Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence Report

Project Number: 50301-003 Loan Number: 3851

November 2020

SRI: Second Integrated Road Investment Program – Tranche 2 Improvement, Rehabilitation and Maintenance of - Pitakotte - Thalawathugoda Road (B368) - Pagoda Pitakotta Road (B345) - Borella Rajagiriya Road (Kota Road) - B062 - Malabe - Kaduwela Road (B263) - Kelaniya Mudungoda Road (B214) from Nagahamula Junction to Belummahara

Prepared by the Road Development Authority, Ministry of Highways for the Asian Development Bank.

This Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence & Socioeconomic Assessment Report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

Ministry of Highways

Road Development Authority

SRI: Second Integrated Road Investment Program

Improvement, Rehabilitation and Maintenance of The Road sections:

1. Pitakotte Thalawathugoda Road (B368) 2. Pagoda Pitakotta Road (B345) 3. Borella Rajagiriya Road (Kota Road) - B062 4. Malabe Kaduwela Road (B263) 5. Kelaniya Mudungoda Road (B214) from Nagahamula Junction to Belummahara Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence & Socioeconomic Assessment Report

Final Report

November 2020

Prepared by SMEC in Association with RDC & MHEC

Submitted to Road Development Authority Ministry of Highways Submitted to

Asian Development Bank Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS

Currency unit- Sri Lanka Rupee (Rs) US

$1.00 = Rs.184

(As of November, 2020)

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

Abbreviations ADB Asian Development Bank AP Affected Person DDR Due Diligence Report DSD Divisional Secretariat Division FGD Focus Group Discussion GN Grama Niladhari GND Grama Niladhari Division GoSL Government of Sri Lanka GRC Grievance Redress Committee GRM Grievance Redress Mechanism IR Involuntary Resettlement iRoad II 2nd Integrated Road Investment Program LAA Land Acquisition Act MFF Multi tranche Financing Facility MOU Memorandum of Understanding NCP North‐ Central Province NGO Non Government Organization NWSDB National Water Supply and Drainage Board PIU Project‐ Implementing Unit PS Pradeshiya Sabha RDA Road Development Authority RF Resettlement Framework SPS, 2009 ADB’s Safeguards Policy Statement, 2009

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Introduction ...... 7 1.1 Background ...... 7

1.2 Description of the project on improvement, Rehabilitation and Maintenance of the 5 candidate roads in Colombo and Gampaha Districts in Western Province ...... 8

2. Involuntary Resettlement and Due Diligence ...... 17 2.1 Methodology used to carry out the due diligence ...... 17

2.1 Summary of field observations and verifications ...... 18

B1. Project affected structures ...... 18

B2. Summary of IR Due diligence for 5 road sections in Western Province ...... 30

B3. Mitigatory measures ...... 31

Other impacts observed and mitigation measures ...... 33

3. Socio-economic Assessment and Gender Participation Report...... 37 A. Methodology used to carry out socio-economic and the due diligence ...... 37

B. A Description of Key Physical and Socio-economic Features of road relevant areas 38

B1. Colombo and Gampaha Districts ...... 38

B2. Road relevant Divisional Secretariats (DSDs) ...... 38

B3. The road types available in Colombo and Gampaha Districts ...... 42

C. Analysis of the Sample Socio-economic Survey ...... 42

C1. Key demographic information of the sample survey ...... 42

C2. Housing condition, sanitary facilities, energy and water sources of sample households ...... 48

C3. Community perception about the project ...... 52

D. Public Consultation ...... 58

4. Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) ...... 62 5. Conclusions and Recommendations ...... 66 6. ANNEXES ...... 67 Annex I - List of major roads connected to proposed project road ...... 67

Annex II Cross sections of existing road ...... 69

Annex III: Involuntary Resettlement & Indigenous People and Voluntary Donation Checklist (Due Diligence Activity) ...... 71 3

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

Annex IV: Observed structures along the candidate roads ...... 73

Annex V One on one interview ...... 100

Annex VI. Details of the FGDs conducted ...... 112

List of Figures

Figure 1-1: The GNDs relevant to proposed Pitakotte Thalawathugoda Road (B368) ...... 8 Figure 1-2: The DSDs relevant to proposed candidate road, Pagoda Pitakotta Road (B345) 9 Figure 1-3: The GNDs relevant to proposed candidate road Borella -Rajagiriya Road (Kota Road) - B062 ...... 9 Figure 1-4: The GNDs relevant to proposed candidate road, Malabe Kaduwela Road (B263) ...... 10 Figure 1-5: The GNDs relevant to proposed candidate Kelaniya Mudungoda Road (B214) 11 Figure 1-6. Main land use features in the road influential area for Pitakotte -Thalawathugoda Road (B368) ...... 13 Figure 1-7. Main land use features in the road influential area for Pagoda -Pitakotta Road (B345) ...... 13 Figure 1-8. Main land use features in the road influential area for Borella -Rajagiriya Road (Kota Road) - B062 ...... 14 Figure 1-9. Main land use features in the road influential area for Malabe- Kaduwela Road (B263) ...... 14 Figure 1-10. Main land use features in the road influential area for Kelaniya Mudungoda Road (B214) from Nagahamulla Junction to Belummahara ...... 15 Figure 1-11: Photos on starting and ending points of the sections of 5 Roads proposed for improvement...... 16 Figure 2-4: Location of 3 structures observed on B365 Road ...... 21 Figure 4-1.The flow chart of the GRM is presented in the succeeding...... 65

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

List of Tables

Table 1-1: Project related administrative divisions ...... 12 Table 2-1: Chronological methods followed to identify roadside structures ...... 17 Table 2-2: Summary of ID Due diligence ...... 31 Table 2-3: A summary of IR due diligence ...... 34 Table 3-1: The number of households surveyed in each project relevant DSD...... 37 Table 3-2.Population of DSDs in project impact area ...... 38 Table 3-3.Population with gender differences ...... 39 Table 3-4.Population in DSD area with age differences ...... 39 Table 3-5.Population in DSDs with ethnic differences ...... 40 Table 3-6.Education level of the people in DSDs ...... 41 Table 3-7.Employement of the people in DSDs ...... 41 Table 3-8.types of roads available in Colombo and Gampaha Districts ...... 42 Table 3-9.Family size of the households surveyed ...... 42 Table 3-10.Age distribution of the population in surveyed households ...... 43 Table 3-11.Percentage ranges show the situation of households interviewed ...... 43 Table 3-12. Major Types of Occupations of household heads ...... 44 Table 3-13: Total Numbers and Percentages of Occupations of Household Heads – DSD Basis ...... 45 Table 3-14: Monthly income of the sample households ...... 46 Table 3-15: Movable Assets in households ...... 47 Table 3-16: Types of housing structures ...... 48 Table 3-17: Sanitary latrine facilities ...... 49 Table 3-18: Sources of electricity in Sample households ...... 49 Table 3-19: sources of drinking water facilities...... 50 Table 3-20: vulnerable families in sample households...... 51 Table 3-21.Female involvement in family matters and community activities ...... 51 Table 3-22.Households willing and unwilling to involve female members in project activities ...... 52 Table 3-23.Type of activities that female members can participate ...... 52 Table 3-24.Community awareness of the propose project ...... 53 Table 3-25.Views of the householders on physical condition of the candidate roads ...... 53 Table 3-26.The views of interviewed householders on impact of women, children and elderly persons ...... 54 Table 3-27.Reasons for difficulties for women, children and elderly persons ...... 55 Table 3-28.Willingness of Community to Participate in the Project ...... 55 5

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

Table 3-29.Type of contribution ...... 56 Table 3-30.Community perceived benefits of the project ...... 57

Annexures

Annex I List of major roads connected to proposed project road Annex II Cross sections of existing road Annex III Involuntary Resettlement impact categorization form Annex IV Observed structures along the candidate roads Annex V One on one interview Annex VI Details of the FGDs conducted

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

1. Introduction

1.1 Background 1. The population of Sri Lanka is about 20 million and it spreads over nine provinces, covering a land area of 65,610 km2. Improvements to the road infrastructure and transport facilities have been identified as one of the priority development needs in the government development strategy (2015 to 2020). According to the information in RDA, Sri Lanka has the highest road density among countries in the South Asian Region. Improvements to National highways (A and B roads) and rehabilitation of provincial roads (C and D roads) have been given significant place in the development agenda of the previous and present governments, and as a result, a significant percentage of road networks have been improved. Improvements to the existing road network, including all categories of roads, is a felt need of the country to facilitate the distribution of economic and social wellbeing of the people in the 9 provinces. The policy makers and planners of the road sector have rightly understood the significance of connectivity impacts of the road network, and therefore, projects and programs are being implemented to improve the roads in all categories, from national to rural. The express ways constructed and proposed to construct will also add significant contribution in promoting the connectivity impacts of the road network improvement.

2. The Government of Sri Lanka (GoSL) has requested financial assistance from the Asian Development Bank (ADB) for the investment program, which is officially called as the 2nd Integrated Road Investment Program (iRoad II). This investment program is in line with the government’s sector objective, which is to “establish a modern transport system that will enable acceleration of economic growth”.

3. The project is being implemented as a Multi Tranche Financial Facility (MFF). Ministry of Highways will be the executing agency while the Road Development Authority (RDA) will be the implementing agency of the project. ‐

4. The project is to be executed in several provinces of the country, including the Western Province (WP).

5. The project mainly focuses on the rehabilitation of existing carriageway with some possible expansion to suit all weather conditions. The improvements will be done within the available Right of Way (ROW) of the candidate roads. Therefore, acquisition of private land and an evacuation of people (Involuntary Resettlement impacts –IR) are not expected. This report is on involuntary resettlement due diligence and socioeconomic assessment for 5 roads in Colombo and Gampaha districts of Western Province. The purpose of this report is to identify involuntary resettlement issues due to implementation of the intended rehabilitation activities of the 5 candidate roads including Pitakotte Thalawathugoda Road (B368), Pagoda Pitakotta Road (B345), Malabe Kaduwela Road (B263), Borella Rajagiriya Road (Kota Road) - B062, Kelaniya Mudungoda Road (B214) from Nagahamula Junction to Balummahara.

6. The report also intends to propose measures to mitigate involuntary resettlement related issues. Finally the report also aims at establishment of base line socio-economic condition of communities in the road catchment including gender related aspects and views of the community members and other stakeholders on the proposed improvement work to the 5

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report candidate road sections. The report contains two (2) sections. Section one deals with involuntary resettlement due diligence while section two discusses the socio-economic aspects of the communities related to the candidate roads. Gender related aspects and views of the community on the project based on consultations were also carried out during the study.

1.2 Description of the project on improvement, Rehabilitation and Maintenance of the 5 candidate roads in Colombo and Gampaha Districts in Western Province

7. The 5 national roads, selected under the integrated road investment program for the improvement and maintenance RMC package, spreads out in 6 Divisional Secretariat Divisions (DSDs) of Colombo and Gampaha Districts in WP are shown below. (Figures I-1, 1-5).

Figure 1-1: The GNDs relevant to proposed Pitakotte Thalawathugoda Road (B368)

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

Figure 1-2: The DSDs relevant to proposed candidate road, Pagoda Pitakotta Road (B345)

Figure 1-3: The GNDs relevant to proposed candidate road Borella -Rajagiriya Road (Kota Road) - B062

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

Figure 1-4: The GNDs relevant to proposed candidate road, Malabe Kaduwela Road (B263)

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

Balummahara Junction

Nagahamulla Junction

Figure 1-5: The GNDs relevant to proposed candidate Kelaniya Mudungoda Road (B214) From Nagahamula Junction to Belummahara

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

8. The 5 roads proposed for improvement are connected to 40 main national roads (A and B) running across the Colombo and Gampaha districts, which are linking a number of other districts of the country. The details of the candidate roads with their connectivity to other national and provincial roads are given in Annex I to this report.

9. The 5 candidate roads run across 6 DSDs and 43 GNDs (As shown in figures 1.1 to 1.5 mentioned above). These areas can be defined as the project influential area. The details of the DSDs and GNDs in the project influential area are shown in Table 1-1.

Table 1-1: Project related administrative divisions

District/s No of relevant GN Name of the Road Names of DSDs to the division project s

Sri Pagoda Pitakotta Road (B345) Jayawardanapura 4 Kotte Sri Jayawardanapura 2 Pitakotte Thalawathugoda Road (B368) Kotte Colombo Maharagama 3 Sri Borella Rajagiriya Road (Kota Road) - B062 Jayawardanapura 4 Kotte

Malabe Kaduwela Road (B263) Kaduwela 5

Gampaha 5 Gampah Kelaniya Mudungoda Road (B214) Mahara 7 a from Nagahamula Junction to Belummahara Biyagama 13

Total 43 Source: Resource profiles of DSDs

10. Land area in the road influential area mainly includes homesteads, infrastructures, including townships, limited perennial and semi-perennial crops, paddy land and marshy lands. The main land use features, observed in the road influential area, are shown in Figure 1-6 to Figure 1-10 11. The scope of the improvement under the programme will be limited to the existing ROW of the road section and will improve the road surface, road furniture and the drainage facilities.

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

Figure 1-6. Main land use features in the road influential area for Pitakotte -Thalawathugoda Road (B368)

Figure 1-7. Main land use features in the road influential area for Pagoda -Pitakotta Road (B345) 13

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

Figure 1-8. Main land use features in the road influential area for Borella -Rajagiriya Road (Kota Road) - B062

Figure 1-9. Main land use features in the road influential area for Malabe- Kaduwela Road (B263)

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

Figure 1-10. Main land use features in the road influential area for Kelaniya Mudungoda Road (B214) from Nagahamulla Junction to Belummahara 12. The iRoad II envisages carrying out limited improvements such as improving road surface, sealing of road edges with properly established road shoulders and improving road drainage in critical sections. The project does not intend to expand the existing width of the roads. The IR impacts will be zero or minimal in this context (existing width of the ROW of Roads range from 14500 – 20200 mm). The Figure 1-11 shows the starting and end points of the sections of the 5 candidate roads proposed for improvement.

Road Starting Point Ending point

Pagoda Pitakotta Road (B345)

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

Road Starting Point Ending point

Pitakotte Thalawathugoda Road (B368)

Borella Rajagiriya Road (Kota Road) - B062

Malabe Kaduwela Road (B263)

Kelaniya Mudungoda Road (B214) from Nagahamula Junction to Belummahara

Figure 1-11: Photos on starting and ending points of the sections of 5 Roads proposed for improvement.

The Annex II indicates the cross section of the road proposed for improvement.

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

Section 1 2. Involuntary Resettlement and Due Diligence

13. In the Introductory section to this report, the details of the roads that have been earmarked for improvement under iRoad II in Colombo and Gampaha Districts in the Western Province have been discussed. As highlighted therein, 5 sections of candidate roads with 35.6 km length have been selected for improvements with some modernization, but the construction activities will be confined to the existing ROWs of the road. Nevertheless, the Socio-economic study team has found that there are some structures, temporary in nature, are erected on some locations adjacent to the road edges, and are used by local persons for their livelihood related activities. As stated in the introduction an involuntary resettlement (IR) due diligence needs to be completed within these road sections to identify any IR impacts that would occur due to proposed road improvement works.

2.1 Methodology used to carry out the due diligence

14. During the field inspection, any road section that was observed to be narrow (such as sections between two parapet walls, two live fences or double cut were measured to confirm the available width. As explained in the IR framework the available corridor for improvement is considered to be the space between fence to fence or road side drain to drain. Hence, any structure between the fence/ drain and the existing road edge was recorded. The road width existing between boundary road side drain to drain was considered as ROW to be improved under the project.

15. The consultants carried out following chronological activities as part of field verification for this due diligence on IR (Table 2-1). The qualitative data was also collected from sample owners of the structures residing close to the roads (45 persons representing 35.6 km length of 5 candidate roads) to document their views (One on one interviews). These 45 persons interviewed under one on one qualitative information collection method are the persons operating business/livelihood related activities in the area near to the road boundary. They carry out their business activities in different types of structures, mostly temporary established. Any of these structures will not be affected due to the implementation of intended improvement activities of the road. Since they have been in the area near to the road boundary for long period of time they were considered for one on one interviews to obtain information on their views on the possible temporary difficulties such as dust, noise etc of the road improvement work on the local communities.

Table 2-1: Chronological methods followed to identify roadside structures Outputs and Type of data Step Activity Time period collected Awareness of the DSs and GNs Visiting of Road relevant DS and 1st July 2020 about the walkthrough survey by 1 GN officers to make them aware – 7rd July 2020 the survey team to identify of the intended activity vulnerable properties (structures) Walk along the road and Basic information of the structures administer a specific identified (name of the owner, questionnaire with identified type of structure, income, a photo 2 July 2020 vulnerable structures to be and his/her voluntary willingness damaged or create negative to shift the structure to another impacts during construction location, if required, etc.) 17

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

Outputs and Type of data Step Activity Time period collected All the information on vulnerable Preparation of the profile of 3 July 2020 structures is discussed in the vulnerable structures report

2.1 Summary of field observations and verifications

B1. Project affected structures 16. The consultants observed large number of structures located in the immediate vicinity of the road edges but, only 17 of them will have temporary negative impacts due to intended road improvement work (3 in B345, 3 in B368, 3 in B062 3 in B263 and 5 in B 214). As mentioned in the methodology section of this chapter, the consultants met all of the owners of these structures and made them aware of the intended work. All the owners are willing to cooperate and ready to shift their temporary structures, if required during the construction phase. Most of these are temporary structures some are fixed to the ground and some are moveable Carts. All of them can be shifted or easily movable. All the structures are located within ROW.

17. Seventeen structures which are close to the existing road edges found in following locations and are discussed on 5 candidate roads separately below in detail.

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

1. Pagoda Pitakotta Road (B345) 18. The business places occupied in the Road (B345) are mainly run by vendors for their routine business activities. Other temporary, permanent or semi-permanent structures found are located little beyond drainage canals and pedestrian walkways of the road reservation. Therefore, they will not be negatively affected during construction phase. They can continue their routine business activities as usual but, there can be some disturbances to the customers and the vendors of the business places due to dust, noise and vibration of the construction activities. The study team found 3 places occupied the road reservation for their business activities. These businessmen use to sell snacks, fruits and other items such as lottery tickets etc and they close their business activities in every day evening. They are also not confined to the places observed by the study team. Two tehey change their business places from time to time. The details of the 3 places occupied for mobile business activities are mentioned below.

GPS Coordinates Distanc Year Busines e from Name of the NIC Telephone LHS / # Address Establishe s the Photo Number RHS N E AP Number d Income road edge

347 Magala 6.88619 79.89775 703711127 75575665 1 Nimal Soisa Road,Nugego RHS 2005 18000 1m 7 4 V da 5

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

GPS Coordinates Distanc Year Busines e from Name of the NIC Telephone LHS / # Address Establishe s the Photo Number RHS N E AP Number d Income road edge

175,Pagoda 79.89178 S.S.Siriwardha 807181911 77771515 2 6.87459 Road,Nugego LHS 2015 60000 1m 1 na V da 0

477 Old 6.88619 79.89775 3 N.F.Siyam Maharagama - - RHS 2017 15000 1m 7 4 Road,Nawinna

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

Figure 2-1: Location of 3 structures observed on B365 Road 21

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

2. Pitakotte Thalawathugoda Road (B368) 19. All the business places occupied in the Road (B368) are mainly run by mobile vendors for their routine business activities. Other temporary, permanent or semi-permanent structures found are located little beyond drainage canals of the road reservation. Therefore, they will not be negatively affected during construction phase. They can continue their routine business activities as usual but, there can be some disturbances to the customers and the vendors of the business places due to dust, noise and vibration of the construction activities. The study team found 3 places occupied the road reservation for their business activities. These businessmen use to sell lottery tickets and other items such as vegetables, coconuts etc and their business activities are confined to certain seasons and also they close their business activities in every day evening. They are also not confined to the places observed by the study team. They change their business places from time to time. The details of the 3 places occupied for mobile business activities are mentioned below. GPS Distance Name of NIC Telephone LHS / Year # Coordinates Address Income from the Photo the AP Number Number RHS Established N E road edge

160/ 6.884 79.908 Thiloka 1 Thalawathugoda 871571901V 778997996 LHS 2018 30000 2m 04 92 Vijerathna Road , Pitakotte

517/1 Bodirama 6.876 79.928 Niluka 1981582100 2 Mawatha , 774200638 RHS 2016 20000 0.5m 3 87 Ranjani 30 Thalawathugoda

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

GPS Distance Name of NIC Telephone LHS / Year # Coordinates Address Income from the Photo the AP Number Number RHS Established N E road edge

394/1 6.879 79.920 S.D.M 3 Thalawathugoda 740240145V 773641183 LHS 2019 30000 2m 15 64 Indika Road,Madiwela

Figure 2-8: Locations of 3 Structures with Temporary construction induced impacts along B368 Road 23

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

20. Borella -Rajagiriya Road (Kota Road) - B062 21. All the business places occupied in the Road (B062) are mainly run by mobile vendors for their routine business activities. Other temporary, permanent or semi-permanent structures found are located little beyond drainage canals and pedestrian walkways of the road reservation. Therefore, they will not be negatively affected during construction phase. They can continue their routine business activities as usual but, there can be some disturbances to the customers and the vendors of the business places due to dust, noise and vibration of the construction activities. The study team found 3 places occupied the road reservation for their business activities. These businessmen use to sell vegetables, fruits and other items such as lottery tickets etc and their business activities are confined to certain seasons and also, they close their business activities in every day evening. They are also not confined to the places observed by the study team. They change their business places from time to time. The details of the 3 places occupied for mobile business activities are mentioned below. Telephon Year Busines Distance GPS Coordinates Name of the NIC LHS / Address e Establishe s from the Photo # AP Number RHS N E Number d Income road edge

6.91421 Jagath 85/3,Punchi 77711354 79.87863 - LHS 1998 20000 1m 1 3 Gallage borella, Borella 3

73,Kotte Road, 6.91066 79.87668 S.K. Thalawathugod - - LHS 2005 15000 1m 2 5 2 Nandawathi a

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

Telephon Year Busines Distance GPS Coordinates Name of the NIC LHS / Address e Establishe s from the Photo # AP Number RHS N E Number d Income road edge

Manel 79.89442 385,Nawala, 791335678 76085077 6.91008 Pushpakuma RHS 2000 20000 1m 3 3 Rajagiriya V 9 ri

Figure 2-9: Locations of 3 Structures with Temporary construction induced impacts along B062 Road

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

4. Malabe Kaduwela Road (B263) 22. All the business places occupied in the Road (B263) are mainly run by mobile vendors for their routine business activities. Other temporary, permanent or semi-permanent structures found are located little beyond drainage canals of the road reservation. Therefore, they will not be negatively affected during construction phase. They can continue their routine business activities as usual but, there can be some disturbances to the customers and the vendors of the business places due to dust, noise and vibration of the construction activities. The study team found 3 places occupied the road reservation for their business activities. These businessmen use to sell fruits and other items such as vegetables, coconuts etc (the fruits mainly include rambutan, mango etc) and their business activities are confined to certain seasons and also they close their business activities in every day evening. They are also not confined to the places observed by the study team. They change their business places from time to time. The details of the 3 places occupied for mobile business activities are mentioned below.

Year # GPS Coordinates Name of NIC Telephone LHS / Distance Address Establi Income from the Photo the AP Number Number RHS N E shed road edge

83, 6.92044 79.9744 M.K. 1 Rathupaswala 742133281V - LHS 2000 15000 1m 7 28 Nilmini , Waliweriya

552/A, 6.93717 79.9865 L.K. 2 Nawagamuwa - - LHS 2018 15000 1m 2 45 Bagawathi , Kaduwela

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

Year # GPS Coordinates Name of NIC Telephone LHS / Distance Address Establi Income from the Photo the AP Number Number RHS N E shed road edge

79.9828 L.K.P. 3 6.92933 Kaduwela - - RHS 2014 15000 1m 58 Sriyantha

Figure 2-10: Locations of 3 Structures with Temporary construction induced impacts along B263 Road

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

5. Kelaniya Mudungoda Road (B214) from Nagahamula Junction to Belummahara 23. All the business places occupied in the Road (B214) are mainly run by mobile vendors for their routine business activities. Other temporary, permanent or semi-permanent structures found are located little beyond drainage canals of the road reservation. Therefore, they will not be negatively affected during construction phase. They can continue their routine business activities as usual but, there can be some disturbances to the customers and the vendors of the business places due to dust, noise and vibration of the construction activities. The study team found 5 places occupied the road reservation for their business activities. These businessmen use to sell fruits and other items such as vegetables, king coconuts etc and their business activities are confined to certain seasons and also they close their business activities in every day evening. They are also not confined to the places observed by the study team. They change their business places from time to time. The details of the 5 places occupied for mobile business activities are mentioned below. GPS Telephon LHS Year Name of NIC Distance # Address e / Establishe Income from the Photo the AP Number N E Number RHS d road edge

58 7'3'26. 80'0'56 A.L. Rathupaswa 75517777 1 RHS 2020 10000 1m 136 .3454 Ranjani la 7 Mudungoda

161.6A R.G. 7'3'8.6 80'1'6. Maharagam 8032123 77838018 1m 2 Cushak RHS 2020 15000 76 18 a 50V 3 Suranga Mudungoda

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

GPS Telephon LHS Year Name of NIC Distance # Address e / Establishe Income from the Photo the AP Number N E Number RHS d road edge

H.K. 30/2 6'58'19 80'0'7. Lakmal Siyabalape 1988234 72435908 3 RHS 1995 20000 1m .698 398 Udayaga Watta 01917 9 ma Delgoda

N.P. 37/4 7'1'35. 80'1'38 Chanpa Biyagama 7280935 78447844 4 RHS 2012 15000 1m 592 .526 Chanda Road 36V 4 n Waliwariya

916 H. 7'2'40. 80'1'3. Heenpathu 7984313 75714896 5 Priyangi RHS 2003 20000 1m 02 714 wa 90V 3 ka Waliwariya

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

Figure 2-11: Locations of 5 Structures with temporary construction induced impacts along B214 Road B2. Summary of IR Due diligence for 5 road sections in Western Province 24. The proposed project will not create Involuntary Resettlement Impacts (IR impacts) such as acquisition of land, evacuation of houses or displacement of people from their livelihoods as all the rehabilitation work under the project is confined to the existing RoW of the road. Nevertheless, the study team found 17 livelihoods, business related structures are located close to the road edges and they may become constraints for attending required project implementation activities in front of such structures. Some of these structures can be shifted to other locations left or right sides along the road. Others are places occupied by mobile vendors for selling routine items such as fruits and vegetables. They are willing to move to other locations of the road reservation for same business during construction period. They can easily do it because they keep their business items for displays on small tables that can be lifted to anywhere they want. During the time taken for this required shifting these informal business persons will be compelled to forgo their business activities and hence income possible during this period can be considered as the impact on livelihood. These impacts and mitigatory measures possible are discussed in detailed in the above section. The summary of this situation is presented below for further understanding (Table 2-2).

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

Table 2-2: Type of impact to temporary structures Number Name of the of GPS Type of Structure impacted Road Business structures Pagoda- 1 6.886197’N 79.897754’ E Moveable Stall

Pitakotta Road 1 6.87459’N 79.891781’E Vegetable Stall with temporary roof (B345) 1 6.886197’ N 79.897754E Moveable Stall

Pitakotte - 1 6.88404’N 79.90892’E Fruit Stall with temporary roof Thalawathugoda 1 6.8763N 79.92887’E Stall ( Lottery) Road (B368) 1 6.82673’ N 79.88521’E Fruit Stall with temporary roof Borella - 1 6.914213’ N 79.87863’ E Moveable Lottery Stall Rajagiriya Road (Kota Road) - 1 6.910665’ N 79.876682’ E Moveable Lottery Stall

B062 1 6.91008’ N 79.894423’ E Stall ( vegetable, fruits etc) Malabe - 1 6.920447’ N 79.974428’ E Food Stall Kaduwela Road 1 6.937172’ N 6.937172’ E Snack Stall (B263) 1 6.92933’ N 79.982858’ E Snack Stall 7'3'26.136 N 80'0'56.3454 Kelaniya - 1 Plant Nursery E Mudungoda 1 7'3'8.676N 80'1'6.18 E Cloth Stall Road (B214) from 1 6'58'19.698N 80'0'7.398 E King Coconut Stall

Nagahamula 1 7'1'35.592N 80'1'38.526 E King Coconut Stall Junction to Belummahara 1 7'2'40.02N 80'1'3.714 E Pineapple Stall

B3. Mitigatory measures 25. The 17 project affected persons mentioned in Table II: 2 agreed to shift their small business structures to provide flexibility to carry out intended road improvement work. Construction schedule in front of their structures will be informed to these 17 persons prior to commencement of construction work. The owners of all 17 affected structures are prepared to undergo suitable mitigatory measures proposed by the implementing agency and the contractor and they prefer to clear the area where they have presently occupied for their businesses to carrying out road improvement related activities. However, every business person is temporary affected by the project for shifting of their structures and it will cause some temporary livelihood impact which are understood and agreed by the occupants. These impacts will not be significant IR impact.

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

B4. Other observations of the survey team

26. The survey team observed several mobile venders involved in informal business activities without structures erected in the road reservation. Some other persons carrying out business in mobile structures are also observed within the ROW but far from the road edges. Their activities will not disturb the contractors to carry out intended road improvement activities. Some of them are not involved in their business on regular basis.

27. The RDA should have methodical and intensive public awareness campaign to inform all these persons involved in some business activities within the road reservation. They all should be provided with information on the construction schedule on timely basis. Some of the following photos taken during survey period depict the correct situation of these vendors who will not have impacts due to proposed iRoad II project in 5 candidate roads.

Borella Rajagiriya Road (Kota Road) - B062

Mrs. L. Dayawathi, displays some selling items Mr. LKM Rathnayake selling king coconut at the (coconuts, vegetables). These can be shifted to road reservation in his mobile stall and and he will LHS or RHS along the road reservation have some temporary impacts during construction.

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

Malabe Kaduwela Road (B263)

Mr. Thushara Pradeep keeps his selling items Ms. Dayawathi sells Pickle on a table in Malabe (Rambutan) on his small lorry along the road side area and he is a seasonal vender

Mrs. Malkanthi sells corns on the road Mr. Samitha keeps his mobile vehicle with reservation in Kaduwela area, and she is taking vegetables in road side. He is a mobile vender all her equipment with her at the end of the day

28. The activities of the people mentioned above will not create disturbances or constraints for proposed road improvement project. The structures they used for livelihood activities are located more than 2 m away from the road edges and therefore, any of the persons will not have negative economic/livelihood impacts.

Other impacts observed and mitigation measures

29. Some temporary negative impacts will be possible within the road sections running across the townships, such as Gampaha, Weliweriya, Malabe, Kaduwela, Pitakotte Thalawathugoda, and Rajagiriya. Even the rest of the sections in the road run across built up areas located adjacent to the boundary of ROW. Therefore, some temporary impacts during

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report construction are expected but these impacts will be confined to construction phase of the project. These temporary impacts are described below:

30. Temporary loss of access/disruption of traffic: Traffic will be a problem on all the road sections running within the townships. The issues related to traffic can be better managed through proper management of construction sites. The access to houses, institutes and businesses will be disturbed. This impact would be significant in town areas. In other areas, temporary disturbances to access can be mitigated through creating alternative access routes. Steel plates can be provided for the businesses and householders to establish temporary path-ways to their premises during the construction phase (please see IR check list in Annex II).

31. Shifting of utility supply lines: There can be disturbances to the drinking water pipe lines, electricity distribution lines and telecommunication/telephone lines during construction phase. These impacts can be mitigated through proper collaboration with utility supply services, such as the National Water Supplies and Drainage Board, Ceylon Electricity Board and Sri Lanka Telecom.

32. Dust, noise and vibration: impacts will be felt by the people living near road sections during construction works. High vibration levels may damage structures close to the road edges. Damages to the business stores if occurred, will lead to economic losses during the period of repairing the damaged structures. These structures are mainly found in the road sections running across town ships. The Civil contracts should include appropriate measures to avoid/ manage the issues of dust, noise. Civil contracts should also include a 3rd party insurance to refurbishment of any damage of property caused by vibration during the constriction. It is also required to carry out a property condition survey within settlement areas close to the candidate roads (mainly within town ships) prior to commencement of the construction activities.

Table 2-3: A summary of IR due diligence IR due diligence Type of Name of the Present condition categorization GPS activity/ies to be Road of the road (whether there is carried out IR impact or not) Limited 1 structure to be 6.886197 rehabilitation and shifted during ’N Not improved and 79.897754 improvement works construction phase- ’ uneven surface E and routine no IR impact maintenance Pagoda Limited 1 structure to be rehabilitation and shifted during 6.87459 Not improved and Pitakotta Road ’N improvement works construction phase- 79.891781’E uneven surface (B345) and routine no IR impact maintenance Limited 1 structure to be rehabilitation and shifted during Not improved and 6.886197’ N improvement works construction phase- 79.897754E uneven surface and routine no IR impact maintenance 6.88404’N Not improved and Limited 1 structure to be 79.90892’E uneven surface rehabilitation and shifted during 34

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

IR due diligence Type of Name of the Present condition categorization GPS activity/ies to be Road of the road (whether there is carried out IR impact or not) improvement works construction phase- and routine no IR impact maintenance Limited 1 structure to be rehabilitation and shifted during Pitakotte 6.8763N Not improved and improvement works construction phase- uneven surface Thalawathugoda 79.92887’E and routine no IR impact Road (B368) maintenance Limited 1 structure to be rehabilitation and shifted during Not improved and 6.82673’ N improvement works construction phase- uneven surface 79.88521’E and routine no IR impact maintenance Limited 1 structure to be rehabilitation and shifted during Not improved and 6.914213’ N improvement works construction phase- uneven surface 79.87863’ E and routine no IR impact maintenance Borella Limited 1 structure to be Rajagiriya Road rehabilitation and shifted during 6.910665’ N Not improved and improvement works construction phase- (Kota Road) - 79.876682’ uneven surface E and routine no IR impact B062 maintenance Limited 1 structure to be rehabilitation and shifted during 6.91008’ N Not improved and improvement works construction phase- 79.894423’ uneven surface E and routine no IR impact maintenance Limited 1 structure to be rehabilitation and shifted during 6.920447’ N Not improved and improvement works construction phase- 79.974428’ uneven surface E and routine no IR impact maintenance Malabe Limited 1 structure to be rehabilitation and shifted during Not improved and Kaduwela Road 6.937172’ N improvement works construction phase- 6.937172’ E uneven surface (B263) and routine no IR impact maintenance Limited 1 structure to be rehabilitation and shifted during 6.92933’ N Not improved and improvement works construction phase- 79.982858’ uneven surface E and routine no IR impact maintenance Limited 1 structure to be Kelaniya rehabilitation and shifted during 7'3'26.136 Not improved and improvement works construction phase- Mudungoda 80'0'56.3454 uneven surface and routine no IR impact Road (B214) maintenance from Limited 1 structure to be rehabilitation and shifted during 7'3'8.676 Not improved and Nagahamula improvement works construction phase- 80'1'6.18 uneven surface Junction to and routine no IR impact maintenance Belummahara 6'58'19.698 Not improved and Limited 1 structure to be 80'0'7.398 uneven surface rehabilitation and shifted during 35

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

Section 2

3. Socio-economic Assessment and Gender Participation Report

A. Methodology used to carry out socio-economic and the due diligence

33. Field verification was carried out covering 35.6 km length of 5 candidate roads, B368, B345, B263, B062 and B214 in Colombo and Gampaha Districts in the Western Province to satisfy the requirement of socio-economic and due diligence. The site visits were carried during the period of June- July 2020. The Google online maps, topographic and land use maps were also used for the field investigations. A household questionnaire survey was conducted from households located through the GNDs which 5 candidate road sections run across. The sample selected for the household survey is 2809 selected from the GNDs relevant to the road corridors (nearly 20% of the households in GNDs through which the road sections run across). These 2809 households were selected using random basis covering the 43 GNDs in the roads’ corridor. Six Focus Group discussions (FGDs) and 45 One on one interviews were conducted to ascertain the public view on the project.

34. The sections of 5 candidate roads (35.6 km) runs through 6 Divisional Secretariat Divisions (DSDs). However, as these roads are B class roads, where development could be observed along the road corridor, sample socioeconomic survey was carried out covering GNDs in road corridor. The names of DSDs through which the candidate roads run across and the number of households surveyed as sample are summarized in Table III-1.

Table 3-1: The number of households surveyed in each project relevant DSD. No of Length Road Name DSD Households (km) surveyed

Pagoda Pitakotta Road ( B345) 1.53 Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte 315

Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte 261 Pitakotte Thalawathugoda Road (B368) 4.1 Maharagama 510

Borella Rajagiriya Road ( Kota Road) - 1.38 Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte 285 B062

Malabe Kaduwela Road (B263) 5.63 Kaduwela 633

Gampaha 145 Kelaniya Mudungoda Road (B214) from 23 Mahara 185 Nagahamula Junction to Belummahara Biyagama 475

Total 35.64 2809 Source: Questionnaire survey July 2020

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

B. A Description of Key Physical and Socio-economic Features of road relevant areas

B1. Colombo and Gampaha Districts

35. Colombo and Gampaha districts are located in Western Province (WP) of the country. The population in WP is 5,821,710 and it is 28.73 % of the total population of the country (population in Sri Lanka is about 21,413,249). Since Colombo and Gampaha District are the road relevant catchments, the information relevant to socio-economic aspects in Colombo and Gampaha District is described in this section. (Census and Statistic 2014/2015

36. According to the data in the Department of Censuses and statistics in 2012, the population in Colombo District was 2,324,349 comprising 1,140,472 (49%) male and 1,183,877 (51%) female. Population in Gampaha District 2,304,833 comprising 1,116,893 (48%) male and 1,187,940 (52%) female. Majority of the population in Colombo and Gampaha District is Sinhalese (84%). Tamil population is 5.77 % and the balance is Muslims and burgher. (Census and Statistic 2014/2015

37. Industries and services are the dominant livelihood activities of the people in Colombo and Gampaha District. Approximately 2.5% employed populations belong to Agriculture, 30.6% and 66.9% belong to industries and service sectors respectively in Colombo District. In Gampaha District 3.2% employed populations belong to Agriculture 38.4% and 58.4% belong to industries and service sectors respectively(Census and Statistic 2014/2015

B2. Road relevant Divisional Secretariats (DSDs)

38. The 5 candidate road sections selected for the improvements run across 6 DSDs in Colombo and Gampaha Districts. The total population in these 6 DSDs is 1,148,423 and it is 25% of the population in Colombo and Gampaha Districts. The highest population is reported from Kaduwela DSD in which Candidate road B263 runs across. The data related to population in road relevant DSDs is shown in Table 3-2.

Table 3-2.Population of DSDs in project impact area DS Division (Name of the Road) No of Families Population

Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte (B345, B368, B062) 32,542 107,925

Maharagama (B368) 56,834 196,423

Kaduwela (B263) 76,738 252,041

Mahara (B214) 58,637 207,782

Gampaha (B214) 56,959 197,667

Biyagama (B214) 53,933 186,585

Total 335,643 1,148,423 Source: Resource profiles of relevant DSDs - 2019

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

39. The female population is little higher than the male population in the country, and some other DSDs and it is same in Colombo and Gampaha Districts as a whole in general. This situation is equally relevant to the 6 DSDs relevant to 5 candidate roads. The population data with gender segregation is shown in Table 3-3.

Table 3-3.Population with gender differences Female Male population population Total DS Division Population No % No % Sri Jayawardhanapura Kotte (B345, 55,933 52% 51,992 48% 107,925 B368, B062) Maharagama (B368) 102,306 52% 94,117 48% 196,423

Kaduwela B263) 128,469 51% 123,572 49% 252,041

Mahara (B214) 106,393 51% 101,389 49% 207,782

Gampaha (B214) 95,570 48% 102,097 52% 197,667

Biyagama (B214) 94,470 51% 92,115 49% 186,585

Total 583,141 51% 565,282 49% 1,148,423 Source: Resource profiles of relevant DSDs - 2019

40. About 26% of the total population in road relevant DSDs is less than 5 years and more than 55 years in their ages. Nearly 22% of the population can be categorized as persons within schooling age (6 to 19). About 52% of the population falls under labor force (19 to 55). Even though the Department of Census and Statistics categorizes the labor force, including the population within age groups of 15 to 55, it is difficult to calculate the percentage of the persons within 15 to 18 of ages due to the limitations of tabulated data available in the resource profiles of project relevant DSDs (table III-4). The average labor force in the country is about 53.8% (Census and Statistic 2014/2015). The population in road relevant DSDs with age differences are shown in Table 3-4.

Table 3-4.Population in DSD area with age differences Age Range Total DS Division 0-5 6-19 19-35 36-55 55< Population No % No % No % No % No %

Sri Ja’pura Kotte 6,034 6 21,483 20 26,207 24 29,743 28 24,458 23 107,925

Maharagama 12,139 6 39,394 20 50,737 26 53,878 27 40,275 21 196,423

Kaduwela 17,855 7 53,344 21 60,489 24 71,380 28 48,973 19 252,041

Mahara 15,708 8 47,966 23 47,500 23 57,741 28 38,867 19 207,782

Gampaha 14,319 7 44,336 22 43,271 22 56,307 28 39,434 20 197,667

Biyagama 14,314 8 42,651 23 48,927 26 50,222 27 30,471 16 186,585

Total 80,369 7 249,174 22 277,131 24 319,271 28 222,478 19 1,148,423 Source: Resource profiles of relevant DSDs – 2019 39

Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

41. About 94% of the population in road relevant 6 DSD area is Sinhalese. Muslim population in DSDs is about 2% and Tamil population is also nearly 2%. The data on ethnic diversity of the population in road relevant 6 DSDs are shown in Table 3-5.

Table 3-5.Population in DSDs with ethnic differences Ethnicity Total DS Division Sinhala Tamil Muslim Other Population # % # % # % # %

Sri Ja’pura Kotte 91,518 85% 8,243 8% 5,529 5% 2,635 2% 107,925

Maharagama 188,054 96% 3,886 2% 1,379 1% 3,104 2% 196,423

Kaduwela 241,070 96% 5,338 2% 2,180 1% 3,453 1% 252,041

Mahara 195,127 94% 2,582 1% 5,471 3% 4,602 2% 207,782

Gampaha 195,379 99% 1,271 1% 230 0% 787 0% 197,667

Biyagama 171,103 92% 2,029 1% 12,172 7% 1,281 1% 186,585 Source: Resource profiles of relevant DSDs – 2019

The data on education levels among population in 6 DSDs indicates significantly higher performance. The percentage of people with no formal education is 2% and it is lower than the national average (4.7% at national level). The percentage of population with university Degrees is 6 % and it is significantly more than national situation (3%). The education level related data on 6 DSDs is shown in Table 3-6

Involuntary resettlement due diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

Table 3-6.Education level of the people in DSDs Non- Graduated Pre- School Secondary G.C.E (O/L) G.C.E (A/L) Total DS Division Educated and above Population # % # % # % # % # % # % Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte 12 13,175 13% 2,278 2% 27,224 27% 21,744 21% 25,671 25% 11,799 101,891 (B345, B368, B062) % Maharagama (B368) 22,520 12% 2,777 2% 52,968 29% 43,459 24% 46,269 25% 16,291 9% 184,284

Kaduwela B263) 32,883 14% 3,975 2% 73,561 31% 56,413 24% 51,068 22% 16,286 7% 234,186

Mahara (B214) 30,554 16% 3,283 2% 75,465 39% 43,274 23% 32,549 17% 6,949 4% 192,074

Gampaha (B214) 26,666 15% 2,404 1% 65,236 36% 43,816 24% 36,370 20% 8,856 5% 183,348

Biyagama (B214) 26,800 16% 3,026 2% 69,453 40% 38,626 22% 28,265 16% 6,101 4% 172,271

Total 152,598 14% 17,743 2% 363,907 34% 247,332 23% 220,192 21% 66,282 6% 1,068,054 Source: Resource profiles of Roads relevant DS Offices (2019) 42. Business and other private and informal sector are the main livelihood activities of the population in road relevant 6 DSDs and also in Colombo and Gampaha Districts as whole. The data on persons involved in various informal sectors categorized as other in the data bases shows that nearly 50% of the people within employable ages in 6 DSDs are involved in income generation activities of such sectors. The percentage of people involved in public sector employments is 24% to 37% and this is above the national situation (15%). The private sector employments in DSDs range from 27% to 56%. This is nearly 40% in the country as a whole. The data on employments of the people in 6 DSDs is shown in Table 3-7 Table 3-7.Employement of the people in DSDs Self- Government Private Labor Business Abroad Other DSD Employment Total No % No % No % No % No % No % No % Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte 22,578 28% 44,732 56% 1,484 2% 5,194 6% 5,512 7% 742 1% 212 0% 80,454 Maharagama 44,520 31% 73,140 50% 2,544 2% 17,172 12% 3,180 2% 4,452 3% - 0% 145,008 Kaduwela 66,654 37% 84,042 46% 966 1% 17,066 9% 8,694 5% 3,542 2% - 0% 180,964 Mahara 50,244 35% 38,868 27% 6,636 5% 25,596 18% 18,960 13% 2,844 2% 948 1% 144,096 Gampaha 33,945 24% 56,940 41% 3,285 2% 21,900 16% 15,330 11% 3,285 2% 4,380 3% 139,065 Biyagama 46,190 36% 46,810 36% 4,650 4% 13,020 10% 16,430 13% 1,550 1% 930 1% 129,580 Source: Resource profiles of Roads relevant DS Offices (2019) 41

Involuntary resettlement due diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

B3. The road types available in Colombo and Gampaha Districts

43. The proposed 5 candidate roads are connected to road network in Colombo and Gampaha Districts. The road network is a critical input for the economic development and distribution of economic benefits to the people in the area. The Table 3-8 includes the details of different classes of roads as network available in these projects relevant 2 Districts.

Table 3-8.Types of roads available in Colombo and Gampaha Districts Road Length (km) District Total(km) A Class B Class C Class Colombo 133.3 296.7 396 826

Gampaha 129.6 609.2 880 826.8

C. Analysis of the Sample Socio-economic Survey

44. Key findings of the sample household survey are presented below. The results are discussed under sub topics on key demographic features, housing condition, sanitary and energy, vulnerable groups and gender and perception of community on the project. However, it should be noted that some questions had multiple responses. The tables with such information are separately highlighted.

C1. Key demographic information of the sample survey

Distribution of households by family size and age

45. Family size: The distribution of family size in each DSD of Colombo and Gampaha Districts relevant to 5 candidate roads is presented in table III-9. About 26% of the families in DSDs have more than 5 members in their families. The highest family size reported from DSD area range 3 to 4 members and it is 53%. The data on family size in road relevant DSD is presented in Table 3-9. Table 3-9.Family size of the households surveyed More than 05 1-2 members 3-4 members members DSD Total No % No % No %

Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte 154 18% 508 59% 199 23% 861 (B345, B368, B062)

Maharagama (B368) 95 19% 281 55% 134 26% 510

Kaduwela B263) 133 21% 337 53% 163 26% 633

Mahara (B214) 43 23% 86 46% 56 30% 185

Gampaha (B214) 35 24% 68 47% 42 29% 145

Biyagama (B214) 116 24% 217 46% 142 30% 475

Total 576 21% 1,497 53% 736 26% 2,809 42

Involuntary resettlement due diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

Source-Sample survey conducted in 2020

46. Age distribution: Nearly 67% of population in sample population falls within the age limit of 15 to 59 years, which is the economically active population of a country. The dependent population (population between 0 14 years and above 60 years) within the project area is about 33% (16% of population with age 0-14 and 17% with more than 60). ‐ 47. This could be taken as a positive factor in the project as there may be people willing to work in civil works. The wage they earn will also be saving for the households. The Table 3- 10 includes the age distribution of the sample household population.

Table 3-10.Age distribution of the population in surveyed households Age Group

DSD Total 0-14 15-59 Above 60

No % No % No %

Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte 3,175 458 14% 2,164 68% 553 17% (B345, B368, B062)

Maharagama (B368) 1,899 308 16% 1,284 68% 307 16%

Kaduwela B263) 2,265 378 17% 1,539 68% 348 15%

Mahara (B214) 686 110 16% 447 65% 129 19%

Gampaha (B214) 540 90 17% 345 64% 105 19%

Biyagama (B214) 1,755 281 16% 1,137 65% 337 19%

Total 10,320 1,625 16% 6,916 67% 1,779 17% Source-Sample survey conducted in 2020 Educational attainment 48. The level of education in a region is important for the development of that area. Sri Lanka has recorded a higher literacy rate compared to many countries in the region. Table 3- 11 below presents the level of educational attainment of sample population. Data collected show little higher level of performance of male in GCE (A/L) and above. However, in general more or less equal level of performance of education is reported from both Male and Female population. The following information indicates the educational situation of sample population and the difference between male and female. The information on percentage ranges show the situation of households interviewed from 6 DSDs.

Table 3-11.Percentage ranges show the situation of households interviewed

Male Female Level of Education attainment Total % No % No %

01. Less than 5 years of age 548 5.3% 299 2.9% 249 2.4%

02. Never went to school 103 1.0% 48 0.5% 55 0.5% 43

Involuntary resettlement due diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

Male Female Level of Education attainment Total % No % No %

03. Up to Grade 1 - 5 499 4.8% 234 2.3% 265 2.6%

04. Up to Grade 5 - 10 1,040 10% 553 5.4% 487 4.7%

05. Up to GCE O/L 1,179 11% 575 5.6% 604 5.9%

06. Pass GCE O/L 1,588 15% 803 7.8% 785 7.6%

07. Up to GCE A/L 1,567 15% 811 7.9% 756 7.3%

08. Pass GCE A/L 2,761 27% 1,433 14% 1,328 13%

09. Graduate 996 10% 559 5.4% 437 4.2%

10. Postgraduate 39 0.4% 28 0.3% 11 0.1%

Total 10,320 100% 5,343 52% 4,977 48% Source-Sample survey conducted in 2020 Occupations of household heads 49. Most of the household heads are involved in private sector employment activities. The percentage (ranges) of the households involved in different employments in 6 DSDs are shown below for summarized description of the employment profiles of the household heads in sample households interviewed.

Table 3-12. Major Types of Occupations of household heads Employment Occupation of HHs Percentage of HHs

01. Private Sector 1,157 41%

02. Public Sector 452 16%

03. Pension 341 12%

04. Trained Workers 43 1.5%

05. Unskilled Workers 7 0.2%

06. Business 245 8.7%

07. Self-Employment 176 6.3%

08. Farmer 4 0.1%

09. Animal Husbandry 6 0.2%

10. Foreign Employment 43 1.5%

11. Dependent 335 12% Source-Sample survey conducted in 2020

Involuntary resettlement due diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

50. The further details on percentages of Household heads involved in different specific employments are shown in Table 3-13.

Table 3-13: Total Numbers and Percentages of Occupations of Household Heads – DSD Basis DSD Head HH Sri Ja’ Maharagama Kaduwela Mahara Gampaha Biyagama Income Source pura Kotte # % # % # % # % # % # %

01. Private Sector 422 49% 230 45% 261 41% 41 22% 52 36% 151 32%

02. Public Sector 128 15% 97 19% 123 19% 24 13% 15 10% 65 14%

03. Pension 85 10% 43 8.4% 84 13% 29 16% 16 11% 84 18%

04. Trained 14 1.6% 7 1.4% 3 0.5% 6 3.2% 1 0.7% 12 2.5% Workers

05. Unskilled - 0% 1 0.2% - 0% 1 0.5% 2 1.4% 3 0.6% Workers

06. Business 49 5.7% 54 11% 53 8.4% 27 15% 20 14% 42 8.8%

07. Self- 52 6.0% 10 2.0% 27 4.3% 20 11% 14 10% 53 11% Employment

08. Farmer 2 0.2% - 0% - 0% - 0% 1 0.7% 1 0.2%

09. Animal - 0% - 0% - 0% 1 0.5% 3 2.1% 2 0.4% Husbandry

10. Foreign 7 0.8% 14 2.7% 11 1.7% 3 1.6% 3 2.1% 5 1.1% Employment

11. Dependent 102 12% 54 11% 71 11% 33 18% 18 12% 57 12%

Total 861 100% 510 100% 633 100% 185 100% 145 100% 475 100% Source-Sample survey conducted in 2020

Average household income 51. About 52.3% of the households interviewed draw monthly income Rs. 15,000 to Rs.50,000. The percentage of households drawing more than Rs 100,000 monthly income is 15.9 % of the total households interviewed. About 4% of the households are reported as households drawing a monthly income less than Rs 5,000. Some of the households of the sample (about 119) that are earning less than Rs 5000 monthly income may have monthly expenditure as Rs 5000 or little more. It can be realistically assuming that figures they mention as income may be under reported while the level of expenditure are over reported. These households may have irregular income generation activities. The Table 3-14 includes the data on monthly income and average expenditure of the households interviewed.

Involuntary resettlement due diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

Table 3-14: Monthly income of the sample households

Monthly Income Monthly Expenditure Category No % No %

Less than 5,000 119 4.2% 84 3.0%

5,001 - 14,999 68 2.4% 112 4.0%

15,000 - 49,999 1,469 52.3% 1,798 64.0%

50,000 - 74,999 431 15.3% 436 15.5%

75,000 - 100,000 276 9.8% 171 6.1%

More than 100,000 446 15.9% 208 7.4%

Total 2,809 100% 2,809 100% Source-Sample survey conducted in 2020

Movable household assets

Radio, TV and mobile phones are the commonly available movable household assets in considerable percentage of households. About 97% of the households of the total interviewed have TV and 72% have Radios. The data on types of household assets and the percentage of households is shown in Table 3-15

Involuntary resettlement due diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

Table 3-15: Movable Assets in households DSD Sri Total Jayawardhanapura Maharagama Kaduwela Mahara Gampaha Biyagama Type of Asset Kotte # % # % # % # % # % # % # %

Television 833 97% 496 97% 618 98% 181 98% 143 99% 454 96% 2,725 97%

Radio/ CD Player 564 66% 352 69% 478 76% 146 79% 119 82% 356 75% 2,015 72%

Sewing Machine 155 18% 82 16% 96 15% 60 32% 39 27% 143 30% 575 20%

Electric Fan 754 88% 447 88% 513 81% 168 91% 132 91% 392 83% 2,406 86%

Fridge 750 87% 408 80% 507 80% 150 81% 123 85% 365 77% 2,303 82%

Gas stove 671 78% 391 77% 465 73% 128 69% 113 78% 319 67% 2,087 74%

Kerosene Stove 28 3% 21 4% 26 4% 6 3% 12 8% 30 6% 123 4.4%

Air Conditioner 129 15% 96 19% 59 9% 9 5% 13 9% 60 13% 366 13%

Motor Cycle 172 20% 134 26% 247 39% 44 24% 53 37% 152 32% 802 29%

Bicycle 17 2% 11 2% 42 7% 13 7% 7 5% 30 6% 120 4.3%

Three-wheeler 97 11% 77 15% 69 11% 21 11% 32 22% 89 19% 385 14%

Motor Car/ Cab 240 28% 177 35% 219 35% 29 16% 25 17% 100 21% 790 28%

Motor Bus/ Van 15 2% 15 3% 9 1% 11 6% 5 3% 29 6% 84 3.0%

Water Pump 4 0% 25 5% 32 5% 67 36% 46 32% 139 29% 313 11%

Washing Machine 180 21% 153 30% 210 33% 53 29% 62 43% 191 40% 849 30%

Lorry - 0% - 0% - 0% 2 1% 1 1% 5 1% 8 0.3% Source-Sample survey conducted in 2020 47

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C2. Housing condition, sanitary facilities, energy and water sources of sample households

Housing condition 52. Little more than 89% of the residential housing structures of the sample households interviewed are permanent structures. The percentage of households having temporary structures is lower (8%). The households interviewed in the immediate vicinity of the road in general are business community. Even the households’ located interior areas have regular income from regular sources. The data on types of housing structures is shown in Table 3-16.

Table 3-16: Types of housing structures

House Condition

Semi- DSD Permanent Temporary Total Permanent

No % No % No %

Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte 784 91% 30 3.5% 47 5.5% 861 (B345, B368, B062)

Maharagama (B368) 461 90% 17 3.3% 32 6.3% 510

Kaduwela B263) 539 85% 35 5.5% 59 9.3% 633

Mahara (B214) 167 90% 1 0.5% 17 9.2% 185

Gampaha (B214) 136 94% - 0% 9 6.2% 145

Biyagama (B214) 425 89% 4 0.8% 46 9.7% 475

Total 2,512 89% 87 3% 210 8% 2,809

Source-Sample survey conducted in 2020

Sanitary facilities

53. All the households interviewed have access to sanitary latrine facilities. Almost all the households in all the project relevant DS divisions have water sealed latrines in their households (water sealed latrines include flush type latrines as well). According to the interviews with community members during the socio-economic survey it was found that establishment of water sealed latrine is considered as an essential need of the households. The data on sanitary latrine facilities available in sample households is shown in Table 3-17.

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Table 3-17: Sanitary latrine facilities Sanitary Condition

DSD Flush Water Sealed Pit Latrine None Total

No % No % No % No % Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte (B345, B368, 667 77% 193 22% 1 0.1% - 0% 861 B062) Maharagama (B368) 467 92% 41 8.0% 2 0.% - 0% 510

Kaduwela B263) 550 87% 82 13% 1 0.% - 0% 633

Mahara (B214) 160 87% 24 13% 1 0 % - 0% 185

Gampaha (B214) 118 81% 27 19% - 0% - 0% 145

Biyagama (B214) 383 81% 91 19% 1 0% - 0% 475

Total 2,345 458 6 - 2,809 Source-Sample survey conducted in 2020

Availability of electricity

54. All the households have obtained electricity from the national grid. The information on sources of electricity of the sample households is shown in Table 3-18.

Table 3-18: Sources of electricity in Sample households Source Electricity Solar power and DSD National grid No Electricity Total other sources No % No % No %

Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte 860 99.9% 1 0.1% - 0% 861 (B345, B368, B062)

Maharagama (B368) 510 100% - 0% - 0% 510

Kaduwela B263) 633 100% - 0% - 0% 633

Mahara (B214) 185 100% - 0% - 0% 185

Gampaha (B214) 145 100% - 0% - 0% 145

Biyagama (B214) 475 100% - 0% - 0% 475

Total 2,808 1 - 2,809 Source-Sample survey conducted in 2020

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Sources of drinking water 55. About 89% of sample households in road relevant DSD areas have access to pipe born water provided by the National Water Supplies and Drainage Board (NWS&DB). Use of Tube wells and Shallow wells are sources for drinking water in some households (11%). The data on sources of drinking water is shown in Table 3-19.

Table 3-19: sources of drinking water facilities. Water source

DSD NWS&DB Well/Tube well Community Well Total

No % No % No %

Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte 849 99% 12 1.4% - 0% 861 (B345, B368, B062)

Maharagama (B368) 478 94% 32 6.3% - 0% 510

Kaduwela B263) 606 96% 25 3.9% 2 0.3% 633

Mahara (B214) 113 61% 70 38% 2 1.1% 185

Gampaha (B214) 109 75% 36 25% - 0% 145

Biyagama (B214) 350 74% 122 26% 3 0.6% 475

Total 2,505 89% 297 11% 7 0% 2,809 Source-Sample survey conducted in 2020 Analysis of vulnerable households and gender related details 56. Three indicators are used to categorize socially and economically vulnerable households in 6 DSDs. The majority of the households are categorized as vulnerable due to their household heads having more than 60 years of age. The percentage of households with old age heads range from 21% to 36 % among 6 DSDs. The families drawing less than Rs. 5000 monthly incomes are categorized as vulnerable families. The percentage of families having less than Rs.5000 monthly income indicated very low figures (3% to 5%). Percentage of households headed by female is also significant among sample surveyed (ranges from 12 to 22%). Even though the percentage of households categorized as vulnerable using different indicators is little less than 50% of the sample HHs surveyed majority of them may not be economically vulnerable. It cannot be categorically mentioned that families with elderly members with age over 60 are vulnerable. These families may have good income sources and they can feed their dependents. Some of the female headed households may have good income sources. They may be socially vulnerable but, not economically critical. It is same with HHs with differently able members; some of such HHs also may not be economically vulnerable even though they have some issues due to differently able members. In average only about 4% of total sample HHs are reported as vulnerable due to low income. The details of the vulnerable families reported in the sample are included in Table 3-20.

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Table 3-20: vulnerable families in sample households. DSD Sri Type of Ja pura Maharagama Kaduwela Mahara Gampaha Biyagama Total vulnerability ’ Kotte No % No % No % No % No % No % Family with elderly household 255 30% 109 21% 158 25% 66 36% 42 29% 148 31% 778 head (age > 60 years) Family with monthly income < 38 4.4% 17 3.3% 28 4.4% 6 3.2% 8 5.5% 22 4.6% 119 SLR 5,000 Female headed 118 14% 76 15% 94 15% 40 22% 18 12% 82 17% 428 families Families with disabled 19 2.2% 11 2.2% 11 1.7% 3 1.6% 5 3.4% 14 2.9% 63 members Source-Sample survey conducted in 2020 Contribution of female members in family matters and community organizations

57. The women in households interviewed play significant role in some of the significant matters in the family. Ppercentage of women always participate in household decision-making process is about 44%. About 37% of the householders mentioned that their female members contribute always as bread earners of their families. About 15% of the householders indicated that their female members always participate in community base organization activities representing their households. Some female members also involve in organizing community programs in their localities (15% mentioned always ). The details of the participation of women in activities within and outside of households on behalf of their families are mentioned in Table 3-21.

Table 3-21.Female involvement in family matters and community activities If Do not Type of Involvement Always Sometime Rarely requested Participate Decision making in Family matters 1,247 1,361 135 33 33

Bread earner 1,048 790 129 84 758

Participate in CBO activities 418 936 387 792 276

Organize community programs 421 905 312 760 411

Note- Some of the sample householders did not respond to some questions of the questionnaire Source-Sample survey conducted in 2020

58. The opportunity for the female members getting involved in the project was also analyzed as a gender perspective for the project. The number and percentage of households indicated their willingness and unwillingness to get involved in the proposed project activities were analyzed. Only small percentage of households is willing to involve their female members in the project activities (7%). This is mainly because most of the females in households of the project area are heavily involved in domestic and other livelihood activities of the households. The information on willingness to get female involved in project activities is included in Table 3-22.

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Table 3-22.Households willing and unwilling to involve female members in project activities Engage Female DSD Agreed Do not Total to % agreed to % involved involved Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte (B345, 25 2.9% 836 97% 861 B368, B062) Maharagama (B368) 19 3.7% 491 96% 510

Kaduwela B263) 33 5.2% 600 95% 633

Mahara (B214) 22 12% 163 88% 185

Gampaha (B214) 18 12% 127 88% 145

Biyagama (B214) 90 19% 385 81% 475

Total 207 7% 2,602 93% 2,809 Source-Sample survey conducted in 2020 Type of involvement of female family members in the project 59. As mentioned above only small percentage (negligible percentage) of sample households expressed their willingness to get female members participate in project activities. The percentage of householders expressed their views on the type of activities that female members can participate during the project implementation. The information on this aspect is shown in Table 3-23.

Table 3-23.Type of activities that female members can participate DSD- Number of households responded Type of Sri involvement Jayawardhanapura Maharagama Kaduwela Mahara Gampaha Biyagama Total Kotte Provide wage labors for 3 - - 5 5 13 26 during construction/1 Provide wage labor for 1 - - 3 3 11 18 maintenance of road/2 Provide meals to work force 5 11 4 24 17 83 144 as a small business

Total 9 11 4 32 25 107 188

Source-Sample survey conducted in 2020 Note-There were people who gave multiple answers and some refused to answer

C3. Community perception about the project

Community awareness about the project

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60. Small percentage of householders was responded to this question, awareness of the proposed project. It was observed that most of the community leaders and grass root level officers, especially in GNDs and DSDs, are aware of the iRoad II project but they are not fully aware of the proposals to improve these 5 particular roads under iRoad II program. This may be the reasons for majority of the householders to be neutral to this question. The responses given by the householders interviewed are mentioned in Table 3-24. Table 3-24.Community awareness of the propose project

Know Project

DSD Know about the Do not know about Total project the project # % # % Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte (B345, 4 0.5% 857 100% 861 B368, B062) Maharagama (B368) 6 1.2% 504 99% 510

Kaduwela B263) 9 1.4% 624 99% 633

Mahara (B214) 14 7.6% 171 92% 185

Gampaha (B214) 14 10% 131 90% 145

Biyagama (B214) 91 19% 384 81% 475

Total 138 5% 2,671 95% 2,809 Source-Sample survey conducted in 2020 Condition of the existing road to be rehabilitated by the project 61. Only negligible percentage of householders mentioned about difficulty in travelling on these 5 candidate roads (0%). The roads are physically bad for about 40% of the householders. Nearly 59% of the householders mentioned that 5 road sections are good or fair in their present physical condition.

62. About 40% of households are unsatisfied with the existing condition of the roads. The views expressed by the sample householders interviewed on the physical condition of the roads are mentioned in Table 3-25. Table 3-25.Views of the householders on physical condition of the candidate roads Condition of the existing road surface Very difficult in DSD Good Fair Bad Very bad Total rainy season # % # % # % # % # % Sri Ja pura Kotte ’ 319 37 227 26 310 36 5 0.6 - 0 861 (B345, B368, B062) Maharagama 108 21 177 35 224 44 1 0.2 - 0 510 (B368) Kaduwela (B263) 170 27 189 30 269 42 2 0.3 3 0.5 633

Mahara (B214) 17 9.2 90 49 73 39 5 2.7 - 0 185

Gampaha (B214) 19 13 75 52 45 31 6 4.1 - 0 145

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Condition of the existing road surface Very difficult in DSD Good Fair Bad Very bad Total rainy season # % # % # % # % # % Biyagama (B214) 57 12 190 40 208 44 20 4.2 - 0 475

Total 690 25% 948 34% 1,129 40% 39 1% 3 0% 2,809 Source-Sample survey conducted in 2020 Impact of existing road condition on day-to-day activities of women, children and elderly persons 63. According to the focus group discussions held in road areas, some of the day today activities of residents are affected due to the existing traffic conditions of these 5 roads. About 35% of the respondents mentioned about negative impacts on women, children and elderly persons due to the poor road condition according the results of the questionnaire survey. The details of the responses of the householders interviewed are shown in Table 3-26. Table 3-26.The views of interviewed householders on impact of women, children and elderly persons Safe Road Women, Children end elders

Do not affect the DSD Affect the activities Total activities

No % No % Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte (B345, 404 47% 457 53% 861 B368, B062) Maharagama (B368) 164 32% 346 68% 510

Kaduwela B263) 241 38% 392 62% 633

Mahara (B214) 46 25% 139 75% 185

Gampaha (B214) 32 22% 113 78% 145

Biyagama (B214) 110 23% 365 77% 475

Total 997 35% 1,812 65% 2,809 Source-Sample survey conducted in 2020 Reasons for such impacts 64. Damaged road condition (23%) and poor drainage (36%) are the main reasons for creating difficulties for women, children and elderly persons .The responses of the householders on reasons for difficulties on these community groups are mentioned in Table 3-27.

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Table 3-27.Reasons for difficulties for women, children and elderly persons DSD Sri Reason Jayawardhanapura Maharagama Kaduwela Mahara Gampaha Biyagama Total Kotte No % No % No % No % No % No % Damaged road 83 10 85 16.7 86 13.6 95 51.4 74 51.0 249 52.4 672 condition Shrub jungle grown on 38 4.4 14 2.7 18 2.8 19 10.3 18 12.4 45 9.5 152 both sides of the road Road side drains not 300 35 206 40.4 279 44.1 46 24.9 51 35.2 133 28.0 1,015 maintained Wing walls of culverts and bridges 65 7.5 8 1.6 20 3.2 28 15.1 34 23.4 136 28.6 291 are damaged Road get 86 10 16 3.1 1 0.2 22 11.9 33 22.8 134 28.2 292 inundated Source-Sample survey conducted in 2020 Note: - Some HHs have given multiple answers

Willingness of community to participate in the project

65. Negligible percentage (5%) of householders expressed their interest to participate in activities of the project during its implementation phase. The distribution of the views expressed by householders in 6 DSDs is shown in Table 3-28.

Table 3-28.Willingness of Community to Participate in the Project Community participation in projects Do not DSD Willing to Total % want to % participate participate Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte (B345, 28 3.3% 833 97% 861 B368, B062) Maharagama (B368) 22 4.3% 488 96% 510

Kaduwela B263) 15 2.4% 618 98% 633

Mahara (B214) 15 8.1% 170 92% 185

Gampaha (B214) 12 8.3% 133 92% 145

Biyagama (B214) 53 11% 422 89% 475

Total 145 5% 2,664 95% 2,809

Source-Sample survey conducted in 2020

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Type of contribution for the project 66. Out of the 145 no of respondents who are willing to participate in the project, majority of the community members expressed their willingness to participate in labor work in the construction sites (27% of the respondents to this question). The other areas communities expressed their interest to participate include community awareness programs (31% of the respondents to this question). Iinformal monitoring of the quality of construction activities (21%) and also some possible activities during maintenance phase of the road (21%) are some other areas of work community members like to participate. The views expressed by the householders on type of contribution are mentioned in Table 3-29.

Table 3-29.Type of contribution Type of Contribution Other Community Involve in Involved in DSD awareness progress (Labor Total maintenance creation monitoring works, Driving etc.) No % No % No % No % Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte (B345, B368, 14 30% 12 26% 14 30% 6 13% 46 B062) Maharagama (B368) 2 11% 3 17% 3 17% 10 56% 18

Kaduwela B263) 4 67% - 0% 2 33% - 0% 6

Mahara (B214) 9 41% 3 14% 3 14% 7 32% 22

Gampaha (B214) 6 30% 4 20% 3 15% 7 35% 20

Biyagama (B214) 23 32% 17 24% 14 20% 17 24% 71

Total 58 31% 39 21% 39 21% 47 27% 183 Source-Sample survey conducted in 2020 Community perceived benefits of the project 67. The entire 5 candidate roads run across heavily built up areas in 6 DSDs. Therefore, about 60% of respondents mentioned about road safety for children and women due to the proposed improvement to the road. Some other community members mentioned about opportunities available for them to get involved in labor related employments in the construction sites and also increased easy access to places where job opportunities are available. The possible benefits perceived by the community members from the proposed road improvement project are given in Table 3-30

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Table 3-30.Community perceived benefits of the project DSD Sri Ja pura ’ Maharagama Kaduwela Mahara Gampaha Biyagama Perceived benefits Kotte Total % No % No % No % No % No % No % Develop Agricultural 349 41% 302 59% 340 54% 32 17% 30 21% 86 16% 1,139 41% sector Develop education 599 70% 285 56% 312 49% 82 44% 51 35% 151 27% 1,480 53% facilities Develop health and 590 69% 315 62% 390 62% 91 49% 66 46% 211 38% 1,663 59% sanitary facilities Increase job opportunities 540 63% 309 61% 321 51% 62 34% 43 30% 151 27% 1,426 51% for villages Road safety for women, 567 66% 301 59% 352 56% 109 59% 75 52% 289 53% 1,693 60% elders and children Develop public /private 556 65% 294 58% 303 48% 91 49% 45 31% 170 31% 1,459 52% transport Easy travel even at night 554 64% 299 59% 315 50% 93 50% 70 48% 269 49% 1,600 57% time Develop industrial sector 503 58% 269 53% 268 42% 62 34% 49 34% 138 25% 1,289 46% in the rural area Reduce the travel cost 492 57% 282 55% 354 56% 95 51% 76 52% 282 51% 1,581 56% and time

Increase cultural values 327 38% 222 44% 233 37% 28 15% 24 17% 47 8.5% 881 31% Develop communication with villagers and 193 22% 150 29% 163 26% 28 15% 24 17% 43 7.8% 601 21% government institutes Others (easy to travel) 3 0.3% 2 0.4% 2 0.3% 3 1.6% - 0% 3 0.5% 13 0%

Total 5,273 3,030 3,353 776 553 1,840 14,825 Source-Sample survey conducted in 2020 Note: - The table above includes multiple responses of the HHs 57

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D. Public Consultation

68. The consultants used several methods to make the stakeholders, especially the public, to be aware of the proposed iRoad II improvement project. Focus Group discussions were conducted with the exclusive purpose of stakeholder consultation and other methods, such as questionnaire surveys and one on one interviews, were employed for dual purposes, pubic consultation and collecting socio-economic data.

One on one Interview 69. The consultants held one on one interviews with large number of road users in the local area (45 persons). These 45 persons are mostly vendors residing close to the road. The FGDs held with officers mainly GNs in 6 DSDs provide supplementary information representing the views of the grass root level agency personnel in the project corridor. Further several questions were posed on 2809 sample HHs surveyed from the road corridor covering larger area of the road catchment. They also expressed their views on the proposed road improvement project and their views on the impacts and willingness to participate in road improvement activities. Therefore, the consultants were able to develop representative picture of the stakeholder views through multi-level methods applied. Most of these informants responded in one on one interviews are the persons encroached road reservation for establishment of structures to carry out small business activities for their livelihood needs. The views expressed by this group with large number of persons are summarized below. The details notes on one on one interviews held are shown in Annex V:

# Road Name Summary of road Most of structures are movable structures somewhat close to the road reservations. Some of them are mobile Borella Rajagiriya Road 01 carts. Less number of structures close to the road edges (Kota Road) - B062 can be seen. All the informal businessmen would like shift their structure during the construction period if required. Some movable structures can be seen on both sides of the road, too close to the edges of road. But all of them are about 1m distance away from the road edges. Malabe Kaduwela Road Businesses have shown better understanding about 02 (B263) impact on their structures during road improvement period. Some of the structures are available on the drainage canal. They are also willing to support during the construction period. Some recently opened structures are available in this road. Most of them are movable structures, mobile Kelaniya Mudungoda Road structures and semi-permanent structures. Commonly 03 (B214) from Nagahamula most of the operators use these mobile structures to sell Junction to Belummahara Rambutan and king coconut. These people request to inform them before the construction is commenced in front of their structures. Pagoda Pitakotta Road ( Large number of structures can be seen near to road 04 B345) edges. Businessmen have proper knowledge about 58

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# Road Name Summary of road improvement of road. Owners of mobile structures are not much concern of the possible negative impacts. But some movable structures will be partially affected. Large numbers of structures available close to the road are mobile and movable structures. Only few structures are permanent structures near to road’s edge are seen but Pitakotte Thalawathugoda them can be avoided during construction phase because 05 Road (B368) they are located more than 2m away from the edges of the road. They are willing to give support by shifting their structures. They also need prior announcement before the construction is commenced. .

70. In addition to one on one interviews held with road users. Focus group discussions (FGDs) with key stakeholders were held during 20-July -2020 to 29-7-2020. The details of each FGD are shown in Table 3-31.

Table 3-31- Details of the FGDs held

Participants DS Division Date Total Male Female Sri Jayawardanapura Kotte 15.07.2020 4 5 9

Maharagama 22.07.2020 4 6 10

Kaduwela 28.07.2020 6 5 11

Biyagama 12.08.2020 4 11 15

Mahara 10.08.2020 4 12 16

Gampaha 12.08.2020 4 4 8

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71. The issues emerged from FGDs held in each road studied are mentioned below as summaries. Most of the issues emerged from the FGDs held in each road were relevant to the entire package as whole and therefore, summary relevant to the road package is presented in this section. Specific issues emerged at each FGD held and list of participants are shown in Annex III

Summary of the issue discussed

Present physical condition

 Drainage system is not properly functioning and it lead to create water logging generating favorable environment for mosquito breeding places.  Culverts are old and narrow, blocked and drainage system related issues can be seen especially near the Naranwala Filling Station and Udupila Town.  Width of the carriage way is not enough and not smooth, specially the section from the 1st cross street to Nugegoda junction and Weliweriya Town.  Continuous drainage canal networks are not available, and canals are not connected. Some ad hoc drains are available in scatted locations and not connected to main streams.  Some sections of the road are with uneven corrugated road surface (observed by participants). These are observed especially at the area near Biyagama beer Factory.  Road width is not adequate to cater the high volume of vehicles at the city (Udupila Town)  Road surface is damaged frequently due to high volume of container trucks.  Road Signs are not visible at night and to be placed in proper locations when rehabilitation activities are carried out  Most of the pedestrian crossings are not properly placed (observed by participants specially within the road section, Rathupaswala and Weliweriya Town)  The carpet is cracked, and the surface is uneven, therefore, high possibility for accidents.  Road was damaged by the Water Board and SLT for laying of pipes and cables. The road surface was not properly compacted and repaired. Level difference can be observed along that trench.  Many shops use the walkway space to display their goods and the space for pedestrians is reduced.

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Issues raised by road users, both vehicle operators and pedestrians

 Raised walkways are not available and very unsafe environment for pedestrians.  3-Wheelers use the roadside parking spaces encroaching walkways and therefore, no space for pedestrians. Drains overflow and difficult to stay at the bus halts during the rainy season  No space for parking of busses at bus halts and traffic congestion is observed due to parking of busses (e.g. specially near the DS Office in Kotte)  Very difficult to walk on the pedestrian walkway due to vendor activities  Many accidents occur due to pedestrians walking on the carriage way as the shoulder is filled with water.  Road Signs are not visible at night and to be placed in proper locations when rehabilitation activities are performed.  Streetlights are not available and the participants proposed to have a street lighting  Roadside vendors have acquired pedestrian walkway and e.g. parking space available.

Present maintenance condition of the roads

 RDA does not have regular and proper methodology to repair and maintenance of the roads.  Especially drainage system maintenance is not satisfactory.  Participants were not happy regarding the maintenance by the authorities and even after informing them about the potholes it takes months to repair them.  Most of the vendors and unauthorized buildings are observed in the road reservation , but no actions are taken to remove them  There is no proper coordination among NWSDB, SLT and CEB. Therefore, frequent damages to the road surface are observed, and these damages are not timely attended.  Maintenance work in general is not up to satisfactory level

Suggestions for the improvement project

 The participants highlighted the need of cover slabs for the whole drainage system to protect it and to use it as a pedestrian walkway  Provide proper pedestrian walkways at least for the congested sections.

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 Damages to the road due to SLT and NWSDB Activities and better to inform them in advance to do their work prior to the commencement of construction under this rehabilitation project.  Requested for the raised pedestrian walkways with a security fences.  Need a cover slabs for the drainage system and fix it with the same road level  Traffic management plan should be introduced to town area specially Weliweriya, Udupila, Delgoda, Pitakotte, and Kimbulawala Junction.  Request to level the man holes at the center of road to the same road level  Requested to remove all the unauthorized buildings on RDA reservation.  Whole drainage system needs to be properly covered and improve it as a pedestrian walkway  Create a link with all the stakeholders such as Agrarian Service, CEB, NWSDB, local government, DS office and Grama Niladaries.

Possible impact during construction and post construction phases:

 Need to control dust with water from time to time during the construction period  After completing the construction, check the road condition frequently and attend for preventive maintenance work  Proper traffic management plan should be followed with advanced information to drivers to avoid heavy congestion.  Complete the constructions within the time period assigned to the contractors and follow the safety guidelines during construction to prevent possible accidents  Consider special attention to prevent water stagnation and open excavations for long period.  During the construction the contractor should make sure that the temporary access are provided for the residents in the area.  Hazard lights and belts should be used to indicate the construction area.  Promote the construction at night time to have a smooth traffic flow during day time

4. Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM)

72. Grievances are common in involuntary land acquisition and resettlement. If these are not addressed timely and fairly, they will give rise to social resistance, political tension and unnecessary delays in project implementation, and could stall the project. Chapter VI of the Resettlement Frame work of iRoad II project gives reference to the proposed Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM). The road level arrangements need to be made to receive and facilitate

Involuntary resettlement due diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report early resolution of legitimate concerns and complaints of project affected persons, communities and other interested stakeholders with according to the Resettlement framework of iRoad II.

73. In Sri Lanka, project affected persons have recourse to the judicial system, public administrative system, political system, civil society organizations to resolve disputes. The government has also established Mediation Boards (MB) and Special Mediation Boards (SMB) at the DS level to amicably settle disputes. However, finding solutions to conflicts through these systems takes a long time, incurs expenses, and also do not have open access to some, and these often causes delays in project implementation and increased the expenditure to government due to compensation to contractors.

74. The GRM, as noted earlier, is a process for joint identification and resolution of grievances and concerns as well as a conduit for information exchange that would bring benefits to all stakeholders. By setting up GRM the project expects to:  Provide a forum for redressing grievances and disputes as much as possible at the lowest level,  Create effective communication between the project and APs,  Build up productive relationships among the all stakeholders,  Provide access to APs to negotiate and influence the decisions and policies of the project, where they could adversely affect them,  Mitigate or prevent adverse impacts of the project on communities and suggest appropriate corrective or preventive actions,  Harmonize project activities with those of APs.

75. The Grievances management process will include three tier systems starting from the road level.

First Tier – This is the Grass root level institutional arrangement, where complaints will be received and handled jointly by the contractor, PIC or PIU representative on site. Second tier – This is at project relevant GND level. The Grievances that cannot be resolved at the first level are taken up for resolution at this level with the involvement of the respective GNs. Third Tier – This is the highest level of Grievance Redress institutional set up for the project. It is at project relevant DSD level. The DS of the respective DSD will provide facilitative and other required legal support to address the Grievances of the stakeholders related to the project implementation. 76. There will be Grievance Redress committees at GND and DSD levels. The compositions of the GRCs at these 2 levels are shown below:

The composition of GN level GRC

1. Grama Niladari of the area Chairman 2. Representative of PIU Secretary 3. Representative of supervision consultant Member

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4. Representative of contractor Member 5. A community member/ religious leader Member 6. Woman representative from the local community Member

The composition of DS level GRC

1. Divisional Secretary of the area Chairman 2. Representative of PIU Secretary 3. Grama Niladhari of the area Member 4. Representative of supervision consultant Member 5. Representative of contractor Member 6. Representative of social organization (NGO/CBO) Member 7. A community member/ religious leader Member 8. Woman representative from the local community Member

77. To make the GRM process gender responsive, the GRC will include at least one female member to represent women in the local community. Further, when grievances or complaints are submitted to GRC, both women and men complaints will be treated equally and necessary measures will be taken to address the grievances in the best way possible.

78. Recommended steps with timeline on the operation of the GRM are provided in Figure 4-1. The complaints contact person will be designated within the PIU to help address all concerns and grievances of the local communities and affected parties. Contact details of this person will be provided in the project information display board that will be placed at the project site

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Figure 4-1.The flow chart of the GRM is presented in the succeeding.

Complaints by Complaints by the individuals, groups, or people’s institutions representatives;

political, religious, community

Step 1: GRC secretary (Complaints to GRC in written form) Decision to be taken within 3 weeks of receipt of Simple complaint Step 1: GRC meeting

6 week Step 2: GRC meeting

Decision to be taken Complex within 3 weeks of receipt of complaint Decision of step 2 GRC- convey the decision to public /chairmen and other

members of step 1 GRC

GRC process ends

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5. Conclusions and Recommendations

79. The proposed improvements to 5 candidate roads in Western Province under Integrated Road Investment Program will have positive effects in the rural and urban development as expected by the Government of Sri Lanka. The improvements to 5 candidate roads will assist in enhancing the connectivity of catchment areas with economic centers located in the vicinity of 5 Roads in Colombo and Gampaha Districts and beyond.

80. The consultants observed significantly large number of structures used for informal business activities in the vicinity of road edges. Most of the structures are located more than 2M away from the road edges. Only 17 of these structures observed as potential structures with temporary shifting impacts. These structures can be shifted along the road reservation with no difficulties and therefore, intended improvement activities can be carried out. The entire project affected 17 persons are willing to shift their structures but they should be informed in advance.

81. During the consultations with public it was revealed that the communities require a safe better road surface, width and better establishment of pavements and, especially a proper road drainage canal system.

82. Therefore, it is recommended to design cross sections suiting the existing road corridors. And this concept is already embedded in the project scope. Hence, there will be no cases of involuntary resettlement involved in the project.

83. Measures should be taken to minimize impacts to the public during the construction stage. It is recommended that Grievance Redress Committees be established before the commencement of civil works. As revealed in the socio-economic analysis, the public welcome this project as a positive factor in economic development.

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6. ANNEXES

Annex I - List of major roads connected to proposed project road

Road Name Connected Road Name

Ananda Balika Mawatha

Nagavihara Rd

1st Cross St Pagoda Pitakotta Road(B345) Dewala Rd

Chandra de Silva Mawatha

Etulkotte - Mirihana - Kohuwela

Weli Para,

Japan Sri Lanka Friendship Rd

Approach Road to Sri Jayewardenepura Hospital Pitakotte Thalawathugoda Road (B368) Madiwela Road

Raja Maha Vihara Rd

Baddagana Road

Kolonnawa - Yakbedde

Ayurveda Junction Borella Rajagiriya Road (Cota Road) - B062 Bauddhaloka Mawatha

Rodney St

Jayasinghe Mawatha

Pattiyawatte Road

Rajasinghe Mawatha

Kothalawala Interchange

Vihara Ln Malabe Kaduwela Road (B263) Isurupura Rd

Welivita Rd

Kahanthota Rd,

Chandrika Kumarathunga Mawatha

Robert Gunawardena Mawatha

Pattanwila - Makola

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Road Name Connected Road Name

Mabima Rd

Highway Interchange Kaduwela

Approach Road to Kaduwela Bridge

Malwana Road

Colabahena Watta Rd

Henehaththa Road Kelaniya Mudungoda Road (B214) Samurdhi Mawatha from Nagahamula Junction to Belummahara Sapugaskanda Oil Refinery Junction - Biyagama Free Trade Zone (Samurdhi Mawatha) Yatihena Rd

Delgoda - Dompe - Giridara

Makola - Udupila

Weliweriya - Kirindiwela

Imbulgoda - Weliweriya

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Annex II Cross sections of existing road

General Cross Section of B263 Road

General Cross Section of B345 Road

General Cross Section of B368 Road

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General Cross Section of B214 Road

General Cross Section of B062 Road

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Annex III: Involuntary Resettlement Impact Categorization Form

INVOLUNTARY RESETTLEMENT IMPACT CATAGORIZATION LIST Project: Improvement of following road sections in Western Province under Integrated Road Investment Program

Probable Involuntary Resettlement Not Yes No Remarks Effects Known Involuntary Acquisition of Land 1. Will there be land acquisition? x 2. Is the site for land acquisition known? Not Relevant 3. Is the ownership status and current Not Relevant usage of land to be acquired known? 4. Will easement be utilized within an x existing Right of Way (ROW)? 5. Will there be loss of shelter and x residential land due to land acquisition? 6. Will there be loss of agricultural and x other productive assets due to land acquisition? 7. Will there be losses of crops, trees, and x fixed assets due to land acquisition? 8. Will there be loss of businesses or x enterprises due to land acquisition? 9. Will there be loss of income sources and x means of livelihoods due to land acquisition? Involuntary restrictions on land use or on access to legally designated parks and protected areas 10. Will people lose access to natural x resources, communal facilities and services?

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11. If land use is changed, will it have an x Proposed improvements adverse impact on social and economic will be implemented activities? within RoW 12. Will access to land and resources x owned communally or by the state be restricted? Information on Displaced Persons: There will be no land acquisition and evacuation of persons due to the proposed road improvement project. Therefore, fallowing questions are irrelevant.

Any estimate of the likely number of persons that will be displaced by the Project? [ ] No [ ] Yes If yes, approximately how many? ______

Are any of them poor, female-heads of households, or vulnerable to poverty risks? [ x] No [ ] Yes Not Applicable Are any displaced persons from indigenous or ethnic minority groups? [ x] No [ ] Yes Not Applicable Note: The project team may attach additional information on the project, as necessary

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Annex IV: Observed structures along the candidate roads

1. Pitakotte Thalawathugoda Road (B368)

GPS Coordinates Name of the NIC Nature of Year Distance from # Address Side Type of Impact Photo N E AP Number Property Established Income the Road edge

112/4 Kathuru Not Affected, Indirect S.P Amila Moveable 1 6.875393 79.934386 Waththa , 711510974V RHS disturbance during 2016 30000 2m Danushka Structure Balummahara construction

Not Affected, Indirect 554/C Madiwela , 81614292171 Moveable 2 6.875889 79.931653 U.A Dayawathi LHS disturbance during 1970 10000 3m Thalawathugoda 2 Structure construction

Not Affected, Indirect A.D.S 559/ Madiwewa , Business 3 6.875979 79.931485 823004516V LHS disturbance during 2012 50000 3m Kularathna Thalawathugoda Structure construction

559/1 Madiwela Not Affected, Indirect Business 4 6.875935 79.931386 M.R Kumara Road , 780562358V LHS disturbance during 2010 30000 3m Structure Thalawathugoda construction

Not Affected, Indirect Jayarathna 562 / Madiwela , Business 5 6.876022 79.931084 LHS disturbance during 2019 30000 3m Perera Thalawathugoda Structure construction

B/14/1 Uswaththa , Not Affected, Indirect Charitha Moveable 6 6.876009 79.9304 Piraharamulla , 842512972V LHS disturbance during 2019 25000 3m Jeewantha Structure Kalaniya construction

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GPS Coordinates Name of the NIC Nature of Year Distance from # Address Side Type of Impact Photo N E AP Number Property Established Income the Road edge

Not Affected, Indirect 15/34 /A Shantha Business 7 6.87602 79.930303 D.V Nihal 721260550V LHS disturbance during 2018 20000 2m Tomas Mawatha Structure construction

Not Affected, Indirect 62/2 Palawathatha Moveable 8 6.875923 79.930345 D.G Suranga 840761991V LHS disturbance during 2020 20000 2m , Migoda Structure construction

265/6 Samagi Not Affected, Indirect Jeewan Mawatha, Moveable 9 6.875933 79.930242 89285077V LHS disturbance during 2020 25000 3m Dasanayaka Palawaththa , Structure Pannipitiya construction

Not Affected, Indirect 247/12 Miraniga Moveable 10 6.875948 79.930064 M. Nasmin 902282742V LHS disturbance during 2020 10000 2m Leen , Colombo 12 Structure construction

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GPS Coordinates Name of the NIC Nature of Year Distance from # Address Side Type of Impact Photo N E AP Number Property Established Income the Road edge

Not Affected, Indirect 66/B Brakmana Moveable 11 6.875968 79.92998 K . Buddika 905792512V LHS disturbance during 2019 20000 4m Gama , Pannipitiya Structure construction

Not Affected, Indirect Chathurika 47/4/ B Gagabada Moveable 12 6.875974 79.92994 8783620363V LHS disturbance during 2020 22000 2m Weligamage Road , Dalthara Structure construction

1105/05/01 Not Affected, Indirect D.M Sanjaya Moveable 13 6.875929 79.92987 Liyagoda , 851073493V LHS disturbance during 2020 25000 3m Kumara Structure Pannipitiya construction

28/11/B Not Affected, Indirect Buddika Moveable 14 6.875913 79.929903 Malwaththa Road , 70790026V LHS disturbance during 2019 25000 2m Krishantha Structure Hokandara construction

Not Affected, Indirect 1088/1/B Liyagoda Moveable 15 6.875935 79.929811 J.I.M Jayakodi 902673474V LHS disturbance during 2020 25000 1.5m , Pannipitiya Structure construction

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GPS Coordinates Name of the NIC Nature of Year Distance from # Address Side Type of Impact Photo N E AP Number Property Established Income the Road edge

197/39 Not Affected, Indirect D.Y.S Moveable 16 6.875916 79.929722 Moratuheena Road 601801329V LHS disturbance during 2020 25000 2m Beneragama Structure Athurugiriya construction

650, Mahasen Not Affected, Indirect A.H Pradeep Road, Moveable 17 6.875906 79.929622 833600230V LHS disturbance during 2015 20000 2m Suranga Katharagama , Structure Thissamaharama construction

223/ Stenly Not Affected, Indirect Kanishka Thilakahena Moveable 18 6.875885 79.929522 872591559V LHS disturbance during 2018 20000 1.5m Malinga Mawatha , Structure Nugegoda construction

Not Affected, Indirect V.G Manoj 37/44 Maligaawa Moveable 19 60875896 79.929329 922663980V LHS disturbance during 2020 20000 1.5m Kumara Road , Athulukotte Structure construction

Not Affected, Indirect 40/ Mahayaaya , Moveable 20 6.875906 79.929298 W.H Udaara 862213546V LHS disturbance during 2019 15000 1.5m Walasmulla Structure construction

220/ Madawala Not Affected, Indirect Moveable 21 6.876174 79.928781 Roshini Road , 89533466V LHS disturbance during 2020 20000 1.5m Structure Thalawathugoda construction

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GPS Coordinates Name of the NIC Nature of Year Distance from # Address Side Type of Impact Photo N E AP Number Property Established Income the Road edge

Not Affected, Indirect M.A Chanaka 130/C/14 Kalalgoda Moveable 22 6.0875946 79.929209 883064011V LHS disturbance during 2020 20000 2m Vimansa , Pannipitiya Structure construction

Not Affected, Indirect Shehan 51/C/4 Korathota , Moveable 23 6.875978 79.929172 771781500V LHS disturbance during 2020 20000 2m Alawathugoda Kaduwela Structure construction

200/C/3 Pola Road, Not Affected, Indirect Shehan Moveable 24 60876198 79.928739 Kotapana , 885225466V LHS disturbance during 2020 30000 1.5m Wanigasekara Structure Baththaramulla construction

B/30/2 Not Affected, Indirect Sugath Moveable 25 6.875999 79.929068 Maligawaththa, 741413205V LHS disturbance during 2020 20000 1.5m Vijewardana Structure Colombo 10 construction

22/E/A Not Affected, Indirect Nadeera Moveable 26 6.876031 79.929071 Thalawathugoda 812062408V LHS disturbance during 2020 20000 1.5m Edirisinha Structure Road Malabe construction

Not Affected, Indirect M.P Channa 27/3dumriyapola Moveable 27 6.876161 79.92887 781532878V LHS disturbance during 2019 15000 1.5m Viraj Road, Rathmalana Structure construction

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GPS Coordinates Name of the NIC Nature of Year Distance from # Address Side Type of Impact Photo N E AP Number Property Established Income the Road edge

Not Affected, Indirect Rohan 39/A New Hospitel Moveable 28 6.876053 79.929025 870190425V LHS disturbance during 2020 23000 3m Wasantha Road , Structure construction

553/6/C Not Affected, Indirect Nuwangi Moveable 29 6.875989 79.929 Kuruduwaththa 887574944V LHS disturbance during 2020 25000 1.5m Maduwanthi Structure Road construction

Not Affected, Indirect 525/ Paranagama , Moveable 30 60876117 79.928908 K.G.N Priyangi 777640020V LHS disturbance during 2019 20000 1.5m Kosgama Structure construction

Not Affected, Indirect Moveable 31 60876161 79.928786 B.L Anura Millagahawaththa 700820360V LHS disturbance during 2020 20000 1.5m Structure construction

5/3 Vihara Road, Not Affected, Indirect Mahesh Moveable 32 6.876347 79.928606 Pathiragoda, 852660103V LHS disturbance during 2020 20000 1.5m Athukorala Structure Maharagama construction

M.D.L Not Affected, Indirect 525/Paranagama , Moveable 33 6.876181 79.929014 Mangala 69052041V LHS disturbance during 2018 20000 1.5m Kosgama Structure Padmakumara construction

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GPS Coordinates Name of the NIC Nature of Year Distance from # Address Side Type of Impact Photo N E AP Number Property Established Income the Road edge

160/ House and Temporary affected and he Thiloka 34 6.88404 79.90892 Thalawathugoda 871571901V LHS Business expressed his voluntary 2018 30000 1m Vijerathna Road , Pitakotte Structure willingness to shift

Not Affected, Indirect M.A.N 558, Madiwela , Business 35 6.876 79.93168 9935801310V RHS disturbance during 2018 20000 2m Madhushan Thalawathugoda Structure construction

558/ Madiwela Not Affected, Indirect W. Barti 36 6.87596 79.93143 Road , 560060343V LHS Stall disturbance during 2019 20000 3m Fonseka Thalawathugoda construction

567/ A/ 10 Not Affected, Indirect Ekamuthu 37 6.8766 79.93123 M.G.A Gamini RHS Stall disturbance during 2000 20000 3m Mawatha , Thalawathugoda construction

517/1 Bodirama Temporary affected and he 19815821003 38 6.8763 79.92887 Niluka Ranjani Mawatha , RHS Stall expressed his voluntary 2016 20000 0.5m 0 Thalawathugoda willingness to shift

86/2 Not Affected, Indirect Sithara Thalawathugoda 39 6.87935 79.92004 735942590V RHS Stall disturbance during 2017 20000 1.5m Deilhani Road , Madiwela , Kotte construction

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GPS Coordinates Name of the NIC Nature of Year Distance from # Address Side Type of Impact Photo N E AP Number Property Established Income the Road edge

Not Affected, Indirect D. Shiyani 46/1 Welsiripura , Moveable 40 6.78136 79.91634 636911399V RHS disturbance during 2015 20000 2m Pranandu Madiwela , Kotte Structure construction

Not Affected, Indirect K.V.D Dilip 41 6.88164 79.91577 170,Madiwela Kotte 832132713V RHS Stall disturbance during 2013 14000 2m Prenadu construction

380/2 Rajamaha Not Affected, Indirect M.A.Gamani Vihara 42 6.88203 79.91521 562203656V RHS Stall disturbance during 2014 20000 2m Silva Road,Mirihana,Kott e construction

92/01 Velsiriri Not Affected, Indirect K.A.C 43 6.88209 79.91517 Pura,Madiwela,Kott 795412204V RHS Stall disturbance during 2019 15000 2m Damayanthi e construction

Not Affected, Indirect D.G.P 90/8 44 6.88215 76.91506 730271883V RHS Stall disturbance during 2015 25000 1.5m Nishantha Madidewala,Kotte construction

105/27 Pragathi Not Affected, Indirect 45 6.8828 79.91396 Nilan Sudesh Road,Madiwela,Kot 943652147V RHS Stall disturbance during 2020 15000 1.5m te construction

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GPS Coordinates Name of the NIC Nature of Year Distance from # Address Side Type of Impact Photo N E AP Number Property Established Income the Road edge

213/6,Thalawathu Not Affected, Indirect 46 6.88366 79.90945 G.K.S Perera Road,Miruhan,Kott 190750527V RHS Stall disturbance during 2020 20000 3m e construction

126/5, Rajamal Not Affected, Indirect Nandani Geli Moveable 47 6.88391 79.90937 Vihare RHS disturbance during 2020 10000 2m Gampalage Structure Mawatha,Kotte construction

Not Affected, Indirect Sajith 364,Thalawathu 48 6.88374 76.90958 937013841V RHS Stall disturbance during 2018 30000 2m Lakshitha Goda,Madiwela construction

Not Affected, Indirect Y.Sujiwa 98,Horagala,Paduk Moveable 49 6.88307 79.91131 777814834V LHS disturbance during 2020 25000 1.5m Rathnashili ka Structure construction

Rahula Not Affected, Indirect Rathnasiri Road,41,Madiwela 19693630334 Moveable 50 6.88123 79.9168 LHS disturbance during 2005 20000 2m Perera Road, 0 Structure Thalathugoda construction

68/2 Not Affected, Indirect B.L Shirani Moveable 51 6.88063 79.91823 Thalawathugoda,M 677502277V LHS disturbance during 2020 25000 1.5m Priyangika Structure adiwela,Kotte construction

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GPS Coordinates Name of the NIC Nature of Year Distance from # Address Side Type of Impact Photo N E AP Number Property Established Income the Road edge

T.G Chamra 420,7th Lane Not Affected, Indirect Moveable 52 6.87914 79.92055 Prenadu Thalawathu 963333353V LHS disturbance during 2020 20000 1.5m Structure Madushanoka Goda,Migamuwa construction

Not Affected, Indirect N.Sachini 465/1 Gane 20001780006 Moveable 53 6.87915 79.92058 RHS disturbance during 2020 20000 2m Taraka Road,Ragama 4 Structure construction

394/1 Temporary affected and he Business 54 6.87915 79.92064 S.D.M Indika Thalawathugoda 740240145V LHS expressed his voluntary 2019 30000 0.8 m Structure Road,Madiwela willingness to shift

438/Thalwathu Not Affected, Indirect Jayarathna Moveable 55 6.87891 79.82363 Goda 581328324V LHS disturbance during 2016 20000 3m Balasuriya Structure Road,Madiwela construction

Not Affected, Indirect 1/A Rahula Road , Moveable 56 6.87831 79.92367 G.K.D Sanjiwa 921213786V LHS disturbance during 2017 25000 2m Kotte Structure construction

Not Affected, Indirect 516,Kaluaggala,Ha Moveable 57 6.87814 79.924 Pathirage 930762610V LHS disturbance during 2019 20000 2m nwella Structure construction

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GPS Coordinates Name of the NIC Nature of Year Distance from # Address Side Type of Impact Photo N E AP Number Property Established Income the Road edge

Not Affected, Indirect B.Sujith 440,Thalawathu Business 58 6.87819 79.92407 791694132V LHS disturbance during 2020 30000 1.5m Kumara Goda,Madiwela Structure construction

2. Pagoda Pitakotta Road (B345)

GPS Coordinates Distance Name of the NIC Nature of Year from the # Address Side Type of Impact Income Photo N E AP Number Property Established Road edge

477 Old Temporary affected and he 1 6.886197 79.897754 N.F.Siyam Maharagama - RHS Stall expressed his voluntary willingness 2017 15000 1m Road,Nawinna to shift

Temporary affected and he 347 Magala 2 6.886197 79.897754 Nimal Soisa 703711127V RHS Stall expressed his voluntary willingness 2005 18000 1m Road,Nugegoda to shift

S.M.Paramesh Not Affected, Indirect disturbance 3 6.873816 79.891607 45,Maradhana 851145017V RHS Stall 2019 15000 1.5m waram during construction

333,Puththalama Moveable Not Affected, Indirect disturbance 4 6.87425 79.891782 Romesh 913788618V RHS 2020 10000 1.5m Road,Marawila Structure during construction

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GPS Coordinates Distance Name of the NIC Nature of Year from the # Address Side Type of Impact Income Photo N E AP Number Property Established Road edge

House and Temporary affected and he S.S.Siriwardha 175,Pagoda 5 6.87459 79.891781 807181911V LHS Business expressed his voluntary willingness 2015 60000 1m na Road,Nugegoda Structure to shift

Not Affected, Indirect disturbance 6 6.874813 79.892073 Nijam 133/E,Dehiwala - LHS Stall 2000 10000 1.5m during construction

Elakandha Moveable Not Affected, Indirect disturbance 7 6.875272 79.89172 Jayasankara 90240044V LHS 2019 20000 1.5m Road,Wattala Structure during construction

944/B2 20001311538 Moveable Not Affected, Indirect disturbance 8 6.879292 79.894542 S.A.Arfass LHS 2020 20000 1.5m nadimala,Dehiwala 1 Structure during construction

179 Deris Business Not Affected, Indirect disturbance 9 6.882082 79.89681 Nimal Silwa - LHS 2010 25000 1.5m Road,Pannipitiya Structure during construction

S.K.C.L.Nanda 168/G Nawala Moveable Not Affected, Indirect disturbance 10 6.882452 79.397733 - LHS 2018 20000 1.5m ni Rajagiriya Structure during construction

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GPS Coordinates Distance Name of the NIC Nature of Year from the # Address Side Type of Impact Income Photo N E AP Number Property Established Road edge

L.Sarath 37,Mirihana Moveable Not Affected, Indirect disturbance 11 6.882545 79.897943 681112839V LHS 2014 20000 1.5m Perera Nugegoda Structure during construction

3. Borella Rajagiriya Road (Kota Road) - B062

GPS Coordinates Distance NIC Nature of Year from the # Name of the AP Address Side Type of Impact Photo N E Number Property Established Income Road edge-M

Not Affected, Indirect disturbance 1 6.914717 79.878052 Chandhani 783,Maradhana LHS Stall 2007 15000 1.5m during construction

7,Borella Not Affected, Indirect disturbance 2 6.914555 79.878207 Sepala 697134351V LHS Stall 2000 30000 1.5m Road,Walikada during construction

Temporary affected and he 85/3,Punchi 3 6.914213 79.87863 Jagath Gallage LHS Stall expressed his voluntary willingness 1998 20000 1m borella,Borella to shift

73,Kotte Temporary affected and he 4 6.910665 79.876682 S.K.Nandawathi Road,Thalawathug LHS Stall expressed his voluntary willingness 2005 15000 1m oda to shift

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GPS Coordinates Distance NIC Nature of Year from the # Name of the AP Address Side Type of Impact Photo N E Number Property Established Income Road edge-M

Priyantha 188,Nawala Not Affected, Indirect disturbance 5 6.910532 79.893755 857781812V LHS Stall 2009 18000 1.5m Pushpakumara Road,Rajagiriya during construction

475,Gothatuwa Business Not Affected, Indirect disturbance 6 6.909815 79.89755 L.L.Dayawathi LHS 1995 15000 1.5m Road,Gothjatuwa Structure during construction

336,Nawala Business Not Affected, Indirect disturbance 7 6.90966 79.897132 S.M.Sumathipala 781211121V LHS 2010 20000 1.5m road,Nugegoda Structure during construction

Temporary affected and he Manel 385,Nawala,Rajagir 8 6.91008 79.894423 791335678V RHS Stall expressed his voluntary willingness 2000 20000 1m Pushpakumari iya to shift

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GPS Coordinates Distance NIC Nature of Year from the # Name of the AP Address Side Type of Impact Photo N E Number Property Established Income Road edge-M

Moveable Not Affected, Indirect disturbance 9 6.910093 79.894368 L.K.S.M.Thilaksiri Nawala RHS 1995 15000 1.5m Structure during construction

85,Maradhana Moveable Not Affected, Indirect disturbance 10 6.910148 79.894605 L.K.M.Rathnayaka RHS 1990 12000 1.5m Road,Borella Structure during construction

4. Malabe Kaduwela Road (B263)

GPS Coordinates Distance NIC Nature of Year from the # Name of the AP Address Side Type of Impact Income Photo N E Number Property Established Road edge

Not Affected, 17/3,Yatithota Moveable 1 6.903307 79.958003 Thushara Pradeep 867046462V LHS Indirect disturbance 2015 15000 1.5m waththa,malabe Structure during construction

Not Affected, 2 65.683937 79.958277 S.M.N.Shiromi 63,Nuwara Eliya 70710042V LHS Stall Indirect disturbance 2019 15000 1.5m during construction

Not Affected, Moveable 3 65.684527 79.960035 L.H.Chandra Perera 750042043V LHS Indirect disturbance 2001 20000 1.5m Structure during construction

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GPS Coordinates Distance NIC Nature of Year from the # Name of the AP Address Side Type of Impact Income Photo N E Number Property Established Road edge

Not Affected, Moveable 4 69.91492 79.964802 W.Sanjeewa LHS Indirect disturbance 2003 15000 1.5m Structure during construction

Not Affected, Moveable 5 65.693302 79.971538 Lakmal 83/2B Kaduwela 8870123423 LHS Indirect disturbance 2012 15000 1.5m Structure during construction

Not Affected, Moveable 6 6.914922 79.97139 Perera Ranala,Kaduwela LHS Indirect disturbance 1998 18000 1.5m Structure during construction

Not Affected, 73/2,Malwana Moveable 7 6.911465 79.97187 Lasantha Wikramasinha LHS Indirect disturbance 2005 15000 1.5m Biyagama Structure during construction

Not Affected, Wawa Moveable 8 6.91166 79.971943 Anandha Wikramasinha 791800071V LHS Indirect disturbance 2001 10000 1.5m Road,Kurunagala Structure during construction

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GPS Coordinates Distance NIC Nature of Year from the # Name of the AP Address Side Type of Impact Income Photo N E Number Property Established Road edge

Not Affected, Business 9 6.917003 79.973135 Sunil Ranathunga 31/2,Pannipitiya LHS Indirect disturbance 2015 20000 1.5m Structure during construction

Not Affected, Moveable 10 6.917003 79.973135 S.S.Suriyagoda 71/23,Pittugala,Malabe 617233312V LHS Indirect disturbance 2002 15000 1.5m Structure during construction

Temporary affected 83,Rathupaswala,Waliw Moveable and he expressed his 11 6.920447 79.974428 M.K.Nilmini 742133281V LHS 2000 15000 1m eriya Structure voluntary willingness to shift

Not Affected, Moveable 12 6.922617 79.977252 L.K.M.S.Rupa 532/B2,Kaduwela 64557033V LHS Indirect disturbance 2017 30000 1.5m Structure during construction

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GPS Coordinates Distance NIC Nature of Year from the # Name of the AP Address Side Type of Impact Income Photo N E Number Property Established Road edge

Not Affected, Moveable 13 6.937245 79.986437 L.K.Malkanthi 33,Waragoda,Kelaniya LHS Indirect disturbance 2015 15000 1.5m Structure during construction

Temporary affected 552/A,Nawagamuwa,Ka and he expressed his 14 6.937172 79.986545 L.K.Bagawathi LHS Stall 2018 15000 1m duwela voluntary willingness to shift

Not Affected, Moveable 15 6.934573 79.98387 S.M.Somapala Kaduwela RHS Indirect disturbance 2012 15000 1.5m Structure during construction

Temporary affected and he expressed his 16 6.92933 79.982858 L.K.P.Sriyantha Kaduwela RHS Stall 2014 15000 1m voluntary willingness to shift

Not Affected, 87,New Kandy Business 17 6.928718 79.982633 Ramya Malkanthi 642473012V RHS Indirect disturbance 2020 15000 1.5m Road,Kaduwela Structure during construction

Involuntary resettlement due diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

GPS Coordinates Distance NIC Nature of Year from the # Name of the AP Address Side Type of Impact Income Photo N E Number Property Established Road edge

Not Affected, 297,New Kandy Moveable 18 6.928237 79.981672 Janaka Bandara 857011147V RHS Indirect disturbance 2017 10000 1.5m road,Kaduwela Structure during construction

Not Affected, 278,Kaduwela Moveable 19 6.928085 79.98142 L.H.Sisira RHS Indirect disturbance 2005 15000 1.5m Road,Kaduwela Structure during construction

Not Affected, Business 20 6.919787 79.974283 Kusum Chandandi 85,Pansala Road, 7570332141V RHS Indirect disturbance 2015 12000 1.5m Structure during construction

Not Affected, 21 6.919217 79.974363 Charuni De Silwa Main Road,Malabe 902042121V RHS Stall Indirect disturbance 2015 20000 1.5m during construction

Not Affected, 30,Pamunuwa,Maharag Moveable 22 69.91631 79.97266 Samitha 932122397V RHS Indirect disturbance 2020 15000 1.5m ama Structure during construction

Involuntary resettlement due diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

GPS Coordinates Distance NIC Nature of Year from the # Name of the AP Address Side Type of Impact Income Photo N E Number Property Established Road edge

Not Affected, Business 23 6.91395 79.972277 E.C.A.P.Dayawathi RHS Indirect disturbance 2019 18000 1.5m Structure during construction

Not Affected, Business 24 6.9183 79.972265 K.K.Kumari 533/2,Siyabalanduwa 82821221V RHS Indirect disturbance 2018 15000 1.5m Structure during construction

Not Affected, 25 6.911138 79.972027 H.Chandrasiri Gonawala,Kalaniya RHS Stall Indirect disturbance 2001 15000 1.5m during construction

Not Affected, 20,Homagama Moveable 26 6.895852 79.960013 Chamal Perera 20012112321V RHS Indirect disturbance 2018 20000 1.5m road,Homagama Structure during construction

Involuntary resettlement due diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

5. Kelaniya Mudungoda Road (B214) from Nagahamula Junction to Belummahara

GPS Coordinates Distance NIC Nature of Year from the # Name of the AP Address Side Type of Impact Photo N E Number Property Established Income Road edge

Not Affected, Indirect 7'4'15.305 80'0'57.376 173/23 Godagedara Moveable 1 G.Ranjani Kanthi 19803062718V RHS disturbance during 2019 15000 1.5m 88 44 Mudungoda Structure construction

Not Affected, Indirect K.K.Niluka 66.30 Belummahara Moveable 2 7'3'49.356 80'0'49.144 806444189V RHS disturbance during 2020 10000 1.5m Priyadarshani Mudungoda Structure construction

Not Affected, Indirect 19,2 Arnorle Moveable 3 7'3'31.428 80'0'55.198 L.Janaka 8209111512V RHS disturbance during 2020 15000 1.5m Place,Moratuwa Structure construction

Temporary affected and 80'0'56.345 58.61 Rathupaswala Moveable he expressed his 4 7'3'26.136 A.L.Ranjani RHS 2020 10000 1m 4 Mudungoda Structure voluntary willingness to shift

Not Affected, Indirect 39,1 A Galoluwa Moveable 5 7'3'9.6 80'0'11.284 Nimmi Manohari 198455203703 RHS disturbance during 2020 10000 1.5m Nadungamuwa Structure construction

Involuntary resettlement due diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

GPS Coordinates Distance NIC Nature of Year from the # Name of the AP Address Side Type of Impact Photo N E Number Property Established Income Road edge

Temporary affected and R.G.Cushak 161.6A Maharagama Moveable he expressed his 6 7'3'8.676 80'1'6.18 803212350V RHS 2020 15000 1m Suranga Mudungoda Structure voluntary willingness to shift

426/05 Not Affected, Indirect R.M.S.K.Rathnayak Moveable 7 7'3'3.786 80'0'59.472 Walipiliewa,Ganemull 873632070V RHS disturbance during 2020 20000 1.5m e Structure a construction

Not Affected, Indirect 3/3,Nagenghina Moveable 8 7'3'3.222 80'0'59.364 Thusane Pranando 726742065V RHS disturbance during 2017 10000 1.5m Weliwariya Structure construction

145/54 Not Affected, Indirect Moveable 9 7'1'32.478 80'1'35.43 S.A.Wishaka WELAWATHA RHS disturbance during 2020 10000 1.5m Structure Waliwariya construction

407,2 F Not Affected, Indirect Moveable 10 7'0'45.318 80'1'28,854 K.P.N.Kumari Arannaluwa,Waliwari 805380470V RHS disturbance during 2016 20000 1.5m Structure ya construction

Not Affected, Indirect 6'58'20.41 145/Siyabalape Moveable 11 80'0'7.482 H.Nihal Rathna RHS disturbance during 2020 15000 1.5m 2 Watta,Delgoda Structure construction

Involuntary resettlement due diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

GPS Coordinates Distance NIC Nature of Year from the # Name of the AP Address Side Type of Impact Photo N E Number Property Established Income Road edge

Not Affected, Indirect 6'58'11.86 Senawirathnage 712/Yatihena,Malwan Moveable 12 80'0'6.582 19827880747v RHS disturbance during 2020 10000 1.5m 2 Renuka a Structure construction

Not Affected, Indirect 6'57'22.96 79'59'46.10 530/3 New Kandy Moveable 13 W.M.Kapila Gayan 852614757V RHS disturbance during 2019 10000 1.5m 2 4 Road Biyagama Structure construction

Not Affected, Indirect 6'57'22.78 530/5 J New Kandy Moveable 14 79'59'40.2 M.S.Prabarshani 90759897997V RHS disturbance during 2020 10000 1.5m 8 Road,Biyagama Structure construction

Not Affected, Indirect 6'57'22.51 79'59'39.37 530/5 J New Kandy Moveable 15 J.P.I.Prasadini 806041530V RHS disturbance during 2017 20000 1.5m 8 8 Road,Biyagama Structure construction

Not Affected, Indirect 6'57'23.98 527/4 New Kandy Moveable 16 79'58'39.42 Priyanka Sriyani 196968501417 RHS disturbance during 2017 15000 1.5m 7 Road Biyagama Structure construction

Involuntary resettlement due diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

GPS Coordinates Distance NIC Nature of Year from the # Name of the AP Address Side Type of Impact Photo N E Number Property Established Income Road edge

Not Affected, Indirect 6'57'24.51 79'59'33.46 36/4 Madiwela Moveable 17 P.A.K.Chadinka 805782900V RHS disturbance during 2019 15000 1.5m 6 8 Heiyanthuduwa Structure construction

Not Affected, Indirect 6'57'19.69 79'59'37.78 H.S.P.N.T.Priyankar 620,Calabahena Moveable 18 883222679V RHS disturbance during 2017 20000 1.5m 2 8 a Watta Biyagama Structure construction

Not Affected, Indirect 6'57'24.46 79'59'41.14 472.6 Malwana Moveable 19 H.N.V.S.N.Antan 723040728V RHS disturbance during 2015 15000 1.5m 8 2 Penagashandiya Structure construction

Not Affected, Indirect 6'57'24.24 R.M.Nishanthi 587,Calabanena Moveable 20 79'59'40.35 705531579V RHS disturbance during 1997 10000 1.5m 6 Rangthuge Watta Biyagama Structure construction

Not Affected, Indirect 79'59'40.60 84.02 Galahitiyawa Moveable 21 6'57'26.13 B.A.Nilusha 885894410V RHS disturbance during 2020 10000 1.5m 8 Road Biyagama Structure construction

Not Affected, Indirect 6'57'33.95 79'59'42.34 533/2 A New Kandy Moveable 22 M.M.Kulathunga RHS disturbance during 2020 10000 1.5m 4 8 Road Biyagama Structure construction

Involuntary resettlement due diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

GPS Coordinates Distance NIC Nature of Year from the # Name of the AP Address Side Type of Impact Photo N E Number Property Established Income Road edge

116/3 Panala Not Affected, Indirect 6'57'36,18 79'59'42.94 Moveable 23 B.Shiganthi Perera Mawithigama RHS disturbance during 2020 10000 1.5m 6 2 Structure Malwana construction

Not Affected, Indirect 6'57'44.54 79'59'47.05 Dimo Junction Moveable 24 D.Dineshan RHS disturbance during 2017 15000 1.5m 4 2 Siyabalape Structure construction

Not Affected, Indirect 6'57'44.77 79'59'47.81 Moveable 25 S.A.M.P.Kumara 2,Nuwara Eliya 8086229701V RHS disturbance during 2020 20000 1.5m 8 4 Structure construction

Temporary affected and 6'58'19.69 H.K.Lakmal 30/2 Siyabalape Moveable he expressed his 26 80'0'7.398 198823401917 RHS 1995 20000 1m 8 Udayagama Watta Delgoda Structure voluntary willingness to shift

Not Affected, Indirect 6'59'23.52 161/58/35 Paradise Moveable 27 80'0'53.43 H.M.A.D.B.Herath 830810277V RHS disturbance during 2010 20000 1.5m 6 Cort Nadnngannwa Structure construction

Not Affected, Indirect I.P.Nishantha Moveable 28 7'0'0.084 80'1'3.24 61/1,Udupila Delgoda RHS disturbance during 2012 10000 1.5m Gunathunga Structure construction

Involuntary resettlement due diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

GPS Coordinates Distance NIC Nature of Year from the # Name of the AP Address Side Type of Impact Photo N E Number Property Established Income Road edge

Not Affected, Indirect 173/15,Koshena Moveable 29 7'0'03.36 80'1'12.048 T.D.Jayawathu RHS disturbance during 2015 10000 1.5m Watta Delgoda Structure construction

Not Affected, Indirect 16/2 A Naramwela Moveable 30 7'1'32.808 80'1'35.706 Dulipe Sanjaya 801731615V RHS disturbance during 2015 20000 1.5m Gampaha Structure construction

Temporary affected and N.P.Chanpa 37/4 Biyagama Road Moveable he expressed his 31 7'1'35.592 80'1'38.526 728093536V RHS 2012 15000 1m Chandan Waliwariya Structure voluntary willingness to shift

Temporary affected and 916 Heenpathuwa Moveable he expressed his 32 7'2'40.02 80'1'3.714 H.Priyangika 798431390V RHS 2003 20000 1m Waliwariya Structure voluntary willingness to shift

Not Affected, Indirect E.P.Nilanthi 67/5 Belummahara Moveable 33 7'3'44.07 80'1'7.771 767771380V RHS disturbance during 2002 10000 1.5m Rajapaksha Mudungoda Structure construction

Involuntary resettlement due diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

GPS Coordinates Distance NIC Nature of Year from the # Name of the AP Address Side Type of Impact Photo N E Number Property Established Income Road edge

Not Affected, Indirect P.Champa 172/2 Godagedara Moveable 34 7'3'57.87 80'0'48.27 785480430V RHS disturbance during 2001 15000 1.5m Priyadarshani Belummahara Structure construction

Involuntary resettlement due diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report

Annex V One on one interview

# DSD Name of the AP Gender Age Address Views of the person Borella Rajagiriya Road ( Kota Road) - B062 I am selling Lotteries by using this movable structure since 2007. I heard about proposed improvements to the road. . The location I used for this Sri activity is on the pavement 1m away from the edge of road. The hand rail 1 Ja’pura Chandhani Female 34 783,Maradhana also nearby structure. If RDA needs, I can move my structure easily within Kotte few days. But, I request to inform me at least 1 week before the construction. Then I can manage it. I have been using this movable structure as my grocery shop since year 2005. It’s situated in corner of the road. I earn Rs.15000/= monthly. My Sri 73,Kotte structure is closed to the edge of the road. But it is located on the 2 Ja’pura S.K.Nandawathi Female 45 Road,Thalawathugo pavement. My understanding is that there will be no need to shift my Kotte da business activities if RDA does not expect to widen the present width of the road. But, please give me a notice before the construction My movable structure is using to sell fruits such as King coconut, Mango and Banana since 2000. I can earn Rs.20000/= from this business. It’s Sri Manel 385,Nawala,Rajagiri located on the pavement. . I can ensure my commitment to support the 3 Ja’pura Female 41 Pushpakumari ya project by shifting these temporary kept few tables out of the section of Kotte the road required for road rehabilitation activities.

Malabe Kaduwela Road (B263) Recently I opened this permanent structure to my income generation. I 4 Kaduwela S.M.N.Shiromi Female 50 63,Nuwara Eliya am able to earn 15000/= form this business. My structure is located 1m

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# DSD Name of the AP Gender Age Address Views of the person away from edge of road. And also drainage canal is going in front of my structure in parallel. Therefore there will be no negative impact on business activities in the entire structure. There will not be intension to expand the existing width of the road. I have been in a movable structure since 2001. I am earning some money to support my family. I can earn Rs20000 from this business. My structure L.H.Chandra is 1m away from edge of road. . I have flexibility to shift it to any other 5 Kaduwela Female 55 Perera suitable location with no cost to me. The RDA should inform me at least 1 to 2 days ahead of commencing construction work in front of my structure. I established this temporary business structure in 2003 to sell some King coconut and some fruits. It is too close to electricity tower and also my movable structure and tower both them are same distance. If RDA needs 6 Kaduwela W.Sanjeewa Male 36 shifting of this movable structure I am much willing to do it because I am also a beneficiary of the improved road

This is my mobile business to sell Dooriyan by Three Wheeler. My business also not regular and it depends on the Dooriyan season. My 7 Kaduwela S.S.Suriyagoda Female 49 71/23,Pittugala,Mal structure is 1m away from road’s edge. We all welcome this road abe rehabilitation project because it will be beneficial for all of us. I will give my fullest support for this. Recently (2017) I started the movable structure to selling fresh fruits. My 8 Kaduwela L.K.M.S.Rupa Female 56 532/B2,Kaduwela business is very close to road. But you can see this permanent pier. I don’t think so this will be removing. So my opinion is there are no any

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# DSD Name of the AP Gender Age Address Views of the person disturbances from my business to construction. However if RDA needs to shift my structure. I am able to bring it backward. The movable cart with groceries and king coconut are kept in front of this permanent structure. This is my main income generation. If the contractors need the area I use for the project work, I’m prepared to take 9 Kaduwela L.K.P.Sriyantha Male 34 Kaduwela my movable structure outside area within the same location. This can be done much easily within 1-2 hours but I prefer if the RDA can inform the date of the commencement of construction work in front of my business area at least one day ahead of the commencement of construction. This movable inflatable toys selling structure constructed in 2017, I’m able to earn about Rs.10000 per month. I do not have structure as such with 297,New Kandy a roof to do my business This structure is presently kept on the road 10 Kaduwela Janaka Bandara Male 35 road,Kaduwela drainage but I’m much willing to shift it somewhere allowing contractors to carry out their expected work. However we need this road to be rehabilitated immediately if possible My Dooriyan business was started as an income generating source. I am keeping Dooriyan on the small movable rack in front of drainage canal 278,Kaduwela and electricity tower. I’m not selling Dooriyan regularly. It depends on the 11 Kaduwela L.H.Sisira Female 57 Road,Kaduwela season. I am willing to shift my movable structure to another place on the same side of the road. My only request is, inform me before the construction. Kelaniya Mudungoda Road (B214) from Nagahamula Junction to Belummahara K.K.Niluka K.K.Niluka Recently (2020), I started Pineapple business with using this movable 12 Gampaha Female 40 Priyadarshani Priyadarshani structure. I have flexibility to shift it to any other suitable location with no

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# DSD Name of the AP Gender Age Address Views of the person cost to me. This can be done within an hour. I am prepared willingly to move it if RDA needs to do so. The RDA should inform me at least 1 to 2 days ahead of commencing construction work in front of my structure. We all need this road to be improved. I recently (2020) started selling fruits such as Donga, Gaduguda, and Mangosteen keeping 2 to 3 tables. I can earn small income (Rs.15000 per month) to support my family. These tables can be shifted to other 19,2 Arnorle 13 Gampaha L.Janaka Male 42 place in the location itself if I am informed at least before the Place,Moratuwa commencement of the construction work. I can ensure my commitment to support the project by shifting my temporary kept few tables out of the section of the road required for road rehabilitation activities. My business was started to earn some money as a house wife. I am selling flower plants, vegetable plants, compost packets and fertilizer 58.61 packets. I am able to earn Rs10000 per month. It is really helpful to my 14 Gampaha A.L.Ranjani Female 29 Rathupaswala day to day expenses. I can shift my pots backward within the construction Mudungoda period. So please inform me before the construction in front of my movable structure. My movable structure is using as my income generation method recently (2020). I am selling Banana, Mango, using small tables. My structure is 1 39,1 A Galoluwa 15 Gampaha Nimmi Manohari Female 36 Nadungamuwa m away from road’s edge. I heard about road’s construction. It is much benefited to all us. I will give my fullest cooperation for this. This semi-permanent structure is using to sell clothing items such as 161.6A R.G.Cushak 16 Mahara Female 40 Maharagama Frocks, Denims, T shirt recently (2020). I am able to earn Rs15000 Suranga Mudungoda monthly. My understanding is that there will be no need to shift my

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# DSD Name of the AP Gender Age Address Views of the person business activities if RDA does not expect to widen the present width of the road I established this Business structure recently (2020), I sell fruits juice and earn minimum of Rs 20000 a month. This road is seriously dilapidated in 426/05 R.M.S.K.Rathnay front of small juice stall. Seriously eroded edge is the main problem. The 17 Mahara Female 33 Walipiliewa,Ganem ake customers to my place coming in motor bikes face difficulties to take their ulla vehicles near my business location through damaged road edge. I am willing to give full support to this construction. I am involved in this lemon juice business recently (2020) using a table and small hut. I am preparing lemon juice early in the morning and selling. 145/54 18 Mahara S.A.Wishaka Female WELAWATHA I can earn Rs10000 per month. My movable structure is located 1m away Waliwariya from road’s edge and in front of permanent structure. Please, inform me before because I want to keep lemon and juice’s contamination from dust. I am selling coconut since 2016 by using movable structure. My structure is too close to edge of road. When RDA survey team talked to me about 407,2 F improvement to this road in front of my store I refused even them to take 19 Mahara K.P.N.Kumari Female 40 Arannaluwa,Waliwa photo of my structure this was due to mainly thinking that road will be riya expanded creating full damage to my structure. But, finally I realized that I need only to shift my structure towards backward in the same place. This structure is movable. Established in 2020, the income from this business, Selling Jack fruit is the main income of my family. We as petty 145/Siyabalape 20 Mahara H.Nihal Rathna Male 29 Watta,Delgoda business community established our temporary /movable structures welcome the proposed rehabilitation project because edge of the road is

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# DSD Name of the AP Gender Age Address Views of the person seriously dilapidated creating difficulties for our customers to reach our business centers. I can move my structure within 5 minutes. I am selling Rambutan from recent time (2020). I am earning Rs10000 from this little business in Rambutan season. I don’t have table, but I manage it by using bricks. I have only hut and chair. If RDA needs, I can 21 Mahara Senawirathnage Female 38 712/Yatihena,Malw Renuka ana take backward my movable structure immediately. Only request I have is to inform me at least one day ahead of construction for me to attend if shifting is required. I am involved in Petty business of Rambutan and Mangosteen selling since 2019 in front of a temple. At any time I can shift to another place where I can continue this simple petty business activity. Most important 22 Biyagama W.M.Kapila Male 35 530/3 New Kandy Gayan Road Biyagama thing to for us to get this important road improved. However I know my activity will disturb the contractors to attend the road repairing work at the edge of the road. I am willing to shift to another place during construction. My Rambutan business was started recently. My movable structure 1m away from road’s edge. I understand from the survey team that road width will not be expanded and therefore I will not have negative impact. If RDA 530/5 J New Kandy 23 Biyagama M.S.Prabarshani Female 30 needs I can shift this structure little further within a day. Only request I Road,Biyagama have is to inform me at least one day ahead of construction for me to attend if shifting is required. However the project proposed is required to the area and also all other users travelling on this road. My Movable structure is using to sell Rambutan since 2017. As a 530/5 J New Kandy 24 Biyagama J.P.I.Prasadini Female 40 housewife I am trying to help my husband. Presently, I can earn Rs20000 Road,Biyagama from this business. My structure is too close to edge of road and electricity

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# DSD Name of the AP Gender Age Address Views of the person tower. If RDA needs these tables can be kept somewhere else temporary until required road rehabilitation work completed in front of my business activities I am using this table and hut as a movable structure to sell Rambutan since last year. I heard about road’s construction. So already know about 36/4 Madiwela the need for shifting the business place. There is more space nearby to 25 Biyagama P.A.K.Chadinka Female 40 Heiyanthuduwa shift my movable structure. My only request is to inform me before the construction, because I need to cover-up my Rambutan to protect from dust My mobile business is selling slippers and shoes. I and my wife are 472.6 Malwana engaged in this business since 2015. We are able to earn Rs15000 26 Biyagama H.N.V.S.N.Antan Male 48 Penagashandiya monthly. I understand from the survey team that road width will not be expanded and therefore I will not have negative impact. I used this semi-permanent structure as small grocery shop since 1997. Recently I keep 2 tables to sell Rambutan and sweet corn in front of my R.M.Nishanthi 587,Calabanena 27 Biyagama Female 50 structure. I can shift these 2 tables when road’s construction starts. I hope Rangthuge Watta Biyagama there is no negative impact on my semi-permanent structure. This is my main income generation method. I recently open this business to sell Rambutan as temporary income method. I am able to earn Rs10000 monthly. It is pretty much help to our 84.02 Galahitiyawa 28 Biyagama B.A.Nilusha Female 32 day to day expenses. If RDA needs, I can shift my movable structure Road Biyagama backward from the road’s edge. I personally like the development of this road. Because It’s also benefited to us.

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# DSD Name of the AP Gender Age Address Views of the person My Rambutan business was started recently. I use small tables and hut 116/3 Panala for this business. This helps for me to earn Rs10000 monthly. So I am B.Shiganthi 29 Biyagama Female 41 Mawithigama worried about if anything happens to this structure. So, I kindly request Perera Malwana from you that please inform me soon prior to begging of construction in front of structure. I have been using this mobile business to sell Thissamaharama Curd since year 2017. I am able to earn Rs15000 from this business. I am using Dimo Junction my small lorry as mobile structure. I haven’t any issue from this 30 Gampaha D.Dineshan Male 35 Siyabalape construction. I may shift my lorry to another place during the construction. So please let me know before the construction in front of my business point. I established this semi-pennant structure in 1995 to sell some King coconut and quid. Rs 20000 can be earned from this business. This H.K.Lakmal 30/2 Siyabalape 31 Gampaha Male 32 structure is far away (2m) from the edge of the road and therefore Udayagama Watta Delgoda proposed road rehabilitation can be carried out without disturbances to my business structure. But, if RDA needs, I need to face this issue. My mobile business was started 10 years before. I am selling Fruits such as Water Melon, Oranges, Apple by using my small lorry. The main H.M.A.D.B.Herat 161/58/35 Paradise reason of my success is my business. Presently, I am owner of this lorry 32 Gampaha Female 37 h Cort Nadnngannwa due to this business. So, I am really happy about this construction because it is also benefited to me. I can manage my business activities during the construction. I.P.Nishantha 61/1,Udupila King coconut business was started in 2012. I developed my business 33 Gampaha Male Gunathunga Delgoda movable structure to semi-permanent structure within 8 years. My

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# DSD Name of the AP Gender Age Address Views of the person structure is 1m away from the edge of road as well as it is near electricity tower. I understand, If RDA needs, and I need shift my structure. So please tell me when construction will be commenced. I have been here as king coconut seller since 2012. I have semi- permanent structure as well as movable structure to sell some fruits. Even if RDA requests to shift it I am willing to shift my selling Items in to my 34 Gampaha N.P.Chanpa Female 48 37/4 Biyagama Chandan Road Waliwariya semi-permanent structure We have to respect our development of the country. It also beneficial to us. We are much happy to see this road improved in near future. I established this permanent structure in 2002 with expectations to provide supplementary income to my family. Presently, I am selling pineapple. I am earning Rs10000 monthly. My structure is too close to edge of road. I know from the understanding given by survey team, the 35 Gampaha E.P.Nilanthi Female 44 67/5 Belummahara Rajapaksha Mudungoda scope of Road project I realized the limited improvements they are thinking of, if the road is improved with sealing of edge establishing proper road shoulders and making the road surface smooth I understand there will be no negative impact on my petty business. This is my permanent grocery shop. I have been here since 2001. I am able to earn Rs15000 from this business. There is electricity tower and 36 Gampaha P.Champa Female 42 172/2 Godagedara power line nearby my permanent structure. So I hope there is no any Priyadarshani Belummahara negative impact on my structure. I really appreciate about this road’s improvement by RDA Pagoda Pitakotta Road ( B345)

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# DSD Name of the AP Gender Age Address Views of the person I constructed this permanent structure to sell vegetables and groceries about 1m away from the edge of the road in 2015 with the expectation to support my family. I am able to earn Rs6000 from this business. Since it Sri J’pura 175,Pagoda Road, is about 1m away from the road edge, there may be no need to shift it 37 S.S.Siriwardhana 40 Kotte Nugegoda anywhere from the existing location. I perceive this project as beneficial development to the business people in this area. Their customers can reach the business places without having difficulties due to dilapidated roads. I recently (2020) established this movable structure to sell Rambutan. I can earn Rs.20000 from this business. My structure is closed to the edge Sri J’pura 944/B2 Nadimala, of the road but I will volunteer to shift it on the road reservation before 38 S.A.Arfass Male 20 Kotte Dehiwala construction is commenced. My only request is to inform me at least one week ahead of commencement of the construction activities of the road in front of my movable structure This is my income generation source. I started this permanent structure as communication center including stationeries, recharge cards, printouts and photocopy facilities, Reloads as well as king coconut since 2018. When RDA survey team met me first, they talked about improvement to Sri J’pura 168/G Nawala 39 S.K.C.L.Nandani Female 34 this road in front of my store I refused even them to take photo of my Kotte Rajagiriya structure this was mainly due to my thinking that road will be expanded creating full damage to my structure. After their explanation on scope of I Road project I realized the limited improvements they are thinking of, if the road is improved with sealing of edge, establishing proper road

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# DSD Name of the AP Gender Age Address Views of the person shoulders and making the road surface smooth I assume there will be no negative impact on my petty business. Pitakotte Thalawathugoda Road (B368) I have been using this semi-permanent structure to sell lotteries since year 2006. My main income generation is this business. My structure is 185/1 Pannipitiya close to the edge of the road but I don’t have any idea about this Maharaha 40 W.S Mallika Female 33 Road , construction. But, my only request is to inform me at least one week ma Uthuwankanda ahead of commencement of the construction activities of the road in front of my movable structure. Then I can manage it with involvement of my other family members. My permanent structure used to sell religious accessories such as Buddha’s statue, requisites, and robes since 2017. I am able to earn 582/A Madiwela about Rs.20000 per month. My structure is located at the corner of the Maharaga 41 M.R Piyal Male 39 Road , junction. I wish there will be no any negative impact on my structure when ma Thalawathugoda construction is carried out. My only request is to inform me at least one week ahead of commencement of the construction activities of the road in front of my structure. I established this Business structure (permanent) in 2012, I sell Maharaga 559/ Madiwewa , vegetables, fruits, grocery items and earn minimum of Rs50000 a month. 42 A.D.S Kularathna Female 38 ma Thalawathugoda The distance from the edge of road to my structure is 3m. So, I think, there is no any impact during constructions. 559/1 Madiwela My grocery and vegetable business was started in 2010. This is a petty Maharaga 43 M.R Kumara Male 42 Road , business which generates about Rs30000 average income for my family. ma Thalawathugoda My permanent structure is 3m away from road’s edge. So, I kindly make

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# DSD Name of the AP Gender Age Address Views of the person request to inform all of us at least 1 week ahead of the construction work to be commenced. Because I need cover-up my vegetable to protect from dust. I used this permanent structure to sell fruits such as banana, mango, and 558/ Madiwela apple etc. since 2019. According to the details about the proposed road Maharaga 44 W. Barti Fonseka Male 64 Road , rehabilitation program explained by the survey team there will be no ma Thalawathugoda intension to expand the existing width of the road. So my understanding is there will be no negative impact on my petty business. My jack fruit and vegetable business was started recently (2019). This is a petty business which generates about Rs15000 average income for my 92/01 Velsiriri Maharaga K.A.C family. It is a structure with movable facility and it can be further shifted 45 Female 41 Pura,Madiwela,Kott ma Damayanthi depending on the need of the contractors of RDA. We all kindly make e request to inform all of us at least 1 week ahead of the construction work to be commenced.

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Annex VI. Details of the FGDs conducted

FGD 01 Road : Pitakotte Thalawathugoda Road(B368) Date : 22/07/2020 Venue : Maharagama Divisional Secretariat Issues discussed at the FGD  Present physical condition

 Heavy congestion at Thalawathugoda Junction.  Lot of street venders from vehicle occupy the parking spaces in the evening..  The road width is adequate.  Road edge is damaged in some sections near Kimbulawala.  Drainage system is not properly functioning and is lead to spreading of Dengue.  Road is Damaged due to SLT and Water Board Activities  Welipara Connected junction is very congested

 Issues for road users both vehicles and pedestrians

 Not enough bus halt huts and existing halts are also damaged.  Heavy Congestion issues at the morning peak towards Colombo.  Proper public transport (Busses) are not available at regular interval.  Raised walkways are not available and very unsafe environment for pedestrians.  3-Wheelers use the roadside parking spaces and walkways and no space for pedestrians.

 Present maintenance condition of the road

 RDA does not have regular and proper methodology to repair the road.  Drainage system maintenance is not satisfactory.  Some residents have connected the toilet overflow line to the drainage system and no action is taken even after complaining.

 Suggestions for the improvement of the project

 Whole drainage system needs to be properly covered and improve it as a pedestrian walkway  The bridge near the parliament members housing complex should be widned.  Raised walkways near urban areas  Maintain the manholes at the same level of the road surface.  New traffic signal system was proposed at Welipara Junction and Kimbulawala Junction

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 Possible impact during construction phase  Need to put water to the road from time to time during the construction period  After completing the construction, check the road condition frequently and attend for maintainance work  Complete the constructions In time and follow the safety guidelines.  Operate the construction works in the night time. Avoid peak times.

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FGD 02 (3 separate FGDs were conducted at the same day in Sri Jayawardanapura Kotte DS Division covering B345, B368, B062) FGD 02 - I Road : Pagoda Pitakotte Road (B345) Date : 15/07/2020 Venue : Sri Jayawardanapura Kotte Divisional Secretariat Time : 10:00 AM

 Present physical condition

 Width of the carriage way is not enough. Specially the section from the 1st cross street to Nugegoda junction.  During the morning and evening peak hours heavy congestion is observed and it will take about 1.5 hrs to travel from Pitakotte to Nugegoda.  Not enough roadside parking spaces  Not enough width for the pedestrian walkway.  Poor traffic management at the Chandra De Silva Mawatha( Weli Park)  All the drains are blocked and due to the hilly terrain the water flows on the road during the rainy time  Not enough signboards to indicate the by- roads connected junctions along the main road  Overall pavement condition is good but some failures are visible such as potholes

 Issues for road users both vehicle operators and pedestrians

 Not enough bus halt huts and existing halts also damaged.  Drains overflow and difficult to stay at the bus halts during the rainy season  Very difficult to walk on the pedestrian walkway due to vendor activities  Public buses are stopping along the pedestrian walkway; there is no Separated Bus Stand.  Due to many commercial entities sush as banks,private and public offices many people come by bus (163) and there is no enough space for the passengers to wait until the bus arrives at the pitakotte Junction

 Present maintenance condition of the road

 Disappointed about delayed road Maintenance  Maintenance of the road is not at a satisfactory level.

 Suggestions for improvement of the proposed project

 Road should be widened from 1st cross street to Nugegoda..

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 Traffic Signal near the Welipark junction  Provide proper pedestrian walkways even for the busy sections..  Damages to the road due to SLT and Water Board Activities and better to inform them in advance to do their work prior to the commencement of construction.  Steep slope near the Honda Hitha Curd Shop is very dangerous as many accidents took place recently and need to increase safety of adjuct the road profile.

 Possible impact during construction phases

 This road is heavily used as a bypass road  Proper traffic management plan should be followed with advanced information to drivers to avoid heavy congession.  Many bypass roads are available during the construction so the impact will be minimum  Complete the constructions within the time period assigned to the contractors and follow the safety guidelines during construction to prevent possible accidents  Consider special attention to prevent water stagnation and open excavations for long period.

FGD 02 - II Road : Pitakotte Thalawathugoda Road (B368) Date : 15/07/2020 Venue : Sri Jayawardanapura Kotte Divisional Secretariat Time : 10:00 AM

 Present physical condition

 The congestion can be seen on Kimbulawala Junction Specially at the evening peak  Road Width is adequate  Many vehicles are parked on the road in evening peak near Kimbulawala junction walking path  In general overall drainage condition is good.  Road pavement is not smooth

 Issues for road users both vehicle operators and pedestrians

 Roadside vendors have acquired pedestrian walkway and e.g. parking space available.  Proper bus service is not available and people who uses public transport face many difficulties  There are no safety bus halts and bus halt signboards. Especially a bus halt is requested to Kimbulawala junction. 115

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 Present maintenance condition of the road

 Drain maintenance is satisfactory  Road is well maintained By RDA.

 Suggestions for the improvement of project

 Requested for the raised pedestrian walkway with a security fence.  Need a cover slabs for the drainage system and fix it with the same road level  Need to connect the drainage line to the marshy area.  Traffic management plan should be introduced to Kimbulawala Junction.

 Possible impact during construction phases  Explore possibilities to carry out construction works in the night time  There are no alternative roads to be used during the construction period  Complete the constructions work within time stipulated in the contracts and follow the safety guidelines

FGD 02 - III Road : Borella Rajagiriya Road (B062) Date : 15/07/2020 Venue : Sri Jayawardanapura Kotte Divisional Secretariat Time : 10:00 AM

 Present physical condition

 No clear road boundaries marked (Reservation).  Many small vendors have encroached the land on either side of the road reservation  Many shops use the walkway space to display their goods and the space for pedestrians is reduced.  Need traffic Signals at the Welikada Road junction.  The road pavement is not smooth

 Issues for road users both vehicle operators and pedestrians

 No spaces for the pedestrians.  Pedestrian crossings are not available at necessary intervals  Public transport facility is very overcrowded.  Need to construct proper bus halts to stay until the bus arrives.  No space for parking of busses and traffic congestion is observed due to parking of busses near the DS Office

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 Present maintenance condition of the road

 Maintenance work is not upto satisfactory level.  Lot of potholes are there and not repaired.  Railway level crossing place was repaired only after about one year of frequent complaining.

 Suggestions for the improvement of project

 The use of unutilized space under the flyover for parking was proposed.  Request to level the man holes at the center of road to the same road level  Requested to remove all the unauthorized buildings on RDA reservation.  Possible impact during construction phases  There are alternative roads such as Parliament road that can be used during the construction period.

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 FGD 03

Road : Malabe Kaduwela Road (B263) Date : 29/07/2020 Venue : Kaduwela Divisional Secretariat Issues discussed at the FGD  Present physical condition

 Heavy traffic near Malabe Junction.  Not enough road width. Should go for road widening and Need a 4-lane road.  Drainage system is not properly functioning throughout the road length.

 Issues for road users both vehicles and pedestrians

 Not enough bus halt huts and existing halts are also damaged.  Heavy Congestion issues at the morning peak towards Colombo, Especially at the Pittugala, Chandrika Kumarathunga Mawatha and Malabe Junction.  Public bus service is not available after 8 PM  Raised walkways are not available and very unsafe environment for pedestrians.

 Present maintenance condition of the road

 Participants were not in a satisfactory level regarding the RDA’s Maintainance  Specially drainage system maintenance is not satisfactory.

 Suggestions for the improvement of the project

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 Whole drainage system needs to be properly covered and improve it as a pedestrian walkway  Need to consider the LRT Line and its location to have a smooth shift from bus or vehicle to LRT  Need Traffic Signals at Chandrika Kumarathunga Mawatha  Need pedestrian overpass near SLITT Campus  The capacity is not adequate and need a four lane road.  Possible impact during construction phase  Water should be used to control dust during construction period.  There are no alternative roads to use for the users of this road during the construction period.  Need a proper traffic management plan during construction especially at the morning peak.

FGD 04 Road : Kelaniya Mudungoda Road (B214) Date : 12/08/2020 Venue : Biyagama Divisional Secretariat  Present physical condition

 Raisin water get stagnated along the road even in a small rain and the specific areas that get easily inundated are as follows i. Siyambalape to Daranagama ii. Near Yatihena Punyawardanaramaya Temple iii. Near Viharamaha Devi Child Orphanage iv. Delgoda Town 119

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v. In front of Coca Cola factory  Section from Mabima Junction to Bollegala the road was damaged to lay the water pipes and it was not properly renovated.  Continuous drains are not available and they are not connected. Some ad hoc drains are available in scatted locations and not connected to main streams.  In some sections of the road are with uneven corrugated road surface (observed by participants). These are observed especially at the area near Biyagama beer Factory.  Many unauthorized buildings (Specially Commercial Structures) are built on the RDA Reservation.  The participants have identified that some of the road structures specially the culverts are blocked by the residents to avoid water passing to their private lands . some of the identified locations are i. Near Delgoda Filling Station ii. Near Manelwatta Temple iii. Near Jayanthi Mawatha iv. Near Coca Cola Factory

 Issues for road users both vehicle operators and pedestrians

 The Pedestrians are faced with many difficulties during rainy seasons as the road shoulder is filled with water  Many accidents occur due to pedestrians walking on the carriage way as the shoulder is filled with water.  Heavy Congestion on Biyagama and Delgoda areas.  No space for pedestrians  Frequency of busses are very low.  Panadura – Kandy (17) Busses are going in high speed and not safe for pedestrians with present lane arangements

 Present maintenance condition of the road

 The maintenance of the road by the authorities is not up to satisfactory level.

 Suggestions for the proposed project

 It was suggested to construct drains along the road in both sides and fill the soft shoulder to that level so that pedestrians can move safely.  Rukgahawatta Bridge is damaged and its steel is corroded. Also the bridge is narrow and should be replaced  Drains to be covered with cover slabs for safe pedestrian movement  It was proposed by the participants to drain all the water collected to Negombo lagoon at several places. 120

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 All the unauthorized vendors and buildings should be removed.  Shelters at bus halts are not available and need to mark the bus halts out side of the traffic lane.  Road to be raised at some places where it gets flooded during rainy seasons  Possible impact during construction phase  Promote the construction to be carried out during night times to have a smooth traffic flow at day time  The contractor should work on schedule and complete the work on agreed period while maintaining the quality of construction.  There must be a good traffic management plan during the construction.

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FGD 05 Road : Kelaniya Mudungoda Road (B214) Date : 12/08/2020 Venue : Gampaha DS Office  Present physical condition

 Weliweriya town is heavily congested at every time  Capacity of some of the culverts along the road is not adequate. Specaily at Godagedara Temple, Alwala Town.  Capacity of the road is not enough.  Most of the pedestrian crossings in the rathupswala and weliweriya area is not properly placed  Shoulder of the road has washed away in some sections.

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 Road Signs are not visible at night and to be placed in proper locations when rehabilitation activities are carried out  Some culverts are very old and the capacity is not enough.  Bridge near the Mudungoda junction is narrow

 Issues for road users both vehicle operators and pedestrians

 Road Signs are not visible at night and to be placed in proper locations when rehabilitation activities are performed.  In the congested areas many shops keep their boards and selling items displayed on the pedestrian walkway and therefore, as the space is not available pedestrians use the carriageway.  Bus halt shades are not available and difficult to wait until a bus arrives in rainy weather.  Traffic signal timings are not optimized and it has created congestion in peak hours at Mudungoda Junction.

 Present maintenance condition of the road

 Participants were not happy regarding the maintenance by the authorities and even after informing them about the potholes it takes months to repair them.  Cleaning of earth drains are not considered in RDA maintenance.

 Suggestions for the improvement project

 The safety of the road users must be increased.  Hairpin bend at the weliwatta road should be smoothened as frequent accidents are observed. Recent accident was reported losing 7 lives.  Road Signs are not visible at night and to be placed in proper locations when rehabilitation activities are carried out.  At Kochchikade town wide walkways are needed.  Road capacity at the kochchikade is not adequate and need to widen the road with at least 4 lanes and parking bays.  Parking on the carriageway should be restricted.  The participants highlighted the need of proper drainage system and the improved drainage should be covered with concrete slabs.

 Possible impact during construction phases  During the construction the contractor should make sure that the temporary access are provided for the residents in the area.  Major construction works should be carried out at night.  Hazard lights and belts should be used to indicate the construction area. 123

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 It was proposed to inform the residents in the area in advance to commencement of construction so that they can schedule their activities and special events.  Many utility lines are laid under the road surface and the contractor should be careful to avoid disturbances to services.

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FGD 06 Road : Kelaniya Mudungoda Road (B214) Date : 11/08/2020 Venue : Mahara DS Office

 Present physical condition

 Culverts are blocked and drainage system related issues can be seen speacially near the Naranwala Filling Station and Udupila Town.  Road width is not adequate to cater the high volume of vehicles at the city ( Udupila)  Road surface is not very bad  No proper drainage system is available in the road section in general  Road surface is damaged frequently due to high volume of container trucks.  Facilities for the pedestrians are not available.  Accidents are common near the Hunuporanuwa Junction

 Issues for road users both vehicle operators and pedestrians

 During the morning and evening peak times heavy congestions are observed  Pedestrian crossings are not available at necessary places.  Bus halts are not marked and the busses are stopping in ad hoc manner  Street lights are not available and the participant proposed to have street lighting

 Present maintenance condition of the road

 The authorities are involved in regular maintenance work but these activities are not sufficient to have good condition road.

 Suggestions for the improvement of project

 Participant proposed to have a street lighting to be maintained by the RDA and not by local government.  The requirement of traffic signals at Udupila junction was highlighted.  The requirement of the pedestrian crossings were highlighted in below locations. i. Chithasamadiguruge Road connected junction. ii. Udupila Rural hospital road connected junction. iii. Near 18 th Mile Post. iv. Near Polhena Kade. v. Near Madduma Bandara School.  Water board is currently laying pipes along this road and have proper coordination and start the construction only after all the connections are given to the requested people.  Culvert at Udupila junction is not adequate and the location gets flooded frequently due to filling of marshy lands by unauthorized buildings. 125

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 Create a link with all the stakeholders such as Agrarian Service, CEB, Water Board, local government, DS office and Grama Niladari.

 Possible impact during construction phases  Need to have proper coordination with the DS office, Local government, water boards CEB.  Night time construction activities are preferred.

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