Synthetic Opioids
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Substance Use Resources for Grades 7-12
1 Substance Use Resources for Grades 7-12 Online Resource Library Search: https://www.voa-dakotas.org/resource-library Addiction: page 1 Alcohol: page 1 Drugs: page 4 Vaping/tobacco: page 10 Addiction Addiction and the Human Brain o DVD, 2006, HRM, 27 minutes, Grades 7-12 o Drug addiction is a disease of the brain and teens are at highest risk for acquiring this disease. This DVD explains the changes to the brain caused by prolonged use of drugs and shows why voluntary drug use eventually becomes involuntary and compulsive. Studies indicate that drugs affect the developing brain more than the brain of someone more mature, thus putting teens at a higher risk of addiction. Interviews with recovering teen addicts, an addiction counselor, and brain experts and researchers provide sobering considerations to viewers. Pre- and Post-tests are included. How Addiction Hijacks the Brain o DVD, 2016, HRM, CC, 24 minutes, Grades 7-College o This film drives home the message that drug and alcohol addiction are a disease of the brain and that teens are at highest risk for acquiring this disease. Leading scientists detail how drugs like heroin, nicotine, cocaine and marijuana change the brain, subvert the way it registers pleasure, and corrupt learning and motivation. Young recovering addicts provide a human face to the effects of drugs and alcohol as they describe how addiction involves intense craving for a drug and loss of control over its use. Viewers also learn that the brain’s plasticity, or ability to change, offers hope for addicts that they can turn their lives around. -
Etodesnitazene
Etodesnitazene Sample Type: Biological Fluid Latest Revision: February 23, 2021 Date of Report: February 23, 2021 1. GENERAL INFORMATION IUPAC Name: 2-[2-[(4-ethoxyphenyl)methyl]benzimidazol-1-yl]-N,N-diethyl- ethanamine InChI String: InChI=1S/C22H29N3O/c1-4-24(5-2)15-16-25-21-10-8-7-9-20(21)23- 22(25)17-18-11-13-19(14-12-18)26-6-3/h7-14H,4-6,15-17H2,1-3H3 CFR: Not Scheduled (02/2021) CAS# Not available Synonyms: Etazene, Desnitroetonitazene, Etazen, Etazone Source: Oregon State Police Forensic Laboratory Important Notes: All identifications were made based on evaluation of analytical data (LC-QTOF-MS) in comparison to analysis of acquired reference material. This drug was also confirmed via LC-MS/MS. Prepared By: Janet Schultz, PhD; Sailee Raje; Sara Short, MS, D-ABFT-FT; Michele Stauffenberg, MD; Alex J. Krotulski, PhD; Melissa F. Fogarty, MSFS, D-ABFT-FT; and Barry K. Logan, PhD, F-ABFT 2. CHEMICAL DATA Chemical Molecular Molecular Exact Mass Analyte Formula Weight Ion [M+] [M+H]+ Etodesnitazene C22H29N3O 351.5 351 352.2383 3. SAMPLE HISTORY Etodesnitazene has been identified in one case since December 2020. The geographical and demographical breakdown is below: Geographical Location: Oregon (n=1) Biological Sample: Subclavian Blood (n=1) Date of First Receipt: December 2020 Other Notable Findings: Etizolam, Methamphetamine, Mitragynine 4. BRIEF DESCRIPTION Etodesnitazene is classified as a novel opioid of the benzimidazole sub-class and is structurally dissimilar from fentanyl. Novel opioids have been reported to cause psychoactive effects similar to heroin, fentanyl, and other opioids. -
Report of the International Narcotics Control Board for 2020 (E/INCB/2020/1) Is Supplemented by the Following Reports
INTERNATIONAL NARCOTICS CONTROL BOARD Report 2020 EMBARGO Observe release date: Not to be published or broadcast before Thursday 25 March 2021, at 1100 hours (CET) UNITED NATIONS CAUTION Reports published by the International Narcotics Control Board for 2020 TheReport of the International Narcotics Control Board for 2020 (E/INCB/2020/1) is supplemented by the following reports: Celebrating 60 Years of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs of 1961 and 50 Years of the Convention on Psychotropic Substances of 1971 (E/INCB/2020/1/Supp.1) Narcotic Drugs: Estimated World Requirements for 2021 — Statistics for 2019 (E/INCB/2020/2) Psychotropic Substances: Statistics for 2019 — Assessments of Annual Medical and Scientific Requirements for Substances in Schedules II, III and IV of the Convention on Psychotropic Sub- stances of 1971 (E/INCB/2020/3) Precursors and Chemicals Frequently Used in the Illicit Manufacture of Narcotic Drugs and Psycho tropic Substances: Report of the International Narcotics Control Board for 2020 on the Implementation of Article 12 of the United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances of 1988 (E/INCB/2020/4) The updated lists of substances under international control, comprising narcotic drugs, psycho tropic substances and substances frequently used in the illicit manufacture of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, are contained in the latest editions of the annexes to the statistical forms (“Yellow List”, “Green List” and “Red List”), which are also issued by the Board. Contacting the International Narcotics Control Board The secretariat of the Board may be reached at the following address: Vienna International Centre Room E1339 P.O. -
Communicationfile-132886.Pdf
From: Nazlee Maghsoudi To: Board of Health Cc: Werb, Daniel; Hayley Thompson; Karen McDonald Subject: BOH June 14, 2021 - CDPE Comments on HL29.2 Date: June 13, 2021 6:52:20 PM Attachments: 2021-06-14_CDPE Comments to BOH_Toronto Overdose Action Plan Status Report 2021.pdf To the Members of the Board of Health, Please find attached comments from the Centre on Drug Policy Evaluation (CDPE) regarding agenda item HL29.2 (Toronto Overdose Action Plan: Status Report 2021) to be considered at the Board of Health meeting on Monday, June 14. We would greatly appreciate if you could please confirm receipt. Thanks so much, Nazlee Maghsoudi, BComm, MGA Doctoral Candidate, Health Services Research | Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto Manager, Policy Impact Unit | Centre on Drug Policy Evaluation (CDPE) Chairperson, Executive Committee | New York NGO Committee on Drugs (NYNGOC) Strategic Advisor | Canadian Students for Sensible Drug Policy (CSSDP) (647) 702-7825 Pronouns: She/Her Submission from Nazlee Maghsoudi, Centre on Drug Policy Evaluation Toronto's Dru·g Checking Service Coordinated by the Centre on Drug Policy Evaluation > i" Comments for Board of Health Consideration of “Toronto Overdose Action Plan: Status Report 2021” June 14, 2021 What does Toronto’s drug checking service do? • Offers people who use drugs timely and detailed information on the contents of their drugs, helping them to make more informed decisions • Shares information on Toronto’s unregulated drug supply to help harm reduction workers and clinicians tailor the care they provide to people who use drugs • Advocates for services and safer alternatives for people who use drugs 2 Free and anonymous drug checking is now available! What you give .. -
Epidemic of Prescription Drug Overdose in Ohio
EPIDEMIC OF PRESCRIPTION There were more deaths in 2008 and 2009 in Ohio from D RUG OVERDOSE IN OHIO unintentional drug overdose than from DID YOU KNOW? motor vehicle In 2007, unintentional drug poisoning became the leading crashes! cause of injury death in Ohio, surpassing motor vehicle crashes and suicide for the first time on record. This trend continued in 2009. (See Figure 1) Among the leading causes of injury death (see below), unintentional poisonings increased from the cause of the fewest number of annual deaths in 1999 (369 deaths) to the greatest in 2009 (1,817).i (See Figure 2) From 1999 to 2009, Ohio’s death rate due to unintentional drug poisonings increased 335 percent, and the increase in deaths has been driven largely by prescription drug overdoses. In Ohio, there were 327 fatal unintentional drug overdoses in 1999 growing to 1,423 annual deaths in 2009. On average, from 2006 to 2009, approximately four people died each day in Ohio due to drug overdose.v Figure 1. Number of deaths from MV traffic Figure 2 . Percent change in the number of deaths for and unintentional drug poisonings by year, the leading causes of injury, Ohio 1999-20091,2 Ohio, 2000-20091,2 1800 all unintentional 39% 1600 firearm related 15% 1400 1200 homicide 34% 1000 unintentional suicide 17% 800 poisoning 600 unintentional poisoning 301% unt MV traffic Number of deathsNumber 400 unt MV traffic -31% 200 unintentional falls 100% 0 -100% 0% 100% 200% 300% 400% Percent change from 2000-2009 Year 1Source: Ohio Department of Health, Office of Vital Statistics; 2 Unintentional Poisoning includes non-drug and drug-related poisoning. -
Report on a Novel Emerging Class of Highly Potent Benzimidazole NPS Opioids: Chemical and in Vitro Functional Characterization of Isotonitazene
Received: 29 August 2019 Revised: 12 November 2019 Accepted: 13 November 2019 DOI: 10.1002/dta.2738 RESEARCH ARTICLE Report on a novel emerging class of highly potent benzimidazole NPS opioids: Chemical and in vitro functional characterization of isotonitazene Peter Blanckaert1† | Annelies Cannaert2† | Katleen Van Uytfanghe2 | Fabian Hulpia3 | Eric Deconinck4 | Serge Van Calenbergh3 | Christophe Stove2 1Scientific Direction Epidemiology and Public Health, Section Lifestyle and Chronic Diseases, Abstract Belgian Early Warning System Drugs This paper reports on the identification and full chemical characterization of (BEWSD), Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium isotonitazene (N,N-diethyl-2-[5-nitro-2-({4-[(propan-2-yl)oxy]phenyl}methyl)-1H-ben- 2Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical zimidazol-1-yl]ethan-1-amine), a potent NPS opioid and the first member of the Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium benzimidazole class of compounds to be available on online markets. Interestingly, 3Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of this compound was sold under the name etonitazene, a structural analog. Identifica- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, tion of isotonitazene was performed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry Ghent, Belgium (GC–MS) and liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF- 4Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Service of Medicines and Health MS), the latter identifying an exact-mass m/z value of 411.2398. All chromatographic Products, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium data indicated the presence of a single, highly pure compound. Confirmation of the 1 13 Correspondence specific benzimidazole regio-isomer was performed using H and C NMR spectros- copy, after which the chemical characterization was finalized by recording Fourier- Christophe Stove, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of transform (FT-IR) spectra. -
WHO Expert Committee on Drug Dependence
WHO Technical Report Series 1034 This report presents the recommendations of the forty-third Expert Committee on Drug Dependence (ECDD). The ECDD is responsible for the assessment of psychoactive substances for possible scheduling under the International Drug Control Conventions. The ECDD reviews the therapeutic usefulness, the liability for abuse and dependence, and the public health and social harm of each substance. The ECDD advises the Director-General of WHO to reschedule or to amend the scheduling status of a substance. The Director-General will, as appropriate, communicate the recommendations to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, who will in turn communicate the advice to the Commission on Narcotic Drugs. This report summarizes the findings of the forty-third meeting at which the Committee reviewed 11 psychoactive substances: – 5-Methoxy-N,N-diallyltryptamine (5-MeO-DALT) WHO Expert Committee – 3-Fluorophenmetrazine (3-FPM) – 3-Methoxyphencyclidine (3-MeO-PCP) on Drug Dependence – Diphenidine – 2-Methoxydiphenidine (2-MeO-DIPHENIDINE) Forty-third report – Isotonitazene – MDMB-4en-PINACA – CUMYL-PEGACLONE – Flubromazolam – Clonazolam – Diclazepam The report also contains the critical review documents that informed recommendations made by the ECDD regarding international control of those substances. The World Health Organization was established in 1948 as a specialized agency of the United Nations serving as the directing and coordinating authority for international health matters and public health. One of WHO’s constitutional functions is to provide objective, reliable information and advice in the field of human health, a responsibility that it fulfils in part through its extensive programme of publications. The Organization seeks through its publications to support national health strategies and address the most pressing public health concerns of populations around the world. -
Suicides Due to Alcohol And/Or Drug Overdose
Suicides Due to Alcohol and/or Drug Overdose A Data Brief from the National Violent Death Reporting System National Center for Injury Prevention and Control Division of Violence Prevention Background Suicide occurs when a person ends his or her own life. It is the 11th leading cause of death among NVDRS is a state-based system for Americans, and every year more than 33,000 providing detailed information about people end their own lives. Suicide is found in violent deaths, such as when, where, every age, racial, and ethnic group to differing and how they happen and other possible degrees (1). contributing factors. This information can be used to monitor homicides and There are a number of factors that increase the suicides and design and evaluate prevention likelihood a person will take his or her own life; strategies. Benefits of NVDRS include the one of these is abusing substances such as alcohol following: and drugs (1). Alcohol and drug abuse are second only to depression and other mood disorders as• Linked records describing the detailed the most frequent risk factors for suicidal behavior circumstances that may contribute to a (2, 3). Alcohol and some drugs can result in a loss violent death of inhibition, may increase impulsive behavior, can lead to changes in the brain that result in • Identification of violent deaths occurring depression over time, and can be disruptive to together to help describe the circumstance relationships— resulting in alienation and a loss of multiple homicides or homicide- of social connection (4). Furthermore, excessive suicides acute drug and/or alcohol ingestion could result in death. -
The Biden-Harris Administration's Statement of Drug Policy Priorities
EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT OFFICE OF NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY Washington, DC 20503 The Biden-Harris Administration’s Statement of Drug Policy Priorities for Year One The overdose and addiction crisis has taken a heartbreaking toll on far too many Americans and their families. Since 2015, overdose death numbers have risen 35 percent, reaching a historic high of 70,630 deaths in 2019.1 This is a greater rate of increase than for any other type of injury death in the United States.2 Though illicitly manufactured fentanyl and synthetic opioids other than methadone (SOOTM) have been the primary driver behind the increase, overdose deaths involving cocaine and other psychostimulants, like methamphetamine,3 have also risen in recent years, particularly in combination with SOOTM. New data suggest that COVID-19 has exacerbated the epidemic,4, 5 and increases in overdose mortality6 have underscored systemic inequities in our nation’s approach to criminal justice and prevention, treatment, and recovery. President Biden has made clear that addressing the overdose and addiction epidemic is an urgent priority for his administration. In March, the President signed into law the American Rescue Plan, which appropriated nearly $4 billion to enable the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration and the Health Resources and Services Administration to expand access to vital behavioral health services. President Biden has also said that people should not be incarcerated for drug use but should be offered treatment instead. The President has also emphasized the need to eradicate racial, gender, and economic inequities that currently exist in the criminal justice system. -
April 9, 2021 Addiction in the News
UC CAR Weekly Newsletter 4.9.2021 Welcome to the weekly newsletter from the Center for Addiction Research! Each newsletter includes highlights from addiction in the news topics, active funding opportunities offered by NIDA/NIAAA, and information about any new publications from CAR members. Please email Jen Rowe ([email protected]) to change your communication preferences. Thank you. Thank you for your interest in the Center for Addiction Research - our mission is to accelerate scientific progress in the prevention and treatment of substance use disorders and their consequences by fostering research collaborations across: 1) UC departments, colleges, and centers including Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center; 2) Local, regional, and state community and governmental partners; and 3) Other academic institutions and industry." April 9, 2021 Addiction in the News UC/ Regional News Opinion: Our society often punishes individuals struggling with addiction The recent settlement announced between the state of Ohio and consulting business McKinsey & Co. for the firm's role in creating and fueling the opioid epidemic is a perfect example of how we unfairly punish Ohioans dealing with substance-use disorder while allowing the engineers of this crisis to escape with just a slap on the wrist. More than 200,000 lives have been lost to the opioid… The Opioid Crisis Was America’s Epidemic Before COVID. Research Suggests that Overdoses Hurt Student Achievement Long before the emergence of COVID-19, the United States was struggling to contain a years-long opioid crisis that took tens of thousands of lives every year. Now, with Oxycontin manufacturer Purdue Pharma still negotiating billion-dollar penalties for its role in the two-decade drug epidemic, experts have begun taking the measure of its impact on student learning. -
SAMHSA Opioid Overdose Prevention TOOLKIT
SAMHSA Opioid Overdose Prevention TOOLKIT Opioid Use Disorder Facts Five Essential Steps for First Responders Information for Prescribers Safety Advice for Patients & Family Members Recovering From Opioid Overdose TABLE OF CONTENTS SAMHSA Opioid Overdose Prevention Toolkit Opioid Use Disorder Facts.................................................................................................................. 1 Scope of the Problem....................................................................................................................... 1 Strategies to Prevent Overdose Deaths.......................................................................................... 2 Resources for Communities............................................................................................................. 4 Five Essential Steps for First Responders ........................................................................................ 5 Step 1: Evaluate for Signs of Opioid Overdose ................................................................................ 5 Step 2: Call 911 for Help .................................................................................................................. 5 Step 3: Administer Naloxone ............................................................................................................ 6 Step 4: Support the Person’s Breathing ........................................................................................... 7 Step 5: Monitor the Person’s Response .......................................................................................... -
Benzimidazole-Opioids June 2021
Drug Enforcement Administration Diversion Control Division Drug & Chemical Evaluation Section Benzimidazole-Opioids June 2021 Introduction: metonitazene, metodesnitazene, and protonitazene involved interaction with β-arrestin-2. Mu-opioid receptor and β-arrestin-2 Recently, several synthetic substances of benzimidazole interaction has been implicated in adverse health effects of many structural class are being trafficked and abused for their opioid- opioid analgesics. It is well established that mu-opioid receptor like effects. In the late 1950s, the pharmaceutical research agonists have a high potential for addiction and can produce dose- laboratories of the Swiss chemical company CIBA dependent respiratory depression and arrest. Abuse of these Aktiengesellschaft synthesized numerous benzimidazole- benzimidazole-opioids has led to their positive identification in opioids to include butonitazene, etodesnitazene, flunitazene, several toxicological cases in the United States. Specifically, metonitazene, metodesnitazene, and protonitazene. Since metonitazene has been identified in twenty post-mortem cases. 2019, the abuse of benzimidazole-opioids as evidenced by their identification in toxicology cases, similar to other synthetic opioids, has resulted in adverse health effects including deaths. User Population: As the United States continues to experience an unprecedented The population likely to abuse benzimidazole-opioids appears to be epidemic of opioid misuse and abuse, the continued evolution the same as those abusing prescription opioid analgesics, heroin, and increased trafficking and popularity of new and deadly and other synthetic opioid substances. This is evidenced by the synthetic opioids including benzimidazole-opioids with no types of other drugs co-identified in isotonitazene seizures and in approved medical use are of public health concern. fatal overdose cases. Toxicology analyses co-identified some of these benzimidazole-opioids with other opioids, stimulants, and Chemistry: benzodiazepines.