Science Anchors

S.A The Nature of Science S.A.1. Reasoning and Analysis S11.A.1.1 (3.2.4.A) Identify and explain the pros and cons of applying scientific, (3.2.4.C) environmental, or technological knowledge to possible solutions to (3.8.4.C) problems.

S11.A.1.2 (3.1.4.C) Recognize and describe change in natural or human-made systems (3.1.4.E) and the possible effects of those changes. (4.7.4.B) (4.8.4.A) (4.8.4.C) S.A.2. Processes, Procedures, and Tools of Scientific Investigations S11.A.2.1. (3.2.4.C) Apply skills necessary to conduct an experiment or design a solution to solve a problem.

S11.A.2.2 (3.7.4.A) Identify appropriate instruments for a specific task and describe the (3.7.4.B) information the instrument can provide.

S.A.3. Systems, Models, and Patterns S11.A.3.1 (3.1.4.A) Identify systems and describe relationships among parts of a familiar (3.6.4.A) system (e.g., digestive system, simple machines, water cycle). (3.6.4.B) (3.6.4.C) (4.4.4.C) (4.6.4.A) (4.6.4.B)

S11.A.3.2 (3.1.4.B) Use models to illustrate simple concepts and compare the models to (4.3.4.C) what they represent. .

S11.A.3.3 (3.1.4.C) Identify and make observations about patterns that regularly occur (3.2.4.B) and reoccur in nature. S.C Physical Sciences

S.C.1. Structure, Properties and Interactions of Matter and Energy S11.C.1.1 (3.2.4.B) Describe observable physical properties of matter. (3.4.4.A)

S.C.2 Forms, Sources, Conversions, and Transfer of Energy S11.C.2.1 (3.4.4.B) Recognize basic energy types and sources, or describe how (3.4.4.C) energy can be changed from one form to another.

S.C.3 Principles of Force and Motion S11.C.3.1 (3.2.4.B) Identify and describe different types of force and motion, or (3.4.4.C) the effect of the interaction between force and motion. (3.6.4.C)

Adopted Math Anchors Adopted Reading Anchors Science Standards 3.8 Science, Technology and Human Endeavors

3.8.10. GRADE 10 3.8.12. GRADE 12

A. Analyze the relationship between societal demands and A. Synthesize and evaluate the interactions and constraints of scientific and technological enterprises. science and technology on society. 1. Identify past and current tradeoffs between increased 1. Compare and contrast how scientific and production, environmental harm and social values (e.g., technological knowledge is both shared and increased energy needs, power plants, automobiles). protected. 2. Compare technologies that are applied and accepted 2. Evaluate technological developments that have differently in various cultures (e.g., factory farming, changed the way humans do work and discuss their nuclear power). impacts (e.g., genetically engineered crops). 3. Describe and evaluate social change as a result of 3. Evaluate socially proposed limitations of scientific technological developments. research and technological application. 4. Assess the social impacts of a specific international environmental problem by designing a solution that applies the appropriate technologies and resources. B. Apply the use of ingenuity and technological resources to solve specific societal needs and improve the quality of B. Analyze how human ingenuity and technological life. resources satisfy specific human needs and improve the 1. Apply appropriate tools, materials and processes to quality of life. solve complex problems. 1. Identify several problems and opportunities that exist in 2. Use knowledge of human abilities to design or your community, apply various problem-solving methods modify technologies that extend and enhance human to design and evaluate possible solutions. abilities. 2. Analyze a recently invented item, describing the human 3. Apply appropriate tools, materials and processes to need that prompted its invention and the current and physical, informational or biotechnological systems potential social impacts of the specific invention. to identify and recommend solutions to international 3. Apply knowledge of oceanography, meteorology, problems. geology and human anatomy to explain important 4. Apply knowledge of agricultural science to develop a considerations that need to be made for construction of solution that will improve on a human need or want. homes, buildings and businesses in the United States. 4. Assess the impacts that agricultural science has had on meeting human needs and improving the quality of life. C. Evaluate the consequences and impacts of scientific and technological solutions. C. Evaluate possibilities consequences and impacts of 1. Propose solutions to specific scientific and scientific and technological solutions. technological applications, identifying possible 1. Relate scientific and technological advancements in financial considerations. terms of cause and effect. 2. Analyze scientific and technological solutions 2. Describe and evaluate the impacts that financial through the use of risk/benefit analysis. considerations have had on specific scientific and 3. Analyze and communicate the positive or negative technological applications. impacts that a recent technological invention had on 3. Compare and contrast potential solutions to society. technological, social, economic and environmental 4. Evaluate and describe potential impacts from problems. emerging technologies and the consequences of not 4. Analyze the impacts on society of accepting or keeping abreast of technological advancements (e.g., rejecting scientific and assessment alternatives, risks, benefits, costs, technological advances. economic impacts, constraints 3.3. Physical Science, Chemistry and Physics

3.4.10. GRADE 10 3.4.12. GRADE 12

A. Explain concepts about the structure and properties of matter. A. Apply concepts about the structure and properties of matter. 1. Know that atoms are composed of even smaller sub-atomic 1. Apply rules of systematic nomenclature and formula writing structures whose properties are measurable. to chemical substances. 2. Explain the repeating pattern of chemical properties by using 2. Classify and describe, in equation form, types of chemical the repeating patterns of atomic structure within the periodic and nuclear reactions. table. 3. Explain how radioactive isotopes that are subject to decay 3. Predict the behavior of gases through the use of Boyle’s, can be used to estimate the age of materials. Charles’ or the ideal gas law, in everyday situations. 4. Explain how the forces that bind solids, liquids and gases 4. Describe phases of matter according to the Kinetic Molecular affect their properties. Theory. 5. Characterize and identify important classes of compounds 5. Explain the formation of compounds and their resulting (e.g., acids, bases, salts). properties using bonding theories (ionic and covalent). 6. Apply the conservation of energy concept to fields as diverse 6. Recognize formulas for simple inorganic compounds. as mechanics, nuclear particles and studies of the origin of 7. Describe various types of chemical reactions by applying the the universe. laws of conservation of mass and energy. 7. Apply the predictability of nuclear decay to estimate the age 8. Apply knowledge of mixtures to appropriate separation of materials that contain radioactive isotopes. techniques. 8. Quantify the properties of matter (e.g., density, solubility 9. Understand that carbon can form several types of coefficients) by applying mathematical formulas. compounds.

B. Analyze energy sources and transfers of heat. B. Apply and analyze energy sources and conversions and their 1. Determine the efficiency of chemical systems by relationship to heat and temperature. applying mathematical formulas. 1. Determine the heat involved in illustrative chemical 2. Use knowledge of chemical reactions to generate an reactions. electrical current. 2. 3. Evaluate energy changes in chemical reactions. Evaluate mathematical formulas that calculate the efficiency 4. Use knowledge of conservation of energy and of specific chemical and mechanical systems. momentum to explain common phenomena 3. Use knowledge of oxidation and reduction to balance 5. (e.g., refrigeration system, rocket complex reactions 6. propulsion). 4. Apply appropriate thermodynamic concepts (e.g., 7. Explain resistance, current and electro-motive force conservation, entropy) to solve problems relating to energy (Ohm’s Law). and heat.

C. Distinguish among the principles of force and motion. 1. Identify the relationship of electricity and magnetism as two aspects of a single C. Apply the principles of motion and force. electromagnetic force. 1. Evaluate wave properties of frequency, wavelength and speed 2. Identify elements of simple machines in compound as applied to sound and light through different media. machines. 2. Propose and produce modifications to specific mechanical 3. Explain fluid power systems through the design and power systems that will improve their efficiency. construction of appropriate models. 3. Analyze the principles of translational motion, velocity and 4. Describe sound effects (e.g., Doppler effect, acceleration as they relate to free fall and projectile motion. amplitude, frequency, reflection, refraction, 4. Analyze the principles of rotational motion to solve problems absorption, sonar, seismic). relating to angular momentum, and torque. 5. Describe light effects (e.g., Doppler effect, 5. Interpret a model that illustrates circular motion and dispersion, absorption, emission spectra, acceleration. polarization, interference). 6. Describe inertia, motion, equilibrium, and action/reaction 6. Describe and measure the motion of sound, light and concepts through words, models and mathematical symbols. other objects. 7. Know Newton’s laws of motion (including inertia, action and reaction) and gravity and apply them to solve problems related to forces and mass. 8. Determine the efficiency of mechanical systems by applying mathematical formulas. D. Explain essential ideas about the composition and structure of the universe.  Compare the basic structures of the universe (e.g., galaxy types, nova, black holes, neutron stars).  Describe the structure and life cycle of star, using the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. D. Analyze the essential ideas about the composition and  Describe the nuclear processes involved in energy structure of the universe. production in a star.  Analyze the Big Bang Theory’s use of gravitation and  Explain the “red-shift” and Hubble’s use of it to nuclear reaction to explain a possible origin of the determine stellar distance and movement. universe.  Compare absolute versus apparent star magnitude and  Compare the use of visual, radio and x-ray telescopes to their relation to stellar distance. collect data regarding the structure and evolution of the  Explain the impact of the Copernican and Newtonian universe. thinking on man’s view of the universe.  Correlate the use of the special theory of relativity and  Identify and analyze the findings of several space the life of a star. instruments in regard to the extent and composition of the solar system and universe.