Advanced Physiology Of Exercise

Cardiovascular Physiology Study Guide Test 3

Functional Capacity of the Cardiovascular System 1. Be able to define and understand the function of the following in the process of gas exchange: partial pressure, diffusion, hemoglobin, Bohr effect, myoglobin 2. Be able to calculate partial pressures given concentrations of gasses and total pressures. 3. Know the partial pressures of O2 and CO2 in tracheal air, alveolar, arterial blood and venous blood. 4. Understand the process of diffusion at the lung site and the tissue site. 5. Know the O2 carrying capacity of Hb and the amount of O2 carried in 100 ml of blood. Understand the arteriovenous oxygen difference and know normal values for rest and exercise. 6. Understand the O2 dissociation curve. 7. Be able to define the following: cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, A-V O2diff. Know the mathematical relationship between these variables and VO2. 8. Know typical and expected values for the above variables at rest and at maximal effort. Know the effect of gender, training level, genetics, active muscle mass, and aging on these variables. 9. Know the normal distribution of blood flow throughout the body under resting and exercise conditions (know what tissue beds receive high flow and low flow, and how this changes from rest to exercise). 10. Understand the concept of cardiovascular drift. Know the proposed mechanism accounting for CVD. 11. Know the major cardiovascular factors that determines one’s capacity to perform aerobic work or that determine the maximal capacity to deliver O2 to the tissues. 12. Understand the mechanisms of exercise induced hypoxemia and be able to identify the population that is most likely to be affected. 13. Understand the role of the autonomic nervous system in controlling the peripheral circulation. 14. Understand the effect of pressure loading and volume loading activities on heart size. 15. Understand the role of exercise in causing acute cardiovascular events. Below is a schedule of readings for the remainder of the semester. All the articles listed below are on the web page for this course. My expectation is that you read and be able to discuss each article on the indicated date.

Date Readings Wednesday, April 1 1. History of Predicting Maximal Heart Rate 2. Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate 3. Heart Rate Variability in Athletes Monday, April 6 1. Cardiovascular Drift 2. Thermoregulation During Exercise in the Heat

Wednesday, April 8 1. Determinants of Maximal O2 Consumption 2. Rate and Mechanism of VO2max Decline with Aging Monday, April 13 1. Cardiovascular Adaptations to Physical Training 2. Does the Human Heart Fatigue Subsequent to Prolonged Exercise? Wednesday, April 15 1. Effects of Skeletal Muscle Demand on Cardiovascular Function 2. Oxygen Uptake and Heart Rate Kinetics during Heavy Exercise: Arms vs. Legs Monday, April 20 1. Exercise Induced Hypoxemia 2. Effect of Exercise Induced Arterial Desaturation on VO2max Wednesday, April 22 1. Resistance Training and Cardiac Hypertrophy 2. Echocardiographic Characteristics of Professional Football Players. Monday, April 27 1. Exercise and Acute Cardiovascular Events 2. Sudden Death in Athletes Wednesday, April 29 Test 3