Evolution and Change Over Time Test Study Guide

1. Was Earth cold or hot when it was first being formed?

2. Did Earth have oceans when it was first created? ______Why or why not? ______

3. What was occurring on Early earth? ______, ______, ______

4. What kind of gases were probably in the early atmosphere? ______

5. How old is Earth? ______

6. How old are earth’s oldest rocks? ______

7. Who proposed the first life on earth was as a primordial soup? ______

8. Who was able to create organic molecules in a lab? ______

9. When life comes from nonliving material, this is called ______.

10.Which scientist did a meat and maggots experiment? ______

11.Who boiled a broth to eliminate microorganisms? ______

12.What gases did Miller and Urey use in their experiment? ______

13.What were the first cells on earth? ______

14.What kind of bacteria live in very harsh environments? ______

15.What is the theory that showed how eukaryotic cells were created? ______

16.Who proposed this theory? ______

17.What is the name of the land mass when all the continents were together? ______

18.When the continents move, the crust is in several moving pieces, which is the study of ______

19.What are fossils? ______

20.Who studies fossils? ______

21.What are some examples of fossils? ______

22.Where do fossils form? ______

23.Earth’s calendar is called the ______. 24.What are the four eras of Earth’s history? ______, ______, ______, and ______

25.Which era are we in right now? ______

26.Which type of dating does not give you an actual age? ______Which one gives an absolute age? ______

27.The decay rate of a radioactive isotope is called the ______.

28. When you can blend in with your surroundings you are demonstrating ______.

29.When you can resemble another species you are showing ______.

30.Change over time is called ______.

31.Who proposed natural selection? ______

32.What does natural selection mean? ______

33.What are 3 things that have to be present for natural selection to occur? ______, ______, and ______

34.Do individuals evolve or entire species? ______

35.Where did Charles Darwin go to make his observations? ______What did he observe while there? ______

36.What was the name of his book? ______

37.Who studied human populations (had an effect on Darwin)? ______

38.The ability to survive and reproduce in an environment is an organism’s ______.

39.When you have structures that come from the same tissue but do different things, what kind of structure is that? ______

40.When you have structures that come from different tissue but do the same thing, these are called ______.

41.When you have structures that are no longer used but are still inherited they are ______. What are some examples? ______

42.What are the two types of adaptations an organism can have? ______and ______

43.The study of embryos is called ______.

44.All the genes in a population is a ______.

45.The movement of genes in and out of a population is called ______. 46.The % of an allele in a population is the ______.

47.What are two ways a population can have genetic variation? ______and ______.

48.What kind of populations does genetic drift affect? ______

49.When you have long stable periods interrupted by short bursts of rapid change, this is called ______.

50.Forming a new species is called ______.

51.What are the three types of isolation? ______, ______, ______

52.During gradualism, is evolution occurring fast or slow? ______