E.O.I. María Moliner Listening February 2011

E.O.I. MARÍA MOLINER LISTENING FEBRUARY 2011

Name: ______AVANZADO 2

Answer the questions: 1. Taking into account the notes you took while listening, identify the topic and main idea, the secondary ideas and the relevant details in the text. Show their organisation and the relationships among them. You may do so filling in the blanks in this conceptual map, writing your own outline or by any other means you think appropriate to show these relationships. (3 p.)

2. Prince Charles delivers this speech in order to call for action, that is, to persuade his audience. Which one of these quotations from the text supports his purpose? (1 p.) a. ‘It should be the ethical duty of wealthy nations [...] to find a solution’ b. ‘The problem is that the true value of forests [...] is not understood and not paid for.’ c. ‘The rainforests […] also sustain the lives of some of the poorest people on this Earth’’ d. ‘And yet the destruction goes on at a truly terrifying pace […]’ 3. In Prince Charles’s opinion, famine in Ethiopia is in a large part caused by... (1 p.) a. Deforestation b. Poverty c. Draught d. War

4. Prince Charles says that ‘Rainforests of the world are rapidly dwindling’. In the following examples the word ‘dwindle’ is used with the same meaning as in the text (a) as well as with a different one (b). For each example provide an antonym, or an expression that clearly shows the opposite meaning. (2 p.)

a) Population in the area has suddenly dwindled: ______

b) Her acting career dwindled in the 90’s: ______

5. The text starts ‘As the world increasingly moves towards consensus on Climate Change...’ If it had started ‘As the world increasingly moves away from ... ‘, which word could have been used instead of ‘consensus’? ( 1p.) a. Unity b. Unanimity c. Disagreement d. Debates

6. ‘The destruction of the rainforest goes on despite the data that make a basis for its protection’. Write at least two facts mentioned in the text to support this opinion. (2 p.)

7. According to the text, in this climate change situation... (1 p.) a. Wealthy nations will suffer the most, reaching high levels of poverty b. Developing countries will not receive any money if they sell wood from rainforests c. The survival of wealthy nations is bonded to that of developing nations d. Luckily many people are aware of the drawbacks of deforestation

8. Tell your own opinion on the topic you have just heard. In order to do so, compare your point of view with the one the speaker expresses in the text. Remember to ground your answer on facts and ideas presented in the text. (3 p.) LISTENING KEY (Nivel Avanzado – junio 2009-10)

(Transcript)

The Prince of Wales speaks about the world’s rainforests and the work of Iwokrama, January 2008

As the world increasingly moves towards consensus on Climate Change, both its causes and outcomes, I should like to focus attention on the biggest single opportunity we have to combat the problem – and that is the protection of the remaining, but rapidly dwindling rainforests of the world.

I wonder how many of you are fully aware of the benefits – to all of us – if we could curb or stop deforestation altogether?

It is absolutely crucial that the world’s forests need to be seen for what they are – giant global utilities, providing essential services to humanity on a vast scale. Let’s just look at the facts for a minute. Amazonia’s forests, for instance, help store the largest body of flowing freshwater on the planet. The trees release 20 billion tonnes of water into the atmosphere every day. Rain from the forests of the Congo waters half of Africa. Just take the case of Ethiopia which has suffered decades of drought and famine, in large part as a result of deforestation. One hundred years ago, 35 per cent of Ethiopia was covered in trees, but the figure today is barely four per cent.

So not only are the rainforests the world’s air‐ conditioning system and thermostat and home to much of the world’s biodiversity, but they also sustain the lives of some of the poorest people on this Earth. And yet the destruction goes on at a truly terrifying pace – despite the knowledge that carbon emissions from burning forests are responsible for around 20 per cent of global greenhouse gas emissions. Only the energy sector has a larger share.

Now, you might think that for all these reasons the world’s forests would be treated with respect, and their preservation assured. But this simply isn’t happening. At least not yet. The problem is that the true value of forests to the world community is not understood and not paid for. Somehow we have to find ways of putting a price on them, on the forests, which makes them more valuable alive than dead.

How do we do it? The immediate priority, I believe, is the need to develop a new credit market which will give a true value to carbon and the ecosystem services that rainforests provide the rest of the world. We are content to pay for the other utilities we receive – water, gas and electricity – so shouldn’t we pay as well for the world’s greatest utility, - its rainforests? In other words, pay for the perpetual retention of forests like Iwokrama in Guyana!

Of course, none of this is going to be easy, but surely it should be the ethical duty of wealthy nations, which have – perhaps unwittingly – created the problem of climate change, to find a solution. Developing nations, which may suffer most from climate change and, consequently, unheard‐ of levels of poverty, are now calling on us for help. Climate change means that their survival and ours is now more closely linked than ever before.

©Clarence House 2008 www.princeofwales.gov.uk

©The Prince’s Rainforests Project. Part of the Prince’s Charities Foundation www.rainforestsos.org (525 palabras) ANSWERS KEY: (14 p.) (Nivel Avanzado –junio 2009-10)

1. Taking into account the notes you took while listening, identify the topic and main idea, the secondary ideas and the relevant details in the text. Show their organisation and the relationships among them. You may do so filling in the blanks in this conceptual map, writing your own outline or by any other means you think appropriate to show these relationships. (3 p.)

3 puntos La respuesta desarrolla las ideas de los TRES niveles del mapa conceptual, cumpliendo estos requisitos: Nivel 1: desarrolla la idea principal correctamente nivel 2: desarrolla AMBAS ideas secundarias y al menos 1 matiz en cada una nivel 3: propone al menos 1 ejemplo / dato /propuesta en cada idea 2 puntos: La respuesta desarrolla las ideas del mapa conceptual hasta el nivel 2, cumpliendo estos requisitos: Nivel 1: desarrolla la idea principal correctamente Nivel 2: desarrolla AMBAS ideas secundarias y al menos 1 matiz en cada una El nivel 3 no cumple el requisito anterior. 1 punto: La respuesta desarrolla las ideas del mapa conceptual hasta el nivel 1, cumpliendo estos requisitos: Nivel 1: desarrolla la idea principal correctamente Los niveles 2 y 3 no cumplen los requisitos anteriores 0 puntos: No se desarrolla correctamente el nivel 1. Otras respuestas. Sin respuesta

Nivel 1

Nivel 2

Nivel 3 ESQUEMA The Prince of Wales Trust. Nivel 1 TOPIC: To combat climate change we have to protect the world’s rainforests Nivel 2 WHY? Which are the reasons for this campaign? WHY do we have to protect the rainforests? Because they provide the necessary water supplies Because they provide air conditioning and they are the world’s thermostat Because they sustain the poorest people in the world Because they are home to biodiversity Nivel 3 Examples / data: (a) Amazonia stores largest body of water in the world (b) Rain from forests in the Congo water half of Africa (c) 100 years ago Ethiopia was covered in trees (d) Burning forests are responsible of 20% gas emissions Nivel 2 WHO must lead this protection? Wealthy nations are responsible of this protection They must help developing nations (giving them money) Because wealthy nations provoke climate change Nivel 3 HOW can these wealthy nations protect the rainforests? (a) Develop credit to give a true value to carbon and ecosystems (b) Make the rainforests more valuable if they are kept alive

2. Prince Charles delivers this speech in order to call for action, that is, to persuade his audience. Which one of these quotations from the text supports his purpose? (1 p.) a. ‘It should be the ethical duty of wealthy nations [...] to find a solution’ b. ‘The problem is that the true value of forests [...] is not understood and not paid for.’ c. ‘The rainforests […] also sustain the lives of some of the poorest people on this Earth’’ d. ‘And yet the destruction goes on at a truly terrifying pace […]’

3. In Prince Charles’s opinion, famine in Ethiopia is in a large part caused by... (1 p.) a. Deforestation b. Poverty c. Draught d. War

4. Prince Charles says that ‘Rainforests of the world are rapidly dwindling’. In the following examples the word ‘dwindle’ is used with the same meaning as in the text (a) as well as with a different one (b). For each example provide an antonym, or an expression that clearly shows the opposite meaning. (2 p.) a) Population in the area has suddenly dwindled: ______b) Her acting career dwindled in the 90’s: ______

2 puntos: Proporciona las dos propuestas correctas a) y b) a) Increase / grow / expand / rise / build up b) Flourish / prosper / progress / make headway / develop / improve 1 punto: Proporciona sólo una propuesta correcta a) o b) 0 puntos:Otras respuestas. sin respuesta 5. The text starts ‘As the world increasingly moves towards consensus on Climate Change...’ If it had started ‘As the world increasingly moves away from ... ‘, which word could have been used instead of ‘consensus’? ( 1p.) a. Unity b. Unanimity c. Disagreement d. Debates

6. ‘The destruction of the rainforest goes on despite the data that make a basis for its protection’. Write at least two facts mentioned in the text to support this opinion. (2 p.)

a) Carbon emissions from burning forests are responsible for around 20 per cent of global greenhouse gas emissions b) Provide essential services to humanity on a vast scale c) Sustain the lives of some of the poorest people on this Earth d) It would stop drought and famine in developing countries 2 puntos: Respuestas que mencionen dos de las anteriores 1 punto: Respuestas que mencionen sólo 1 de las anteriores 0 puntos: Otras respuestas. Sin respuesta

7. According to the text, in this climate change situation... (1 p.) a. Wealthy nations will suffer the most, reaching high levels of poverty b. Developing countries will not receive any money if they sell wood from rainforests c. The survival of wealthy nations is bonded to that of developing nations d. Luckily many people are aware of the drawbacks of deforestation

8. Tell your own opinion on the topic you have just heard. In order to do so, compare your point of view with the one the speaker expresses in the text. Remember to ground your answer on facts and ideas presented in the text. (3 p.)

La respuesta mide la suficiencia para formarse un juicio de valor pertinente, relacionado con el tema, no la validez / sensatez de ese juicio. En este caso la propuesta del Príncipe Carlos sobre la forma de proteger las selvas tropicales y los responsables de esa protección.

3 puntos: Establece un juicio personal de valor sobre el contenido del texto, argumentando con ideas propias pertinentes al contenido del texto y que se apoyan en las ideas expresadas por el autor. 2 puntos: Establece un juicio personal de valor sobre el texto, argumentando con ideas propias pertinentes al contenido del texto. 1 punto: Establece un juicio personal de valor sobre el texto, argumentando sólo con ideas extraídas del texto o con argumentos no pertinentes. 0 puntos: Establece el juicio personal de valor sobre el texto sin argumentarlo. Ninguna de las respuestas anteriores o sin respuesta.