Unit 3 Chapter 9 & 10 Motivation, Emotion & Stress Exam Date 9/23/2015

Unit 3 – Chapter 9 & 10 Motivation, Emotion & Stress – Exam date 9/23/2015 Reading – 9/15 - 356-366; 9/16 - 367-375; 9/19 - 375-388; 9/20 - 394-425 1) Define motivation: 2) Explain the following motivational theories: a) Instinct Theory: b) Drive-reduction theory: c) McClelland’s Theory of Psychological needs (what are the three types of needs?) d) Carol Dweck & Self Theory e) Arousal theory f) Incentive approach g) Humanistic Approach h) Self-determination theory (what are the three types of needs?) 3) Describe how each of the following motivate hunger and eating: a) Hypothalamus b) lateral hypothalamus c) ventromedial nucleus d) paraventricular nucleus e) glucose f) insulin g) leptin h) weight set point i) basal metabolic rate 4) What different types of eating disorders exist? 5) Discuss how the following environmental and psychological factors affect hunger regulation: a) Learned preferences b) Habits c) Food related cues d) Stress e) Arousal f) Social cues & norms 6) What is BMI? 7) Is obesity linked to genetics? Explain. 8) What is your set point? Can it be changed? Explain. 9) Define affiliation motivation and describe how it differs in people. 10) What is achievement motivation? a) Explain ways this motivation is seen at school. b) Describe the three situational variables involved in achievement behavior. 11) Explain the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Which do you feel is the most effective over the long term and which may be the most effective in the short run. 12) Define the fear of failure: 13) Define the fear of success: 14) Describe the elements of emotional experience: a) Cognitive component: b) Physiological component b.i) Autonomic arousal b.ii) Galvanic skin response b.iii) Neural Component – What parts of the brain are involved in emotion, and what do they do? c) Behavioral component d) Cultural component – What are the cross-cultural similarities and differences we can expect? 15) Identify the four theories of emotion and give an full example of each: a) Common sense b) James-Lange c) Cannon-Bard d) Schachter-Singer 16) Explain the facial feedback hypothesis. 17) What is the Lazarus cognitive-mediational theory? 18) Compare and contrast distress and eustress. 19) What kinds of external events can cause stress? 20) Examine the psychological factors in stress: a) Pressure b) Uncontrollability c) Frustration d) Agression e) Conflict (four types) e.i) Approach-approach e.ii) Avoidance-avoidance e.iii) Approach-avoidance e.iv) Multiple approach-avoidance f) Change g) Define the three stages of General Adaptation Syndrom. 21) Identify the responses to stress: a) emotional b) physiological (describe fight-or-flight and General Adaptation Syndrome) c) behavioral 22) What is the role of Appraisal in stress? Relate this to why some Seniors feel more stress than others. 23) What personality differences affect the experience of stress? 24) What social factors influence stress reactions? 25) How does stress effect psychological functioning? 26) Discuss the effects of stress on physical health. 27) What are some ways in which people cope with stress reactions? 28) How is coping with stress affected by culture and religion? 29) Create a list of things that can help reduce stress.