I: Marriage Laws (Lectures– 10) A
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The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act, 1958 (24 of 1958)
The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act, 1958 (24 of 1958) as amended by The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains (Amendment and Validation) Act, 2010(10 of 2010) CONTENTS THE ANCIENT MONUMENTS AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES AND REMAINS ACT, 1958 The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains (Amendment and Validation) Act, 2010 (10 of 2010) Introduction PRELIMINARY Sections 1. Short title, extent and commencement 2. Definitions 2A Construction of references to any law not in force in the State of Jammu and Kashmir ANCIENT MONUMENTS AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES AND REMAINS OF NATIONAL IMPORTANCE 3. Certain ancient monuments/ etc., deemed to be of national importance 4. Power of Central Government to declare ancient monument, etc., to be of national importance 4A Categorisation and classification in respect of ancient monuments or archaeological sites and remains declared as of national importance under sections 3 and 4 PROTECTED MONUMENTS 5. Acquisition of rights in a protected monument 6. Preservation of protected monument by agreement 7. Owners under disability or not in possession 8. Application of endowment to repair a protected monument 9. Failure or refusal to enter into an agreement 10. Power to make order prohibiting contravention of agreement under section 6 11. Enforcement of agreement 12. Purchasers at certain sales and persons claiming through owner bound by instrument executed by owner 13. Acquisition of protected monuments 14. Maintenance of certain protected monuments 15. Voluntary contributions 16. Protection of place of worship from misuse, pollution or desecration 17. Relinquishment of Government rights in a monument 18. Right of access to protected monument PROTECTED AREAS 19. -
Hinduism Around the World
Hinduism Around the World Numbering approximately 1 billion in global followers, Hinduism is the third-largest religion in the world. Though more than 90 percent of Hindus live on the Indian subcontinent (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, and Bhutan), the Hindu diaspora’s impact can still be felt today. Hindus live on every continent, and there are three Hindu majority countries in the world: India, Nepal, and Mauritius. Hindu Diaspora Over Centuries Hinduism began in the Indian subcontinent and gradually spread east to what is now contemporary Southeast Asia. Ancient Hindu cultures thrived as far as Cambodia, Thailand, the Philippines, Vietnam, and Indonesia. Some of the architectural works (including the famous Angkor Wat temple in Cambodia) still remain as vestiges of Hindu contact. Hinduism in Southeast Asia co-worshipped with Buddhism for centuries. However, over time, Buddhism (and later Islam in countries such as Indonesia) gradually grew more prominent. By the 10th century, the practice of Hinduism in the region had waned, though its influence continued to be strong. To date, Southeast Asia has the two highest populations of native, non-Indic Hindus: the Balinese Hindus of Indonesia and the Cham people of Vietnam. The next major migration took place during the Colonial Period, when Hindus were often taken as indentured laborers to British and Dutch colonies. As a result, Hinduism spread to the West Indies, Fiji, Copyright 2014 Hindu American Foundation Malaysia, Mauritius, and South Africa, where Hindus had to adjust to local ways of life. Though the Hindu populations in many of these places declined over time, countries such as Guyana, Mauritius, and Trinidad & Tobago, still have significant Hindu populations. -
The Role of Hindu Code Bill in Social Reconstruction of India (With Special Reference to Dr
P: ISSN NO.: 2394-0344 RNI No.UPBIL/2016/67980 VOL-2* ISSUE-10* January- 2018 E: ISSN NO.: 2455-0817 Remarking An Analisation The Role of Hindu Code Bill in Social Reconstruction of India (With Special Reference to Dr. B. R. Ambedkar) Abstract The Hindu Code Bill are the thoughts of such a social reformer who want to reforme the conditions of women making the important laws and regulations about Indian women. In this series Dr. B.R. Ambedkar proves himself such a thinker in India who thinks about reformation of Indian women legally. According to Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, “Women is a main piller of a family whose role is an important in a family i.e. she is first teacher of a child and to make a personality of a child, she has in the centre of a family. If a women in a family is literate, then she will try to literate her child in any condition and literacy is very essential for a civilized society as well as literacy is aware to a women for her rights in a society. Before this Bill, the conditions of Indian women were very miserable—she has no right to take education, no right to live free life, she always depend on her family members like a slave in society. So, the Hindu Code Bill was a step which tried to reform the conditions of Indian women and tried to give the rights of education, services, freedom and to live the life like a man. Pitamber Dass Jatav Keywords: Reforms, Hindu, Code, Bill, Assembly, Debates, Act, Women, Assistant Professor, Indian Society, Religion, Mitakshra, Tradition, Laws. -
Hindutva and Anti-Muslim Communal Violence in India Under the Bharatiya Janata Party (1990-2010) Elaisha Nandrajog Claremont Mckenna College
Claremont Colleges Scholarship @ Claremont CMC Senior Theses CMC Student Scholarship 2010 Hindutva and Anti-Muslim Communal Violence in India Under the Bharatiya Janata Party (1990-2010) Elaisha Nandrajog Claremont McKenna College Recommended Citation Nandrajog, Elaisha, "Hindutva and Anti-Muslim Communal Violence in India Under the Bharatiya Janata Party (1990-2010)" (2010). CMC Senior Theses. Paper 219. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/219 This Open Access Senior Thesis is brought to you by Scholarship@Claremont. It has been accepted for inclusion in this collection by an authorized administrator. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CLAREMONT McKENNA COLLEGE HINDUTVA AND ANTI-MUSLIM COMMUNAL VIOLENCE IN INDIA UNDER THE BHARATIYA JANATA PARTY (1990-2010) SUBMITTED TO PROFESSOR RODERIC CAMP AND PROFESSOR GASTÓN ESPINOSA AND DEAN GREGORY HESS BY ELAISHA NANDRAJOG FOR SENIOR THESIS (Spring 2010) APRIL 26, 2010 2 CONTENTS Preface 02 List of Abbreviations 03 Timeline 04 Introduction 07 Chapter 1 13 Origins of Hindutva Chapter 2 41 Setting the Stage: Precursors to the Bharatiya Janata Party Chapter 3 60 Bharat : The India of the Bharatiya Janata Party Chapter 4 97 Mosque or Temple? The Babri Masjid-Ramjanmabhoomi Dispute Chapter 5 122 Modi and his Muslims: The Gujarat Carnage Chapter 6 151 Legalizing Communalism: Prevention of Terrorist Activities Act (2002) Conclusion 166 Appendix 180 Glossary 185 Bibliography 188 3 PREFACE This thesis assesses the manner in which India’s Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) has emerged as the political face of Hindutva, or Hindu ethno-cultural nationalism. The insights of scholars like Christophe Jaffrelot, Ashish Nandy, Thomas Blom Hansen, Ram Puniyani, Badri Narayan, and Chetan Bhatt have been instrumental in furthering my understanding of the manifold elements of Hindutva ideology. -
Religious Diversity in Asia
Religious Diversity in Asia Edited by Jørn Borup Marianne Q. Fibiger Lene Kühle LEIDEN | BOSTON For use by the Author only | © 2020 Koninklijke Brill NV Contents List of Tables and Figures vii Notes on Contributors ix Introduction 1 Jørn Borup and Marianne Q. Fibiger Part 1 Religious Diversities – Past and Present 1 Religious Diversity on the Korean Peninsula, Past and Present 23 Don Baker 2 Religious Diversity in Japan 48 Ugo Dessì 3 The Double-Layered Diversification of Religion in Post-Renovation Vietnam 67 Chung Van Hoang PART 2 Identities 4 Some ‘Side Effects’ of Religious Diversity: Exploring Religious Conversion in the Indian Secular State 93 Ayelet Harel-Shalev and Noa Levy 5 The Challenge of Diversity: Evangelical Missionaries and Ethno-Christianity in Reform Era Yunnan 119 Gideon Elazar 6 From Syncretism to Split: Ethnographic Insights from a Socio-Religious Movement in India 145 Santosh K. Singh For use by the Author only | © 2020 Koninklijke Brill NV vi Contents Part 3 Education 7 Religious Diversity with Chinese Characteristics? Meanings and Implications of the Term ‘Religious Diversity’ in Contemporary Chinese Dissertations 169 Yu Tao and Ed Griffith 8 How Religious Diversity Is Represented and Taught in Asian School Textbooks 193 Satoko Fujiwara Part 4 Ritual 9 Worshipping Durga(s) Dasara, Durga Puja and the Dynamics of Goddess Worship in a Former Princely State in Odisha, India 223 Uwe Skoda 10 Religious Diversity and Interreligious Contestations in Sri Lanka: The Encounter between Buddhism and Islam in the Galebandara Cult in Kurunagala 243 Kalinga Tudor Silva Part 5 Diaspora 11 La Caridad, Oshún, and Kuan Yin in Afro-Chinese Religion in Cuba 271 Martin A. -
Notes on Contributors
Notes on Contributors Harriss-White, Barbara: University of Oxford, Queen Elizabeth House, United Kingdom. Hegewald, Julia: University of Manchester, School of Arts, Histories and Cultures, United Kingdom. Lall, Marie: University of London, Institute of Education, Department of Educa- tional Foundations and Policy Studies, United Kingdom. Manor, James: University of London, Institute of Commonwealth Studies, United Kingdom. Mishra, Deepak: Associate Professor, Social Sciences, Centre for the Study of Regional Development , Jawarhalal Nehru University, New Delhi, India Mitra, Subrata K.: Heidelberg University, South Asia Institute, Department of Political Science, Heidelberg, Germany. Nayak, Prasanna: Utkal University, Department of Anthropology, Bhubaneshwar, Orissa, India. Pfetsch, Frank: University of Heidelberg, Institute of Political Science, Germany. Prakash, Aseem: Senior Research Fellow at the Institute for Human Development, New Delhi, India. Scho¨ttli, Jivanta: Heidelberg University, South Asia Institute, Department of Political Science, Heidelberg, Germany. Spiess, Clemens: Heidelberg University, South Asia Institute, Department of Political Science, Heidelberg, Germany. Zavos, John: University of Manchester, School of Arts, Histories and Cultures, United Kingdom. S.K. Mitra (ed.), Citizenship as Cultural Flow, Transcultural Research – Heidelberg 265 Studies on Asia and Europe in a Global Context, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-34568-5, # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 Bibliography Acharya, Ashok. 2001. “Equality, Difference and Group Rights: The Case of India.” Doctoral Thesis, University of Toronto. www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ63760.pdf Adeney, Kathrine and Marie Lall. 2005. “Institutional Attempts to Build a ‘National’ Identity in India: Internal and External Dimensions.” India Review 4 (3): 258–286. Alston, P. (1994) ‘International Law and the Right to Food’ in B. -
5 : How Hindus Worship
29 March 2020 #5 4-6 : Describe the different forms of worship : HOW HINDUS WORSHIP 7-9 : Explain the importance of worship Key Question : What are Puja and Arati? KEY DIFFERENCES IN WORSHIP IN SHAIVISM AND VAISHNAVISM : Read through the information sheets and create a table of differences between the way Shaivites and Vaishnavas worship. Shaivism Vaishnavism 4-6 : Describe the Arati ceremony / 7-9 : Explain the ritual of Puja Key Question : What are Puja and Arati? VAISHNAVISM : Vaishnavism is one particular tradition or denomination within Hinduism, which focuses on the worship of Vishnu. It has become very popular in Britain in the last sixty years due to the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON), also known as the Hare Krishna movement. Vaishnava worship is based on the Upanishads, the Vedas and the Puranas, especially the Bhagavad Gita and concentrates on the concept of bhakti (personal devotion). Worship often consists of praying specific mantras (for example ‘Hare Krishna’) and the practice of repetitive prayer known as ‘japa’. Some consider Shiva to be a Vaishnava, and one well-known picture shows Rama praying before Shiva, that is, an avatar of Krishna praying before the god Shiva. Vaishnavas consider that Vishnu is within them as the ‘antaryami’ or God within, and their aim in life is to serve Vishnu or one of his avatars in the spiritual realm of vaikuntha. 4-6 : Describe the Arati ceremony / 7-9 : Explain the ritual of Puja Key Question : What are Puja and Arati? SHAIVISM : Shaivites, or Shaivas, are the second largest group of Hindus in India today. -
Religion-Based Personal Laws in India Has Been Looked at from Many Perspectives: Secularism, Modernity, National Unity And
Südasien-Chronik - South Asia Chronicle 5/2015, S. 369-398 © Südasien-Seminar der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin ISBN: 978-3-86004-316-5 Südasien-Chronik - South Asia Chronicle 5/2015, S. xx-xx © Südasien- Seminar derReligion Humboldt--UniversitätBased Personal zu Berlin ISBN: Laws xxxxxxxxxxxx in India from a Women ’s Rights Perspective: Context and some Recent Publications TANJA HERKLOTZ [email protected] Reviewed Works Flavia Agnes. 2011. Family Law Volume 1: Family Laws and Constitutional Claims. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 247 pp., ISBN: 9780198067900, Rs. 350. Flavia Agnes. 2011. Family Law Volume 2: Marriage, Divorce, and 370 Matrimonial Litigation. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 508 pp., ISBN: 9780198072201, Rs. 410. Nandini Chavan & Qutub Jehan Kidwai. 2006. Personal Law Reforms and Gender Empowerment: A Debate on Uniform Civil Code. New Delhi: Hope India, 380 pp., ISBN: 9788178710792, Rs. 795. Alamgir Muhammad Serajuddin. 2011. Muslim Family Law, Secular Courts and Muslim Women of South Asia: A Study in Judicial Activism. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 350 pp., ISBN: 9780195479683, Rs. 995. Gopika Solanki. 2011. Adjudication in Religious Family Laws: Cultural Accommodation, Legal Pluralism, and Gender Equality in India. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 438 pp., ISBN: 9781107610590, £29.99. Narendra Subramanian. 2014. Nation and Family: Personal Law, Cultural Pluralism, and Gendered Citizenship in India. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 400 pp., ISBN: 9780804788786, $65. REVIEW ESSAY Setting the Stage The topic of religion-based personal laws in India has been looked at from many perspectives: secularism, modernity, national unity and integration, community identity, religious freedom and the right to equality. The gender dimension has only featured recently as a topic and has mainly been discussed by feminist scholars and women’s rights activists. -
Hinduism and Hindu Philosophy
Essays on Indian Philosophy UNIVE'aSITY OF HAWAII Uf,FU:{ Essays on Indian Philosophy SHRI KRISHNA SAKSENA UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII PRESS HONOLULU 1970 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 78·114209 Standard Book Number 87022-726-2 Copyright © 1970 by University of Hawaii Press All Rights Reserved Printed in the United States of America Contents The Story of Indian Philosophy 3 Basic Tenets of Indian Philosophy 18 Testimony in Indian Philosophy 24 Hinduism 37 Hinduism and Hindu Philosophy 51 The Jain Religion 54 Some Riddles in the Behavior of Gods and Sages in the Epics and the Puranas 64 Autobiography of a Yogi 71 Jainism 73 Svapramanatva and Svapraka!;>atva: An Inconsistency in Kumarila's Philosophy 77 The Nature of Buddhi according to Sankhya-Yoga 82 The Individual in Social Thought and Practice in India 88 Professor Zaehner and the Comparison of Religions 102 A Comparison between the Eastern and Western Portraits of Man in Our Time 117 Acknowledgments The author wishes to make the following acknowledgments for permission to reprint previously published essays: "The Story of Indian Philosophy," in A History of Philosophical Systems. edited by Vergilius Ferm. New York:The Philosophical Library, 1950. "Basic Tenets of Indian Philosophy," previously published as "Are There Any Basic Tenets of Indian Philosophy?" in The Philosophical Quarterly. "Testimony in Indian Philosophy," previously published as "Authority in Indian Philosophy," in Ph ilosophyEast and West. vo!.l,no. 3 (October 1951). "Hinduism," in Studium Generale. no. 10 (1962). "The Jain Religion," previously published as "Jainism," in Religion in the Twentieth Century. edited by Vergilius Ferm. -
Religious Fact Sheets
CULTURE AND RELIGION Hinduism Introduction Hinduism is the oldest and the third largest of the world’s major religions, after Christianity and Islam, with 900 million adherents. Hindu teaching and philosophy has had a profound impact on other major religions. Hinduism is a faith as well as a way of life, a world view and philosophy upholding the principles of virtuous and true living for the Indian diaspora throughout the world. The history of Hinduism is intimately entwined with, and has had a profound influence on, the history of the Indian sub-continent. About 80% of the Indian population regard themselves as Hindu. Hindus first settled in Australia during the 19th century to work on cotton and sugar plantations and as merchants. In Australia, the Hindu philosophy is adopted by Hindu centres and temples, meditation and yoga groups and a number of other spiritual groups. The International Society for Krishna Consciousness is also a Hindu organisation. There are more than 30 Hindu temples in Australia, including one in Darwin. Background and Origins Hinduism is also known as Sanatana dharma meaning “immemorial way of right living”. Hinduism is the oldest and most complex of all established belief systems, with origins that date back more than 5000 years in India. There is no known prophet or single founder of Hinduism. Hinduism has a range of expression and incorporates an extraordinarily diverse range of beliefs, rituals and practices, The Hindu faith has numerous schools of thought, has no founder, no organisational hierarchy or structure and no central administration but the concept of duty or dharma, the social and ethical system by which an individual organises his or her life. -
Personal Laws in India: the Activisms of Muslim Women's Organizations
DUKE UNIVERSITY Durham, North Carolina Personal Laws in India: The Activisms of Muslim Women’s Organizations Arpita Elizabeth Varghese April, 2015 Under the supervision of Prof. Robin Kirk, Department of Cultural Anthropology Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Graduation with Distinction Program in International Comparative Studies Trinity College of Arts and Sciences Varghese Contents Abstract ..................................................................................................................................................... 2 Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................................... 3 List of Abbreviations ................................................................................................................................ 4 Chapter One - A Sense of Us: Navigating Differences ................................................................................. 5 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 5 Background to the Uniform Civil Code .................................................................................................... 7 Entering the Uniform Civil Code Discourse: Research Methodology ...................................................... 8 Literature Review ................................................................................................................................... -
The People of India
LIBRARY ANNFX 2 CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY ^% Cornell University Library DS 421.R59 1915 The people of India 3 1924 024 114 773 Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924024114773 THE PEOPLE OF INDIA =2!^.^ Z'^JiiS- ,SIH HERBERT ll(i 'E MISLEX, K= CoIoB a , ( THE PEOPLE OF INDIA w SIR HERBERT RISLEY, K.C.I.E., C.S.I. DIRECTOR OF ETHNOGRAPHY FOR INDIA, OFFICIER d'aCADEMIE, FRANCE, CORRESPONDING MEMBER OF THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL SOCIETIES OF ROME AND BERLIN, AND OF THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND SECOND EDITION, EDITED BY W. CROOKE, B.A. LATE OF THE INDIAN CIVIL SERVICE "/« ^ood sooth, 7tiy masters, this is Ho door. Yet is it a little window, that looketh upon a great world" WITH 36 ILLUSTRATIONS AND AN ETHNOLOGICAL MAP OF INDIA UN31NDABL? Calcutta & Simla: THACKER, SPINK & CO. London: W, THACKER & CO., 2, Creed Lane, E.C. 191S PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED, LONDON AND BECCLES. e 7/ /a£ gw TO SIR WILLIAM TURNER, K.C.B. CHIEF AMONG ENGLISH CRANIOLOGISTS THIS SLIGHT SKETCH OF A LARGE SUBJECT IS WITH HIS PERMISSION RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION In an article on "Magic and Religion" published in the Quarterly Review of last July, Mr. Edward Clodd complains that certain observations of mine on the subject of " the impersonal stage of religion " are hidden away under the " prosaic title " of the Report on the Census of India, 1901.