Indirect Statement

Verbs of saying, thinking, knowing, believing, etc. are often followed in English by a clause beginning with the word that. e.g. I believe that you will do well on the National Latin Exam. The students said that they had studied for their test. He thinks that indirect statement is lots of fun.

In Latin, an infinitive, with an accusative subject, is used instead of a “that clause” to express an indirect statement. e.g. Magistra putat omnes discipulos Latinam amare.

Common verbs that introduce indirect statement: dico credo puto scio sentio audio spero

Formation of Infinitives: Present active: 2nd principal part Present passive: 2nd principal part, change final e to i. Except short ere verbs (3rd conj) drop ere, add i

Perfect active: 3rd principal part, add sse Perfect passive: 4th principal part, separate word – esse

Future active: 4th principal part, insert –ur-, separate word – esse

Form all five infinitives for the verb amo, amare, amavi, amatus (love)

Present Active______Passive ______Perfect Active ______Passive ______Future Active ______

Form all five infinitives for the verb vinco, vincere, vici, victus (conquer)

Present Active______Passive ______Perfect Active ______Passive ______Future Active ______Translation Examples: When the introductory verb is present tense, translate the infinitive according to its tense as usual.  Romulus putat Romanos filias Sabinorum amare (present infinitive). Romulus thinks that the Romans ______the daughters of the Sabines.  Romulus putat Romanos filias Sabinorum amavisse (perfect infinitive). Romulus thinks that the Romans ______the daughters of the Sabines.  Romulus putat Romanos filias Sabinorum amaturos esse (future infinitive) Romulus thinks that the Romans ______the daughters of the Sabines. When the introductory verb is past tense, translate the infinitive this way:  Romulus putavit Romanos filias Sabinorum amare (present infinitive – same time as main verb – past tense). Romulus thought that the Romans ______the daughters of the Sabines.  Romulus putavit Romanos filias Sabinorum amavisse (perfect infinitive – time before main verb – use ‘had’ as a helping verb). Romulus thought that the Romans ______the daughters of the Sabines.  Romulus putavit Romanos filias Sabinorum amaturos esse (future infinitive – time after main verb – use ‘would’ as a helping verb). Romulus thought that the Romans ______the daughters of the Sabines.

1. Romulus dicit se magnam urbem aedificare posse.

2. Sabini audiverunt finitimos uxores petere.

3. Scimus Romanos filias Sabinorum rapuisse.

4. Tarpeia putat milites sibi magnum praemium daturos esse.

5. Feminae speraverunt viros non pugnaturos esse.

6. Omnes crediderunt Romulum deum factum esse.