1. the Above Map Illustrates a False Theory of Human Migration to the Americas. Using Your

1. The above map illustrates a false theory of human migration to the Americas. Using your knowledge of human history, explain the fallacy.

a. Humans did not cross a land bridge from Siberia to the Americas, as evidenced by prehistoric boating artifacts found on the coast of British Colombia.

b. Humans did not sail to the Americas from Japan, as there is no genetic evidence of Japanese ancestory found in the DNA of the Clovis people.

c. Evidence found on the eastern coast of the United States indicates that all indigenous people of the Americas originally came here from Europe across the Atlantic Ocean in sailboats.

d. None of the above.

2. Humans inhabitation of the Americas began around

a. 10,000 years ago

b. 15,000 years ago

c. 5,000 years ago

d. 30,000 years ago

3. What is the most likely reason that elaborate civilizations developed in South America, but not in North America.

a. North American societies were too primitive to develop into large urbanized civilizations. b. Human beings always migrate southward when following large herds of animals, as they are dependent upon the migratory patterns of large game for their survival.

c. As humans entered the Americas during the last Ice Age, much of North America was still covered in an ice sheet. This forced people to move southward, thus the population of South and Central America are older and had more time to develop complex societies.

d. The immigrants to South America came across the Pacific from Japan much sooner than the Siberian tribes that migrated to North America.

4. Squash was grown in both Mesoamerica and the area that is now the northeastern United States. What possibility does this indicate to an historian?

a. Squash is a common vegetable to all regions of the world and can be grown anywhere.

b. Crop simililarities in diverse areas indicates the presence of trade systems.

c. The climates of Mesoamerica and the northeastern US were very similar when farming began there 10,000 years ago.

d. Migratory bird populations aid in the development of cultivars through their southward migration patterns.

5. Based on the map and your knowledge of the history of the Americas, where did farming first develop here?

a. Along the Andes Mountain range

b. In present-day Mexico c. In the northeastern section of the present-day United States

d. In the southwestern region of the present-day United States

6. The majority of the Americas did not adopt an agricultural lifestyle. Based on this observation and your knowledge of history, what does this indicate?

a. Most regions of the Americas are not suitable for agriculture.

b. Traditional hunter-gatherer lifestyles were largely successful across the Americas, thus there was little need to adopt farming.

c. There were too few crop cultivars available in the Americas, making farming difficult.

d. Indigenous tribes felt a deep affinity for the land and animals, thus they felt farming and the domestication of wildlife was sacrilegious.

7. The tribe associated with the above sculpture is best known for

a. their sacrificial rituals in which they tore the hearts out of live victims.

b. being a mysterious civilization of ancient Mexico.

c. their close ties to the people of Easter Island.

d. their domination of the Andes Mountain region. 8. The above illustration of Tenochtitlán indicates

a. An architicturally advanced society capable of draining a large area of marshy land to build a city.

b. A strong warrior society dependent upon slave labor and tribute to maintain its power.

c. The presence of a polytheistic religion that requires human sacrifice of living beings.

d. None of the above.

9. The Mexica were

a. a warrior society that ruled the Yucatán Peninsula before the rise of the Mayan Empire.

b. a warrior society that came to power in the area of present-day Mexico City around 1200 AD.

c. a warrior society in the Andes Mountains that used both persuasion and violence to convince smaller tribes to join their empire.

d. a warrior society in the Southwestern United States that build elaborate apartment complexes in cliffsides. 10. Christopher Columbus’s voyages to the Americas were important in human history because

a. He discovered the Americas, which were unknown to any Europeans before that time.

b. He claimed much of the Americas for Spain, allowing for the growth of one of the largest Empires in human history.

c. He proved that the world was round and India could be reached by sailing westward from Europe.

d. He claimed the Caribbean Islands for Italy.

11. Compare Prince Henry of Portugal’s motivations for exploration with those of his contemporaries.

a. Henry was searching for a sea route to the Americas, unlike his peers, who were primarily concerned with reaching Asia.

b. Henry was looking to find an easier route around Africa to reach the wealthy spice trade of Australia.

c. Henry intended to explore Africa primarily to obtain wealth for the Portuguese through gold, but also to spread Christianity. Unlike his peers, he was not looking for a sea route to Asia. d. None of the above.

12. Early exploration of the world was precipitated by the need to

a. Convert native peoples to Christianity and find gold.

b. Find a sea route to India and China after access to the Silk Road was restricted by Islamic Caliphates.

c. Find a water passage across North America.

d. Find open land for colonization and settlement due to overpopulation in Europe.

13. The Spanish came to view the Americas as

a. A potential route for reaching India.

b. A source of tremendous wealth in slave labor, gold, and silver.

c. A source of conflict with Portugal.

d. A place to empty its debtor’s prisons.

14. Africans were primarily brought to the “New World” in order to

a. replace the indigenous slaves who had been devastated by European diseases.

b. allow Portugal to continue its domination of sub-Saharan Africa.

c. ensure the health and survival of indigenous peoples that were not used to the heavy work load of slavery.

d. All of the above.

15. The English were unique in their desire to settle in the Americas because they

a. wanted to find a Northwest Passage across the New World.

b. came to the Americas for both profit and religious freedom.

c. only came to the Americas to hunt and trap beaver.

d. came to the Americas to convert natives to Christianity, obtain gold, and gain personal glory.