Study Guide for Second Test for Dance History

Study guide for second test for Dance History

1. Renaissance is a French terms that means rebirth.

2. Monasteries became centers for learning and evolved into universities.

3. The hymn that focused on the Virgin Mary and influenced knights to become devoted to their ladies is “Ave Maria.”

4. In Italy, the dominate artists during the Renaissance were Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael and Michelangelo.

5. St. Augustine from around A.D. 300 considered dancing and singing to be a pagan custom and performers were not allowed to be baptized or buried in consecrated soil.

6. From about the tenth century until the thirteenth century, three types of drama emerged from the church to educate the masses. They were mystery, miracle and morality plays.

7. The most well-known dance from dance mania is the tarantella.

8. Intermedio was the interlude between acts of plays and when an intermedio was performed at a banquet-ball, it was considered to be the forerunner of ballet.

9. In France, during the 17th century, Louis XIV was known as the Sun King.

10. Catherine de Medici came from a powerful Italian family and married French Royalty and brought the Italian ballet with her.

11. Jehan (Thoinet) Arbeua was a dancing master and priest who compiled a manual on dance. This book was an important factor in transferring the power of dance from Italy to France.

12. Pierre Beauchamps was the person who is credited with the clarification of the five positions of the feet for ballet.

-1- 13. Mademoiselle La Fontaine was the first female professional dancer. 14. In the 17th century in Europe shoes advanced to having an inch or one and a quarter inch heel. Nobility distinguished themselves by wearing red heels.

15. Le Ballet-Comique de la Reine was considered to be the first ballet produced in Europe and was based around the legend of the Greek enchantress, Circe.

16. At the beginning of the 18th century, the Paris Opera was established and professional dance stars of both genders emerged.

17. Marie Camargo was the dancer who is credited with changing dance costumes for ballet by shortening her skirt and wearing flat slippers.

18.Marie Sallé is the dancer who is credited with changing costumes for ballet by wearing clothes that fit the theme of the ballet rather than the fashion of the current period.

19. The dance that was a symbol of aristocracy was the minuet.

20. The European stage in the 18th century was lit by a chandelier which hung over the center of the stage.

21. If the European audience of the 18th century did not like the performance, they would throw fruit at the performers.

22. The dance which prompted the production of La Sylphide which paved the way for the romantic era of ballet was Dance of the Dead Nuns.

23. Some historians credit Carlotta Grise with being the first ballerina to dance en pointe and other historians credit Russian ballerina Anna Pavlova with being the ballerina responsible for creating the point shoe. The development of pointe technique and the pointe shoe itself is the result of the contributions of many ballerinas.

-2- 24. Carlo Blasis invented the ballet position of attitude. 25. The large curtain which separates the audience from the stage was developed in the 19th century to protect the audience in case of fire from the new form of gas lighting used on stage.

26. The word waltz in German means turn.

27. The ballet considered to be the oldest surviving ballet is La Sylphide.

28. The ballet considered to holds the distinction of being the first ballet to be a non-narrative ballet blanc and called romantic reverie is Les Sylphides.

29. The name of the dance, without a plot, featuring four of the greatest ballerinas of the 19th century to show off their unique talents is Pas de Quatre.

30. The 19th century choreographer who created more than fifty ballets among them what we now consider to be the classics of ballet is Marius Petipa.

31. The person who developed a method of ballet instruction that is still used today and published A Manual of the Theory and Practice of Classical Theatrical Dancing is Enrico Cecchetti.

32. The Maryinsky Theatre was originally known as the Imperial Ballet of Russia and is most commonly known by its former Soviet name, the Kirov Ballet.

33. The country credited for giving birth to tap dancing is America.

34. The three groups of countries that melded to create tap dancing are England, Ireland and Africa.

35. The dance, the Lancashire clog, is from England.

36. The jig is from Ireland.

-3- 37. The sounds produced from the wooden clogs in the seventeenth century were called shoe music. 38. The original shoes used for tap were clog shoes and were called sabots.

39. The kind of wood used for clogs and wooden heels is maple.

40. Metal taps were not available for shoes until 1915.

41. The three criteria for judging of the Irish jig are style, timing and clarity of sound.

42. The passage of the African people from Africa to America in the 17th century took about four to six months.

43. The captive Africans were brought up to the top of the deck of the ship to perform their dances to maintain their physical health.

44. The famous dance credited to the black slaves of America from the 17th century is the cakewalk.

45. The prize for the winners of the competitions of the cakewalk between plantations was a cake.

Essay question for credit. 10 points.

1. Discuss the creation of the dance, The Cake Walk which is credited to the African slaves who worked in the houses of plantation owners.

-4- Essay question for credit. 15 points.

2. Ancient Egypt had slaves from other countries as well as America having slaves from Africa. Egyptians danced for religious communication and American in the 17th century danced socially. The slaves of danced for the entertainment of both societies. Postulate on any societal conditions which would account for this practice.

Essay question for 20 points.

3. Discuss the development of the pointe shoe and include the influence of the romantic period.

. Essay question for ten points.

4. Marius Petipa choreographed over fifty dances during his career. List the five dances which are still performed today that were discussed in class and listed in the textbook.

Don Quixoté, La Bayadère, The Sleeping Beauty, Cinderella and Swan Lake