Notes: Surface Water

Notes: Surface Water Name: ______I. Where is all the water? Oceans: ______% II. Where is all the Fresh Water? Ice: ______% Ice: ______% Groundwater: ______% Groundwater: ______% Salty lakes and Streams: ______% Lakes and Streams: ______% Freshwater lakes and streams: ______% Atmosphere: ______% Atmosphere: ______% III. When it rains it either ______the ground OR it remains on the ______, usually in motion. IV. What is a watershed? It is an area that ______to a stream.

What is a divide? Watershed ______or divides are ______.

V. What is the name of the bay whose watershed we are in? ______.

Label the parts of the river system Source Meander Drainage Divide Tributary Oxbow Lake Flood Plain Delta Mouth

VI. Streams are constantly changing. Describe each stage of a stream: A. Young stream: ______. B. Mature stream: ______. C. Old stream: ______.

V. What is a meander? ______.

A. What is a cut bank? Where the ______away, ______moving water. B. What is a point bar? The ______of the curve where ______is being ______. Slower water with less ______. C. How do rivers become straight again? A ______forms. Over time the meander gets ______. It gets so curvy two cut banks ______. Eventually, none of the water goes around the meander anymore. The left over lake is an ______.

OXBOW Lake formation:

VI. Flood Plain: A flat or ______around a river, where a river flows during flooding. A. What is a delta? Flood plains at the ______(where a river ends) of rivers. B. ______form when rivers drop (deposition) the soil/sediments at the base of the mountain. VII. Rivers carry sediment. The three types of loads are: __ ___ : At the bottom include ______, ______, & ______. _____ : in the middle include ______and ______. : includes ______. The faster the velocity of the water, the ______the load.

VIII. Factors that influence flooding: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. IX. What chance does a 10 year flood have of occurring each year? ______

SOL Review: Rivers cut ______shaped canyons and valleys. Glaciers cut ______shaped canyons and valleys.