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The Next Jerusalem
The Next Introduction1 Jerusalem: Since the beginning of the Israeli-Palestinian Potential Futures conflict, the city of Jerusalem has been the subject of a number of transformations that of the Urban Fabric have radically changed its urban structure. Francesco Chiodelli Both the Israelis and the Palestinians have implemented different spatial measures in pursuit of their disparate political aims. However, it is the Israeli authorities who have played the key role in the process of the “political transformation” of the Holy City’s urban fabric, with the occupied territories of East Jerusalem, in particular, being the object of Israeli spatial action. Their aim has been the prevention of any possible attempt to re-divide the city.2 In fact, the military conquest in 1967 was not by itself sufficient to assure Israel that it had full and permanent The wall at Abu Dis. Source: Photo by Federica control of the “unified” city – actually, the Cozzio (2012) international community never recognized [ 50 ] The Next Jerusalem: Potential Futures of the Urban Fabric the 1967 Israeli annexation of the Palestinian territories, and the Palestinians never ceased claiming East Jerusalem as the capital of a future Palestinian state. So, since June 1967, after the overtly military phase of the conflict, Israeli authorities have implemented an “urban consolidation phase,” with the aim of making the military conquests irreversible precisely by modifying the urban space. Over the years, while there have been no substantial advances in terms of diplomatic agreements between the Israelis and the Palestinians about the status of Jerusalem, the spatial configuration of the city has changed constantly and quite unilaterally. -
The Mount Scopus Enclave, 1948–1967
Yfaat Weiss Sovereignty in Miniature: The Mount Scopus Enclave, 1948–1967 Abstract: Contemporary scholarly literature has largely undermined the common perceptions of the term sovereignty, challenging especially those of an exclusive ter- ritorial orientation and offering a wide range of distinct interpretations that relate, among other things, to its performativity. Starting with Leo Gross’ canonical text on the Peace of Westphalia (1948), this article uses new approaches to analyze the policy of the State of Israel on Jerusalem in general and the city’s Mount Scopus enclave in 1948–1967 in particular. The article exposes tactics invoked by Israel in three different sites within the Mount Scopus enclave, demilitarized and under UN control in the heart of the Jordanian-controlled sector of Jerusalem: two Jewish in- stitutions (The Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Hadassah hospital), the Jerusa- lem British War Cemetery, and the Palestinian village of Issawiya. The idea behind these tactics was to use the Demilitarization Agreement, signed by Israel, Transjor- dan, and the UN on July 7, 1948, to undermine the status of Jerusalem as a Corpus Separatum, as had been proposed in UN Resolution 181 II. The concept of sovereignty stands at the center of numerous academic tracts written in the decades since the end of the Cold War and the partition of Europe. These days, with international attention focused on the question of Jerusalem’s international status – that is, Israel’s sovereignty over the town – there is partic- ularly good reason to examine the broad range of definitions yielded by these discussions. Such an examination can serve as the basis for an informed analy- sis of Israel’s policy in the past and, to some extent, even help clarify its current approach. -
Access to Jerusalem – New Military Order Limits West Bank Palestinian Access
February 2006 Special Focus Humanitarian Reports Humanitarian Assistance in the oPt Humanitarian Events Monitoring Issues Special Focus: Access to Jerusalem – New Military Order Limits West Bank Palestinian Access As the Barrier nears completion around Jerusalem, recent Israeli The eight other crossings are less time-consuming - drivers and their military orders further restrict West Bank Palestinian pedestrian and passengers generally drive through a checkpoint encountering only vehicle access into Jerusalem.1 These orders integrate the Barrier random ID checks. crossing regime into the closure system and limit West Bank Palestinian traffic into Jerusalem to four Barrier crossings (see map Reduced access to religious sites: below): Qalandiya from the north, Gilo from the south2, Shu’fat camp The ability of the Muslim and Christian communities in the West from the east and Ras Abu Sbeitan (Olive) for pedestrian residents Bank to freely access holy sites in Jerusalem is an additional of Abu Dis, and Al ‘Eizariya.3 concern. With these orders, for example, all three major routes between Jerusalem and Bethlehem (Tunnel road, original Road 60 Currently, there are 12 routes and crossings to enter Jerusalem from (Gilo) and Ein Yalow) will be blocked for Palestinian use. the West Bank including the four in the Barrier (see detailed map Christian and Muslim residents of Bethlehem and the surrounding attached). The eight other routes and crossing points into Jerusalem, villages will in the future access Jerusalem through one barrier now closed to West Bank Palestinians, will remain open to residents crossing and only if a permit has been obtained from the Israeli Civil of Israel including those living in settlements, persons of Jewish Administration. -
Israel and Judah: 18. Temple Interior and Dedication
Associates for Scriptural Knowledge • P.O. Box 25000, Portland, OR 97298-0990 USA © ASK, March 2019 • All rights reserved • Number 3/19 Telephone: 503 292 4352 • Internet: www.askelm.com • E-Mail: [email protected] How the Siege of Titus Locates the Temple Mount in the City of David by Marilyn Sams, July 2016 Formatted and annotated by David Sielaff, March 2019 This detailed research paper by independent author Marilyn Sams is one of several to follow her 2015 book, The Jerusalem Temple Mount Myth. Her book was inspired by a desire to prove (or disprove) Dr. Ernest Martin’s research in The Temples That Jerusalem Forgot. Ms. Sams wrote a second book in 2017, The Jerusalem Temple Mount: A Compendium of Ancient Descriptions expanding the argument in her first book, itemizing and analyzing 375 ancient descriptions of the Temple, Fort Antonia, and environs, all confirming a Gihon location for God’s Temples.1 Her books and articles greatly advance Dr. Martin’s arguments. David Sielaff, ASK Editor Marilyn Sams: The siege of Titus has been the subject of many books and papers, but always from the false perspective of the Jerusalem Temple Mount’s misidentification.2 The purpose of this paper is to illuminate additional aspects of the siege, in order to show how they cannot reasonably be applied to the current models of the temple and Fort Antonia, but can when the “Temple Mount” is identified as Fort Antonia. Conflicts Between the Rebellious Leaders Prior to the Siege of Titus A clarification of the definition of “Acra” is crucial to understanding the conflicts between John of Gischala and Simon of Giora, two of the rebellious [Jewish] faction leaders, who divided parts of Jerusalem 1 Her second book shows the impossibility of the so-called “Temple Mount” and demonstrate the necessity of a Gihon site of the Temples. -
GLOSSARY Divrei Haknesset Hapraklit Hatza'oi Hok 'Iton Rishmi
GLOSSARY Divrei HaKnesset Records of Knesset proceedings HaPraklit Law Journal published by the Jewish Bar Association (1943-48), now the Israel Bar, and, since 1964, in cooperation with the Faculty of Law of the Hebrew University, Jerusalem Hatza'oi Hok Legislative Bills 'Iton Rishmi The Official Gazette during the tenure of the Provisional Council of State Kifvei Amana Israel Treaty Documents Knesset Israel Legislative Assembly Kovefz HaTakanot Subsidiary Legislation Students Law Review, Faculty of Law, Mishpatim Hebrew University of Jerusalem Law reports of the Supreme Court, pub- Piskei Din (Judgments) lished by the Ministry of Justice (1948- ) Law reports of the Supreme Court and Psakim (Decisions) District Courts, published privately (1948) Law reports of the Supreme Court, pub- Psakim 'Elyon lished by the Israel Bar Association (1948- (Supreme [Court] Decisions) 1961) Psakim Mehoziim Law reports of the District Courts, pub- (District [Courts] Decisions) lished by the Israel Bar (1949- ) Reshumot Official Gazette Sefer HaHukim Principal Legislation Yalkut HaPirsumim Government Notices ABBREVATIONS A.L.R. — Annotated Law Reports (1943-47) O.L.R. — Current Law Reports F.H. — Further Hearings K.A. — Kitvei Amana (in Hebrew) K.T. — Kovefz HaTakanot (in Hebrew) L.S.I. — Laws of the State of Israel P.D. — Piskei Din (in Hebrew) P.E. — Psakim 'Elyon (in Hebrew) P.L.R. — Palestine Law Reports, 1920-47 P.M. — Psakim Mehoziim (in Hebrew) P.A1.S. — Psakim Mehoziim Summary (in Hebrew) P.G. — Palestine Gazette Rot. — Rotenberg's Law Reports (1919-36) S.C.J. — Annotated Supreme Court Judgments (1937-42) S.D.C. — Selected Cases of the District Court (1943-47) SJ. -
Jerusalem Chronology 2015 January Jan. 1: the Israeli Supreme Court
Jerusalem Chronology 2015 January Jan. 1: The Israeli Supreme Court rejects an appeal to prevent the demolition of the homes of four Palestinians from East Jerusalem who attacked Israelis in West Jerusalem in recent months. - Marabouts at Al-Aqsa Mosque confront a group of settlers touring Al-Aqsa compound. Jan. 3: Palestinian MK Ahmad Tibi joins hundreds of Palestinians marching toward the Al-Aqsa Mosque in the Old City of Jerusalem to mark the Prophet Muhammad's birthday. Jan. 5: Settlers tour Al-Aqsa Mosque compound while Israeli forces confiscate the IDs of Muslims trying to enter. - Around 50 Israeli forces along with 18 settlers tour Al-Aqsa compound. Jan. 8: A Jewish Israeli man is stabbed and injured by an unknown assailant while walking near the Old City’s Damascus Gate. Jan. 9: Israeli police detain at least seven Palestinians in a series of raids in the Old City over the stabbing a day earlier. - Yedioth Ahronoth reports that the Israeli Intelligence (Shabak) frustrated an operation that was intended to blow the Dome of the Rock by an American immigrant. Jan. 11: Israeli police forces detain seven Palestinians from Silwan after a settler vehicle was torched in the area. Jan. 12: A Jerusalem magistrate court has ruled that Israeli settlers who occupied Palestinian homes in East Jerusalem may not make substantial changes to the properties. - Settlers tour Al-Aqsa Mosque compound. Jan. 13: Israeli forces detained three 14-year old youth during a raid on Issawiyya and two women while leaving Al-Aqsa Mosque. Jan. 14: Jewish extremists morning punctured the tires of 11 vehicles in Beit Safafa. -
November 2014 Al-Malih Shaqed Kh
Salem Zabubah Ram-Onn Rummanah The West Bank Ta'nak Ga-Taybah Um al-Fahm Jalameh / Mqeibleh G Silat 'Arabunah Settlements and the Separation Barrier al-Harithiya al-Jalameh 'Anin a-Sa'aidah Bet She'an 'Arrana G 66 Deir Ghazala Faqqu'a Kh. Suruj 6 kh. Abu 'Anqar G Um a-Rihan al-Yamun ! Dahiyat Sabah Hinnanit al-Kheir Kh. 'Abdallah Dhaher Shahak I.Z Kfar Dan Mashru' Beit Qad Barghasha al-Yunis G November 2014 al-Malih Shaqed Kh. a-Sheikh al-'Araqah Barta'ah Sa'eed Tura / Dhaher al-Jamilat Um Qabub Turah al-Malih Beit Qad a-Sharqiyah Rehan al-Gharbiyah al-Hashimiyah Turah Arab al-Hamdun Kh. al-Muntar a-Sharqiyah Jenin a-Sharqiyah Nazlat a-Tarem Jalbun Kh. al-Muntar Kh. Mas'ud a-Sheikh Jenin R.C. A'ba al-Gharbiyah Um Dar Zeid Kafr Qud 'Wadi a-Dabi Deir Abu Da'if al-Khuljan Birqin Lebanon Dhaher G G Zabdah לבנון al-'Abed Zabdah/ QeiqisU Ya'bad G Akkabah Barta'ah/ Arab a-Suweitat The Rihan Kufeirit רמת Golan n 60 הגולן Heights Hadera Qaffin Kh. Sab'ein Um a-Tut n Imreihah Ya'bad/ a-Shuhada a a G e Mevo Dotan (Ganzour) n Maoz Zvi ! Jalqamus a Baka al-Gharbiyah r Hermesh Bir al-Basha al-Mutilla r e Mevo Dotan al-Mughayir e t GNazlat 'Isa Tannin i a-Nazlah G d Baqah al-Hafira e The a-Sharqiya Baka al-Gharbiyah/ a-Sharqiyah M n a-Nazlah Araba Nazlat ‘Isa Nazlat Qabatiya הגדה Westהמערבית e al-Wusta Kh. -
NABI SAMWIL Saint Andrew’S Evangelical Church - (Protestant Hall) Ramallah - West Bank - Palestine 2018
About Al-Haq Al-Haq is an independent Palestinian non-governmental human rights organisation based in Ramallah, West Bank. Established in 1979 to protect and promote human rights and the rule of law in the Occupied Palestinian Territory (OPT), the organisation has special consultative status with the UN Economic and Social Council. Al-Haq documents violations of the individual and collective rights of Palestinians in the OPT, regardless of the identity of the perpetrator, and seeks to end such breaches by way of advocacy before national and international mechanisms and by holding the violators accountable. The organisation conducts research; prepares reports, studies and interventions on the breaches of international human rights and humanitarian law in the OPT; and undertakes advocacy before local, regional and international bodies. Al-Haq also cooperates with Palestinian civil society organisations and governmental institutions in order to ensure that international human rights standards are reflected in Palestinian law and policies. The organisation has a specialised international law library for the use of its staff and the local community. Al-Haq is also committed to facilitating the transfer and exchange of knowledge and experience in international humanitarian and human rights law on the local, regional and international levels through its Al-Haq Center for Applied International Law. The Center conducts training courses, workshops, seminars and conferences on international humanitarian law and human rights for students, lawyers, journalists and NGO staff. The Center also hosts regional and international researchers to conduct field research and analysis of aspects of human rights and IHL as they apply in the OPT. -
The Palestinian Economy in East Jerusalem, Some Pertinent Aspects of Social Conditions Are Reviewed Below
UNITED N A TIONS CONFERENC E ON T RADE A ND D EVELOPMENT Enduring annexation, isolation and disintegration UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT Enduring annexation, isolation and disintegration New York and Geneva, 2013 Notes The designations employed and the presentation of the material do not imply the expression of any opinion on the part of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. ______________________________________________________________________________ Symbols of United Nations documents are composed of capital letters combined with figures. Mention of such a symbol indicates a reference to a United Nations document. ______________________________________________________________________________ Material in this publication may be freely quoted or reprinted, but acknowledgement is requested, together with a copy of the publication containing the quotation or reprint to be sent to the UNCTAD secretariat: Palais des Nations, CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland. ______________________________________________________________________________ The preparation of this report by the UNCTAD secretariat was led by Mr. Raja Khalidi (Division on Globalization and Development Strategies), with research contributions by the Assistance to the Palestinian People Unit and consultant Mr. Ibrahim Shikaki (Al-Quds University, Jerusalem), and statistical advice by Mr. Mustafa Khawaja (Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, Ramallah). ______________________________________________________________________________ Cover photo: Copyright 2007, Gugganij. Creative Commons, http://commons.wikimedia.org (accessed 11 March 2013). (Photo taken from the roof terrace of the Austrian Hospice of the Holy Family on Al-Wad Street in the Old City of Jerusalem, looking towards the south. In the foreground is the silver dome of the Armenian Catholic church “Our Lady of the Spasm”. -
1 2017 Annual Report 2017 Had the Dubious Distinction Of
. 2017 Annual Report 2017 had the dubious distinction of marking the 50th anniversary of Israel’s occupation of the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, and the Gaza Strip. After half a century, during which Israel’s policies have created profound changes that indicate long-term intentions, it is clear that this reality cannot be viewed as temporary. In 2017, B'Tselem continued to document and publicize human rights violations, while exposing the injustice, violence and dispossession at the very core of the occupation regime, challenging its legitimacy in Israel and abroad, and helping to expedite its end. 1 Table of Contents 2017 in Numbers 3 Executive Director's Note 5 Marking the 50th year of the Occupation 6 Photography Exhibit 6 Media Surrounding the 50th Anniversary 8 Reports Published in 2017 8 Getting Off Scot-Free 8 Made in Israel: Exploiting Palestinian Land for Treatment of Israeli Waste 9 Unprotected: Detention of Palestinian Teenagers in East Jerusalem 9 Fatalities 10 Trigger-Happy Responses to Clashes, Stone-throwing Incidents, Demonstrations or Evading Arrest 10 A Shoot-to-Kill Approach in Cases Defined as Assault 10 Security Forces Violence Against Palestinians 11 The Gaza Strip – A Decade of Siege 11 Separating Families 12 Gaza Executions 12 Prisoners and Detainees 13 Hunger Strike 13 Minor detainees 13 Communities Facing Demolitions and Displacement in Area C 14 Communities Under Imminent Threat of Transfer 14 An Increasingly Coercive Environment 15 Demolition Data 15 Demolitions in East Jerusalem 16 Batan al-Hawa - -
Bethlehem 1 Cluster
º¹DP UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs October 2005 Qalandiya Camp Closed Villages Project - Villages isolated fromÇ theirQalandiya natural centers º¹ ¬Palestinians without permits (the large majority of the population) village cluster Beit Duqqu P 144 Atarot ### ¬Ç usalem 3 170 Al Judeira Al Jib Closures ## Bir Nabala Beit 'Anan Jenin BethlehemAl Jib 1 cluster Ç Beit Ijza Closed village cluster ¬ Checkpoint ## ## AL Ram CP ## m al Lahim In 2000, villagers would access Bethlehem Ç#along# Earthmound Tulkarm Jerusalem 2 #¬# Al Qubeiba road 60 for their services. In 2005, road 60 and 367 Ç Qatanna Biddu 150 ¬ Partial Checkpoint Nablus 151 are closed to palestinian traffic making these villages Qalqiliya /" # Hizmah CP D inaccessible by car.ramot In ordercp Beit# Hanina to cope,# al#### Balad a local school Ç # ### ¬Ç D Road Gate Salfit has been created¬ and villagers walk to Beit Fajar for Beit Surik health services. /" Roadblock These villages are inaccessible by car Ramallah/Al Bireh Beit Surik º¹P Under / Overpass 152## Ç##Shu'fat Camp 'Anata Jericho Village Population¬ Constructed Barrier Jerusalem Khallet Zakariya 80 173 Projected Barrier Bethlehem Khallet Afana 40 /" Al 'Isawiya /" Under Construction Total Population: 120 Az Za'ayyemProhibited Roads Hebron ## º¹AzP Za'ayyem Zayem CP ¬Ç 174 Partially Prohibited Restricted Use Al 'Eizariya Comparing situations Pre-Intifada /" Totally Prohibited and August 2005 Closed village cluster Year 2000 Localities Abu Dis Jerusalem 1 August 2005 Closed Villages 'Arab al Jahalin -
Metropolitan Jerusalem - August 2006
Metropolitan Jerusalem - August 2006 Jalazun OFRA BET TALMON EL . RIMMONIM 60 Rd Bil'in Surda n llo Beitin Rammun A DOLEV Ramallah Deir Deir Ain DCO Dibwan Ibzi Al Chpt. Arik Ramallah Bireh G.ASSAF Beit Ur 80 Thta. Beituniya Burka 443 Beit Ur PSAGOT Fqa. MIGRON MA'ALE KOCHAV MIKHMAS BET YA'ACOV HORON Kufr Aqab Tira Rafat Mukhmas GIV'AT Kalandiya Beit Chpt. Liqya ZE'EV Beit Jaba GEVA Dukku BINYAMIN Jib Bir Ram Beit Nabala Inan Beit Ijza G.HAHADASHA B. N.YA'ACOV Qubeibe Hanina ALMON/ Bld. Beit Hizma ANATOT Biddu N.Samwil Hanina Qatanna Beit 45 HARADAR Beit P.ZE'EV Iksa Shuafat KFAR Surik ADUMIM RAMOT 1 R.SHLOMO Anata 1 FR. E 1 R.ESHKOL HILL Isawiya Zayim WEST East Jerusalem OLD Tur CITY I S R A E L Azarya MA'ALE Silwan ADUMIM Abu Thuri Dis Container Chpt. KEDAR Sawahra EAST Beit TALPIOT Safafa G. Sh.Sa'ad HAMATOS Sur GILO Walaja Bahir HAR HAR Battir GILO HOMA Ubaydiya Numan Mazmuriya Husan B.Jala Chpt. Wadi Al Kh.Juhzum 5 Km Fukin Bethlehem Khas Khadr B.Sahur BETAR ILLIT Um Shawawra NEVE Rukba Irtas Hindaza Nahhalin DANIEL GEVA'OT 60 Jaba ROSH TZURIM Za'atara Kht. EFRATA W.Rahhal BAT ELAZAR AYIN Zakarya Harmala ALLON W.an Nis SHVUT Jurat KFAR ELDAD Surif KFAR ash Shama TEKOA ETZION NOKDIM Tuku' Safa MIGDAL W e s t B a n k Beit OZ Beit Ummar Fajjar Map : © Jan de Jong Palestinian Village, Green Line Main Palestinian City or Road Link Neighborhood Jerusalem Israeli Settlement, Separation Israeli Checkpoint Existing / Barrier and/or Gate Under Construction Trajectory Israeli (Re) Constructed Israeli Civil or Military Israeli Municipal Settler Road, Facility and Area Limit East Jerusalem Projected or Under Construction E 1-Plan Outline Settlement Area Planned Settlement East of the Barrier 60 Road Number Construction .