Vineyard Wind Connector 2: Analysis to Support Petition Before the Energy Facilities Siting Board
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Vineyard Wind Connector 2: Analysis to Support Petition Before the Energy Facilities Siting Board Docket #EFSB 20-01 Volume I: Text May 28, 2020 Submitted to Prepared by Energy Facilities Siting Board Epsilon Associates, Inc. One South Station 3 Mill & Main Place, Suite 250 Boston, Massachusetts 02114 Maynard, Massachusetts 01754 Submitted by In Association with Vineyard Wind LLC Foley Hoag LLP 700 Pleasant Street, Suite 510 Stantec, Inc. New Bedford, Massachusetts 02740 Gradient Geo SubSea LLC ANALYSIS TO SUPPORT PETITION BEFORE THE ENERGY FACILITIES SITING BOARD DOCKET #EFSB 20-01 Vineyard Wind Connector 2 VOLUME I: TEXT Submitted to: ENERGY FACILITIES SITING BOARD One South Station Boston, MA 02114 Submitted by: VINEYARD WIND LLC 700 Pleasant Street, Suite 510 New Bedford, MA 02740 Prepared by: EPSILON ASSOCIATES, INC. In Association with: 3 Mill & Main Place, Suite 250 Maynard, MA 01754 Foley Hoag LLP Stantec, Inc. Gradient Geo SubSea LLC May 28, 2020 Table of Contents Table of Contents VOLUME I 1.0 PROJECT OVERVIEW AND DESCRIPTION 1-1 1.1 Introduction/Siting Board Jurisdiction 1-2 1.2 Offshore Wind, Background 1-4 1.2.1 Background on Offshore Wind Lease Areas 1-7 1.2.2 Connecticut Energy Legislation (An Act Concerning the Procurement of Energy Derived from Offshore Wind) 1-8 1.2.3 Massachusetts Ocean Management Plan 1-9 1.3 Project Overview 1-10 1.3.1 Offshore Wind Array (Federal Waters, for background) 1-10 1.3.2 Offshore Transmission Cables 1-12 1.3.3 Onshore Export Cables 1-14 1.3.4 Substation 1-16 1.3.4.1 Containment System 1-18 1.3.4.2 Stormwater Management 1-19 1.3.4.3 Lighting 1-20 1.3.5 Expansion of West Barnstable Substation 1-20 1.4 Existing Infrastructure in Routing Area 1-21 1.4.1 Transmission Infrastructure 1-21 1.4.2 Marine Infrastructure 1-22 1.5 Summary of Routing 1-22 1.5.1 Onshore Transmission Routes (Landfall Site to Proposed Substation) 1-22 1.5.1.1 Preferred Route (Shootflying Hill Road) 1-22 1.5.1.1.1 Variant 1 – Covell’s Beach Landfall Site 1-23 1.5.1.1.2 Variant 2 – South Main Street 1-24 1.5.1.1.3 Variant 3 – Northern Substation Access 1-24 1.5.1.2 Noticed Alternative (Oak Street Route) 1-25 1.5.1.2.1 Variant 1 – Covell’s Beach Landfall Site 1-25 1.5.1.2.2 Variant 2 – ROW #345 1-26 1.5.1.3 Intersection of Preferred Route and Noticed Alternative 1-26 1.5.1.4 Centerville River Crossing 1-27 1.5.1.4.1 Bridge Superstructure Replacement 1-28 1.5.1.4.2 Microtunnel 1-29 1.5.1.4.3 Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) 1-30 1.5.1.4.4 Direct Pipe 1-31 1.5.1.4.5 Adjacent Utility Bridge 1-31 5526/Vineyard Wind Connector 2 i Table of Contents EFSB Petition Epsilon Associates, Inc. Table of Contents (Continued) 1.5.2 Onshore Grid Interconnection Routes (Proposed Substation Site to Interconnection Location) 1-32 1.5.2.1 Preferred Route (ROW #343 to ROW #381) 1-32 1.5.2.1.1 Variant 1 – Service Road to ROW #381 1-33 1.5.2.1.2 Variant 2 – ROW #343 to ROW #342 1-34 1.5.2.1.3 Variant 3 – Service Road to ROW #342 1-35 1.5.2.1.4 Route 6 Trenchless Crossing 1-35 1.5.2.2 Noticed Alternative (In-Roadway layout) 1-37 1.5.3 Offshore Routing 1-37 1.6 Project Benefits 1-38 1.6.1 Energy Reliability Benefits 1-40 1.6.2 Economic Benefits 1-41 1.6.3 Environmental Benefits 1-45 1.7 Port Facilities 1-46 1.8 Construction Overview 1-47 1.9 Schedule 1-48 1.10 Agency and Community Outreach 1-49 1.10.1 Agency Meetings and Consultations 1-49 1.10.1.1 Massachusetts Energy Facilities Siting Board Staff 1-51 1.10.1.2 Massachusetts Environmental Policy Act Office 1-51 1.10.1.3 Massachusetts Ocean Team 1-51 1.10.1.4 Massachusetts Department of Transportation 1-52 1.10.1.5 Municipalities and Tribes 1-52 1.10.2 Stakeholder Coordination 1-52 1.10.3 Abutter Outreach 1-56 1.11 Project Team 1-57 1.11.1 Vineyard Wind 1-57 1.11.2 Copenhagen Infrastructure Partners (CIP) and Copenhagen Offshore Partners (COP) 1-58 1.11.3 Avangrid Renewables 1-58 1.11.4 Vineyard Power 1-59 1.11.5 Epsilon Associates, Inc. (Lead Environmental Consultant) 1-59 1.11.6 Foley Hoag LLP, Counsel 1-60 1.11.7 Stantec, Engineering Design support 1-60 1.11.8 Gradient Corporation 1-61 1.11.9 Geo SubSea 1-61 1.12 Conclusion 1-61 5526/Vineyard Wind Connector 2 ii Table of Contents EFSB Petition Epsilon Associates, Inc. Table of Contents (Continued) 2.0 PROJECT NEED 2-1 2.1 Overview of Connecticut Offshore Wind Legislation 2-2 2.2 Need for Vineyard Wind Connector 2 2-3 2.2.1 Inadequacy of the Existing Transmission System 2-3 2.2.2 Likelihood that new or expanded generation source will be available to contribute to regional energy supply 2-4 2.3 Conclusion 2-7 3.0 PROJECT ALTERNATIVES 3-1 3.1 Project Alternatives 3-1 3.1.1 No-Build and Related Alternatives 3-2 3.1.2 Proposed Vineyard Wind Connector 2 3-2 3.1.3 Transmission Alternatives 3-3 3.1.3.1 Cable Technology Alternatives 3-4 3.1.3.2 Interconnection Locations 3-5 3.1.3.3 Generator Lead Line Approach Compared to Shared or Independent Transmission 3-6 3.2 Conclusion 3-12 4.0 ROUTE SELECTION 4-1 4.1 Overview of Route Selection Process 4-1 4.2 Project Study Area 4-2 4.3 Initial Route Concepts 4-3 4.3.1 Route Concepts Eliminated for Excessive Length 4-3 4.3.2 Potential Interconnection Points 4-4 4.3.2.1 Falmouth Substation 4-4 4.3.2.2 Mashpee Substation 4-4 4.3.2.3 Hatchville Substation 4-5 4.3.2.4 Barnstable Switching Station 4-5 4.3.2.5 West Barnstable Substation 4-5 4.3.2.6 Pine Street Substation 4-6 4.3.2.7 Brayton Point 4-6 4.3.2.8 Conclusion/Summary (Interconnection Points) 4-7 4.3.3 Landfall Sites 4-7 4.3.3.1 Covell’s Beach 4-11 4.3.3.2 Craigville Public Beach 4-11 4.3.3.3 East Bay Boat Ramp 4-12 4.3.3.4 McCarthy’s Landing 4-12 4.3.3.5 Centerville River Bridge 4-12 4.3.3.6 Conclusion on Landfall Sites 4-13 5526/Vineyard Wind Connector 2 iii Table of Contents EFSB Petition Epsilon Associates, Inc. Table of Contents (Continued) 4.3.4 Sites for the Proposed Substation 4-13 4.3.4.1 Clay Hill Parcels, off Oak Street 4-13 4.3.4.2 Eversource Parcel, 661 Oak Street 4-14 4.3.4.3 Previously Developed Commercial Property, 8 Shootflying Hill Road 4-14 4.3.4.4 MassDOT Parcel, 15 Shootflying Hill Road 4-14 4.3.4.5 Conclusion 4-15 4.3.5 Onshore Routing 4-15 4.3.5.1 Routes Evaluated and Eliminated 4-16 4.3.5.2 Onshore Transmission Cable Routes Evaluated and Advanced to Scoring 4-17 4.3.5.2.1 T1: Shootflying Hill Road Route from Landfall to Substation Site 4-17 4.3.5.2.2 T2: Oak Street Route from Landfall to Substation Site 4-18 4.3.5.2.3 Conclusion 4-19 4.3.5.3 Potential Grid Interconnection Routes Advanced to Scoring 4-19 4.3.5.3.1 G1: ROW #343 to ROW #381 4-19 4.3.5.3.2 G2: All In-Road 4-20 4.3.5.3.3 Conclusion 4-21 4.4 Analysis of Candidate Routes for the Onshore Export Cables 4-21 4.4.1 Criteria and Weight Assessment 4-21 4.4.2 Criteria Evaluation Methods 4-26 4.4.3 Description of Scoring Criteria 4-27 4.4.3.1 Developed Environment Criteria 4-27 4.4.3.2 Natural Environment Criteria 4-31 4.5 Comparison of Routes and Selection of Preferred Route and Noticed Alternative 4-33 4.5.1 Transmission Routes (Landfall Site to Proposed Substation Site) 4-34 4.5.2 Grid Interconnection Routes (Substation Site to Interconnection Location) 4-38 4.6 Analysis of Offshore Export Cable Corridor 4-41 4.6.1 Marine Surveys to Identify OECC 4-42 4.6.2 Description of OECC 4-47 4.6.3 Environmental Considerations along OECC 4-50 4.6.3.1 Wetlands 4-50 4.6.3.1.1 Cable Installation Tool 4-53 4.6.3.1.2 Anchoring 4-54 4.6.3.1.3 Cable Protection 4-55 4.6.3.1.4 Sand Wave Dredging 4-57 5526/Vineyard Wind Connector 2 iv Table of Contents EFSB Petition Epsilon Associates, Inc. Table of Contents (Continued) 4.6.3.1.5 Compliance with Massachusetts Wetlands Protection Act Regulations 4-58 4.6.3.2 Water Quality and Sediment Dispersion Modeling 4-65 4.6.3.2.1 Sediment Dispersion Modeling 4-66 4.6.3.2.2 Offshore Vessel Refueling and Spill Prevention 4-66 4.6.3.3 Rare Species 4-67 4.6.3.4 SSU Areas 4-67 4.6.3.5 Marine Archaeology 4-68 4.6.3.6 Avian Resources 4-69 4.6.3.7 Fish and Fisheries Resources 4-69 4.6.3.8 Marine Mammals 4-70 4.6.3.9 Conclusion 4-71 4.7 Cost Analysis 4-73 4.8 Reliability Analysis 4-75 4.9 Summary and Conclusion 4-75 5.0 COMPARISON OF ROUTES AND CONSTRUCTION 5-1 5.1 Introduction, Design, Construction Plans 5-1 5.2 Environmental Considerations 5-2 5.2.1 Wetland Resources 5-2 5.2.1.1 Preferred Route (Shootflying Hill Road) 5-2 5.2.1.1.1 Variant 1 – Covell’s Beach Landfall Site 5-5 5.2.1.1.2 Variant 2 – South Main Street 5-5 5.2.1.1.3 Variant 3 – Northern Substation Access 5-6 5.2.1.2 Noticed Alternative Route (Oak Street) 5-6 5.2.1.2.1 Variant 1 – Covell’s Beach Landfall Site 5-6 5.2.1.2.2 Variant 2 – ROW #345 5-7 5.2.1.3 Grid Interconnection Routes (Substation Site to Interconnection Location) 5-7 5.2.1.4 Comparison of Impacts/Mitigation Measures 5-7 5.2.1.5 Compliance with Performance Standards under the Massachusetts Wetlands Protection Act (WPA) 5-9 5.2.1.5.1 Barrier Beach 5-11 5.2.1.5.2 Coastal Dune 5-12 5.2.1.5.3 Coastal Beach 5-14 5.2.1.5.4 Riverfront Area 5-14 5.2.1.5.5 Land Under Water/Bordering Vegetated Wetlands 5-18 5.2.1.6 Interests Protected under Barnstable Wetlands Protection Bylaw 5-19 5.2.1.7 Offshore Comparison with Respect to Wetlands 5-21 5526/Vineyard Wind Connector 2 v Table of Contents EFSB Petition Epsilon Associates, Inc.