGGTTGAACTGTTTATCCTCCTCTATCATCTAATCTATCTCACCTAGGAAGATCAGTAGATTTAACTATTTTCTC TCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATCTCATCAATTTTAGGAGCAATTAATTTCATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAAATTAATAAAT University of TAAATTATGAAATTCTTCCTCTTTTTGTCTGATCAGTAGCTATTACTGCCGTTTTACTTCTATTATCCCTACCTGTTTTAG Cheumatopsyche adult Minnesota Insect CTGGCGCGATTACTATACTACTAACAGATCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGGGGAGACCCCA UMNEA053‐08 pasella male United States Florida Roger J. Blahnik Nations & Howe Collection TTCTATATCAACATTTATTT M13R|M13F AACTCTATATTTTATTCTAGGAATCTGATCAAGACTAATCGGAACCTCACTAAGAATAATGATTCGACTAGAACTGAG AATCCCTGGATCACTTTACAATAATGAACAATTATACAACTCCATTGTTACAATCCATGCATTCATTATAATTTTCTTCA TAATTATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGATTCGGAAATTGAATAGTACCACTAATACTAGGATCACCAGATATAGCATTCC CACGAATAAATAATCTCAGATTCTGATTACTGCCCCCATCACTCTTTTTCCTAATCTCAAGAATATTTATAAATAATAGA TTAGGTACAGGATGAACTATATACCCACCATTATCAAATAACTTATTTCACAGAGGAAAATCAGTAGATATAGCAATC TTCTCATTACACCTAGCTGGAATCTCATCAATCCTAGGAGCCATTAATTTCATCTCAACAACCTTAAATATAAAACTTA AATCCCTACCTCTCAATAACCTAACTCTATTCTCTTGATCAATTATAATTACAGCAGTACTCCTATTACTATCCCTTCCA Pseudoneureclipsis adult University of GTTCTAGCAGGAGCAATTACTATAATATTAACAGATCGAAACATAAACACATCATTTTTCAACCCAATAGGAGGAGG HMKKT889‐11 ramosa male ‐8.2575 115.07 Indonesia Bali Hans Malicky V. Ivanov Minnesota AGATCCCCTTCTATTTCAACACCTATTC C_LepFolF|C_LepFolR AACTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGCATTTGATCAAGCTTAATTGGAACATCATTAAGTATAATTATTCGAATTGAACTAAGA ACCCCAGGATCATTTATGGGAAACGATCAAATTTATAATTCAATTGTTACTGTTCATGCATTTATTATAATTTTTTTTAT AGTAATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAATTGATTAGTACCACTAATATTAGGAGCACCAGATATAGCATTCCC TCGAATAAATAACCTGAGATTTTGATTTTTACCTCCCTCAATTTTTTTTTTAATTTCTGCCATATTCATAGATAATAGAG CAGGAACTGGGTGAACAGTATACCCACCTCTTTCAAATAATATATTTCATTCAGGAAAAGCTGTTGATATTTCAATTTT TTCTCTTCACTTAGCAGGAATCTCATCAATTTTAGGAGCTATTAACTTTATTACAACTATCATTAATATAAAACTCAAAC Centre for AAATTACATTTGACATTTTACCCCTTTTTGTTTGATCAATTGGAATTACAGCATTATTATTACTTTTATCTTTACCAGTAC Biodiversity TAGCAGGAGCTATTACTATATTACTTACAGACCGTAATTTAAATACCTCATTCTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGAGGAGATC ABCAD189‐08 Psychomyia flavida adult 49.078 ‐113.882 Canada Alberta Xin Zhou BIObus 2008 Genomics CTATTCTATACCAACATTTATTT M13F|M13R CACATTATATTTTATTTTTGGAATCTGATCAGGAATTTTAGGTATAACATTAAGTTTAATTATTCGAATTGAATTAAGA ACACTAAATAATTTTCTTAACAATGACCAAATTTATAACGTAATAGTTACTTCTCACGCTTTTATCATAATTTTTTTTATA GTTATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGATTCGGTAATTGATTAGTTCCTTTAATAATAACAACCCCAGATATAGCTTTTCCTC GAATAAATAATCTTAGTTTTTGATTTTTACCTCCTTCTATAATATTAATAATCACTAGCATATTAGTGAATTCAGGCTCA GGAACAGGTTGAACAGTCTATCCTCCTCTTTCTTCTAATCTATCCCATATAGGCTCTTCAGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTTC TTTACATCTTGCAGGAATTTCATCAATTCTAGGAGCTATTAACTTCATAACTACAATTATAAATATAAAAATTAATAAT Centre for TTAAATTTTGAACTTATTCCTTTATTTAGTTGATCTGTATTTATTACAGCAGTCTTACTCCTTCTTTCTCTTCCTGTTCTAG Biodiversity CTGGGGCTATCACTATACTCTTATTTGACCGTAATCTAAATTCTTCATTTTTTGACCCTGCAGGAGGAGGAGATCCAAT BBLOB1401‐11 Smicridea signata adult 34.75 ‐112.022 United States Arizona BioBus 2011 Genomics TCTTTATCAACATCTTTTT LepF1|LepR1 AACCCTATATTTTATTTTAGGAATCTGATCAGGAATAATTGGATCATCTCTAAGTTTAATTATTCGAACTGAATTAAGA AGACCCGGATTTTTCATTGGAAACGACCAGATTTATAATGTAATTGTCACTGCTCATGCTTTTGTTATAATTTTCTTTAT AGTTATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGTTTTGGAAATTGATTAGTTCCATTAATATTAGGGTCCCCTGATATAGCTTTTCCA CGTATAAATAACATAAGATTTTGATTTCTCCCCCCTTCTTTAACTCTCTTAGTTTCAAGAAGCCTTATTAACTCAGGAGC TGGGACTGGATGAACAGTTTACCCCCCCTTATCTTCTAATTTATCTCATCTAGGATCATCAGTCGATTTAACAATTTTCT CACTTCATTTAGCAGGTATTTCCTCTATTTTAGGAGCCGTAAATTTTATCACTACAATTCTAAATATAAAATTATTTAAT TTAAACTACGATATAATTCCCCTATTTGTATGATCAGTACTTATTACAGCTGTCTTACTTCTTTTATCCTTACCAGTTTTA Diplectrona adult GCAGGAGCTATCACTATACTATTAACTGATCGAAATTTAAACACATCTTTCTTTGACCCTGCAGGAGGGGGAGATCCT CRCAD030‐07 modesta female United States South Carolina Ian Stocks T. Ames Clemson University ATTCTGTACCAACATCTATTT LepF1|LepR1 ‐ ACTCTTTACTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCCGGATTAGTTGGATCTTCTTTAAGATTCCTTATTCGAATTGAACTTAGAAC T. Bringloe, V. Centre for TCCAGGGTCTTTAATCGGAAATGACCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCTCATGCATTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAG Cheumatopsyche Harvey, S. Ripley, Biodiversity TTATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTCGGCAATTGATTAGTCCCTTTAATATTAGGGTCACCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTCG LEPTO1068‐13 oxa imature 39.918 ‐75.723 United States Pennsylvania Trevor Bringloe K. Rondollo Genomics AATAAATAATTTAAG C_LepFolR AACTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGAATTTGATCCGGTTTAATCGGTTCATCCTTAAGATTCCTAATTCGTATAGAATTAAGAA TCCCCGGAACTTTAATTGGTAATGATCAAATTTACAATGTAATTGTAACCTCACATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATA GTTATACCAATTATAATTGGTGGTTTCGGAAACTGACTAATCCCACTAATACTCGGGTCCCCCGATATAGCTTTCCCTC GAATAAACAATATAAGATTTTGATTCCTTCCCCCCTCCTTAATTTTTTTACTTTTTAGAAGTCTTTTAAATTCAGGAGCA GGAACTGGTTGAACAGTTTACCCTCCCCTATCCTCTAATCTATCTCACTTAGGTAGATCTGTCGATATAACAATTTTTTC TCTACATTTAGCAGGAATTTCTTCTATTCTTGGAGCAATCAATTTTATCTCTACTATTATAAATATAAAATTTAAAAATT TAAATTATGAAATAATACCACTCTTTGTTTGATCAGTATTAATCACAGCAGTATTATTATTACTGTCTTTACCAGTTCTC adult J.C. Morse,Sun Smithsonian GCAGGAGCTATTACTATATTATTAACTGATCGAAATCTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCTGGAGGGGGAGATCCT CJCAD012‐07 Hydromanicus melli male 23.702 114.609 China Guangdong Christy J. Geraci C.,X. Zhou Institution ATTCTTTATCAACATCTTTTT M13F|M13R ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ TTAGGAATCTGATCAGGAATAATCGGAACTTCCTTAAGAATATTAATTCGATTAGAATTAAGATCCCCAGGATTTCTA Centre for ATTGGAAACGATCAAATTTATAATGTAATTGTAACAGCGCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTCATAGTAATACCTATTAT Hydroptila Biodiversity GGTTGGAGGATTCGGAAATTGATTAGTCCCACTAATATTGGGAATTCCGGATATAGCATTTCCCCGAATAAATAATAT AVMTT043‐09 waubesiana adult 45.4684 ‐73.6311 Canada Quebec Xin Zhou Andrey Vedenin Genomics AAG LepF1|LepR1 80 AACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCAGGATTAGTCGGGTCTTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTGAACTTAGAA CACCAGGATCTTTAATCGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCCCATGCGTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATA GTTATACCCATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGCAATTGATTAGTCCCTTTAATATTAGGGTCACCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTC GGATAAATAATCTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCATTACTTCTTTTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAACTCAGGAGC TGGCACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCTCCTCTATCATCTAATCTATCTCATCTCGGAAGATCAGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTT I.Stocks,CJGeraci, CTCTTCATTTAGCCGGTATTTCATCAATTTTAGGGGCAATTAATTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAGATTAATAAA L.Harvey,J.Robins TTAAATTATGAAATTCTTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCTATTACTGCCATCTTATTACTTCTATCCCTACCAGTTCTA Cheumatopsyche adult on,X.Zhou,K.Hind University of GCTGGCGCAATTACTATATTATTAACAGATCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGAGGGGATCCT SMCAD352‐07 enigma female 35.6275 ‐83.0989 United States North Carolina David Etnier ,J.Wilson,A.Timm Tennessee, Knoxville ATTCTATACCAACATTTATTT M13F|M13R AACTCTATATTTTATTCTCGGAATCTGATCAAGACTAATCGGAACCTCACTGAGAATAATAATTCGACTAGAACTAAG AATCCCTGGATCACTTTACAATAATGAACAATTATACAACTCCATTGTTACAATTCATGCATTTATTATAATTTTCTTCA TAATTATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGATTCGGAAATTGAATAGTACCACTAATACTAGGATCACCAGATATAGCATTCC CACGAATAAATAATCTCAGATTCTGACTACTACCCCCATCACTTTTTTTCTTAATCTCAAGAATATTCATAAATAATAGA TTGGGTACGGGATGAACTATATACCCACCATTATCAAATAACTTATTCCACAGAGGTAAATCAGTAGATATAGCAATC TTCTCATTACACCTAGCTGGAATCTCATCAATTCTAGGAGCTATTAATTTCATTTCAACAACCTTAAATATAAAACTTAA ATCCCTACCTCTCAATAACCTAACCCTATTCTCTTGATCAATTATAATTACAGCAGTACTACTATTACTATCTCTTCCAGT Pseudoneureclipsis adult University of TCTAGCAGGAGCAATTACTATAGTACTAACAGATCGAAATATAAACACATCATTTTTCAACCCAATAGGAGGAGGAG HMKKT906‐11 ramosa male Indonesia Nusa Tenggara Barat Hans Malicky S.I. Meinitsky Minnesota ATCCCCTTCTATTCCAACACCTATTC C_LepFolF|C_LepFolR AACTTTATATTTTATACTAGGTATCTGATCAAGACTAATTGGAACATCACTAAGAATAATAATTCGATTAGAATTAAG AATCCCAGGATCATTCATCAATAATGAACAACTATACAATTCAATAGTAACCATTCATGCATTTATTATAATTTTCTTCA TAATTATACCAATCATAATTGGAGGATTCGGAAATTGAATAGTCCCTCTAATACTCGGATCACCTGATATAGCTTTCCC ACGAATAAATAATTTAAGATTCTGACTCTTACCCCCATCACTTTTCTTCCTAATTTCAAGAATATTCATAAATAATAGAC TAGGAACAGGATGAACGATATATCCACCATTATCAAACAATATATTTCATAGAGGAAAATCAGTAGATATATCAATTT TCTCTTTACATCTAGCAGGCATTTCATCAATTCTTGGAGCCATTAATTTCATCTCAACATCACTAAATATAAAACTCAAT TTCCTTCCTCTAAATAACTTAACATTATTCACATGATCAATTATAATTACAGCAATTCTCCTATTATTATCTCTACCAGTA Pseudoneureclipsis adult University of CTAGCAGGAGCAATTACTATAGTACTTACAGACCGAAACCTAAACACATCATTTTTCAATCCAATAGGAGGAGGAGA BHMKK129‐12 philemon male 19.35 98.45 Thailand Mae Hong Son Hans Malicky Hans Malicky Minnesota TCCACTACTATTTCAACACCTATGTNNNNNNNNN LCO1490|HCO2198 AACTCTGTATTTTATCCTAGGRATTTGATCTGGTTTAATCGGATCCTCGCTTAGATTAATCATTCGAACTGAACTAAGA AGCCCAGGTATATTTATTGGTAACGATCAAATCTACAACGTAGTTGTTACAGCCCATGCCTTCATTATAATCTTTTTTA TAGTAATACCCATTATAATCGGAGGATTCGGAAATTGATTAGTCCCATTAATATTAGGTTCTCCTGATATAGCTTTCCC CCGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCGTTAACTCTTCTAATTTCAAGTAGATTAATCAACTCAGGT GCTGGAACAGGATGAACTGTCTACCCTCCCCTTTCGTCTAATCTTTCTCACTTAGGATCATCAGTAGACTTAACCATTT TTTCTCTTCACTTAGCTGGAATCTCTTCAATTCTTGGGGCCGTCAATTTTATTACTACCATCATTAATATAAAATTCTTCA ATCTAAACTACGATATAATCCCCCTCTTCGTCTGATCAGTACTTATTACAGCTGTACTACTCCTATTATCACTCCCAGTT adult University of TTAGCCGGAGCTATTACTATATTATTAACTGACCGCAATCTAAACACATCCTTCTTTGATCCAGCAGGAGGGGGGGAC BHMKK070‐12 Diplectrona eurydike male 19.433 98.333 Thailand Mae Hong Son Hans Malicky Hans Malicky Minnesota CCAATCTTGTATCAACATTTATTTNNNNNNNNN LCO1490|HCO2198 AACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCAGGATTAGTCGGGTCTTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTGAACTTAGAA CACCAGGATCTTTAATCGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCCCATGCGTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATA GTTATACCCATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGCAATTGATTAGTCCCTTTAATATTAGGGTCACCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTC GGATAAATAATCTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCATTACTTCTTTTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCAGGAGC TGGCACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCTCCTCTATCATCTAATCTATCTCATCTCGGAAGATCAGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTT CTCTTCATTTAGCCGGTATTTCATCAATTTTAGGGGCAATTAATTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAGATTAATAAA Centre for TTAAATTATGAAATTCTTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCTATTACTGCCATCTTATTACTTCTATCCCTACCAGTTCTA Cheumatopsyche adult Biodiversity GCTGGCGCAATTACTATATTATTAACAGATCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGAGGGGATCCT NBCAD466‐08 enigma male 46.8227 ‐66.1105 Canada New Brunswick David Ruiter X. Zhou, K.H. Genomics ATTCTATACCAACATTTATTT M13R|M13F|LepR1|LepF1 AACAATATATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCAAGATTAATTGGAACAACACTTAGATTAATAATTCGAATTGAACTTAGA ACATCAGGATCATTTATAATAAATGACCAAATTTATAATTCAATTGTTACTATACATGCATTTATTATAATTTTCTTTAT AATTATACCATTAATAATTGGTGGATTTGGAAATTGACTAGTACCATTAATAATTACAGCACCTGACATAGCTTTTCCA CGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGACTACTTCCTCCATCAATTTTCTTTTTAATTTCAGGAATATTTATAGATAATAGAGT AGGAACTGGATGAACAGTGTATCCTCCACTTTCTAACAATATATTTCACTCTGGAAAAGCAGTAGATATCTCCATTTTT TCACTTCATTTAGCAGGAATTTCATCAATCCTAGGAGCAATTAATTTTATTTCAACAATTATAAATATAAAAATGAAAA Centre for ATATTCCAATAAATATAATTCCACTATTTGTTTGATCAATTAAAATTACAGCAATTTTACTATTATTATCACTTCCAGTA Newfoundland and Biodiversity TTAGCTGGAGCTATTACTATACTACTAACAGATCGAAATTTAAATACATCATTTTTTGATCCAGCAGGAGGAGGAGAT ECTRI058‐10 Nyctiophylax affinis adult 48.492 ‐54.022 Canada Labrador Xin Zhou BIObus 2009 Genomics CCAATTTTATATCAACACCTATTC LepF1|LepR1 AACTCTATACTTCATTTTTGGTCTGTGATCAAGAATACTAGGACTTTCCCTAAGTATATTAATTCGATTAGAATTAAGA ACCCCGGGGGCCTTAATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTTTAATTCAATTGTAACTGCCCATGCATTCATTATAATTTTCTTCA TAGTAATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGATTCGGTAATTGATTAGTCCCCTTAATATTAGGAGCCCCCGATATGGCCTTCC CGCGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTCCTCCCTCCTTCATTATTTTTCCTTTTATTCGGTATATTAATAGATAACGGA GCAGGAACTGGGTGAACAGTTTACCCCCCTCTATCTGCAAATATTTCTCATATAGGAAAGGCAGTAGACTTAACTATT TTCTCCCTCCATTTAGCAGGAATTTCTTCAATTTTAGGGGCAGTTAATTTCATTTCTACTATTATCAACATGCGTCTTAA TTTTATAATACTAGATCAACTACCTCTATTCACATGATCTGTTATTATTACTGCCATCCTTCTACTCCTATCCCTCCCTGT adult University of CCTTGCAGGAGCAATTACTATACTTTTAACAGACCGAAATATTAATACTTCATTTTTTGACCCTGCCGGGGGAGGTGA BHMKK046‐12 Chimarra spinifera male 19.383 98.383 Thailand Mae Hong Son Hans Malicky Hans Malicky Minnesota CCCCATTTTATACCAGCATTTATTTNNNNNNNNN LCO1490|HCO2198 CTCTCTTTATTTTATATTAGGAATTTGATCAGGCTTGATAGGATCCTCTTTAAGATTTTTAATTCGAATTGAATTAAGTA CCCCTGGATCTTTAATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAATGTAATTGTTACTTCCCATGCCTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATA GTAATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGTAATTGATTAGTTCCACTAATATTAGGATCTCCAGATATAGCTTTTCCTC GAATAAATAATTTAAGATTTTGATTTCTTCCTCCTTCTTTAACTTTATTATTATTAAGAAGATTAACCAATTCAGGAGCA GGAACTGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCTCCTTTATCATCTAATTTATCTCATTTAGGAAGATCTGTAGATCTAACTATTTTTTC TCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATTTCTTCAATCTTAGGGGCCATTAACTTTATTACTACCTCCTTTAATATAAAACTAAATAAAT TAAATTATGAAATATTACCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCCGTTATTATTACAGCTCTTTTACTTCTACTTTCCCTACCTGTTTTAG Cheumatopsyche adult University of CAGGAGCAATTACCATATTATTAACTGATCGAAATTTAAATACATCATTTTTTGACCCTGCTGGAGGGGGGGACCCAA BHMKK066‐12 lucida male 19.383 98.383 Thailand Mae Hong Son Hans Malicky Hans Malicky Minnesota TTTTATATCAACATTTATTTNNNNNNNNN LCO1490|HCO2198 AACACTATACTTTCTATTTGGTATTTGATCAAGACTTATTGGAACATCACTAAGAATAATTATTCGAATTGAATTAAGA 81 ACCCCCAACTCATTTTTAGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAATTCTATTGTCACAATTCACGCTTTTATCATAATTTTTTTCATG GTTATACCTATCATAATTGGAGGATTTGGTAATTGACTTGTACCATTAATATTATCAGCCCCAGATATAGCTTTCCCAC GAATAAATAACCTCAGATTTTGATTTCTTCCTCCATCAATTCTTTTTTTAATTTCTAGAATATTTATAGACTCAAGAATA GGAACAGGATGAACAGTTTACCCTCCTTTATCAAATAATCTTTTTCACTCAGGAAAAGCTGTAGATATCTCAATTTTCT CCCTTCACCTTGCCGGTATTTCATCAATCTTAGGAGCAATTAATTTTATTACAACAATTATTAATATAAAATTAAAAAAT Lianfang Yang,Xin ATATCCTTCGACTCAATTCCTCTATTTGTATGATCAGTCGGAATTACTGCCTTACTTCTACTCCTATCTTTGCCCGTATTA adult Zhou,Christy Jo Nanjing Agricultural GCAGGAGCCATTACCATACTACTTACTGATCGAAATCTTAATACATCTTTTTTCGACCCCAACGGGGGGGGAGATCCA CNCAD482‐07 Melanotrichia male 24.938 113.003 China Guangdong Xin Zhou Geraci University ATTTTATATCAACATTTATTC LepR1|LepF1 CACTTTATATTTTATATTTGGAATTTGATCAGGATTAGTAGGATCTTCTCTTAGTTTTATTATTCGAATAGAATTAAGAA CTCCAGGAAGATTTATTGGAAATGACCAAATTTATAATGTGATTGTAACTTCTCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTCTTTATA GTTATACCAATTATAATTGGGGGATTCGGAAATTGACTAGTACCCTTAATATTAGGATCACCTGATATAGCTTTTCCTC GAATAAATAATCTTAGATTTTGATTCCTTCCCCCATCTCTTATTTTTTTATTATTAAGAAGTATAACTAATTCTGGAGCT GGGACAGGATGAACTGTCTATCCTCCTTTATCTTCTAATTTATCTCATGCAGGCAGATCAGTTGATTTAACTATTTTTTC TCTTCATATAGCTGGAATTTCTTCAATTTTAGGGGCTATTAATTTTATTTCTACAATTATAAACATAAAATTTAAAAATT Centre for TAAATTTTGAAATAATTCCTTTATTTGTCTGATCAATTTTAATTACCGCAATTTTACTACTTCTATCTTTACCTGTTCTTG adult Biodiversity CTGGAGCAATTACAATACTTTTAACTGATCGAAATTTAAATACTTCTTTTTTTGATCCTGCAGGAGGGGGTGATCCTAT BKCAD075‐08 Hydropsyche sparna male 42.257 ‐74.04 United States New York David Ruiter L. Myers Genomics TCTATATCAACATTTATTT LepF1|LepR1 TACTTTATATTTTATTTTCGGTATTTGATCTTCTTTACTTGGAACTTCTTTAAGAATAATTATTCGAATTGAATTGAGAA CTCCCGGCTCATTTATTAATAATGATCAAATTTATAATTCAATTATTACAATTCACGCATTTATTATAATTTTCTTTATAG TAATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTCGGAAATTGATTAGTCCCCCTAATACTCGGAGCTCCAGACATAGCTTTCCCTC GAATGAATAATCTTAGATTTTGATTCTTGCCTCCCTCACTTTTCTTCTTAATTTCTAGAATATTTATAGATAACAGAGCC GGAACAGGATGAACTGTTTACCCCCCTCTATCAAATTCAATGTTCCATATAGGAAAAGCCATTGACATTTCAATTTTCT CTTTACACTTAGCAGGAATCTCATCAATTCTAGGGGCTATTAATTTCATTACTACTATTATTAATATAAAATTAAATACT Centre for GTTTCTTTTGAGATCATTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAATCGGAATTACAGCTCTTCTTCTTCTTCTCTCCCTCCCTGTTCTTG L. Myers, B. Biodiversity CAGGAGCAATTACTATACTTCTAACAGATCGCAACCTAAACACTTCCTTTTTTGATCCTGCAGGAGGGGGGGATCCAA BKCAD014‐08 Lype diversa adult 44.25 ‐74.238 United States New York David Ruiter Kondratieff Genomics TTTTATACCAACATCTTTTT LepF1|LepR1 TACTCTTTATTTTCTTTTTGGAATTTGATCAGGATTAATTGGATCCTCCCTCAGATTCTTAATTCGAATAGAACTTAGAA TTCCAGGAACTCTTATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAATGTAATTGTAACATCTCATGCCTTTATTATAATTTTCTTTATA GTTATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAATTGACTTGTGCCTCTTATACTAGGATCACCAGACATAGCTTTTCCGC GAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTTCTCCCTCCTTCTTTAATTTTCTTAATTTTTAGAAGATTATTAAACTCAGGAGCT GGAACTGGATGAACTGTTTATCCTCCCCTTTCTTCCAATTTATCTCACCTAGGAAGATCAGTTGATATAACTATTTTTTC TTTACATTTAGCAGGAATTTCTTCTATTTTAGGAGCTATTAACTTTATTTCTACCATCATAAATATAAAATTTAAAAATT TAAATTATGAAATAATACCCCTATTTGTATGATCAGTATTAATTACTGCTATTTTACTATTACTATCCCTTCCTGTCCTA Hydromanicus adult University of GCAGGAGCAATTACTATACTTTTAACAGACCGAAATTTAAATACTTCTTTTTTTGACCCTGCTGGAGGTGGAGACCCA KJTRI261‐13 chattrakan male 15.1633 106.158 Laos Champasak Hans Malicky Jiri Hajek Minnesota ATCTTATACCAACACTTATTT AACTTTATATTTTATATTTGGAATCTGAGCAAGAATCTTAGGATCTACCTTAAGATTTATTATTCGAATTGAATTAAGA ACATCAGGATCCTTAATAGGAAATGACCAAATTTATAATTCAATTGTTACTATTCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTAT AATTATACCTTTAATAATCGGAGGATTTGGAAATTGATTAATCCCTTTAATAATAATATCCCCAGACATAGCATTTCCT CGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGAATATTACCCCCTTCAATTTTATTTCTTATTTCAAGAATATTTATAGATAATAGAGT AGGAACTGGTTGAACAGTATATCCTCCATTATCAAACAATTTATTTCATTCAGGAAAGGCTGTTGATATCTCAATTTTC TCTTTACATCTAGCCGGAATTTCATCAATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATTACAACAATTCTAAATATAAAATTAAAAA ATATTTCAATTACAATAATTCCCTTATTTGTATGATCAATTAAAATTACAGCAGTATTATTATTATTATCATTACCTGTA Polyplectropus adult Nanjing Agricultural CTAGCAGGAGCTATTACAATACTTCTTACAGATCGAAATTTAAATACTTCATTTTTTGATCCATCAGGAGGTGGGGAC CNCAD525‐07 nanjingensis male 32.0667 118.833 China Jiangsu Xin Zhou University CCAATTTTATATCAACATCTATTT LepR1|LepF1 TAGTTGGAACTTCATTAAGAATAATTATTCGATCTGAATTAAGTATAACAGAATCTTTAATTAAAAATGATCAAATTTA TAATGTTTTAGTTACTGCCCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTAATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAATT GATTAGTGCCTCTAATAATTGGAGCCCCAGACATAGCTTTCCCTCGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGACTTCTGCCCCC CTCTTTAAATTTTCTTTTAATTAGATCTCTTGTAGAAAGAGGGACAGGGACAGGATGAACAGTTTATCCCCCCCTATC GAGAAATTTAAGTCATGCTGGAGCTTCAGTAGATATTTCTATTTTTTCCTTACATTTAGCAGGAATTTCTTCAATTTTAG Maryland ‐ Dept United States GAGCTATTAATTTTATTTCTACAACTTTAAATATGCGAAGTAATTTAATTACATTAGATCGTATTCCTTTATTTGTATGA Neophylax Natural Environmental TCTGTAGCAATTACAGCTTTATTACTACTGTTATCTCTTCCTGTTTTAGCTGGAGCTATTACAATACTTCTTACTGACCG AMIA009‐07 concinnus imature 39.441 ‐76.864 United States Maryland Jayme E. Sones Resources Protection Agency AAATTTAAATACATCATTTT‐ LCO1490|HCO2198 TACTTTATATTTTATATTTGGAATTTGGTCAGGCCTAGTTGGATCCTCTTTAAGCTTCATTATTCGAATAGAATTAAGA ACTCCAGGAAGATTTATTGGCAATGACCAAATTTATAATGTAGTTGTCACATCACATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTAT AGTTATACCCATTATAATTGGGGGATTTGGAAATTGATTAGTTCCTCTAATATTAGGTTCCCCAGACATAGCTTTTCCC CGAATAAATAATTTAAGATTCTGATTCTTACCCCCCTCTCTAATTTTTCTTTTATTAAGAAGAATAACTAACTCAGGAGC TGGAACAGGATGAACTGTCTACCCTCCCCTATCTTCCAATTTATCCCACGCAGGAAGATCCGTAGATTTAACTATTTTC TCTTTACATATAGCAGGAATCTCTTCAATCCTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATTTCTACTATTATAAATATAAAATTTAAAAA CTTAAATTTTGAAATAATCCCACTATTCGTTTGATCAATTCTAATTACTGCTGTATTATTACTTCTTTCTTTACCAGTACT Hydropsyche adult University of AGCTGGAGCTATTACTATACTTTTAACAGATCGAAATTTAAATACTTCTTTTTTTGATCCCGCAGGAGGAGGAGACCC BHMKK041‐12 pallipennis male 19.383 98.383 Thailand Mae Hong Son Hans Malicky Hans Malicky Minnesota CATCCTATATCAACATCTATTTNNNNNNNNN LCO1490|HCO2198 AACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCCGGATTAGTCGGATCCTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTGAACTCAGAA CCCCAGGATCTTTGATCGGTAATGACCAAATTTATAATGTAATTGTTACTTCTCACGCATTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATA GTTATACCTATTATGATTGGAGGATTTGGAAACTGACTAGTCCCTTTAATGTTAGGATCACCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTC GAATAAATAATCTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCTTCATTACTTCTTCTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCAGGAGCT GGTACGGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCTCCTTTATCATCTAATCTATCACATCTAGGCAGATCAGTAGACTTAACTATTTTTTC CCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATTTCATCAATTTTAGGAGCAATTAATTTCATTACTACATCTTTTAACATAAAAATTAATAAAT Centre for TAAATTATGAAATTCTTCCCCTCTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCTATTACTGCCATTTTATTACTTCTGTCCCTCCCTGTTTTAG Cheumatopsyche adult Biodiversity CTGGCGCAATTACTATACTATTAACAGATCGCAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGGGGAGACCCTA ELPYO237‐08 harwoodi female 43.627 ‐80.448 Canada Ontario Xin Zhou Xin Zhou Genomics TTTTATACCAACATTTATTT LepF1|LepR1 AGTTTTATATTTCATTTTTGGAATCTGAGCCAGATTAATTGGACTTTCACTTAGAATAATTATTCGTCTTGAACTAAGA ACACCAAATTCAATTATTATAAATGATCAATTTTATAATTCAATTATTACAATTCACGCTTTCATTATAATTTTCTTTATA 82 ATTATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGTTTTGGAAATTGATTAATTCCATTAATATTAGGAGCCCCAGATATAGCTTTCCCAC GAATAAATAACATAAGATTTTGATTACTTCCCCCATCATTAATTTTTTTAATCTCTAGAATATTTATAGACAACAGAGC AGGAACTGGTTGAACAGTATACCCACCATTATCAAATTTTAATTTTCATATAGGAAAAGCAATTGATATTACTATTTTC TCACTACATTTAGCAGGAATTTCCTCAATCCTAGGAGCAATTAATTTTATTACAACAATTATTAACATAAAATCTAGTA CTTTATCATTTAATATAATCCCATTATTTGTTTGATCAATTAAAATTACAGCAATTTTACTCCTTCTTTCTTTACCAGTTTT Austrotinodes adult Smithsonian AGCAGGAGCTATTACCATACTTCTTACAGATCGAAACATAAATACTTCATTTTTTGAACCAGCAGGAGGAGGAGATC OFCAD039‐08 texensis male 29.3683 ‐100.885 United States Texas Oliver S. Flint, Jr. C. & O. Flint Institution CTATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT‐‐ LepR1 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNTCTAGAATACTAGGACTATCCCTTAGGCTTTTAATTCGAACTGAAT TAAGAACTCCTGGATCCCTAATTGGAAATGACCAAATTTTTAATTCAATTGTCACAGCTCACGCTTTTGTAATAATTTT CTTTATAGTAATACCCATTATAATTGGGGGGTTTGGAAACTGATTAGTGCCCCTTATACTGGGGGCCCCTGACATAGC CTTTCCTCGAATAAACAACATAAGATTTTGATTTTTGCCCCCCTCTCTTTTTTTTTTAATTTTTGGGATATTAATAGACAG AGGAGCTGGGACAGGTTGAACAGTTTACCCCCCCTTATCAGCCAATATTTCCCATATAGGAAAAGCCGTAGATATCA CCATTTTTTCTCTTCATCTAGCCGGAATTTCCTCAATTCTAGGAGCTATTAACTTCATTACCACCATTATTAATATACGTT CTAACTATATAACATTTGATCGAATGCCCCTATTCGCGTGATCTGTTGGAATCACAGCTATTCTCTTATTATTATCTCTG adult University of CCAGTTTTAGCCGGAGCAATCACTATACTTCTCACAGACCGAAATCTTAATACCTCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCGGGGGGG PKCAD748‐08 Sisko sisko male 36.07 ‐84.9028 United States Tennessee Jason L. Robinson Jason L Robinson Tennessee, Knoxville GGGAACCCAATTTNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN LepF1

AACATTATACTTTATATTCGGAATTTGGTCAAGTTTAATTGGAACATCTTTAAGTTTAATTATTCGAATTGAATTAAGA ACCCCTAACTCATTTTTAGGGAATGATCAAATTTATAACTCAATTGTAACTATTCACGCCTTTATCATAATTTTCTTTAT AGTTATACCAATTATAATTGGGGGATTTGGAAACTGATTAGTTCCTTTAATATTATCCGCCCCAGATATGGCTTTTCCG CGAATAAATAATTTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCATCCATTTTATTCCTTATTTCAAGAATATTCATAGATTACAGAAT Smithsonian AGGAACTGGATGAACAGTTTATCCACCTTTATCTAATAATTTATTCCACTCAGGGAAAGCTGTTGATATCTCTATTTTC Institution National TCATTACATTTAGCTGGGATTTCATCAATCTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATTACTACAATTATTAATATAAAATTAAAAAT Machairocentron Holzenthal, Flint, Museum of Natural AATATCCTTTGACATAATCCCCCTACTTGTTTGGTCAGTAGGAATTACAGCATTATTATTACTTCTATCACTGCCAGTAT OFTRI457‐10 echinatum adult 10.7382 ‐62.6492 Venezuela Sucre Oliver S. Flint, Jr. Cressa History TAGCCGGAGCTATTACCATATTATTAACTGN‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ C_LepFolF|C_LepFolR AATTTTATACTTCATTTTTGGAATTTGAGCAAGAATAGTAGGTTCATCTTTTAGCTTAATTATTCGAATAGAATTAAGA TCCCCATCATCAATAATTGGAAACGATCRAATTTATAATTCAATTATTACAATTCATGCATTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATA ATTATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGATTCGGAAATTGATTAGTACCATTAATATTAGGTACACCTGATATAGCATTCCCA CGAATAAATAATATAAGATTCTGACTTCTTCCACCATCTTTAACTTTTTTAATTTCTTCAATATTTATRGATAACAGATT AGGAACAGGATGAACTGTAKATCCTCCATTATCAAATTACGAATACCATTTAGGAAAAGCMGTAGACATCTCTATTTT TTCATTACATCTAGCTGGAATTTCTTCAATTCTTGGAGCAATCAATTTTATTTCAACTATTATAAACATAAAAATTAAAT TTATTTCAATTAACTTAATTCCACTATTTGTATGATCAATTAAAATTACAGCAATTTTACTATTATTATCACTTCCAGTAT adult University of TAGCAGGAGCCATTACCATACTACTAACAGATCGAAATTTARATACTTCATTTTTTGAACCAGCTGGAGGAGGAGATC BHMKK064‐12 Ecnomus puro male 19.383 98.383 Thailand Mae Hong Son Hans Malicky Hans Malicky Minnesota CAATTCTATATCAACATTTATTTNNNNNNNNN AACAATTTATTTTATTTTTGGTATTTGATCAGGAATAGTAGGAACATCCTTAAGAATAATTATTCGAACTGAATTAGGA ACAGCCGAATCTTTAATTAAAAATGATCAAATTTATAATGTTCTAGTAACAGCTCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTAT AGTTATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTCGGAAATTGATTAGTTCCCTTAATAATTGGGGCCCCTGATATAGCATTCCCT CGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTCTTACCTCCTTCTTTAAATTTTCTATTAATTAGTTCTTTTATTGAAAGAGGAAC TGGAACTGGGTGAACAGTTTATCCCCCTCTTTCAAGAAATTTAGCTCATGCAGGTAGATCAGTTGATATTTCTATTTTT AGTCTTCATTTAGCAGGAATTTCATCAATTTTAGGGGCTATTAACTTTATTTCTACTACTTTAAATATACGAAATAATTT AATTTCACTTGATCGAATTCCTTTATTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCTATTACAGCTCTTTTACTACTCTTATCCCTTCCAGTTTT adult AGCTGGAGCTATCACAATATTATTAACTGATCGAAATCTAAATACTTCATTTTTCGACCCCGCTGGAGGAGGAGATCC CRCAD039‐07 Goera calcarata male 34.9193 ‐83.1688 United States South Carolina Ian Stocks J. C. Morse Clemson University TATTTTATACCAACATTTATTC LepF1|LepR1 AACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCTGGATTAGTAGGATCTTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTGAACTTAGAA CCCCAGGATCCTTAATTGGGAATGACCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCCCACGCATTTATTATAATTTTTTTCATA GTTATACCCATTATAATTGGAGGGTTTGGAAACTGATTAGTTCCTTTAATATTAGGATCACCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTC GAATAAATAACTTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCTCTACTTCTTTTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCAGGAGCT GGAACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCTCCTTTATCGTCTAACCTTTCTCATTTAGGAAGATCCGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTTC TCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATTTCATCAATTTTAGGGGCCATTAATTTTATCACTACATCCTTCAATATAAAAATTAATAAAT TAAATTACGAAATCCTTCCCCTCTTTGTCTGATCAGTTGCTATTACTGCTGTTCTTCTTCTCTTATCCCTTCCTGTATTAG Cheumatopsyche adult University of CCGGTGCAATTACTATATTATTAACAGATCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTCTTTGACCCAGCTGGAGGGGGTGACCCCA SMTRI005‐10 gyra male United States North Carolina David Etnier JL Robinson Tennessee, Knoxville TCTTATACCAACATTTATTT LepF1|LepR1 AACCTTATATTTTATTTTCGGAATCTGATCAAGAATTTTTGGTTCTACTTTAAGATTTATTATTCGAATTGAACTAAGAA CATCAAGATCATTATTAAGAAATGATCAAATTTATAATTCAATTGTTACTCTTCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAA TTATACCTATAATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAATTGATTAATTCCATTAATATTAATAGCTCCAGATATGGCATTCCCTCG AATAAACAATATAAGATTTTGATTATTACCTCCATCCATTTTTTTTCTTATTTCAGGAATTTTTATAGATAATAGAGTAG GAACAGGATGAACTGTATACCCTCCTTTATCAAATAACTTATTCCACTCAGGAAAGGCAGTTGATATCTCAATTTTTTC TCTTCACATAGCAGGTATTTCCTCAATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATTTCAACAATCCTTAACATAAAACTTAAAAATA Centre for TCCCTTTAAGAATAATTCCATTATTTGTCTGATCAATTAAAATCACAGCAATTTTATTATTAATTTCATTACCTGTTTTAG Polycentropus Biodiversity CAGGAGCTATTACAATATTATTAACTGATCGAAATTTAAATACCTCCTTTTTTGATCCTGCAGGAGGAGGAGACCCAA CBCAD232‐10 centralis adult 46.64 ‐60.944 Canada Nova Scotia Xin Zhou D.Baird Genomics TTTTATATCAACATTTATTT LepF1|LepR1 AACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCAGGATTAGTCGGATCTTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTGAACTTAGAA CTCCTGGATCTTTAATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCACATGCATTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATA GTTATGCCTATTATAATTGGGGGATTCGGCAATTGATTAGTTCCTTTAATATTAGGCTCACCAGACATAGCCTTTCCTC GAATAAATAATCTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCATTACTTCTTCTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAACTCAGGAGC TGGTACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCCCCTCTATCATCTAATTTATCCCACCTTGGAAGATCAGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTT Smithsonian CTCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATTTCATCAATTTTAGGAGCAATTAACTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAAATTAATAAA Institution National TTAAATTATGAAATTCTTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCCATTACTGCCATTTTATTACTTCTATCTCTCCCTATTCTCG Cheumatopsyche adult Museum of Natural CAGGCGCAATTACTATATTACTGACAGATCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGATCCAGCTGGAGGAGGAGATCCTA HIEPT144‐10 pinaca male 34.9192 ‐83.1687 United States Georgia John Morse J. Morse History TTTTATACCAACATTTATTT C_LepFolR|C_LepFolF AACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCTGGATTGATAGGGTCATCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTGAACTTAGAA 83 CCCCAGGATCTTTAATTGGAAACGACCAAATTTATAATGTAATTGTTACTTCTCATGCATTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATA GTTATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAATTGATTAGTTCCTTTAATATTAGGATCACCAGACATAGCTTTCCCTC GAATAAATAATCTAAGATTCTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCACTACTTCTTTTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCAGGTGCT GGCACAGGTTGAACCGTTTACCCTCCTCTATCATCTAATCTCTCTCACCTAGGTAGTTCTGTAGACTTAACTATTTTTTC Smithsonian TCTTCATTTAGCTGGAATCTCATCAATTTTAGGGGCTATTAATTTTATTACTACATCTTTCAATATAAAAATTAATAAAT Institution National TAAATTACGAAATCCTTCCTCTTTTTGTATGATCCGTTGCTATCACTGCTATTCTCCTTCTTTTATCCCTGCCTGTCTTAG Cheumatopsyche adult Museum of Natural CCGGCGCAATTACAATATTATTAACAGATCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTCTTTGACCCAGCAGGTGGAGGAGACCCTA HIEPT156‐10 etrona male 34.9192 ‐83.1687 United States Georgia John Morse J. Morse History TTCTATACCAACATTTATTT C_LepFolR|C_LepFolF AACTCTTTACTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCCGGATTAGTTGGATCTTCTTTAAGATTCCTTATTCGAATTGAACTTAGAA CTCCAGGGTCTTTAATCGGAAATGACCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCTCATGCATTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATA GTTATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTCGGCAATTGATTAGTCCCTTTAATATTAGGGTCACCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTC GAATAAATAATTTAAGATTTTGATTCCTACCCCCCTCATTACTTCTCCTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCTGGAGC TGGCACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCACCCCTATCGTCTAACCTATCTCATCTCGGAAGATCCGTAGATTTAACTATTTTT TCTCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATTTCATCAATTTTAGGGGCAATTAATTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAGATTAATAA ATTAAATTATGAAATTCTTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCCATTACTGCCATTCTATTACTTCTATCTCTCCCAGTTTT Cheumatopsyche Biodiversity Institute AGCTGGCGCAATCACTATATTATTAACAGACCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTCGACCCAGCGGGAGGAGGGGATCC ECCAC495‐09 oxa imature 45.9151 ‐66.6169 Canada New Brunswick Xin Zhou DB, KH, AP of Ontario TATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT M13F|M13R AACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCTGGATTAGTCGGATCCTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTGAACTCAGAA CCCCAGGGTCTCTAATCGGTAACGACCAAATTTATAATGTAATTGTTACTTCTCACGCATTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATA GTTATACCTATTATGATTGGAGGATTTGGAAACTGATTAGTTCCTTTAATATTAGGATCACCAGACATAGCTTTCCCTC GAATAAATAATCTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCTTCATTACTTCTTCTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCAGGAGCT GGTACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCTCCCTTATCATCTAATCTATCACATCTAGGCAGATCAGTAGACTTAACTATTTTTTC TCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATTTCATCAATTTTAGGAGCAATTAATTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAAATTAATAAAT TAAATTATGAAATTCTTCCCCTCTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCTATTACTGCCATTTTATTACTTCTGTCCCTCCCTGTTTTAG Cheumatopsyche adult University of CTGGTGCAATTACTATACTATTAACAGATCGCAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGGGGAGACCCTA SMCAD220‐07 harwoodi male 35.6528 ‐83.698 United States Tennessee David Etnier C. Parker Tennessee, Knoxville TTTTATATNNNNNNNNNNNN LepF1|LepR1 AATTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGTATTTGGGCAAGAATAATTGGATCATCATTAAGATTAATTATTCGAATAGAATTAAGA TCCCCAAATTCAATAATTAATAATGATCAAATCTATAATTCAATTATTACAATCCATGCATTTATCATAATCTTCTTTAT AATTATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAATTGATTAGTTCCATTAATATTAGGAGCACCCGATATAGCATTCCC ACGAATAAATAACATAAGATTTTGATTGCTACCACCATCATTATCATTTTTAATTTCAAGAATATTTATAGATAACAGT TTAGGAACAGGATGAACAGTATATCCTCCATTATCTAACTATGAATATCACCTTGGTAAAGCAGTAGATATCTCAATT TTTTCATTACATCTAGCAGGAATTTCCTCAATTCTTGGTGCAATTAACTTTATTTCAACAATCATAAACATAAAAATTAA GTTTATTTCAATAAACTTAATTCCTTTATTTGTTTGATCAATTAAAATCACAGCAATTTTATTATTATTATCTCTTCCTGT Ecnomus adult University of TCTAGCAGGAGCAATTACAATACTATTAACAGATCGAAACTTAAATACTTCATTTTTTGAACCATCAGGAGGAGGAG BHMKK113‐12 pseudotenellus male 19.25 98.483 Thailand Mae Hong Son Hans Malicky Hans Malicky Minnesota ATCCAATTCTTTATCAACATTTATTTNNNNNNNNN LCO1490|HCO2198 ‐ ACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCAGGATTAGTCGGGTCTTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTGAACTTAGAAC T. Bringloe, V. Centre for ACCAGGATCTTTAATCGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCCCATGCGTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAG Cheumatopsyche Harvey, S. Ripley, Biodiversity TTATACCCATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGCAATTGATTAGTCCCTTTAATATTAGGGTCACCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTCG LEPTO1484‐13 enigma imature 40.421 ‐75.708 United States Pennsylvania Trevor Bringloe K. Rondollo Genomics GATAAATAATCTAAG C_LepFolR AACTCTATATTTTATTTTTGGTATTTGATCAGGATGTTTAGGAACATCAATAAGAATTTTAATTCGTATTGAATTATCTT CCCCTTTTAGAATAATTGGTAATGATCAAATCTATAATGTAACAGTTACAGCTCATGCTTTTATCATAATTTTTTTTATA GTAATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAACTGACTTGTTCCATTAATATTAGGAGCCCCTGATATAGCATTCCCA CGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTACTCCCCCCTTCATTAATTTTCCTTATTACTAGAAGATTAACCAATATAGGAG CAGGAACAGGATGAACTGTTTATCCTCCATTATCATCAAATTTATCACATAGAGGTAATGCTGTTGATTTAACAATTTT TTCTTTACATCTTGCAGGTATTTCTTCTATTCTTGGAGCCATTAATTTTATTTCAACAATTTTAAATATAAAAATTTTCAA TTTAACATCAGATAAACTTCCTTTATTTGTTTGATCTGTTTTAATTACAGCAGTTTTACTTCTTCTTTCCTTACCTGTTCTT Pseudoleptonema adult University of GCAGGAGCAATCACAATATTATTAACTGATCGTAATTTAAATACTTCTTTTTTTGATCCAGCAGGAGGAGGAGACCCT BHMKK141‐12 quinquefasciatum male 19.35 98.45 Thailand Mae Hong Son Hans Malicky Hans Malicky Minnesota ATTTTATATCAACACTTATTTNNNNNNNNN LCO1490|HCO2198 AACTCTTTACTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCCGGGTTAGTTGGATCTTCTTTAAGATTCCTTATTCGAATTGAACTTAGAA CTCCAGGGTCTTTAATCGGAAATGACCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCTCATGCATTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATA GTTATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTCGGCAATTGATTAGTCCCTTTAATATTAGGGTCACCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTC GAATAAATAATTTAAGATTTTGATTCCTACCCCCCTCATTACTTCTCCTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCTGGAGC TGGCACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCACCCCTATCGTCTAACCTATCTCATCTCGGAAGATCCGTAGATTTAACTATTTTT TCTCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATTTCATCAATTTTAGGGGCAATTAATTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAGATTAATAA Centre for ATTAAATTATGAAATTCTTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCCATTACTGCCATTCTATTACTCCTATCTCTCCCAGTTTT Cheumatopsyche adult Biodiversity AGCTGGCGCAATCACTATATTATTAACAGACCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTCGACCCAGCGGGAGGAGGGGATCC BKCAD016‐08 oxa male United States New York David Ruiter J. Mihuc Genomics TATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT LepR1|LepF1 AACCCTCTATTTTTTATTTGGCATCTGATCTGGTCTTATTGGATCTTCCATAAGAATAATTATCCGAACTGAACTAAGA ACCCCAGGATCTCTTATCGGAAACGATCAAATTTATAATGTAATTGTTACAGCCCATGCATTTATTATAATTTTCTTTAT AGTAATACCCATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGTAATTGACTTGTCCCCCTCATACTTGGGTCTCCTGATATAGCCTTCCCC CGAATAAATAATATAAGATTCTGATTTCTTCCCCCCTCTTTAATTTTTCTTCTTTCAAGAAGACTAATAAACTCAGGAGC AGGAACAGGATGAACTGTATACCCACCCCTCTCCTCCAATTTATGTCACCTCGGAAGCTCCGTAGACCTGACAATTTT CTCCCTACATTTAGCAGGAATTTCATCTATTTTAGGAGCCATTAATTTTATTACTACAATTTTAAACATAAAATTTAATA University of ATTTAAATTATGATATAATCCCCCTATTTGTGTGATCAGTATTAATTACCGCTGTTTTACTTCTTTTGTCCCTCCCAGTTC Homoplectra adult Minnesota Insect TTGCAGGAGCAATTACAATACTTCTAACTGATCGTAACCTAAATACCTCCTTCTTTGATCCAGCAGGAGGGGGAGACC DRCAD241‐09 doringa male 38.917 ‐78.833 United States West Virginia David Ruiter D. Smith Collection CAATTCTATATCAACACCTATTT LepF1|LepR1 AACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCTGGATTAGTAGGATCCTCTTTAAGATTCCTTATTCGAATTGAACTTAGAA CTCCTGGGTCTTTAATTGGAAATGACCAAATTTATAATGTAATTGTCACTTCTCATGCATTTATTATAATTTTCTTTATA GTTATACCCATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAATTGATTAGTTCCTTTAATATTAGGATCCCCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTC GAATAAATAATTTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCTCCTTCATTACTCCTTCTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCAGGGGCT GGCACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCTCCTCTATCATCAAATCTATCTCACCTTGGGAGATCAGTAGATTTAACTATTTTCT 84 CTCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATCTCATCAATTCTAGGAGCAATTAACTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAACATAAAAATTAATAAA Centre for TTAAATTATGAAATTCTTCCTCTCTTTGTTTGATCAGTAGCCATTACTGCCATTCTACTTCTATTATCTCTGCCTGTTTTA Cheumatopsyche adult Biodiversity GCCGGCGCAATTACTATATTACTAACAGATCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGGGGAGACCCT ELPYO396‐08 analis male 43.627 ‐80.448 Canada Ontario Xin Zhou Xin Zhou Genomics ATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT LepF1|LepR1 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNTCACTAAGAATAATAATTCGACTAG AATTAAGAATCCCTGGATCACTTTACAACAATGAACAACTATATAACTCCATAGTTACAATTCACGCATTCATTATAAT CTTCTTCATAATTATACCAATCATAATTGGAGGATTCGGAAACTGAATAGTCCCACTTATACTAAGATCACCAGATATA GCATTTCCACGAATAAACAATCTTAGATTCTGACTTTTACCCCCATCCCTTTTTTTTCTAATTTCAAGAATATTCATAAAT AATAGACTAGGAACAGGATGAACTATATACCCACCCCTATCCAATAACTTATTCCACAGAGGAAAATCAGTAGATAT AGCAATTTTCTCCCTGCATCTAGCAGGAATTTCATCAATTCTAGGAGCAATTAATTTCATTTCAACAATCTTAAATATA J. Hajeck, J AAACTGAAATCCTTACCCCTTAATAACCTTACTTTATTTTCTTGATCAATTATAATCACAGCAATTTTACTACTTCTATCT Pseudoneureclipsis adult Schneider & P. University of CTTCCCGTTCTAGCAGGAGCAATTACCATAATCCTAACTGATCGAAACCTAAATACCTCATTTTTTAATCCTATAGGAG KJTRI020‐13 thestios male 0.4 116.052 Indonesia Hans Malicky Votruba Minnesota GAGGAGACCCAATCCTCTTCCAACACTTATTT AACTTTATATTTTATTTTCGGTATTTGATCAGGACTCGTAGGGTCTACTCTTAGCCTTTTAATTCGTATTGAATTAAGAA CACCTAATACTCTTATTGGCAATGACCAAATTTATAATGTAATTGTCACAGCTCATGCCTTTATTATAATTTTCTTTATA GTAATACCCATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGCAATTGACTTGTTCCCCTAATACTAGGAGCTCCAGATATAGCATTCCCTC GAATAAATAATATAAGTTTCTGACTACTTCCCCCTTCTCTTACATTTTTAATTTTTAGAAGATTAGTTAATAATGGAGCT GGAACAGGATGAACTGTATACCCCCCTCTCTCTTCTAATCTCTCTCATATAGGAAGATCCGTAGATTTAGCTATTTTTT CTCTTCATCTTGCTGGTATTTCTTCAATTCTTGGATCAATTAACTTTATTACTACTATCTGTAATATAAAAATTAATCACT TAAAAATAGATAAACTACCTCTCTTTATTTGATCAATTCTAATTACTACTGTTCTCTTACTACTTTCTCTCCCAGTCCTAG Macrostemum adult China Agricultural CCGGAGCTATTACTATACTTTTAACTGATCGTAATCTAAATACCTCCTTCTTTGACCCTGCAGGAGGAGGAGATCCTAT CAUTR091‐09 radiatum male 41.0702 125.015 China Liaoning Xin Zhou Junchao Wang University TCTTTACCAACATCTTTTT LepR1|LepF1 AACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCCGGATTAGTCGGATCCTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTGAACTCAGAA CCCCAGGATCTTTGATCGGTAATGACCAAATTTATAATGTAATTGTTACTTCTCACGCATTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATA GTTATACCCATTATGATTGGAGGATTTGGAAACTGACTAGTCCCTTTAATGTTAGGATCACCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTC GAATAAATAATCTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCTTCATTACTTCTTCTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCAGGAGCT GGCACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCTCCTTTATCATCTAATCTATCACATCTAGGCAGATCAGTAGACTTAACTATTTTTTC CCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATTTCATCAATTTTAGGAGCAATTAATTTCATTACTACATCTTTTAACATAAAAATTAATAAAT Centre for TAAATTATGAAATTCTTCCCCTCTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCTATTACTGCCATTTTATTACTTCTGTCCCTCCCTGTTTTAG Cheumatopsyche adult Biodiversity CTGGTGCAATTACTATACTATTAACAGATCGCAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGAGGAGATCCTA NBCAD008‐08 harwoodi female 46.8225 ‐66.1092 Canada New Brunswick X. Zhou, D. Baird Genomics TTTTATACCAACATTTATTT LepR1|LepF1 AACTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGAATCTGATCAGGATTAGTAGGATCTTCCCTAAGATTTCTTATTCGTTTAGAATTAAGAA CTCCAGGATCCTTGATTGGAAATGACCAAATTTATAACGTTATTGTTACTTCTCATGCATTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATA GTTATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAATTGATTAGTTCCTTTAATATTAGGATCTCCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTC GAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCTCTCCTTTTCCTTCTTTTTAGAAGAATAATTAACTCAGGAAGA GGAACAGGATGAACAGTTTACCCTCCTCTTTCTTCTAATTTATCTCATATAGGAAGATCTGTAGATTTAACTATTTTCTC TTTACATTTAGCGGGAATTTCTTCAATTTTAGGTGCTATCAATTTTATTTCAACTATTATAAATATAAAATTTAATAATT T.F.Mitterboeck, Centre for TAAATTACGAAATAATTCCTCTTTTTGTATGATCAGTACTTATCACAGCAGTACTTCTTTTATTATCACTCCCAGTTTTA C.Vandermeer, Biodiversity GCTGGAGCTATTACTATATTATTAACTGATCGAAATTTAAACACTTCTTTCTTTGACCCTGCAGGTGGAGGAGACCCA BBEPT667‐11 Potamyia flava adult 41.95 ‐82.517 Canada Ontario BOLD ID Engine V.Junea, C.Sobel Genomics ATTCTATACCAACATTTATTT C_LepFolR|C_LepFolF AATTCTTTATTTTATCTTTGGAATTTGATCTAGATTAGTAGGATCTTCTTTAAGAATAATCATTCGAATAGAACTTAGAT CCCCAAATTTAATAATTATAAATGATCAAATTTATAATTCAATTATTACAATTCATGCATTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAA TTATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGTTTTGGAAATTGATTAGTACCACTAATATTAGGAGCACCAGATATAGCATTTCCAC GAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTATTACCTCCATCATTAACATTTTTAATTTCAAGAATATTTATAGATAATGGATTA GGTACAGGATGAACAGTATACCCTCCATTATCTAATTATAATTATCATTTAGGTAAAGCTGTTGATATCTCAATTTTTT CATTACATTTAGCTGGAATTTCATCAATTTTAGGAGCAATTAATTTTATTTCAACTATCATAAATATAAAAATTAAATTC ATTTCATTAAATTTAATTCCATTATTTGTTTGATCTATTAAAATTACAGCAATTTTATTACTTTTATCTCTACCAGTATTA adult University of GCAGGTGCAATTACTATACTTCTTACTGATCGTAATTTAAATACTTCATTTTTTGAACCAGCAGGAGGAGGAGATCCA BHMKK131‐12 Ecnomus totiio male 19.35 98.45 Thailand Mae Hong Son Hans Malicky Hans Malicky Minnesota ATTCTTTATCAACATTTATTTNNNNNNNNN LCO1490|HCO2198

TTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCAGGATTAGTCGGGTCTTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTGAACTTAGAACACCAGGAT CTTTAATCGGGAATGATCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCCCATGCGTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCC ATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGCAATTGATTAGTCCCTTTAATATTAGGGTCACCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTCGGATAAAT AATCTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCATTACTTCTTTTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCAGGAGCTGGCACAG GTTGAACTGTTTACCCTCCTCTATCATCTAATCTATCCCATCTCGGAAGATCAGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATT TAGCCGGTATTTCATCAATTTTAGGGGCAATTAATTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAGATTAATAAATTAAATTAT Cheumatopsyche Kristina J. Smithsonian GAAATTCTTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCTATTACTGCCATCTTATTACTTCTATCCCTACCAGTTCTAGCTGGCGCA GMFRO053‐15 enigma adult 38.892 ‐78.167 United States Virginia Kate Perez Anderson Institution ATTACTATATTATTAACA‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ C_LepFolR NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNTAGTTGGATCTTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTGAA CTTAGAACTCCAGGGTCTTTAATCGGAAATGACCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCTCATGCATTTATTATAATTTT TTTTATAGTTATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTCGGCAATTGATTAGTCCCTTTAATGTTAGGGTCACCAGATATAGCT TTCCCTCGAATAAATAATTTAAGATTTTGATTCCTACCCCCCTCATTACTTCTCCTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTC TGGAGCTGGCACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCACCCCTATCGTCTAACCTATCTCATCTCGGAAGATCCGTAGATTTAAC TATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATTTCATCAATTTTAGGGGCAATTAATTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAGAT Centre for TAATAAATTAAATTATGAAATTCTTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCCATTACTGCCATTCTATTACTCCTATCTCTCCC Cheumatopsyche adult Biodiversity AGTTTTAGCTGGCGCAATCACTATATTATTAACAGACCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTCGNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN NBCAD605‐08 oxa male 47.1107 ‐65.3858 Canada New Brunswick Xin Zhou D.B. and S.R. Genomics NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN LepR1|LepF1 AACTCTTTACTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCCGGATTAGTTGGATCTTCTTTAAGATTCCTTATTCGAATTGAACTTAGAA 85 CTCCAGGGTCTTTAATCGGAAATGACCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCTCATGCATTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATA GTTATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTCGGCAATTGATTAGTCCCTTTAATATTAGGGTCACCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTC GAATAAATAATTTAAGATTTTGATTCCTACCCCCCTCATTACTTCTCCTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCTGGAGC TGGCACAGGTTGAACTGTTTACCCACCCCTATCGTCTAACCTATCTCATCTCGGAAGATCCGTAGATTTAACTATTTTT TCTCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATTTCATCAATTTTAGGGGCAATTAATTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAGATTAATAA Centre for ATTAAATTATGAAATTCTTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCCATTACTGCCATTCTATTACTCCTATCTCTCCCAGTTTT Cheumatopsyche adult Biodiversity AGCTGGCGCAATCACTATATTATTAACAGACCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTCGACCCAGCGGGAGGAGGGGATCC NBCAD036‐08 oxa male 46.8225 ‐66.1092 Canada New Brunswick Roger J. Blahnik X. Zhou, D. Baird Genomics TATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT LepR1|LepF1 AACCTTATACTTTATTTTAGGTATTTGATCTGGTATTATAGGATCCTCCCTCAGATTGATTATTCGCATCGAATTAAGTA CCCCCACCACTTTAATTGGTAACGATCAAATTTATAATGTTGTTGTTACTGCTCACGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTCATA GTTATACCTATTATAATCGGGGGATTTGGGAATTGATTAGTCCCTTTAATACTAGGGGCTCCTGATATAGCTTTCCCTC GTATAAATAACATAAGATTCTGATTTCTTCCCCCATCTCTAATCTTCCTTACTTTTAGAAGTCTTGTAAATAGAGGCGC AGGCACTGGATGAACTGTTTATCCCCCTCTCTCCTCAAATCTCTCCCACAGAGGGAGTTCGGTTGATTTAGCAATTTTT TCCCTTCACTTAGCTGGGATCTCATCAATTTTAGGGGCCATCAACTTTATTACCACAATTTTAAACATAAAACCAAATA Florida Agricultural ACATTCAATTAAGTATAATTCCCCTTTTTGTTTGGTCTGTCTTAATTACTGCCGTTCTCTTATTACTCTCCCTCCCAGTTC Leptonema and Mechanical TAGCTGGAGCTATTACTATACTATTAACTGATCGTAATCTAAATACCTCCTTTTTTGATCCTGCTGGAGGGGGTGATCC COCAD006‐07 sinuatum adult Costa Rica Puntarenas Wills Flowers Wills Flowers University TATCCTCTATCAACATCTATTT M13F|M13R AACACTATACTTCATACTAGGAATCTGATCTAGATTAATTGGAACTTCACTAAGAATAATAATTCGACTCGAACTAAG AATCCCAGGATCGTTTTATAATAATGAACAACTTTATAACTCCATAGTTACAATCCACGCATTCATTATAATTTTTTTCA TAATTATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAACTGAATAGTACCATTAATAATAGGATCACCAGACATAGCTTTCC CACGAATAAATAATCTTAGATTCTGACTCCTACCCCCATCCCTATTTTTCTTAATTTCAAGTATATTCATAAATAATAGA TTAGGTACAGGATGAACAATATACCCCCCACTATCAAATAATTTATTCCATAGAGGAAAATCAGTAGACATAGCCATC TTCTCCTTACACCTAGCAGGAATTTCATCAATCCTAGGAGCCATTAACTTTATCTCAACAATCCTGAATATAAAACTCA AATCCTTACCCCTCAACAACCTAACTCTATTTTCCTGATCAATTATAATTACAGCAATCCTATTACTATTATCCCTTCCCG Pseudoneureclipsis adult University of TTCTTGCCGGAGCAATTACTATAGTACTAACAGACCGAAATATAAATACATCATTCTTCAATCCCATAGGAGGAGGG KJTRI152‐13 abia male Thailand Nan Hans Malicky C. Wieser Minnesota GATCCTTTACTATTCCAACACCTATTC

AACTCTCTACTTCATTTTTAGAATCTGATCAAGACTAATTGGTACTTCATTAAGAATAATCATTCGAATCGAACTTTCTA GTCCTAATTCATTTATCGGAAATGATCAAATCTATAATGCAATTGTTACAATTCATGCTTTCATTATAATTTTCTTTATA ATTATACCAGCAATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAATTGACTAGTACCTCTAATACTAGGAGCCCCTGACATAGCCTTTCCA CGAATAAATAATCTTAGATTTTGACTTTTACCTCCCTCTATTCTATTTCTACTCTCATCAATATTTTTAAATAATGGAGCA GGAACAGGTTGAACTGTTTATCCCCCTCTATCTAATAACCTCTTCCATTCAGGAAAAGCAATTGATGTATCAATTTTCT CACTACATCTTGCAGGTATTTCATCCATTCTTGGTGCTATTAATTTTATTACAACTTCATTAAACATAAAATTAATA‐‐‐ Rutgers, The State ATAAACTCCAGAATAATACCTTTATTTGTATGATCAATTCTTATTACTGCCATTCTTCTCCTCCTCTCTCTCCCAGTTCTT Dipseudopsis adult University of New GCAGGAGCAATTACAATACTTCTAACAGATCGAAACATTAATTCTTCATTTTTTGATCCAGCAGGAGGAGGAGATCCA HMCAD217‐08 benardi male 19.267 98.45 Thailand Mae Hong Son Hans Malicky H. Malicky Jersey ATTCTATTTCAACACCTATTC LepF1|LepR1 AATTTTATATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCTAGATTAATTGGTTCATCATTAAGAATAATTATTCGACTAGAATTAAGAT CAACTAAATCAATAATTATAAATGACCAAATTTATAATTCAATTATTACTATCCATGCATTTATTATAATTTTCTTTATA ATTATACCACTAATAATTGGAGGATTTGGTAATTGATTAGTACCATTAATAATTGGAGCACCAGATATAGCATTTCCA CGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTATTACCACCATCGCTATTATTCCTAATTTCAAGAATATTTATAGATAATAGAA TAGGAACAGGATGAACAGTATATCCTCCATTATCTAATTATAATTTCCATATAGGAAAAGCCGTAGATATTTCAATTTT CTCTCTCCATCTTGCAGGAATTTCATCAATTTTAGGAGCAATCAATTTTATTACAACTATTCTAAACATAAAATCAAGA University of TTTATATCTTTAAATATAATTCCACTTTTCGTCTGATCAATTAAAATTACTGCTATTCTTCTTCTTCTATCTTTACCAGTTC adult Minnesota Insect TTGCTGGAGCAATTACTATACTATTAACAGATCGTAATTTAAACACCTCATTCTTTGAACCAGCTGGAGGAGGAGATC UMNEB807‐08 Parecnomina resima male ‐33.9483 22.9192 South Africa Western Cape Roger J. Blahnik Kjer & Blahnik Collection CTATTCTCTATCAACATTTATTT LepR1|LepF1

TTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCAGGATTAGTCGGGTCTTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTGAACTTAGAACACCAGGAT CTTTAATCGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCCCATGCGTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCC ATTATAATTGGGGGATTTGGCAATTGATTAGTCCCTTTAATATTAGGGTCACCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTCGGATAAAT AATCTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCCTCATTACTTCTTTTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCAGGAGCTGGCACAG GTTGAACTGTTTATCCTCCTCTATCATCTAATCTATCCCATCTCGGAAGATCAGTAGATTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATT TAGCCGGTATTTCATCAATTTTAGGGGCAATTAATTTTATTACTACATCTTTTAATATAAAGATTAATAAATTAAATTAT Cheumatopsyche Kristina J. Smithsonian GAAATTCTTCCTCTTTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCTATTACTGCCATCTTATTACTTCTATCCCTNCCAGTTCTAGCTGGCGC GMFRO047‐15 enigma adult 38.892 ‐78.167 United States Virginia Kate Perez Anderson Institution AATTACTATATTATTAACAGAT‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ C_LepFolR CACTCTATATTTTATTTTTGGAATTTGATCAGGTTTAATAGGATCATCACTAAGTTTTCTAATTCGAATTGAATTAAGAA CTCCTGGTTCCCTTATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAATGTTATTGTAACTTCTCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAG TTATACCCATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAACTGATTAGTTCCTTTAATACTTGGATCTCCTGATATAGCTTTTCCTCGT ATAAATAATTTAAGTTTCTGATTTTTACCACCTTCACTGATTTTATTAATTTTAAGTAGAATAATAAATTCAGGAGCAG GAACTGGATGAACAGTTTATCCTCCTTTATCATCAAATCTTTCCCACCTTGGGAGATCTGTTGATCTAACTATTTTTTCT CTTCATTTAGCTGGAATCTCTTCAATTTTAGGAGCTATTAACTTTATTTCTACATCTTTTAATATAAAAATTAATAAATT AAATTATGAGATTCTTCCTTTATTTGTCTGATCTGTCGCCATTACTGCTGTTTTACTTCTTTTATCCTTACCTGTTCTTGC Cheumatopsyche University of AGGAGCAATCACAATACTTTTAACTGACCGAAATCTAAATACCTCATTTTTCGACCCTGCTGGAGGAGGGGACCCTAT BHMKK045‐12 chrysothemis adult 19.383 98.383 Thailand Mae Hong Son Hans Malicky Hans Malicky Minnesota TTTATACCAACATTTATTTNNNNNNNNN LCO1490|HCO2198 ‐ ACTCTTTATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCAGGATTAGTCGGGTCTTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTGAACTTAGAAC T. Bringloe, V. Centre for ACCAGGATCTTTAATCGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAACGTAATTGTTACTTCCCATGCGTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAG Cheumatopsyche Harvey, S. Ripley, Biodiversity TTATACCCATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGCAATTGATTAGTCCCTTTAATATTAGGGTCACCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTCG LEPTO1999‐13 enigma imature 40.704 ‐75.998 United States Pennsylvania Trevor Bringloe K. Rondollo Genomics GATAAATAATCTAAG C_LepFolR CACCCTATACTTCATACTAGGAATCTGATCAAGACTAATCGGAACATCCCTAAGAATAATAATTCGACTAGAACTAAG AATCCCTGGATCATTATATAACAATGAACAACTATACAATTCAATCGTTACAATCCACGCCTTCATTATAATCTTCTTCA TGATTATACCAATCATAATTGGAGGATTCGGAAATTGGATAATCCCTCTCATATTGGGATCACCAGACATAGCATTCC CACGAATAAATAACCTCAGATTCTGACTTCTCCCGCCATCCCTATTCTTCCTAATCTCAAGAATATTCCTAAATAATAG ATTAGGAACAGGATGAACTATATACCCCCCACTATCAAACAACCTTTTCCATAGTGGAAAATCAGTAGATATATCAAT 86 TTTCTCTCTACATCTAGCAGGAATCTCATCAATCCTAGGTGCAATTAACTTCATTTCAACAACCCTAAACATAAAACTA AAATCCATACCCCTTAACAACCTAACACTATTCTCCTGATCAATCATAATTACAGCAATTCTATTACTCCTATCACTACC Pseudoneureclipsis adult University of AGTACTTGCAGGAGCAATCACTATAGTCCTAACAGACCGAAACATAAATACCTCATTCTTCAACCCAATAGGAGGAG BHMKK086‐12 josia male 18.433 98.867 Thailand Hans Malicky Hans Malicky Minnesota GAGATCCCCTTCTATTTCAACATCTATTCNNNNNNNNN LCO1490|HCO2198 CACTCTCTATTTTATTTTTGGATTATGATCAGGATTAATTGGATCTTCTCTCAGATTAATTATTCGAACTGAACTCAGCA CTCCAGGCAGACTAATTGGAAATGACCAAATTTATAACGTTATCGTTACCGCACATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTAT GGTTATACCCATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGCAACTGACTAGTTCCTCTTATACTAGGAGCCCCAGATATAGCTTTTCCT CGCATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTCCTGCCCCCTTCTCTAATACTATTACTATTCAGTAGTGTAATTAACAGCGGGG CAGGCACTGGGTGAACGGTCTACCCCCCCTTATCCTCTAATCTTTCCCACTTAGGCAGATCAGTCGATCTAACAATTTT CTCTCTCCACCTCGCCGGAATCTCCTCTATTCTAGGAGCTATCAATTTTATTACCACAATTATAAATATAAAGTTTAAAA Centre for ATATAAACTACGATATTATACCCCTTTTTGTTTGATCTGTTTTAATCACAGCTATTCTGCTACTTTTATCCTTACCTGTAT Biodiversity TAGCAGGAGCTATTACAATATTACTAACTGACCGAAATCTCAATACATCTTTCTTCGACCCCGCAGGGGGAGGGGAT ABCAD026‐08 Parapsyche elsis adult 49.049 ‐113.913 Canada Alberta Xin Zhou BIObus 2008 Genomics CCAATTCTATATCAACATCTATTT M13R|M13F CTCTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGAATATGATCTGGGATAATCGGATCATCCATAAGATTAATTATTCGAACAGAACTCAGC ACTCCTGGGAGACTAATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAATGTAATTGTTACAGCTCATGCATTTGTTATAATTTTTTTCA TAGTTATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAATTGATTAATTCCTTTAATAATAGGGGCTCCTGATATAGCATTCCC TCGAATAAATAACATAAGATTCTGGTTACTCCCCCCATCACTTAGTTTCCTGATTTTTAGAAGTCTAATTAATAACGGA GCAGGAACGGGATGAACAGTTTACCCACCTCTTTCGTCTAATCTTTCTCACATAGGAAGATCTGTAGATCTTACTATTT TTTCTCTCCACCTCGCAGGAATTTCGTCAATTCTAGGAGCTATTAACTTTATTACAACAATTTTTAATATAAAATTTAAA Centre for AATATAAACTTAGATTTAATACCACTATTTGTATGATCTGTCTTAATCACAGCAGTTCTTTTATTATTATCCTTACCAGT Biodiversity ATTAGCTGGAGCTATCACTATACTATTAACAGATCGAAATATTAATACTTCTTTTTTTGATCCAGCTGGAGGAGGAGA ABCAD004‐08 Arctopsyche grandis adult 51.193 ‐115.533 Canada Alberta Xin Zhou BIObus 2008 Genomics TCCAATTTTATATCAACATTTATTC M13F|M13R|LepF1|LepR1 AACAATTTACTTTATATTCGGAATCTGATCAGGAATATTAGGAACATCACTAAGAATAATTATTCGAATAGAATTATCT ATTCCAGGATCATTCATCGGAAATGATCAAATCTACAATTCTATTGTAACAATCCACGCCTTCATTATAATTTTCTTTAT AGTAATGCCCACAATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAATTGACTCCTTCCATTAATAATTGGAGCACCAGATATAGCATTCCC ACGAATAAATAATCTTAGATTTTGATTACTACCTCCCTCAATTCTATTCCTTCTATCAGGAATACTTATAGATAGAGGA GCAGGAACAGGATGAACAGTATACCCACCCCTCTCAAACAATATATTCCACTCAGGAAAGGCAGTTGATATTTCAAT CTTTTCTTTACACCTTGCAGGAATTTCATCAATTTTAGGTGCAATTAATTTTATCACCACTTCAATTAATATAAAACCTT CA‐‐‐ University of ATTAAATTCTCCACTATCCCACTCTTTGTTTGATCAATCTTAATTACCGCAATTCTACTTCTTCTCTCTTTACCGGTACTA Phylocentropus A.K. Rasmussen, Minnesota Insect GCCGGTGCTATTACCATACTTTTAACAGACCGAAATTTAAATACATCATTCTTTGACCCAGCAGGAGGAGGGGATCCA FLCAD077‐08 placidus adult 30.189 ‐84.409 United States Florida Andrew Rasmussen J. Rasmussen Collection ATTCTTTACCAACATTTATTT LepF1|LepR1 TTTATTTTCGGAATTTGATCCGGATTAGTCGGATCCTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTGAACTCAGAACCCCAGGAT CTTTGATCGGTAATGACCAAATTTATAATGTAATTGTTACTTCTCACGCATTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCTA TTATGATTGGAGGATTTGGAAACTGACTCGTCCCTTTAATGTTAGGATCACCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTCGAATAAATA ATCTAAGATTTTGATTTTTACCCCCTTCATTACTTCTTTTAATTTTAAGAAGAATAATAAATTCAGGAGCTGGTACAGG TTGAACTGTTTACCCTCCTTTATCATCTAATCTATCACATCTAGGCAGATCAGTAGACTTAACTATTTTTTCCCTTCATTT Centre for AGCTGGTATTTCATCAATTTTAGGAGCAATTAATTTCATTACTACATCTTTTAACATAAAAATTAATAAATTAAATTATG Cheumatopsyche D.Huber,D.Erasm Biodiversity AAATTCTTCCCCTCTTTGTTTGATCAGTTGCTATTACTGCCATTTTATTACTTCTGTCCCTCCCTGTTTTAGCTGGTGCAA CRTRI116‐15 harwoodi imature 54.388 ‐122.633 Canada British Columbia Kate Perez us,C.Shrimpton Genomics TTACTATA‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ C_LepFolR ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ ATTTTCGGAATTTGATCCGGATTAGTCGGATCCTCTTTAAGATTTCTTATTCGAATTGAACTCAGAACCCCAGGATCTT T. Bringloe, V. Centre for TGATCGGTAATGACCAAATTTATAATGTAATTGTTACTTCTCACGCATTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCTATTA Cheumatopsyche Harvey, S. Ripley, Biodiversity TGATTGGAGGATTTGGAAACTGACTAGTCCCTTTAATGTTAGGATCACCAGATATAGCTTTCCCTCGAATAAATAATC LEPTO1037‐13 harwoodi imature 40.385 ‐75.752 United States Pennsylvania Trevor Bringloe K. Rondollo Genomics TAAG C_LepFolR AACATTATATTTTATATTAGGAATTTGATCAAGATTAATTGGAACATCATTAAGAATAATTATTCGATTAGAATTAAGA ATTCCAGGGTCATTTATTAATAATGAACAACTTTATAATTCTATAGTAACAATCCACGCTTTTATTATAATTTTCTTTAT AATTATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAATTGATTAATTCCTCTTATACTTGGATCCCCTGATATAGCTTTCCCCC GAATAAATAATTTAAGATTTTGATTATTACCCCCATCTCTTTTATTCTTAATTTCTAGAATTTTTATAAATAATAGATTA GGAACAGGCTGAACTGTATATCCACCTTTATCAAACAATTTATTTCATAGAGGGAAGGCTGTAGATATTTCAATTTTTT Smithsonian CGTTACATCTAGCAGGAATTTCTTCAATTTTAGGAGCCATTAATTTTATTTCAACAATTCTAAATATAAAATTAAATTTT Institution National ATTCCTATAAATAATCTAAGATTATTTTCATGATCTATTATTATTACAGCAATTTTACTTTTATTATCACTTCCAGTCCTT Antillopsyche Museum of Natural GCAGGGGCAATTACAATACTATTAACAGATCGAAACTTAAATACATCATTTTTTAATCCAGCTGGAGGTGGAGACCC OFTRI523‐10 tubicola adulty Puerto Rico Oliver S. Flint, Jr. E.C. Masteller History CCTATTATTCCAACATTTATTT C_LepFolF|C_LepFolR TACATTATATTTTATATTTGGAATTTGAGCAAGACTTCTAGGAACATCCCTAAGTATATTAATCCGTATTGAATTAAGA ACTCCAAGATCTTTTATTAATAATGATCAAATTTATAATTCTATTATTACCATCCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTCTTTATA GTTATACCCATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAACTGATTAGTTCCTTTAATACTCGGCGCCCCTGATATGGCATTCCCTC GTATAAATAACTTAAGATTTTGATTTCTTCCTCCATCTCTACTTTTTTTAATTTCTAGAATATTTATAGATAATAGAATA GGAACTGGATGGACCGTTTATCCCCCCCTATCTAATAATTTATTCCATATAAGTAAAGCAATTGATATTTCAATTTTCT CTTTACATATAGCAGGAATTTCATCTATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATTACAACTATCCTAAATATAAAATTAAATTCC CTATCTAATGAAATAATCCCTCTATTTGTTTGATCAATCGGTATTACTGCCCTTCTTCTTCTCCTTTCTCTTCCTGTATTA Kambaitipsyche Mined from GCAGGGGCAATTACTATACTTTTAACTGACCGTAACTTAAATACATCATTTTTTGACCCATCAGGGGGAGGAGATCCA GBMIN18525‐13 hykrion GenBank, NCBI ATTTTATACCAACATTTATTT AACACTATACTTCATACTAGGAATCTGATCTAGATTAATTGGAACTTCACTAAGAATAATAATTCGACTCGAACTAAG AATCCCAGGATCGTTTTATAATAATGAACAACTTTATAACTCCATAGTTACAATCCACGCATTCATTATAATTTTTTTCA TAATTATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAACTGAATAGTACCATTAATAATAGGATCACCAGACATAGCTTTCC CACGAATAAATAATCTTAGATTCTGACTCCTACCCCCATCCCTATTTTTCTTAATTTCAAGTATATTCATAAATAATAGA TTAGGTACAGGATGAACAATATACCCCCCACTATCAAATAATTTATTCCATAGAGGAAAATCAGTAGACATAGCCATC TTCTCCTTACACCTAGCAGGAATTTCATCAATCCTAGGAGCCATTAACTTTATCTCAACAATCCTGAATATAAAACTCA 87 AATCCTTACCCCTCAACAACCTAACTCTATTTTCCTGATCAATTATAATTACAGCAATCCTATTACTATTATCCCTTCCCG Pseudoneureclipsis adult University of TTCTTGCCGGAGCAATTACTATAGTACTAACAGACCGAAACATAAATACATCATTCTTCAATCCCATAGGAGGAGGG BHMKK123‐12 ramosa male 19.35 98.45 Thailand Mae Hong Son Hans Malicky Hans Malicky Minnesota GATCCTTTACTATTCCAACACCTATTCNNNNNNNNN LCO1490|HCO2198 TACACTATATTTTATTTTTGGTATTTGATCTAGAATATTAGGATTATCCTTAAGATTATTAATTCGTACTGAACTATCAA TGCCAGGATCCCTAATTGGAAACGATCAAATTTTTAATTCTATTGTTACAGCTCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTCTTTATA GTTATACCTATTATAATTGGTGGATTTGGTAACTGACTAGTCCCTTTAATACTAGGGGCTCCTGACATAGCTTTCCCAC GAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTCCTCCCCCCCTCATTATTTTTCCTAATTTTTGGGATATTAATAGATAATGGGGCT GGAACTGGATGAACTGTTTACCCCCCTCTTTCCTCAAATATTTCTCATATAGGAAAAGCTGTCGATCTAACAATTTTTT CTCTCCATATAGCAGGAATTTCCTCAATTCTTGGAGCTGTCAACTTTATTACAACAATTATCAATATACGTTCTAATTTT ATAAGATTCGATCGAATACCTTTATTTGTATGATCAGTTGGAATTACTGCTATTTTATTATTATTATCCCTACCAGTTTT adult University of AGCAGGAGCTATTACAATACTATTAACTGATCGTAATCTAAATACTTCATTTTTTGACCCTGCAGGTGGGGGAGACCC BHMKK071‐12 Kisaura consagia male 19.433 98.333 Thailand Mae Hong Son Hans Malicky Hans Malicky Minnesota AATTTTATACCAACATTTATTTNNNNNNNNN LCO1490|HCO2198 AACCTTATATTTTTTATTTGGAATTTGATCCAGATTAATTGGAACATCACTAAGTATAATTATTCGAATTGAATTATCAA CTCCTAATTCTTTTTTAGGTAATGATCAAATTTATAATTCTATTGTTACAATTCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGT TATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGGTTTGGAAACTGATTAGTTCCATTAATACTATCAGCTCCAGATATAGCTTTCCCACGT ATAAATAATTTAAGATTTTGATTTCTTCCCCCTTCACTTTTATTTTTAATTTCTAGAATATTTATAGATTCAAGTATAGGA ACAGGATGAACAGTATACCCACCACTATCTAATAATCTATTTCATTCAGGAAAAGCTGTAGATATTTCAATTTTTTCAT TACACTTAGCTGGTATCTCTTCAATTTTAGGAGCTATTAACTTTATTACAACTATCATTAATATAAAACTTAAAAGAATT TCATTTGATTCTCTTCCTTTATTTGTTTGATCAGTAGGAATTACTGCTCTATTACTTCTTTTATCCCTCCCAGTATTAGCA Drepanocentron sp. Mined from GGAGCAATCACAATACTTCTAACAGATCGTAATTTAAATACTTCATTTTTTGACCCTAATGGAGGAGGTGATCCAATC GBA20165‐14 NHRS BS4 GenBank, NCBI CTATATCAACA AACATTATACTTTATATTTGGAATTTGATCAAGATTAATTGGAACATCATTAAGTCTAATTATTCGTATTGAACTTAGA TCTCCTAATTCATTTTTAGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAACTCAATCGTTACTATTCATGCATTTATTATAATTTTCTTTATA GTTATGCCAATTATAATTGGAGGGTTTGGAAATTGATTAGTACCCCTAATATTATCAGCACCAGATATAGCTTTCCCA CGAATAAATAATTTAAGATTTTGAATGTTACCTCCATCTCTACTTTTCCTAATCTCAAGAATATTCATAGATTATAGAAT AGGAACTGGATGGACAGTATACCCACCATTATCTAATAACCTTTTCCATTCAGGAAAAGCAGTTGATATTTCAATTTTC TCTCTTCATCTAGCTGGAATTTCCTCCATTCTAGGAGCAATCAATTTTATTACTACAATTATTAATATAAAATTAAAAAT AATATCATTTGATATAATTCCTTTATTTGTATGATCAGTAGGAATCACAGCTCTTCTATTATTATTATCTCTTCCCGTACT Mined from AGCAGGAGCTATTACTATATTATTAACTGATCGAAACTTAAATACCTCATTTTTTGATCCTAATGGAGGAGGAGATCC GBA22208‐14 Xiphocentron sp. GenBank, NCBI TATTTTATATCAACATCTA AACATTATATTTTATTTTTGGAATCTGAGCTGGAATAGTGGGATCATCTTTAAGAATAATTATTCGAACTGAATTAGG GACACCTGGTTCATTAATTGGAAATGATCAAATCTATAATGTTGTAGTAACAGCTCATGCATTCATTATAATTTTTTTT ATAGTTATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGATTCGGTAATTGACTTGTTCCTTTAATATTGGGAGCACCTGATATAGCTTTTC CCCGAATAAATAATATAAGATTCTGACTTCTTCCCCCCTCAATTACTTTATTAACTTTAAGAAGAATTGTAGAAAATGG AGCAGGAACCGGATGAACGGTTTACCCCCCTCTATCATCTAATATTGGTCATAGAGGCAGTTCTGTAGATTTAACAAT TTTTTCACTCCATTTAGCGGGAGTTTCTTCAATTTTAGGGGCTATTAATTTTATTACAACTGTTTTAAATATACGATCAA AAGGAATAAATCTTGATCAAATACCCTTATTTGTTTGATCAGTAGTAATTACTGCTATTCTTTTATTAATTTCTTTACCA Rhyacophila adult University of GTTTTAGCAGGTGCTATCACAATACTTTTAACTGATCGAAATTTAAATACGTCATTTTTTGACCCAGCAGGGGGTGGA BHMKK006‐12 excavata male 29.833 102.05 China Sichuan Hans Malicky Kyselak Minnesota GACCCAATTCTTTATCAACACTTATTTNNNNNNNNN LCO1490|HCO2198 AACTATTTATTTTATTTTTGGAATTTGAGCAGGAATAATTGGAACTTCATTAAGAATAATTATCCGCACTGAATTAGGT ACTACTGAATCATTAATTAAAAATGATCAAATTTATAATGTATTAGTAACAGCCCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTCTTTAT AGTAATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGTAATTGACTTGTCCCCCTAATAATTGGAGCCCCCGATATAGCTTTCCCC CGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGACTTCTGCCCCCCTCCTTAAATCTTCTTTTAATTAGAGCTTTAATTGAAAGAGGAA CAGGAACTGGCTGAACAGTTTATCCCCCTCTTTCTAGAAATCTAGCTCATGCAGGAAGATCTGTAGATATCTCCATTTT CTCACTTCATTTAGCTGGAATTTCTTCAATTTTAGGAGCAATTAATTTCATCTCTACTACCCTAAATATACGAAATAACT Centre for TAATAACATTAGATCGAATTCCTCTATTTGTCTGATCTGTAGCTATTACTGCCCTTCTTTTACTTCTTTCTCTTCCCGTTC Pycnopsyche adult Biodiversity TTGCAGGAGCAATTACTATACTTTTAACTGACCGCAATTTAAATACCTCTTTTTTCGACCCCTCAGGAGGGGGAGATC BKCAD028‐08 guttifera female 43.653 ‐73.923 United States New York David Ruiter L. 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