Nevada Discovery Museum Lesson Plan

Created by Cathy Jacobson Lesson Title Catapulting Content Area Science; History Grade Level(s) Pre-K-12

NDM Exhibit Davinci Room - Trebuchet

Timeline 2 hours prep for background research 30 minutes at the museum 2 hours to build trebuchet’s 2 hours to fire trebuchet’s Learning Goals Content Objectives: Language Objectives Students will be able to build a trebuchet, & Students will be able to use their new explain how it works. vocabulary to present the results of their Students will be able to explain how projects Leonardo DaVinci is important to the world of machines. Nevada Forces and Motion (Physical Science Unifying concept B): The laws of motion are used to Standards describe, the effects of forces on the movement of objects. P.PK.2 Explore and demonstrate how objects move

21st Century Refer to the NETS-S/P21 Correlation document Skills and Creativity: Use information to create a trebuchet Themes Communication and Collaboration: Students will work in teams to research, build and use the trebuchet, and present their findings in a multimedia presentation. Research and Information Fluency: Students will use the resources in this document to investigate, organize, synthesize and evaluate information regarding trebuchets. Critical Thinking and Decision Making: Students will manage and plan, and collect and analyze data, in the process of investigating and building their trebuchets.

Lesson created for the Tech Café @ Nevada Discovery Museum Nevada Discovery Museum Lesson Plan

Overview or Students will investigate catapults focusing on trebuchets. They will research the history of Project Sketch these machines, how they were used, what they are made of and how they work. Then they will go to the museum to investigate the trebuchet at the museum. When they return to their classrooms they will build a trebuchet and compete against their classmates to see which trebuchet throws the farthest. They will then present what they learned using multimedia for which possibilities include but are not limited to Animoto, Glogster, video, powerpoint, voicethread.

Instruction 1. Take the Poll Everywhere quiz about DaVinci and Trebuchet’s. You will need to click on one of the links below the questions, then open a new tab and click: http://www.polleverywhere.com/cjacobson a. Who is Leonardo DaVinci? http://www.polleverywhere.com/free_text_polls/LTExNDAzMzQ3NzA b. What is Leonardo DaVinci famous for? http://www.polleverywhere.com/free_text_polls/LTY0NzIzNDY3OA c. What is a trebuchet? http://www.polleverywhere.com/free_text_polls/LTE5ODE1MTMwNTA 2. As the answers appear on the screen have students in pairs to discuss the answers and create a concept map of what they have learned on Bubbl.US. This information will be used to help them process what they are learning. 3. Next you will have them explore the Glog at the following link: http://cdjacobson.edu.glogster.com/trebuchet-davinci This glog takes them through a variety of resources about DaVinci and trebuchet’s. By the end of this exploration, the students should be able to more thoroughly answer who Leonardo DaVinci was, what he is famous for and what a trebuchet is. 4. Finally, you will show them the punkin chunkin videos. You will want to make sure you play the videos prior to the students coming in so that you may pause, them after the commercials. http://science.discovery.com/videos/punkin-chunkin-2009-trebuchets.html 5. Go to the Museum. Have the students do the Museum Activity at this link: https://www.dropbox.com/s/qezytoeka382d0j/Museum%20Activity.pdf 6. Build the trebuchet. The links below are suggestions for building a trebuchet. Encourage your students to test their trebuchets and make adjustments as needed to make them throw further. http://www.instructables.com/id/How-to-Make-a- Trebuchet/?ALLSTEPS http://www.mikesenese.com/DOIT/2011/10/palm-sized-print- and-cut-paper-trebuchet/ http://www.stormthecastle.com/trebuchet/how-to-make-a- trebuchet-out-of-popsicle-sticks.htm 7. Have the students fire their trebuchet’s and record their results on the board at the front of the class. Have them do 3 trials and then let them make adjustments to their trebuchets. The recommendation is to only adjust one part at a time. Do atleast 4 launches of 3 trials each. 8. Students will present what they learned for this project per the rubric at this link: https://www.dropbox.com/s/kcsi11ubpe1ka9p/trebuchet%20rubric.pdf They may use Animoto, PowerPoint, Glogster, Windows Live Movie Maker, Voice Thread to complete their presentations.

Lesson created for the Tech Café @ Nevada Discovery Museum Nevada Discovery Museum Lesson Plan

Preparation 1. You will want to have a way for the students to access the glog which would be a computer lab, laptop lab or IPad lab. The address for the glog could be bookmarked on each device. Please make sure you test the glog link prior to using it. 2. If you are using IPads, you will need to have an app that can access Flash. I use ISwifter, which is a browser that allows you to have full access to websites that use Flash. 3. You will need to make sure you have all of the items in order for the students to build the trebuchets. These are listed on the lesson plans that are attached and depend on which trebuchet you decide to build.

Management For the castle game you will have to install shockwave, so you will want to test this site prior to using it. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/lostempires/trebuchet/destroywave.html

Connections to Students will be able to describe how a trebuchet works, what they have been used for and Prior their place in history. The initial lesson will provide the students with time for researching Knowledge/ catapults and trebuchet’s.. Building Background Starting with a warm-up regarding what they already know about catapults. Followed by a brief video on “Punkin’ Chunkin’” Then they will use the glog to build background knowledge of catapults/trebuchets.

“Punkin’ Chunkin’ “ videos The glog which connects to all of the websites needed.

Assessment Use Poll Everywhere to check for understanding. Warm-ups for lessons will include journaling and think pair share square. http://science.discovery.com/tv/punkin-chunkin/quiz/trebuchet-quiz.html Final project: build a trebuchet, test how far it can throw, compare to other trebuchets in the class, complete a comprehensive presentation of all that was learned about DaVinci and the trebuchet.

Resources/Tool Computers – lab, Ipads, Glog poster: http://cdjacobson.edu.glogster.com/trebuchet-davinci

Punkin Chunkin video: http://www.mikesenese.com/DOIT/2010/12/tuning-a-trebuchet/ http://www.mikesenese.com/DOIT/2009/11/how-those-crazy-punkin-chunkin-machines- work-cannons-trebuchets-centrifugals-and-onagers-behind-the-chunk/ http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/places/culture-places/sports/us_catapultpumpkins/ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iG2c9e7UAXY

History of the Trebuchet Lesson created for the Tech Café @ Nevada Discovery Museum Nevada Discovery Museum Lesson Plan

http://www.redstoneprojects.com/trebuchetstore/trebuchet_history.html

Leonardo DaVinci http://www.mos.org/sln/Leonardo/InventorsWorkshop.html http://www.redstoneprojects.com/trebuchetstore/leonardo.html http://www.redstoneprojects.com/trebuchetstore/davincidefensivetrebuchet.html http://www.diaryof1.com/2008/02/17/leonarhttp://www.mos.org/sln/Leonardo/LeoHomePage .htmldo-da-vinci-for-kids-2/

Building a Trebuchet http://www.stormthecastle.com/trebuchet/trebuchet-plan.htm plans for trebuchet http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qCLVF7zjk0c http://www.instructables.com/id/Build-a-trebuchet-in-five-minutes/?ALLSTEPS http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k5-z3jk5_tE

Math/Physics of Trebuchet http://www.algobeautytreb.com/ The math of the trebuchet http://www.sewanee.edu/physics/PHYSICS103/trebuchet.pdf Physics of the trebuchet http://www.real-world-physics-problems.com/trebuchet-physics.html http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2010/11/the-physics-of-punkin-chunkin/

How a trebuchet works http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/lostempires/trebuchet/trebworks.html http://www.globalspec.com/trebuchet/ Game to help students design a good trebuchet

TPACK Read text, view presentations and videos, and research prior to visiting the museum. Activities Field Trip, additional research, and collect data while visiting the museum. Build a model, collect data, and create a presentation after visiting the museum.

Differentiation Students can choose/be assigned to build a more complex trebuchet. Resources are presented at a variety of reading levels so that material can be adjusted for students as needed. For example, some of the reading material discusses the physics of the trebuchet including calculations. Videos will assist in making a connection between vocabulary and meaning. Students will be able to choose what they do for their final projects

Closure and Throughout the project students will reflect on various aspects of the project. In addition, Reflection students will do a final presentation to demonstrate what they have learned from doing this project.

Lesson created for the Tech Café @ Nevada Discovery Museum