To Evaluate and Compare the Two Non-Radiograph Methods

RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCINCES BANGALORE, KARNATAKA.

MASTERS OF DENTAL SURGERY(M.D.S.)

DEPARTMENT OF PEDODONTICS AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY

A.E.C.S. MAARUTI COLLEGE OF DENTAL SCIENCES & RESEARCH CENTRE, BANGALORE. RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCINCES BANGALORE, KARNATAKA. ANNEXURE-II

SYNOPSIS FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT FOR DISSERTATION

1. NAME OF THE CANDIDATE AND DR. PRASHANTH. S ADDRESS(IN BLOCK LETTER) DEPARTMENT OF PEDODODONTICS AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY AECS MAARUTI COLLEGE OF DENTAL SCIENCES AND RESEARCH CENTRE, BANGALORE.

2. NAME OF THE INSTITUTION AECS MAARUTI COLLEGE OF DENTAL SCIENCES AND RESEARCH CENTRE # 108, BTM 6TH STAGE, 1ST PHASE, HULIMAVU TANK BUND ROAD, OFF. BANNERGHATTA ROAD, BANGALORE-76

3. COURSE OF THE STUDY AND SUBJECT MASTER OF DENTAL SURGERY (MDS) PEDODONTICS AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY

4. DATE OF ADMISSION TO THE COURSE 16/04/2009

5. TITLE OF THE TOPIC TO COMPARE AND EVALUATE TWO NON-RADIOGRAPHIC METHODS OF PREDICTING PERMANENT TOOTH SIZE IN MIXED DENTITION. 6. BRIEF RESUME OF THE INTENTED WORK.

6.1 NEED FOR THE STUDY

Dental arch dimensions is of primary concern to a pediatric dentist who occupies a pivotal position in providing a smooth transition from the primary, through the mixed to the permanent dentition. Predicting the size of unerupted teeth during the mixed dentition period is a critical factor in managing the developing the occlusion of a growing child. Mixed dentition space analysis is an important criterion in determining weather the orthodontic treatment plain is going to involve serial extraction, guidance of eruption, space maintenance, space regaining or just periodic observation the patient. The determination of the tooth size arch length discrepancy in mixed dentition requires an accurate prediction of the mesio-distal widths of unerupted permanent teeth. Inappropriate mixed dentition space analysis could lead to extraction decisions that negatively alter a patients soft tissue patient profile.1 The most commonly used non radiographic tooth size prediction methods are Tanaka and Johnston’s Prediction Equations and Moyers Proportionality tables. These methods are applicable to European ancestory with good accuracy, as they were derived from population of North European ancestory. 2 However it is questionable and there is a paucity of information regarding its reliability when its applied to other ethnic group.1 The present study aims to evaluate the reliability of the Moyers Proportionality tables and the Tanaka and Johnston’s equations amongst Indian population. 6.2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE

6.2.1 Two mixed dentition prediction methods Tanaka and Johnston and the Boston university prediction methods were compared. It was concluded that Tanaka and Johnston could be used when the four mandibular incisors were completely erupted, where as Boston university method could be used when all the deciduous canine and first molars were still present.4

6.2.2 Tanaka and Johnston is based on data obtained from a sample of children of northern European descent. The accuracy of this method when applied to a different ethnic population is questionable. In this study 201 dental plaster cast of Asian –pacific American subjects, all of whom were under the age of 21 years were used. The actual measurements were compared with the predicted values derived from the Tanaka and Johnston equations and significant differences were found.5

6.2.3 A study produced simple linear regression equations to be used for mixed dentition space analysis for males and females, in a population living in north eastern Thailand. The regression produced predictions of mesio-distal width summations for maxillary and mandibular canine and premolar arch segments that were slightly different from other reported Asian studies. Moyers prediction tables at the 50th percentile were found to under-estimate tooth size summation compared with the present investigation.3

6.2.4 The reliability of the Moyers prediction tables and the Tanaka and Johnston equation were evaluated in a Jordanian population. It was found that Tanaka and Johnston prediction method was not accurate, however Moyers method for prediction could be used for Jordanian children at different probability levels for male and female subjects.2

6.2.5 The reliability of prediction tables of Moyers mixed dentition analysis was tested in school children of Belgaum, and a regression equations was derived to be used for space analysis in this specific population. A differences was noted with predicted values from the Moyers tables and that of the present investigation which is the result of racial and ethnic diversity.1 6.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

 To evaluate the reliability of Tanaka and Johnston equation in school children of rural Bangalore.  To evaluate prediction tables of Moyer’s mixed dentition analysis in school children of rural Bangalore.  Comparison of Tanaka and Johnston equation and Moyer’s mixed dentition analysis, its applicability and reliability in rural Bangalore school going children.

7. MATERIAL AND METHODS

7.1 SOURCE OF DATA: This study will be conducted in 800 healthy school children aged between12-16 years in rural Bangalore.

7.2 METHODOLOGY: School children from rural Bangalore aged between 12-16 years will be included in this study. Impression of the both upper and lower dental arch will be taken and dental cast will be poured with dental stone. Mesiodistal dimension of mandibular permanent incisors, maxillary and mandibular permanent canine, First and second premolars will be measured using digital caliper calibrated to 0.01mm resolution. The actual teeth measurements will then be compared with the predicted values derived from the Tanaka and Johnston’s equation and Moyers probability tables. The result will be tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis.

7.3 INCLUSION CRITERIA:  Caries free, periodontally intact permanent teeth (excluding third molar) should be present.  The teeth should be in occlusion.  Both the patient and their parent should be domicile of that area.  Patient with prior consent from parents and school will be included.

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:  Congenital craniofacial or dental anomalies.  Medically unfit patient.  Previous history of orthodontic treatment.  Age related attrition.

7.4 MATERIAL REQUIRED  Irreversible hydrocolloids impression material.  Dental stone (type III).  Digimatic caliper (MAKE-KOREA, COMPANY-STRRENGTH) with resolution of 0.01mm.  Rubber bowls.  Straight /curved spatula.  Impression trays- Perforated stainless steel impression trays.

7.5 Does the study require any investigation or interventions to be conducted on patients or other human or animals? If so, please describe briefly.

YES.  Impression of both upper and lower arch of patient will be taken with alginate impression material.

7.6 Has the ethical clearance been obtained from your institution in case of 7.5?

YES. 8. LIST OF REFERENCES:

8.1 JOURNAL REFERENCES:

1. Durgekar Sujala Ganapati, Naik Vijay. Evaluation of Moyers mixed dentition analysis in school children. Indian journal of Dental Research 2009;20(1):26-30.

2. Alhaija Abu ESJ & Qudeimat.MA. Mixed dentition space analysis in a Jordanian population: Comparison of two methods. International journal of pediatric dentistry 2006;16:104-110.

3. Jaroontham Jintana and Godfrey keith. Mixed dentition space analysis in a Thai population. European Journal of Orthodontics 2000;22:127-134.

4. Bishara Samir E, Dortho and Jackobsen Jane R. Comparison of two non radiographic methods of predicting permanent tooth size in the mixed dentition. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 1998;114(5):573-576.

5. Chan lee Sharon, Jacobson Bailey N, Chaw Kyint H and Jacobson Ronald S. Mixed dentition analysis for Asian-Americans. American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics 1998;113(3):293-299. 9. Signature of candidate

10. Remarks of guide This is a genuine study which will be carried out by the post graduate student under my supervision and guidance.

11. Name and designation (in block letters) 11.1 Guide DR. SAPNA KONDE M.D.S PROFESSOR & HEAD DEPARTMENT OF PEDODONTICS AND PRVENTIVE DENTISTRY A.E.C.S. MAARUTI COLLEGE OF DENTAL SCIENCES AND RESEARCH CENTRE, BANGALORE

11.2 Signature

11.3 Co – Guide (if any) DR. KIRAN ARADHYA M.D.S PROFESSOR DEPARTMENT OF PEDODONTICS AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY A.E.C.S. MAARUTI COLLEGE OF DENTAL SCIENCES AND RESEARCH CENTRE,BANGALORE

11.4 Signature

11.5 Head of department DR. SAPNA KONDE

11.6 Signature 12.1 Remarks of chairman and principal

12.2 Signature AECS Maaruti College of Dental Sciences and Research Center, Bangalore. Department of Pedodontia and Preventive Dentistry

CONSENT FORM

I ------(name of the parent) hereby give my consent to include my child ------for the study being conducted by DR.PRASHANTH.S PG Student in Department Of Pedodontia and Preventive Dentistry, AECS Maaruti College of Dental Sciences and Research Center, Bangalore.

Signature of Parent:- Address:-

Signature of Staff:-

DR .PRASHANTH.S

Date:-