Table S1 Pollinator Observations for Loasoideae Species Considered in This Study (Pollinator

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Table S1 Pollinator Observations for Loasoideae Species Considered in This Study (Pollinator

Table S3 Pollinator observations for Loasoideae species considered in this study (Pollinator code: Bo = Bombus, Ce = Centris, Ch = Chilicola, Col = Coleoptera, Di = Diptera, Eu = Eucerini, Hu = Hummingbird, Le = Lepidoptera, Pa = Passerines, Sro = small rodent, Xy = Xylocopa). Numbers refer to the literature listed under the table. Observations made for this study are indicated with X.

Species Sro Hu Pa Hymenoptera Di Le Col Bee Apidae Colletidae Megachilidae Halictidae Fam. Gen. Gen. sp. sp. Bo Ce Eu Xy Ch Gen. sp. Gen. sp. Gen. sp. Blumenbachia insignis 1, 4,10, 12 1, 10, 12 10, 12 5 Blumenbachia silvestris 11 10, Caiophora arechavaletae 12 10, 12 Caiophora canarinoides 1 Caiophora carduifolia (1) 1 Caiophora carduifolia (2) 1 Caiophora cernua 3 11 6, 10, 6, Caiophora chuquitensis 3, 6, 11 11 6 11 10 6, 10 Caiophora cirsiifolia (1) 1 1 Caiophora cirsiifolia (2) 1 Caiophora cirsiifolia (3) 1 1 Caiophora cirsiifolia (4) 1 1 6, Caiophora clavata 3 6 10 6, 10, 11 1, 3, 1, 2, 3, Caiophora coronata 11 6 1, 3 1 2, 8 2, 3 Caiophora dumetorum 11 Caiophora hibiscifolia 7, 11 6 6 Caiophora lateritia 1, 3, 11 9 11 11 11 11 Caiophora madrequisa 1 Caiophora nivalis 1 Loasa acanthifolia 1, 8,10 1, 10 Loasa acerifolia 11 Loasa bergii 5 11 11 X 5 Loasa heterophylla 2, 8 8 8 2, 8 Loasa pallida 11 Xylopodia klaprothioides 1

Literature:

1. Ackermann M, Weigend M (2006) Nectar, floral morphology and pollination syndrome in Loasaceae subfam. Loasoideae (Cornales). Ann. Bot. 98: 503- 514. 2. Arroyo MTK, Primack R, Armesto J (1982) Community studies in pollination ecology in the high temperate Andes of central Chile 1. Pollination mechanisms and altitudinal variation. Am. J. Bot. 69: 82-97. 3. Cocucci AA, Sérsic AN (1998) Evidence of rodent pollination in Cajophora coronata (Loasaceae). Pl. Syst. Evol. 211: 113-128. 4. Compagnucci LA, Roig Alsina A (2008) Nuevos Leioproctus Smith de la Argentina correspondientes a los subgéneros Spinolapis Moure y Perditomorpha Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Colletidae). Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Nueva Serie 10: 319-327. 5. Devoto M (2006) Interacciones planta - polinizador a lo largo de un gradiente ambiental: una aproximación en escala de comunidad [Magister thesis. Buenos Aires, Argentina: Universidad de Buenos Aires. 130 p. 6. Harter B (1995) Blütenökologie einiger von Bienen und Kolibris bestäubter Cajophora-Arten (Loasaceae) [Diploma thesis. Tübingen: University of Tübingen. 63 p. 7. Harter B, Schlindwein C, Wittmann D (1995) Bienen und Kolibris als Bestäuber von Blüten der Gattung Cajophora (Loasaceae). Apidologie 26: 356-357. 8. Montalva J, Vial P (2012) Abeja de Chile. (accessed 18.02.2014) http://abejasdechile.blogspot.de 9. Sargent RD, Otto SP (2004) A phylogenetic analysis of pollination mode and the evolution of dichogamy in angiosperms. Evol. Ecol. Res. 6: 1183-1199. 10. Schlindwein C (2000) Verhaltensanpassungen oligolektischer Bienen an synchrone und an kontinuierliche Pollenpräsentation. In: Breckle SW, Schweizer B, Arndt U, editors. Ergebnisse weltweiter ökologischer Forschung. Stuttgart: Verlag Günter Heimbach. pp. 235-250. 11. Strelin MM, Benitez-Vieyra S, Ackermann M, Cocucci A (2016) Flower reshaping in the transition to hummingbird pollination in Loasaceae, subfam. Loasoideae despite absence of corolla tubes or spurs. Evolutionary Ecology 30: 401-407 12. Wittmann D, Schlindwein C (1995) Melittophilous plants, their pollen and flower visiting bees in Southern Brazil. 1. Loasaceae. Biociências 3: 19-34.

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