Educational Psychology Cognitive Views of Learning
1. In an effort to remember how to spell "rhinoceros," Samantha writes the word 30 times. She is using a technique known as: a. maintenance rehearsal b. elaborative rehearsal c. chunking d. priming
2. The tendency to immediately recall the first and last items in a list better than the middle items is known as the ______effect. a. spacing b. priming c. serial position d. next-in-line
3. A day after the attacks of 9/11, Dr. Wittenbrink asked students to describe "where they were and what they were doing" when they learned of the attacks. Twelve months later students were asked the same question to see how their memory had changed. This research was conducted to test the existence of: a. flashbulb memoeries b. procedural knowledge c. priming d. imagination inflation
4. Your understanding that 2 + 2 = 4 and that George Washington was the first president of the United States represents ______memory. a. procedural b. semantic c. episodic
6 Ted asks Krystal to say the words, 'hop,' 'pop,' and 'mop.' Then, Ted asks Krystal, "What do you do at a green light?" Krystal quickly replies, "Stop," (instead of the right answer: "Go") because of: a. priming b. schemata c. explicit memory
7 Answering the question “what did you have for dinner last night?” would rely on your ______memory while being more likely to order pizza 30 minutes after seeing several Papa John’s commercials (even if you don’t remember seeing them) is an example of ______memory. a. implicit; explicit b. explicit; implicit c. long-term memory; working memory d. working memory; long-term memory
8 Alec still remembers how to ride a bicycle, even though it has been three years since he rode. The memory system most directly involved here is a. episodic. b. procedural. c. semantic. d. short-term.
9. In ______processing we tend to perceive individual features and then combine them into a coherent perception. For example if we take the individual features of eyes, chin, nose, and mouth separately and then put them together to perceive a “face”. a. prototypical b. bottom-up c. top-down d. gestalt
10. What you are thinking about right now is being held in what type of memory? a. Long-term b. Schematic c. Sensory d. Working
11. Propositional networks are defined most accurately as a. a process by which verbal information reaches short-term memory. b. a technique used to increase the capacity of short-term memory. c. the organization of information according to its meaning. d. the process by means of which information reaches the sensory register.
12. Marc starts talking to Wynoma about the field trip to the zoo, which reminds him of the book he read on tigers last week. He concludes by telling Wynoma that the new library is very easy to use. This phenomenon illustrates the concept of a. construction of the working memory. b. deactivation of the active memory. c. reconstruction of the working memory. d. spread of activation. 13. Which of the following best illustrates the concept of metacognition for a student studying her “9’s” in multiplication? a. Suzie demonstrates her memory of multiplication tables by making a 95% on her exam b. Suzie knows that the best way for her to study her multiplication tables is by making flashcards and then studying them 20 times each c. Suzie studies enough that her recall is “automatic”
14. Josh’s history teacher wants Josh to learn important events that occurred during the Civil War. What type of knowledge would be most directly involved in this learning? a. Conditional declarative b. Domain-specific declarative c. General declarative d. Procedural declarative
15. Johnny is about to have a test on multiplication for the number 9. As the teacher is handing out the exam Johnny is repeating to himself… “9 X 1 is 9, 9 X 2 is 18, 9 X 3 is 27…” in hopes that the information will be available for quick recall on the exam. What part of working memory is Johnny using as he repeats his multiplication table? a. phonological loop b. visuospatial sketchpad c. central executive d. none of the above