The American Pageant Chapter 33 Reading Guide

The American Pageant Chapter 33 Reading Guide Vocabulary London Economic Conference Good Neighbor Policy Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act Rome-Berlin Axis Johnson Debt Default Act Neutrality Acts of 1935, ‘36, & ‘37 Abraham Lincoln Brigade Quarantine Speech Appeasement Hitler-Stalin Pact Neutrality Act of 1939 Kristallnacht War Refugee Board Lend-Lease Bill Atlantic Charter Pearl Harbor

Reading Questions 1. What was the goal of the London economic conference in 1933? What are the consequences for Roosevelt's "every man for himself" attitude? 2. Explain the Tydings-McDuffie Act of 1934, and it's affect on the region. 3. Roosevelt's formal recognition of the Soviet Union was both controversial and farsighted. What were his motivations? 4. What seems to be a motivating factor behind Roosevelt's "Good Neighbor" policy? In what countries did U.S. actions match FDRs words? 5. How was the Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act of 1934 part of the New Deal? What were the short-term and long-term effects of this landmark legislation? 6. The section "Storm-cellar Isolationism" is very important. Identify the "have-not" nations, their leaders, and the alliances between these nations. 7. How did the "have-nots" challenge the League of Nations, and world peace in the first half of the 1930s? Their actions led to “strong nationwide sentiment…for a constitutional amendment to ______.” 8. Who are the "merchants of death," what were they (illogically) blamed for, and how does Congress react? 9. Why was American neutrality short-sighted strategically and morally? 10. How was neutrality challenged, and even strengthened, by the Spanish Civil War of 1936-39? How did isolationism condemn democracy to death? 11. In the section "Appeasing Japan and Germany," what two actions by Japan, in 1937, actually deepened American isolationism? 12. From that same section, make a timeline chronicling Hitler's rise and expansion in Europe. How do world powers react, especially in Munich in September 1938? 13. Why was the nonaggression (Hitler-Stalin) pact between Hitler and Stalin so dangerous? What was the end result of this fateful agreement? When does WWII officially start? 14. How does American neutrality change in 1939? Explain the "cash and carry" provision. How did this affect the depression in the U.S.? 15. Describe the transition of American policy of arms sales to warring nations from 1925 through 1940. 16. Define "phony war." Next, identify the path of destruction that Germany laid in Western Europe in spring of 1940 through the surrender of France (provide the month each nation fell). 17. Why is France's surrender a wake-up call for the US? How, specifically, does FDR and Congress begin to prepare the US for war? 18. Why is the story of the St. Louis such a tragedy? What blame should FDR get for this (your opinion)? 19. Describe the Battle of Britain. 20. Who were the Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies and the America First Committee, and what were their stances on US neutrality? 21. How does FDR ultimately help Britain? What say did Congress have in this? 22. Who was the Republican challenger to FDR in 1940? What were his pros and cons? 23. What were the reasons Americans elected FDR for a third term? 24. Found in the section "A Landmark Lend-Lease Law," explain the garden hose analogy. 25. What did the Lend-Lease Act do and why was this a momentous shift in US policy? How does Hitler react (*hint: the Robin Moor)? 26. When/how is the Hitler-Stalin pact punctured? What saves the Soviet Union from falling to the Nazis? 27. What was the Atlantic Conference of 1941, who was there, and what document came out of this meeting? 28. What is the purpose of the Atlantic Charter and what were its provisions? 29. FDR decided to use the convoy to shepherd Lend-Lease merchant ships heading to Iceland, to help Britain. Describe the escalation in US "neutrality" in the fall of 1941. 30. FDR had continued to supply Japan with steel, iron, oil, and gas well into 1940, despite Japan's aggression in Asia and the Pacific. Why? How does this policy change? 31. Describe the negotiations between the US and Japan in late 1941. Why, from Japan's perspective, did they fail? 32. What happened on "Black Sunday," December 7, 1941? How does Congress react? 1,000,000 x 0 bonus points to whoever can tell me the lone representative that did NOT vote for war. 33. How did we end up at war with Europe's dictators when it was Japan who attacked us?