Weed Discrimination Using Ultrasonic Sensors
INSIGHTS DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3180.2011.00876.x Weed discrimination using ultrasonic sensors D ANDU´JAR*, A ESCOLA` , J DORADO* & C FERNA´NDEZ-QUINTANILLA* *Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, CSIC, Madrid, Spain, and Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain Received 11 March 2011 Revised version accepted 7 June 2011 Subject Editor: Peter Lutman, UK sis revealed that the ultrasonic data could separate three Summary groups of assemblages: pure stands of broad-leaved A new approach is described for automatic discrimina- weeds (lower height), pure stands of grasses (higher tion between grasses and broad-leaved weeds, based on height) and mixed stands of broad-leaved and grass their heights. An ultrasonic sensor was mounted on the weeds (medium height). Dynamic measurements con- front of a tractor, pointing vertically down in the inter- firmed the potential of this system to detect weed row area, with a control system georeferencing and infestations. This technique offers significant promise for registering the echoes reflected by the ground or by the the development of real-time spatially selective weed various leaf layers. Static measurements were taken at control techniques, either as the sole weed detection locations with different densities of grasses (Sorghum system or in combination with other detection tools. halepense) and broad-leaved weeds (Xanthium strumar- Keywords: weed species discrimination, site-specific ium and Datura spp.). The sensor readings permitted the weed management, wide-row crops, ultrasound detec- discrimination of pure stands of grasses (up to 81% tion, patch, sonar. success) and pure stands of broad-leaved weeds (up to 99% success). Moreover, canonical discriminant analy- ANDU´JAR D, ESCOLA` A, DORADO J&FERNA´NDEZ-QUINTANILLA C (2011).
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