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A SURVEY of HISTORICAL TOPONOMASTICS a Survey of Historical Toponomastics

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A SURVEY OF HISTORICAL TOPONOMASTICS A SURVEY OF HISTORICAL TOPONOMASTICS A Survey of Historical Toponomastics Editor: Éva Kovács Peer review by: Sándor Maticsák English Language Editor: Donald E. Morse Translation by Pál Csontos, Brigitta Hudácskó, Zoltán Simon, and Balázs Venkovits Debrecen University Press 2017 Publications of the Hungarian Name Archive Vol. 44 Series Editors: István Hoffmann and Valéria Tóth This work was carried out as part of the Research Group on Hungarian Language History and Toponomastics (University of Debrecen — Hungarian Academy of Sciences). © Respective authors, 2017 © Debrecen University Press, including the right for digital distribution within the university network, 2017 ISBN 978-963-318-659-6 ISSN 1789-0128 Published by Debrecen University Press, a member of the Hungarian Publishers’ and Booksellers’ Association established in 1975. Managing Publisher: Gyöngyi Karácsony, Director General Production Editor: Barbara Bába Cover Design: Gábor Gacsályi Printed by Kapitális Nyomdaipari és Kereskedelmi Bt. Contents Preface ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 11 1� CHARTERS AS SOURCES OF NAME-HISTORY Hoffmann, István: On the Linguistic Background of Toponymic Remnants in Charters ���������������������������������������������������������������������� 13 Szőke, Melinda: The Relationship Between the Latin Text and Toponymic Remnants ����������������������������������������������������������������������� 14 Kenyhercz, Róbert: The Philological Aspects of Transcription Practices in Medieval Charters �������������������������������������������������������� 15 Bába, Barbara: A Special Field for the Use of Geographical Common Words: Medieval Charter Writing Practices �������������������� 16 Szőke, Melinda: On the Founding Charter of the Abbey of Bakonybél Dated 1037 ��������������������������������������������������������������������� 17 Pelczéder, Katalin: The Philological Source Value of the Census of the Abbey of Bakonybél ������������������������������������������������� 18 Kovács, Éva: On the Text Integration Procedures of the Toponymic Elements in the Founding Charter of the Abbey of Százd �������������� 19 Szőke, Melinda: On the Philological Source Value of the Founding Charter of the Abbey of Garamszentbenedek ���������������������������������� 20 Kovács, Éva: A Linguistic Study of the Census of the Abbey of Tihany (1211) ������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 21 Kovács, Éva: Philological Issues in the Census of the Abbey of Tihany (1211) ������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 22 Reszegi, Katalin: On the Question of the Length of Old Oronyms ������������ 23 Slíz, Mariann: Bynames and the Practice of Charter Writing �������������������� 24 2. TOPOnyMIC STUDIES In Charters Hoffmann, István: The Toponymic Remnants in the Founding Charter of the Abbey of Tihany from an Onomatosystematical Perspective ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 25 Kovács, Éva: The Toponymic Remnants in the 800-hundred-year Old Cen sus of the Abbey of Tihany from an Onomatosystematical Perspective ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 26 5 holler, László: Identifying the Location of the mortis Real Estate in the Founding Charter of the Abbey of Tihany (1055) ��������������������������� 27 holler, László: Identifying the Location of Two Real Estates in the Founding Charter of the Abbey of Tihany (1055) ��������������������������� 29 Kovács, Éva: The Description of Gamás Estate in the Census of the Abbey of Tihany (1211) ������������������������������������������������������������������� 30 Szőke, Melinda: The Description of Talmach Estate in the Charter of Garamszentbenedek ������������������������������������������������������������������������� 31 holler, László: Anonymus and “The City of Cleopatraˮ ��������������������������� 32 Bíró, Ferenc: Toponyms in 13th Century Charters from the Heves County Archives ������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 33 3. OnOMASTICS AnD history Rácz, Anita: historical Demography and Toponomastics ������������������������� 35 hoffmann, István–Tóth, Valéria: Viewpoints on the 11th-Century Linguistic and Ethnic Reconstruction ��������������������������������������������� 36 Rácz, Anita: The Change and Interpretation of Ethnicities and Ethnonyms �������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 37 Póczos, Rita: The Linguistic and Ethnic Relation of the Inhabitants of Borsod Comitat in the Árpád Era ����������������������������������������������������� 38 Póczos, Rita: Reflections of Ethnic Relations in Toponymic Models ��������� 39 Rácz, Anita: names of Turkish Ethnicities in Old hungarian Proper Names ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 40 Bölcskei, Andrea: Place names Derived from Tribal names and Ethnonyms in the British Isles �������������������������������������������������� 41 Slíz, Mariann: name history, Geneology and Micro-history ������������������� 42 Botár, István: Questions Regarding the Settlement history of Csík in the Árpád Age in Light of Toponyms and Archaeological Data ����� 43 K� Németh, András: Regenkes alias Koppankes ���������������������������������������� 45 Bölcskei, Andrea: On the Collection and Analysis Criteria of historical Place names with References to Ecclesiastical Possession ������������ 46 Bölcskei, Andrea: Types of Medieval English Place names Reflecting the Status of the Church as Possessor ���������������������������������������������� 47 Bölcskei, Andrea: Toponymic Traces of Celtic Religiosity in the British Isles �������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 48 4. ISSUES OF toponyMIC TyPOLOGy Kovács, Éva: An Examination of the Characteristics of the Toponym Systems in Charters Dating Back to the Age of the Árpád Dynasty ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 49 6 Rácz, Anita: historical Typological Characteristics of Settlement Names Originating from Ethnonyms and Names of Tribes ������������ 50 Rácz, Anita: Linguistic Questions Regarding Toponyms Originating from Names of Tribes ���������������������������������������������������������������������� 51 Tóth, Valéria: On the Changes of Patrociny Settlement names ���������������� 52 Hoffmann, István: Szentmárton in Hungarian Toponyms ������������������������� 53 Reszegi, Katalin: Meaning Split as a Mode of Place name Formation ������ 56 Bába, Barbara: The name-Forming Role of Geographical Common Words in Old hungarian ������������������������������������������������������������������ 57 Reszegi, Katalin: Meaning Extension of Place names ������������������������������ 58 Bölcskei, Andrea: On the Diachronic Analysis of Spontaneous Settlement name Correlations ��������������������������������������������������������� 59 Csomortáni, Magdolna: Remarks on the Changes Occurring in the Lexical-Morphological Structure of the Toponyms of Csík County ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 60 Csomortáni, Magdolna: Folk Etymological Changes in the Microtoponym Systems of Csík County ����������������������������������������� 61 hegedűs, Attila: Event names in Old and Middle hungarian Microtoponyms �������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 62 Ditrói, Eszter: A Model-Based Study of Toponym Systems ���������������������� 63 Tóth, Valéria: Archaisms and neologisms in hungarian Place names ����� 64 5� TOPOFORMANTS Bába, Barbara: The Definition of Geographical Common Word ��������������� 67 Reszegi, Katalin: Bérc, hegy and halom in Old hungarian Toponyms ����� 68 Kovács, helga: Castle names Ending in Lexeme kő �������������������������������� 69 hoffmann, István: Tracing a Forgotten Geographical Common Word ������ 70 Győrffy, Erzsébet: The Geographical Common Words ér, sár, and víz in hungarian River names in the Period of the Árpád Dynasty ��������� 72 Tóth, Valéria: The ‑falva > ‑fa Transformation in the Hungarian Settlement names ���������������������������������������������������������������������������� 73 Bába, Barbara: The Topoforming Role of Tree names in Early Old Hungarian ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 74 Bényei, Ágnes: Old hungarian Topoformants and Their Allomorphs ������ 75 Bényei, Ágnes: Once More about the ‑d Topoformant ������������������������������ 76 Tóth, Valéria: On the Onomastic Role of the Possessive Suffix‑é ������������ 77 6. PERSOnAL nAMES AnD PLACE nAMES Tóth, Valéria: Theoretical Issues in Personal name-Giving and Personal name-Usage ��������������������������������������������������������������������� 79 7 Mozga, Evelin: On the Analysis of the Anthroponyms in the Census of the Abbey of Tihany (1211) ��������������������������������������������������������� 80 Slíz, Mariann: Interrelationships of Patrociny Place names and the Frequency of Personal names ��������������������������������������������������������� 81 Mozga, Evelin: Aspects to the Study of Old hungarian Anthroponyms with ‑s/‑cs Formants ������������������������������������������������������������������������ 82 Gulyás, László Szabolcs: Serf Migration and Personal name-Giving in Bács and Bodrog Counties in Early 16th Century ������������������������ 83
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    Land Reform and the Hungarian Peasantry c. 1700-1848 Robert William Benjamin Gray UCL Thesis submitted for a PhD in History, 2009 1 I, Robert William Benjamin Gray, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. 25th September 2009 2 Abstract This thesis examines the nature of lord-peasant relations in the final stages of Hungarian seigneurialism, dating roughly from 1700 to the emancipation of the peasantry in 1848. It investigates how the terms of the peasants’ relations with their lords, especially their obligations and the rights to the land they farmed, were established, both through written law and by customary practice. It also examines how the reforms of this period sought to redefine lord-peasant relations and rights to landed property. Under Maria Theresa land reform had been a means to protect the rural status quo and the livelihood of the peasantry: by the end of the 1840s it had become an integral part of a liberal reform movement aiming at the complete overhaul of Hungary’s ‘feudal’ social and economic system. In this period the status of the peasantry underpinned all attempts at reform. All reforms were claimed to be in the best interests of the peasantry, yet none stemmed from the peasants themselves. Conversely, the peasantry had means to voice their grievances through petitions and recourse to the courts, and took the opportunity provided by the reforms to reassert their rights and renegotiate the terms of their relations to their landlords.
  • Chronicle of Cruelties

    Chronicle of Cruelties

    CHRONICLE OF CRUELTIES ROMANIAN MISTREATMENT OF THE HUNGARIAN MINORITY IN TRANSYLVANIA by Dr. Arpad Kosztin Translated from the Hungarian by Eva Barcza Bessenyey UNEDITED PREPUBLISHING VERSION FOR HOMEPAGE ONLY ORIGINAL TITLE: MAGYARELLENES ROMÁN KEGYETLENKEDÉSEK ERDÉLYBEN ISBN 963 8363 72 X A Publication of the BIRO FAMILY BUDAPEST PLEASE NOTE: THE PAGE NUMBERS WILL BE DIFFERENT IN THE FORTHCOMMING BOOK 2 CONTENTS Contents 3 Ferenc Bartis: About the author 4 Preface 6 I. Introduction 10 II Romanian Atrocities before Horea-Closca 18 III The peasant revolt of Horea-Closca-Crisan 24 IV The freedom fight of 1848-49 32 V Romanian atrocities before and after WW I 43 VI Romanian atrocities during and after WW II-1956 74 VII During and after the 1956 Revolution 109 VIII Countermeasures after 1956 118 IX Romanian atrocities after 1989 133 Epilogue 147 Bibliography 149 Notes 167 3 The accuser shows mercy As strange as it may seem, the author of this indispensable and inevitable book, dr. Arpad Kosztin, does show mercy: he does not accuse, does not point a finger but gives us a work of factual history. And this is important for this painful objectivity gives the measure of the work's credibility. Our author does not have to be introduced to our readers for everyone knows his book on the debunking of the Daco-Roman theory (entitled the Daco-Roman Legend, it was published in English in 1997 by Matthias Corvinus Publishing, in the USA and Canada); on Romania's expansion into Transylvania; as well as his numerours lively and outspoken but profound essays and articles in the daily press.