DOCSLIB.ORG

Gambling, the State and Society in Siam, C. 1880-1945

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Gambling, the State and Society in Siam, C. 1880-1945 Gambling, the State and Society in Siam, c. 1880-1945 James Alastair Warren School of Oriental and African Studies A thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of London 2007 ’ i ^ L’A 1 A ProQuest Number: 10672983 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10672983 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 3 Abstract This study charts the evolution of government attitudes and policies towards gambling in Siam between the 1880s and 1945. Based on the assertion that gambling was a social evil that impoverished the population, encouraged crime, and retarded economic development, successive regimes sought to reduce and regulate the scope for legal gambling. This was expressed most concretely through a series of increasingly restrictive and punitive laws, which prohibited many popular forms of gambling and subjected others to strict licensing. Consequently, there was an increase in illegal gambling. In essence, gambling went from being a state acceptable activity to one that was criminal unless conducted within certain strict parameters. At the same time, the state sought to secure a monopoly over the provision of facilities for gambling in order to ensure it was the only institution that might profit from people’s gambling habits. The central concern of this study is to examine the complex process by which a once socially and state acceptable activity becomes defined as criminal. It shows that the moral and economic arguments against gambling had to be balanced with a host of other concerns and, most crucially, the financial imperatives of the Siamese state. Along with the recognition that gambling was a part of human nature and people would continue to indulge in it regardless of its legality, financial necessity prevented the Siamese state from prohibiting gambling outright. This study also shows how this process was shaped by other state and semi-state institutions - namely the police force, judiciary, penal administration, and Buddhist monkhood - and public opinion. It moves beyond conventional histories of Siam, which portray the monarchy as the sole agent of change, to demonstrate that the criminalisation of gambling was a process in which all parts of Siamese society participated. Table of Contents List o f Illustrations page 4 Aclmowledgements 1 Abbreviations 9 Editorial Note 11 Introduction 13 1. Gambling, the Economy, and Siamese Society 32 2. Government Gambling Policy and Legislation, 1887-1917 85 3. Government Gambling Policy and Legislation, 1917-1945 129 4. Enforcement and Punishment 187 5. The Press and Public Opinion 238 Conclusion 281 Bibliography 304 4 List of Illustrations Figures 1.1 Equipment for playing po pan page 53 1.2 The Chinese legendary figure and animal for the letter ko sam huai 60 1.3 Temple mural of a cockfight 66 1.4 A bull fight 68 1.5 Placing bets on Siamese fighting-fish 68 1.6 Temple mural of a kite-flying contest 69 1.7 Chinese and Thai playing cards 70 1.8 Siamese men and women playing cards 71 1.9 Siamese men playing a game with cowries 72 1.10 Temple mural of a Chinese man hosting a game of hi-lo 72 1.11 Temple mural of a Chinese man hosting a game of three-stick trick 73 2.1 Equipment for playing bia bok 117 3.1 Tickets for the motor-racing events in Bangkok 135 3.2 Wild Tiger lottery tickets 136 3.3 A Lumphini Park Lottery Ticket 141 3.4 The Royal Bangkok Sports Club clubhouse 146 3.5 A billiard ru table 152 3.6 Constitution Celebration Lottery tickets 166 3.7 Municipal Lottery tickets 168 5.1 Cartoon from Bangkok kanmuang, 15 September 1923 258 5.2 Cartoon from Kro lek , 30 November 1924 258 5.3 Cartoon from Kro lek , 11 January 1925 261 5 Maps 2.1 Thai monthon in 1907/8 92 Tables 6.1 Number of Cases of Homicide, Gang Robbery and Robbery 287 between 1909/10 and 1919/20 6 7 Acknowledgements I would first like to express my deep gratitude to my supervisor, Professor Ian Brown, for his guidance, insight and patience throughout the course of my post-graduate studies. He is a great teacher who always has time for his students and an amusing anecdote to share. I know I am not alone in appreciating his warmth and kindness. Special thanks go to my Thai-language teachers, Dr David Smyth and Walaipom Tantikanangkul, for guiding me through my initial forays into reading Thai sources and for their generous help in deciphering handwriting and some near illegible documents. Dr Rachel Harrison has also provided invaluable assistance and encouragement, for which I am very grateful. I would also like to thank Professor William Gervase Clarence-Smith and Dr Michael Chamey for their comments and suggestions. In Thailand, I would like to thank Professors Dhiravat na Pombejra and Piyanart Bunnag for their advice and assistance while I was conducting the research for this study. The staff of the National Archives in Bangkok were always helpful and friendly, making the archives a very pleasant environment in which to work. During my first year of doctoral studies, extra one-on-one Thai language tuition was made possible by an award from the SOAS Language Acquisition Fund. My fieldwork in Thailand was partially funded by a grant from the University of London Central Research Fund and an Additional Award for Fieldwork from the SOAS Scholarships Committee. I also received a generous scholarship from the Harold Hyam Wingate Foundation for the writing up of this thesis. While in Thailand and at SOAS, I have made many good friends whose laughter and smiles have brightened up my life. My thanks to you all, you know who you are. Special mention must go to two of my fellow PhD students, Chatnopdol Aksomsawad and Antika Preeyanon, for their warm friendship and unsurpassed hospitality, both in London and Bangkok. Their companionship on the long and lonely road of doctoral studies has made the journey infinitely more pleasurable. Finally, words cannot express my gratitude to my parents, Rosemary and Peter Warren. Without their love and support, none of this would have been possible. 9 Abbreviations Thai Archival Documents B = Bettalet (Miscellaneous) K Kh = Office of the Financial Adviser Kh = Krasuangphrakhlang mahasombat (Ministry of Finance) Kh.Ph = Khamphiphaksa (Legal Judgments) KS = Krasuang kaset (Ministry of Agriculture) M = Krasuang mahatthai (Ministry of the Interior) MT = Krasuang mahatthai (Ministry of the Interior, post-1932) N = Krasuang nakhonban (Ministry of Local Government) NA = National Archives of Thailand R = Ratchakan t i ... (the ... Reign) RL = Ratchanulekanukan (Royal Secretariat) SR = Samnak nayok-ratthamontri (Office of Prime Minister’s Secretariat) Y = Krasuang yuttitham (Ministry of Justice) Newspapers BDM = Bangkok Daily Mail BP = Bangkok Post BT = Bangkok Times BTWM = Bangkok Times Weekly Mail CSW = Chino sayam warasap KDM = Krungthep Daily Mail NT = Nangsuphim thai SO = Siam Observer 10 Other Sources PKPS = Sathian Lalyalak et al. (comps), Prachum kotmai pracham sok [Collected Laws in Chronological Order], Bangkok, 1935+, 69 vols. RFAB = Ministiy of Finance, Report o f the Financial Adviser upon the Budget o f the Kingdom o f Siam , various years. RPAB = Report on the Police Administration of Bangkok Town, Suburbs and Railway District (title varies), various dates. SY Ministry of Finance, Department of Commerce and Statistics (name varies), Statistical Yearbook of the Kingdom of Siam (title varies), 1916+. 11 Editorial Note Transcription Thai names and words have been transcribed using the ‘General System of Phonetic Transcription of Thai Characters into Roman’ devised by the Royal Institute and set out in the Journal o f the Thailand Research Society , 33, 1 (March 1941), pp. 49-53. However, diacritics have not been employed. Following this system, the aspirated consonants k, p and t are written as kh, ph and th; the Thai word thua should thus be pronounced roughly like the English word tour. Proper names of well-known people have been spelt according to the preference of that person, where known, or according to common usage: for instance, Vajiravudh instead of Wachirawut, and Devawongse rather than Thewawong. Official spelling has been used for all place names. Names, Ranks and Titles Following convention, Thai people are referred to by their first name and this is how they are listed in the bibliography. Various titles are used for royalty and these indicate the generational descent of a particular member of the royal family. Under the absolute monarchy, members of the royal family that entered government service where also granted a rank. In this study, the children and grandchildren of kings have been referred to simply as princes or princesses. Until the absolute monarchy was abolished in 1932, bureaucrats and military officers were granted the following ranks in ascending order: khun, luang, phra, chao phraya and, very rarely, somdet chao phraya. Individuals were also given a title, which was commonly used in place of their actual name, and this is how they are referred to in the text. For example, Pan 12 Sukhum is referred to as Chao Phraya Yomarat. Many retained these titles as surnames following the 1932 coup, most notably Luang Phibunsongkhram (Plaek Khitasangka).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Intelligence Memorandum
    Approved for Release: 2018/07/26 C02962544 ,E .._, ....,, TolLSect:ef: -1L_____ -------' 3.5(c) DIRECTORATE OF INTELLIGENCE Intelligence Memorandum CAMBODIAANDTHE VIETNAMESE COMMUNISTS ... 3.5(c) 3.5(c) 29 January 1968 I Approved for Release: 2018/07/26 C02962544 3.5(c) Approved for Release: 2018/07/26 C02962544 Approved for Release: 2018/07/26 C02962544 3.5(c) CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY Directorate of Intelligence 29 January 1968 INTELLIGENCE MEMORANDUM Cambodia and the Vietnamese Communists A Monthly Report Contents I. Military Developments: Communist battal~ ion and regimental size units continue to operate in Cambodian territory (Paras. 1-5). It is clear that North Vietnamese forces have had bases in the Cam­ bodian salient since mid-1965 (Paras. 6-8). The salient, however, has never been one of the major Communist base areias .in Cambodia (Paras. 9-12). A 3.3(h)(2) Cambodian~-----~ reports Communist units in South Vietnam are receiving Chinese arms and ammuni­ tion from Cambodian stocks (Paras. 13--16) . More reports have been received on Cambodian rice sales to the Corru:nunists (Paras. 17-20). Cambodian smug­ glers are supplying explosive chemicals to the Viet Cong (Para. 21). II. Poli ti cal Developments: Sihanouk"' con­ cerned over possible allied action against Communists in Cambodia for sanctuary, has reverted to diplomacy to settle the cris:is (Paras. 22-27). Sihanouk has again attempted to get a satisfactory border declara­ tion from the US (Para. 28). Cambodia, still believ­ ing the Communists will prevail in South Vietnam, sees short-term advantages to an opening to the West (Para.
    [Show full text]
  • Development and Promotion of the Utilization of Vetiver Grass According to His Majesty's Initiative Under the Responsibility O
    Development and Promotion of the Utilization of Vetiver Grass According to His Majesty’s Initiative Under the Responsibility of the 11th Infantry Regiment King’s Guard Lt Colonel Songwit Noonpakdee Commander 11th Infantry Regiment King’s Guard, Thailand Abstract: To fulfill His Majesty’s initiative concerning the development and promotion of the utilization of vetiver grass, the 11th Infantry Regiment King’s Guard has initiated a program based on: 1. Planting of vetiver to prevent soil erosion within the army unit; 2. Setting up a centre to provide knowledge on vetiver among the army officers and their families, as well as the public and private agencies; 3. Launching a campaign among the officers and their families encouraging them to acquire the knowledge on vetiver ecotypes, maintenance, and benefits, and to extend the results among the soldiers, who are about to leave the army, so that they can adopt the knowledge gained on their own land at home; 4. Establishing a propagation center to supply vetiver tillers to other units and government agencies in the nearby areas. So far the program achievements included: 1. Building demonstration plots of vetiver cultivation in various patterns and methods according to the royal initiatives beginning with the unit’s main road; 2. Studying the ponds within the unit and the areas with soil erosion problem, as well as planting vetiver to conserve the areas; 3. Establishing the 11th Infantry Regiment King’s Guard vetiver demonstration centre to extend the results and implement public relations activities to encourage the army officers, their families as well as the interested public to acquire the knowledge; 4.
    [Show full text]
  • The Phonological of Patani Malay Dialect: an Analysis of Autosegmental Theory
    Indonesian Journal of Education, Social Sciences and Research (IJESSR) Vol. 1, No. 2, September 2020, pp. 71~78 ISSN: 2723-3693 r 71 The Phonological of Patani Malay Dialect: An Analysis Of Autosegmental Theory Dr. Suraiya Chapakiya1 1Department of Teaching Malay And Educational Technology, Faculty of Education, Fatoni University, Thailand. ABSTRACT This paper aims at identifying and determining Malay dialect phonemes and the syllable structure of Patani Malay Dialect (PMD). The study is also conducted to analyze the phonological processes of PMD. The researcher used the autosegmental theory based on distinctive feature geometry model by Halle (1995), Clément’s representation level of syllable structure (1985) and, Zaharani and Teoh Boon Seongs’ building of syllable structure (2006). A Qualitative method was used in this study. The data were collected from the field work where observations and interviewing were carried out. The results show that the PMD can be divided into three vowel phoneme categories. The first vowel phoneme category consists of six vowel phonemes. They are /i/, /e/, /a/, /«/, /o/, /u/. The second vowel phoneme category has two derived vowel phonemes such as [E], [] and the last vowel phoneme category consists of four nasalization vowels such as [u)], [E)], [)] dan [a)]. The study also found that PMD has 28 consonants. They can be grouped into three consonant categories. The first consonant category consists of 20 original consonants such as /p/, /t/, /k/, /b/, /d/, /g/, /c&/, /j&/, /s/, /l/, /r/, /Ä/, /m/, /n/, /N/, /ø/, /w/, /j/, /h/, ///. The second consonant category has four aspiration consonants such as /ph/, /th/, /kh/, /ch/.
    [Show full text]
  • Urbandignityvolume9 2014.Pdf
    Journal of Urban Culture Research Volume 9 Jul - Dec 2014 Published jointly by Chulalongkorn University, Thailand and Osaka City University, Japan The views and opinions expressed herein are those of the individual author(s) BOEEPOPUOFDFTTBSJMZSFÏFDUUIFQPMJDJFTPSPQJOJPOTPGUIFJournal (JUCR), it editors and staff, Chulalongkorn University, or Osaka City University. Authors authorize the JUCR to publish their materials both in print and online while retaining their full individual copyright. The copyright of JUCR volumes is retained by Chulalongkorn University. © 2014 BY CHULALONGKORN UNIVERSITY ISSN 2228 – 8279 (Print) ISSN 2408 – 1213 (Online) JUCR is listed in the Thai-Journal Citation Index – TCI 5IJTQVCMJDBUJPOJTBOPOQSPÎUFEVDBUJPOBMSFTFBSDIKPVSOBMOPUGPSTBMF Journal of Urban Culture Research Executive Director Suppakorn Disatapandhu, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand Editor in Chief Kjell Skyllstad, University of Oslo, Norway International Editor Alan Kinear, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand Contributing Editors Bussakorn Binson, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand Shin Nakagawa, Osaka City University, Japan Managing Editor Pornprapit Phoasavadi, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand Editorial Board Frances Anderson, College of Charleston, USA Bussakorn Binson, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand Naraphong Charassri, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand Dan Baron Cohen, Institute of Transformance: Culture and Education, Brazil Gavin Douglas, University of North Carolina, USA Made Mantle Hood, University of Putra, Malaysia Geir Johnson, Music
    [Show full text]
  • The King's Nation: a Study of the Emergence and Development of Nation and Nationalism in Thailand
    THE KING’S NATION: A STUDY OF THE EMERGENCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF NATION AND NATIONALISM IN THAILAND Andreas Sturm Presented for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy of the University of London (London School of Economics and Political Science) 2006 UMI Number: U215429 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U215429 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 I Declaration I hereby declare that the thesis, submitted in partial fulfillment o f the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and entitled ‘The King’s Nation: A Study of the Emergence and Development of Nation and Nationalism in Thailand’, represents my own work and has not been previously submitted to this or any other institution for any degree, diploma or other qualification. Andreas Sturm 2 VV Abstract This thesis presents an overview over the history of the concepts ofnation and nationalism in Thailand. Based on the ethno-symbolist approach to the study of nationalism, this thesis proposes to see the Thai nation as a result of a long process, reflecting the three-phases-model (ethnie , pre-modem and modem nation) for the potential development of a nation as outlined by Anthony Smith.
    [Show full text]
  • Current Status of Panama Disease in Thailand
    Current status of Panama disease in Thailand RC PLOETZ Current status État de la maladie Estado de la enfermedad A VAZQUEZ of Panama disease de Panama en Thaïlande. de Panama en Tailandia. J NAGEL in Thailand. D BENSCHER University of Florida, IFAS ABSTRACT RÉSUMÉ RESUMEN Tropical Research Ouring a survey of banana­ Une enquête menée clans Una encuesta llevacla a cabo en and Education Center procluction areas in Thailancl, les régions de production de las regiones de proclucci6n ciel 18905 SW 280th Street Homestead, Florida 33031 -331 4 Kluai nam wa was essentially la banane en Thaïlande a montré banano en Tailanclia mostr6 que USA the only banana cultivar that que le cultivar Kluai nam wa était el cultivar Kluai nam wa era was affectecl by Panama clisease. pratiquement le seul à y être pr{icticamenteel t'111ico sienclo P SIANGLEW Four clifferent vegetative touché par la maladie de Panama. tocaclo por la enfermeclacl de S SRIKUL compatibility groups (VCGs) Quatre groupes de compatibilité Panama. Cuatro grupos de Suratthani Horticultural of the causal fungus, Fusarium végétative différents (VCGs) ont compatibiliclacl vegetativa Research Center oxysporum cubense PO Box 53 Muang f sp (FOC), été déterminés pour l'agent diferentes (VCGs) fueron Suratthani 84000 were recoverecl. VCG 01218 was pathogène impliqué, Fusarium cletenninaclos por el agence Thailand founclmainly in Southern oxysporum f sp cu.bense (FOC). pat6geno implicaclo, Fusarium Thailancl(provinces of Narathiwat Le groupe VCG 01218 a surtout oxy,porum f sp cubense (FOC). S KOOARIYAKUL and Yala), and prior to the survey été observé clans le sud du pays El grupo VCG 01218 fue sobre Chiang Rai Horticultural bac! only been collectecl in Java, (provinces de Narathiwat et de toclo observaclo en el sur ciel paîs Research Centre Muang District Chiang Rai 57000 Sumatra and peninsular Malaysia.
    [Show full text]
  • Thaksin Shinawatra Introduced a Proposal to Legalize the Business and Bring It Under Government Control
    Legalizing the Underground Lottery in Thailand: An Idea Time Whose Had Come? Kasemsarn Chotchakornpant* เกษมศานต โชติชาครพันธุ For decades, “underground” gambling based on the last two or three digits of the government lottery enjoyed widespread popularity among the general Thai public. With an estimated 51 percent of the population over 15 years of age participating as active as players in 2001, underground gambling sites were widespread, operating the length and breadth of country in nearly every hamlet village, town, and city. It was an illegal business that generated in the shadow or “informal economy” a huge amount of cash flow – e.g., an economic value of nearly 16 times that of the official government-run lottery. It was against this background that underground gambling attracted the interest and policy deliberations of the Thai government in early 2003. Specifically, in July 2003, the then two-year-old government * This case study was written by Dr. Kasemsarn Chotchakornpant, Lecturer in the Graduate School of Public Administration at the National Institute of Development Administration (Thailand), and is based on archival research. NIDA cases are developed solely as the basis for class discussion, and are not intended to serve as endorsements, sources of primary data, or illustrations of effective or ineffective administrative or managerial practice. Copyright © 2008 National Institute of Development Administration and Dr. Kasemsarn. To order copies or request permission to reproduce materials, call 02-727-3858 or go to http://gspa.nida.ac.th. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, used in a spreadsheet, or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise – without the permission of the National Institute of Development Administration.
    [Show full text]
  • Spatial Temporal Dynamics and Risk Zonation of Dengue Fever, Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, and Dengue Shock Syndrome in Thailand
    I.J.Modern Education and Computer Science, 2012, 9, 58-68 Published Online September 2012 in MECS (http://www.mecs-press.org/) DOI: 10.5815/ijmecs.2012.09.08 Spatial Temporal Dynamics and Risk Zonation of Dengue Fever, Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, and Dengue Shock Syndrome in Thailand Phaisarn Jeefoo Geographic Information Science Field of Study, School of Information and Communication Technology, University of Phayao, 19 Moo 2, Mae-Ka, Mueang, Phayao 56000 Thailand Email: [email protected] / [email protected] Abstract— This study employed geographic information Index Terms— Geographic Information System (GIS), systems (GIS) to analyze the spatial factors related to Dengue Fever (DF), Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF), dengue fever (DF), dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), and Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS), Local Spatial dengue shock syndrome (DSS) epidemics. Chachoengsao Autocorrelation Statistics (LSAS), Kernel-density province, Thailand, was chosen as the study area. This estimation (KDE) study examines the diffusion pattern of disease. Clinical data including gender and age of patients with disease were analyzed. The hotspot zonation of disease was I. INTRODUCTION carried out during the outbreaks for years 2001 and 2007 Dengue fever (DF), and its more severe forms, dengue by using local spatial autocorrelation statistics (LSAS) and kernel-density estimation (KDE) methods. The mean hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome center locations and movement patterns of the disease (DSS), is the most important arthropod-transmitted viral disease affecting humans in the world today [1]. The were found. A risk zone map was generated for the objective of this study was to analyze the epidemic incidence.
    [Show full text]
  • The Search for Order: Constitutions and Human Rights in Thai Political History
    The Search for Order: Constitutions and Human Rights in Thai Political History Thanet Aphornsuvan, Ph.D Faculty of Liberal Arts, Thammasat University, Bangkok Thailand. In 1997 Parliament passed the new Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand B.E. 2540(AD.1997). The new Constitution reflected the crystallization of 67 years of Thai democracy. In this sense, the promulgation of the latest constitution was not simply another amendment to the previous constitutions, but it was a political reform that involved the majority of the people from the very beginning of its drafting. The whole process of constitution writing was also unprecedented in the history of modern Thai politics. Unlike most of the previous constitutions that came into being because those in power needed legitimacy, the Constitution of 1997 was initiated and called for by the citizens who wanted a true and democratic regime transplanted on to Thai soil. This popular demand, fueled by the latest uprising in May 1992 against the military- controlled government, led to the election of the Constitution Drafting Assembly to rewrite the new constitution according to the wishes of the people. To make this Constitution closer to the wishes and aspirations of the people, the Constitution Drafting Assembly organized public hearings to enable concerned citizens and groups to air their opinions on a variety of topics and subjects crucial to the working and efficiency of the Constitution. Finally the new and first popular Constitution was submitted to Parliament with strong support from people of all walks. Its submission was followed by long debates and objections from certain leading members of the House who feared it was overly liberal in its strong support of human rights and liberties of the people.
    [Show full text]
  • Debt Beyond Borders
    Lund University Master of Science in International Development and Management August 2019 Debt Beyond Borders Exploring how migrant workers from Myanmar in Thailand perceive loans and debt, and how these perceptions link with the migrants’ borrowing behaviour Author: Natasha Maria Lund Andersen Supervisor: Christopher Mathieu Abstract In a time where concern over migrant indebtedness as a cross-cutting development issue is growing around the world, this paper sets out to explore how migrant workers from Myanmar in Thailand perceive loans and debt, and how these perceptions may link with the migrants’ borrowing behaviour. Despite the prominence of the Myanmar-Thai migration corridor and evidence that indebtedness is common amongst Myanmar migrants, research and reliable data on the topic remain scarce, ultimately constituting a barrier to evidence-based interventions and policy-making. As a contribution towards filling this knowledge gap, the present study has interviewed 35 migrant workers from Myanmar to qualitatively explore how they understand and experience loans and debt, as well as investigate how these perceptions may link with their borrowing behaviour. Through an inductive, phenomenologically-inspired research design and guided by Applied Thematic Analysis, the study has identified commonalities between the interviewees’ perceptions and found indications of links between the articulated perceptions and reported borrowing behaviour. To further explore this relationship, the study has employed insights from Social Cognition Theory and two social cognition models, namely the Health Belief Model and the Model of Social Cognitive Theory, to propose a model of the relationship between perceptions and borrowing behaviour. Key words: Debt, Loans, Migration, Development, Myanmar, Thailand, Perceptions, Borrowing Behaviour, Social Cognition Theory, Social Cognition Models Word Count: 14,991 Acknowledgements This thesis belongs to the 35 remarkable women and men who took part in the study.
    [Show full text]
  • Fisheries Management in Bang Saphan Bay, Thailand
    Systematizing Local Knowledge using GIS: Fisheries Management in Bang Saphan Bay, Thailand by Supaporn Anuchiracheeva, Harvey Demaine, GaneshP. Shivakoti and Kenneth Ruddle Abstract Although local knowledge is a crucial source of information for fishery development, its generally unsystematic presentation and nebulous content makes use by policy makers or managers difficult. Based on field data obtained using Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) at Bang Saphan Bay, Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand, we attempt to show here how local knowledge can be effectively systematized, analyzed and displayed visually using a Geographical Information System (GIS) for use in fisheries management. PRA data on location fished, time of fishing, techniques and technology used and species targeted was obtained from local fishers then mapped using Arcview (3.1).| In this way local fisheries knowledge can be converted into geo-spatial data form via GIS, and the succinct results used easily to guide fishery management and planning, especially by offering directions for rights-based fisheries and co-management. 1. INTRODUCTION Local or traditional knowledge is now recognized as a crucial source of information in rural and agricultural development [1, 2] including fishery development activities. Charles [3] states that "... it seems clear that one of the significant contributors to fishery collapse is the combination of (a) a lack of knowledge in some cases, and (b) a failure to use all available sources of information and knowledge in other cases". He also observes that there is increasing recognition that fishers have a base of useful knowledge, which is continually updated through their direct experience at sea, and that their support for fisheries management is enhanced if fishers are involved in discussion with their information available.
    [Show full text]
  • List of AQ in Other Provinces Compiled by Department of Consular Affairs | for More Information, Please Visit Note : 1
    List of AQ Provinces As of 5 July 2021 List of AQ in other Provinces Compiled by Department of Consular Affairs | For more information, please visit www.hsscovid.com Note : 1. Passengers arrived at Suvarnabhumi Airport/ Don Mueang International Airport can be quarantined in AQ located in Chonburi and Prachinburi. 2. Passengers arrived at Phuket International Airport can be quarantined in AQ located in Phuket and Phang-nga. 3. For travellers entering Thailand via Ban Klong Luek (Aranyaprathet) Border Checkpoint can be quarantined in AQ located in Prachinburi. 4. For travellers entering Thailand via 2nd Thai–Lao Friendship Bridge can be quarantined in AQ located in Mukdahan. How to make a reservation? - Contact a hotel directly for reservation - Make a reservation on authorized online platforms (1) https://entrythailand.go.th/ (2) https://asqthailand.com/ (3) https://asq.locanation.com/ (4) https://asq.ascendtravel.com/ (5) https://www.agoda.com/quarantineth Starting Price (per person) for Thais Price range (Baht) No. Hotel Name Partnered Hospital Total Room (with discount on RT-PCR-test) per person Chonburi 1 Best Bella Pattaya Hotel Banglamung Hospital 39,000 – 45,000 90 Family Packages are available. 2 Avani Pattaya Resort Bangkok Hospital Pattaya 71,000 – 105,000 232 Family Packages are available. 3 Hotel J Residence Vibharam Laemchabang 39,000 – 60,000 75 Hospital Family Packages are available. 4 Tropicana Pattaya Memorial Hospital 37,000 - 56,000 170 5 Grand Bella Hotel Banglamung Hospital 27,000 - 44,000 344 6 Bella Express Hotel Banglamung Hospital 26,000 166 7 Sunshine Garden Resort Vibharam Laemchabang 37,500 - 48,750 65 Hospital 8 The Green Park Resort Vibharam Laemchabang 39,750 - 48,750 113 Hospital 9 Ravindra Beach Resort and Spa Bangkok Hospital Pattaya 69,000 - 72,000 100 Family Packages are available.
    [Show full text]