Colloquium: Europe and Eurasia

COLLOQUIUM: EUROPE AND EURASIA IAFF 6321.10 Fall 2014

Mondays, 5:10 PM—7:00 PM 1776 G Street NW, Room 104

Professor: Dr. Olof Kronvall Office: 1957 E Street, Suite 303C Office Hours: By appointment Email: [email protected] Phone: 202-701-4781

Course Description Europe and Eurasia play a crucial role in contemporary world affairs. The ongoing Russian-Ukrainian crisis has potential ramifications not only for Europe itself, but for the international system as a whole. After the Cold War European nations have also participated in, and in some cases led, military operations in Iraq, Afghanistan, Libya, and sub-Saharan Africa; and European allies and partners are working with the U.S. on issues such as the Syrian civil war and Iran’s nuclear ambitions. Furthermore, Western Europe represents a large portion of the global economy and is economically interlinked with Russia, China, and the U.S. The course integrates analysis of current developments in Europe and Eurasia with an examination of their roots in the past, going back to 1945.

WW II and the Cold War shattered the international system. In 1945 Western Europe had lost its centuries-long dominance of the international system which was now defined by the emergence of two superpowers, the U.S. and the Soviet Union. In the aftermath of WW II the Soviet Union carved out a new empire in Eastern and Central Europe, while Western Europe sought security from the Soviet threat by means of regional cooperation and a strategic alliance with the U.S. America’s long-term involvement in European security issues is in many ways a product of WW II and the Cold War, and so are NATO and the EU. Furthermore the Cold War legacy has continued to influence Western-Russian relations. For all these reasons an understanding of the Cold War is essential to understanding the current European security order.

The next fundamental transformation of the international system was the end of the Cold War. A state of affairs that had lasted for decades, and had come to be perceived by many as permanent, suddenly came to an end. America was now the only superpower, Germany was reunified, and the Soviet dominance of East and Central Europe was broken. The end of the Cold War created the conditions we are facing today, and an understanding of how and why the decades-long conflict ended sheds light on recent and ongoing developments.

1 The breakdown of the bipolar system inspired hopes as well as fears, and post-Cold War Europe has been characterized by an interesting mix of stability and volatility. On the one hand, Europe has been spared the horrors of a new continent-wide war since 1945, and the fall of the Soviet Union further drastically reduced the prospects of such a conflict. Since the end of the Cold War the countries of Eastern and Central Europe have transitioned to democracy and market economy and become embedded in the EU and NATO. The EU has achieved an unprecedented level of integration between European nations, and economic integration between Russia and Western Europe is also significant.

On the other hand, important aspects of the regional political order are in a state of flux. As the Cold War came to an end the emerging new order was immediately put to the test by the wars in former Yugoslavia, and the issue of Kosovo’s status has been a constant reminder of remaining tensions in the Balkans. The Kosovo issue has also been one of many sources of tension in Russian-Western relations, which have often been strained. In 2008 the Russo-Georgian War created further tensions in Europe and beyond, and the Eurozone crisis has shaken the European economy and the EU as an institution. The Union, and perhaps also the wider European order and its underlying values, is also being increasingly challenged by nationalist parties and sentiments. The new international environment – with factors such as terrorism, political upheaval in North Africa and the Middle East, and the rise of China – creates further uncertainties regarding the future of the transatlantic relationship, NATO, and the EU.

The Russian-Ukrainian crisis presents a severe challenge to the European order, and the full ramifications of the crisis cannot be known until it is over. The crisis also highlights many of the fundamental issues of the European and Eurasian security structure, which also have global implications: the overall relations between the U.S., its allies and partners in Europe, and Russia; the degree to which Russian and Western interests and conceptions of security and cooperation can be reconciled; and the utility and role of the EU and NATO. The crisis also offers many opportunities to improve our understanding of current events by linking them to the past. For example, the debate over an alleged “New Cold War” can be analyzed and assessed based on an understanding of the (original) Cold War, and an examination of Russian-Western relations since the end of the Cold War provides context and possible explanations for the current crisis.

Goals of the Course The goal of the course is to enhance students’ knowledge and understanding of European and Eurasian political affairs since 1945, with an emphasis on security issues. Progress towards this goal is measured by participation in class discussions and three written assignments.

Learning Outcomes

2  Students will be able to identify and analyze key characteristics and components of the European and Eurasian security environment, as well as the relationship between them.  Students will be familiar with key developments, events, and decisions in Europe and Eurasia from the start of the Cold War to the present and how they can be explained.

Grade Computation  25%: attendance and participation  20%: First short paper, single-spaced, due October 13 by 5:10 PM  20%: Second short paper, single-spaced, due November 10 by 5:10 PM  35%: 15-20 page research paper, double-spaced, due December 12 by 4 PM

Attendance is mandatory (with certain exceptions; see below), as is informed contributions to class discussion. Students are urged to discuss paper topics with me well in advance. The two short papers should each be 2-3 pages, excluding references/footnotes. The first short paper should analyze a Cold War era decision, and the second short paper should analyze a post-Cold War decision. More specific instructions on the three papers will be provided in a separate document.

Reading list The readings are divided into required and recommended readings. Students are expected to come to class having completed the required readings for that day and prepared to discuss them. Recommended readings will be referenced in the lectures, but are not mandatory. The vast majority of the readings (required as well as recommended) for the course will be posted on Blackboard, or links will be distributed in advance of each class. Readings for any class may be subject to change. This reading list only includes books that will have to be purchased or borrowed (unless you have access to them already). The books in question are the following:

Tom Buchanan, Europe’s Troubled Peace: 1945 to the Present (Second edition; Chichester, West Sussex, UK & Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012)

Robert J. McMahon, The Cold War: A Very Short Introduction (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003)

James Graham Wilson, The Triumph of Improvisation: Gorbachev’s Adaptability, Reagan’s Engagement, and the End of the Cold War (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2014)

Fiona Hill & Clifford G. Gaddy, Mr. Putin: Operative in the Kremlin (Washington DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2013)

Please note that Buchanan, McMahon’s, and Wilson’s books are required, whereas Hill & Gaddy is recommended.

3 Paper deadlines  First Short Paper (2-3 pages) o September 29 (Monday): Proposal for policy paper topic due in class: 1 paragraph o October 13 (Monday): Due in class.

 Second Short Paper (2-3 pages) o October 27 (Monday): Proposal for policy paper topic due in class: 1 paragraph o November 10 (Monday): Due in class.

 Research Paper (15-20 pages) o November 3 (Monday): Proposal for research paper topic due in class: ½-1 page/s o December 12 (Friday): Final research paper due by 4 PM.

Please also submit all proposals and papers to [email protected] by the deadline!

Calendar The course covers three overarching themes. Each theme applies a different analytical framework to European security affairs. The first theme is Great Power Politics (classes 2-5). These classes trace and seek to explain the development of the European security architecture since the beginning of the Cold War, addressing issues such as the distribution of power between states; the relations between the dominant powers in the system; the methods and mechanisms used for handling and resolving conflicts; and causes of change and continuity in the system.

Building on this “big picture” of the European security system, the second theme takes a closer look at Western Structures and Institutions (classes 6-9). An analysis of the overall transatlantic relationship is followed by classes on the key institutional components of Western security in Europe: NATO and the European Union. Issues examined include the purpose, characteristics, and inner workings of the two institutions; their respective roles within the broader Western security system; and NATO-EU relations. The third and final theme shifts the focus from the overall European security system and its institutional components to specific Countries, Regions, and Conflicts (classes 10-13).

Classes will typically consist of a lecture by the professor and seminar-style discussion. Questions for discussion will be provided. On two occasions (October 13 and December 1) a different format will be used; instructions will be provided.

4 Introduction August 25 Class 1: Introduction No readings assigned.

Part I: Great Power Politics September 8 Class 2: Origins of the Cold War Required readings: Buchanan, Europe’s Troubled Peace, Introduction and chapter 2

Robert Jervis, “Was the Cold War a Security Dilemma?,” Journal of Cold War Studies, Volume 3, Number 1, Winter 2001

McMahon, The Cold War, Preface and chapters 1-2

Recommended readings: Buchanan, Europe’s Troubled Peace, chapter 1

September 15 Class 3: The End of the Cold War Required readings: James Graham Wilson, The Triumph of Improvisation: Gorbachev’s Adaptability, Reagan’s Engagement, and the End of the Cold War (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press)

Recommended readings: Buchanan, Europe’s Troubled Peace, chapters 3-7

Stephen G. Brooks & William C. Wohlforth, “Clarifying the End of the Cold War Debate,” Cold War History, Vol.7, No. 3, August 2007

Archie Brown, “Perestroika and the end of the Cold War,” Cold War History, Vol.7, No. 1, February 2007

Buchanan, Europe’s Troubled Peace, chapter 10

McMahon, The Cold War, chapters 3-8, especially chapters 7-8

Robert G. Patman, “Some Reflections on Archie Brown and the End of the Cold War,” Cold War History, Vol.7, No. 3, August 2007

5 September 22 Class 4: The Post-Cold War Era Required readings: Buchanan, Europe’s Troubled Peace, chapters 11-12

Jeffrey McCausland, “The POST ‘Post Cold War’ Era in Europe,” Parameters, Spring 2014 http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/index.cfm/articles/The-post-post-cold- war-era-in-Europe/2014/04/24

Lawrence Freedman, “Ukraine and the Art of Crisis Management,” Survival, Issue 3, 2014

Richard Kraemer & Maia Otarashvili, “Geopolitical Implications of the Ukraine Crisis,” (FPRI E-Notes, May 2014)

Mark Leonard, “Clashes with Russia points to globalization’s end” (European Council on Foreign Relations, August 1, 2014) http://www.ecfr.eu/content/entry/commentary_clashes_with_russia_point_to_globaliza tions_end293

Robert Legvold, “Managing the New Cold War,” Foreign Affairs, July/August 2014

Michael G. Roskin, “The New Cold War,” Parameters, Spring 2014

Eugene Rumer, “Crimea Crisis: Lessons from the First Cold War” (Washington DC: The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, March 21, 2014) http://carnegieendowment.org/2014/03/14/crimea-crisis-lessons-from-first-cold- war/h3op

Luis Simón & Daniel Fiott, “Europe after the American Pivot,” Orbis, Issue 3, 2014

Jan Zielonka, “What can the Cold War teach us about applying sanctions to Russia?,” (European Council on Foreign Relations, blog post, July 23, 2014) http://www.ecfr.eu/blog/entry/what_can_the_cold_war_teach_us_about_applying_sanct ions_to_russia

September 29 Class 5: Energy Security Required readings: Gus Constantinou, “EU Energy Policy and Ukraine” (London: King’s College London, EUCERS Newsletter, Issue 33, 03/2014)

Sijbren de Jong et al, The Geopolitics of Shale Gas (The Hague: The Hague Center for Strategic Studies, 2014), chapters 3, 6, and 7

6 Christian Hübner, “European Energy Supply Security in Light of the Ukraine Crisis” (Berlin: Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung, Facts & Findings, No. 151, July, 2014)

David Koraniy, “Don’t Panic: Russia’s Energy Pivot to Asia and European Energy Security” (Washington, DC: Atlantic Council, July 7, 2014) http://www.atlanticcouncil.org/publications/articles/dont-panic

Sarah O. Ladislaw et al, New Energy, New Geopolitics. Background Report 2: Geopolitical and National Security Impacts (Washington, DC: Center for International and Strategic Studies, 2014), chapter 1, the sections “Big Producer: Russia” and “Consumer: Europe;” and chapter 3.

Jesper Packert Pedersen, “Bolstering European Energy Security” (Washington DC: German Marshall Fund of the United States, Foreign Policy Papers, 2014)

Articles by Petroleka, Porto, and Andreas (London: King’s College London, EUCERS Newsletter, Issue 34, 04/2014)

Michael Ratner et al, Europe’s Energy Security: Options and Challenges to Natural Gas Supply Diversification (Washington DC: Congressional Research Service, August 20, 2013)

Kirsten Westphal, “Russian Energy Supplies to Europe,” SWP Comments 16, March 2014

Part II: Western Structures and Institutions October 6 Class 6: Transatlantic Relations Required readings: Erik Brattberg, Europe, Afghanistan, and the Transatlantic Relationship after 2014 (Stockholm: SIPRI, May 2013)

Christopher C. Chivvis, “Building European Defense in the Context of U.S. Strategic Restraint” (Washington DC: The German Marshall Fund of the United States, Policy Brief, June 2014)

Jo Coelmont, “Cardiff: Birthplace of a New Transatlantic Narrative?” (Brussels: Egmont Institute, Security Policy Brief, No. 57, July 2014)

Rafael S. Cohen & Gabriel M. Scheinmann, “Can Europe Fill the Void in American Military Leadership?,” Orbis, Winter 2014

EU-U.S. Security Strategies: Comparative Scenarios and Recommendations (IAI, UI, FRS & CSIS, 2011): all chapters under “Issue 1”

Bastian Giegerich & Christoph Schwegmann, “Sustaining Europe’s Security,” Survival, vol. 56, issue 4, August-September 2014

7 Philippe Gros, “Libya and Mali Operations: Transatlantic Lessons Learned” (Washington DC: The German Marshall Fund of the United States, Foreign Policy Papers, July 2014)

Johannes Thimm, “Inseparable, but Not Equal: Assessing U.S.–EU Relations in the Wake of the NSA Surveillance Affair” (Berlin: Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik, SWP Comments 2014/04, January 2014)

October 13 Class 7: Simulation Exercise No readings assigned; instructions will be provided.

October 20 Class 8: NATO Readings are likely to be updated after NATO’s Cardiff summit.

Required readings: Jakob Aaröe Jörgensen, “NATO after Ukraine” (Copenhagen: Danish Institute of International Studies, DIIS Policy Brief, June 2014)

Paul Belkin et al, “NATO: Response to Crisis in Ukraine and Security Concerns in Eastern and Central Europe” (Washington DC: Congressional Research Service, April 16, 2014)

Pål Jonson, “The debate about Article 5 and its credibility: What is it all about?” (Rome: NATO Defence College, Research Division, Research Paper No. 58, May 2010)

Karl-Heinz Kamp, “Five Long-Term Challenges for NATO beyond the Ukraine Crisis” (Rome: NATO Defence College, Research Division, NDC Research Report, July 2014)

Julian Lindley-French, “NATO’s Post-2014 Strategic Narrative” (Rome: NATO Defence College, Research Division, Conference Report, July 2014)

Roger McDermott et al, “Cold War Déja Vu? NATO, Russia and the Ukraine Crisis” (Rome: NATO Defence College, Research Division, Report, March 2014)

Magnus Nordenman, NATO in an Era of Global Competition (Washington, DC: Atlantic Council, 2014)

Michael Rühle, “NATO Enlargement and Russia: Die-Hard Myths and Real Dilemmas” (Rome: NATO Defence College, Research Division, Report, May 2014)

Xenia Wicket & Kathleen J. McInnes, “NATO: Charging the Way Forward” (London: Chatham House, Research Paper, 2014)

8 Recommended readings: Mats Berdal & David Ucko, “NATO at 60,” Survival, vol. 51, issue 2, March 2009

James Sperling & Mark Webber, “NATO: From Kosovo to Kabul,” International Affairs, Vol. 85, issue 3, 2009

October 27 Class 9: The European Union Required readings: Kristin Archick & Vincent L. Morelli, “European Union Enlargement” (Washington DC: Congressional Research Service, February 19, 2014)

Sven Biscop, “The Summit of Our Ambition? European Defense between Brusssles and Wales” (Washington DC: The German Marshall Fund of the United States, Policy Brief, June 2014)

Sven Biscop, “Game of Zones” (Brussels: Egmont Institute, Egmont Paper 67, June 2014)

Tanya Domi, “Commentary: Picking The EU For The Nobel Peace Prize Was Wrong” (Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, October 13, 2012) http://www.rferl.org/content/contrarian-commentary-picking-eu-for-nobel-peace- prize-was-wrong/24738528.html

Ronald J. Granieri, “Vox Populi, Vox Nemesis? What the European Parliament Election Can Tell Us” (FPRI E-Notes, June 2014)

Stephan Lehne, “A Window of Opportunity to Upgrade EU Foreign Policy” (Washington DC: The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, May 2, 2014)

Neil MacFarlane & Anand Menon, “The EU and Ukraine,” Survival, Issue 3, 2014

Derek E. Mix, “The European Union: Foreign and Security Policy” (Washington DC: Congressional Research Service, April 8, 2013)

The Norwegian Nobel Committee, “The Nobel Peace Prize for 2012” (October 12, 2012) http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/2012/press.html

Ulrich Speck, “How the EU Sleepwalked into Conflict with Russia” (Washington DC: The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, July 10, 2014) http://carnegieeurope.eu/2014/07/10/how-eu-sleepwalked-into-conflict-with- russia/hfjn

Nicolai von Ondarza & Marco Overhaus, “The CSDP after the December Summit” (Berlin: Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik, SWP Comments 2014/07, January 2014)

9 Richard Youngs, “The EU and the Global (Dis)Order” (Washington DC: The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, July 2, 2014) http://carnegieeurope.eu/publications/?fa=56065

Recommended readings: Buchanan, Europe’s Troubled Peace, chapter 9

Stefan Lehne, “The Big Three in EU Foreign Policy,” (Washington DC: The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, The Carnegie Papers, July 2012)

Nicu Popescu & Andrew Wilson, “Turning Presence into Power: Lessons from the Eastern Neighbourhood” (Brussels: European Council on Foreign Relations, Policy Brief, May 2011)

Alistair J. K. Shepherd, “’A milestone in the history of the EU:’ Kosovo and EU’s international role,” International Affairs, Vol. 85, issue 3, 2009

Part III: Countries, Regions, and Conflicts November 3 Class 10: Germany Required readings: Ian Bremmer, Mark Leonard & Thomas Kleine-Brockhoff, “New Dangers to the Western Liberal Order” (Washington DC: The German Marshall Fund of the United States, The EuroFuture Project Paper Series, November 2012)

Felix K. Chang, “Legacy of Ostpolitik: Germany’s Russia Policy and Energy Security” (FPRI E-Notes, May 2014)

Christopher S. Chivvis & Thomas Rid, “The Roots of Germany’s Russia Policy,” Survival, vol. 51, issue 2, March 2009

Karen Dornfried, “Will U.S.-Germany Relations Recover?” (Council on Foreign Relations, 2014) http://www.cfr.org/germany/us-germany-relations-recover/p33256

Josef Janning, “Germany’s summer of discontent on foreign policy” (blog post, July 30, 2014) http://www.ecfr.eu/blog/entry/germanys_summer_of_discontent_on_foreign_policy

Patrick Keller, “Germany in NATO: The Status Quo Ally,” Survival, vol. 54, issue 3, June 2012

Patrick Keller, “German Hard Power: Is There a There There?” (Washington DC: American Enterprise Institute, Security Outlook, No. 4, 2013)

10 Hans Kundnani, “Germany as a Geo-economic Power,” The Washington Quarterly, 34:3, 2011

Hans Kundnani, “Germany and Geo-economics,” blog post, June 3, 2013 (http://hanskundnani.com/2013/06/03/germany-and-geo-economics/)

Claudia Major & Christian Mölling, “German Defense Policy: Is the Change For Real?” (Washington DC: German Marshall Fund of the United States, Policy Brief, June 2014)

Stefan Meister, “Reframing Germany’s Russia Policy – An Opportunity for the EU” (Brussels: European Council on Foreign Relations, Policy Brief, April 2014)

Alexander Motyl, “Why Germans Are Smitten with Putin” (World Affairs Journal blog post, May 23, 2014) http://www.worldaffairsjournal.org/index.php?q=blog/alexander-j-motyl/why- germans-are-smitten-putin

Rolf Mowatt-Larssen, “Guest Post: Beyond the US-German Case: Understanding the Espionage ‘Rules of the Game’” (Blog post on “Just Security”, July 15, 2014) http://justsecurity.org/12888/germany-spy-espionage-rules-of-the-game-mowatt- larssen/

Christian Nünlist, “More Responsibility? German Foreign Policy in 2014” (Zürich: Center For Security Studies, CSS Analyses in Security Policy, No. 149, March 2014)

Alison Smale and Jack Ewing, “Germans See World Cup Win as a Symbol of Global Might,” New York Times, July 13, 2014 http://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/14/world/europe/germans-see-world-cup-win-as- a-symbol-of-global-might.html?partner=rss&emc=rss&smid=tw-nytimes&_r=2

Ulrich Speck, “Foundations of German Power” (Washington DC: The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, March 14, 2014) http://carnegieeurope.eu/2014/03/14/foundations-of-german-power/h3qa

Recommended readings: Paul Belkin, “German Foreign and Security Policy: Trends and Transatlantic Implications” (Washington DC: Congressional Research Service, May 20, 2009)

Alister Miskimmon, “Falling into line? Kosovo and the course of German foreign policy,” International Affairs, vol. 85, issue 3 (2009)

Heinrich-August Winkler, “Politics without a Project. Thoughts on Germany, Libya, and Europe,” IP Journal, September 1, 2011 (https://ip-journal.dgap.org/en/ip- journal/topics/politics-without-project)

November 10

11 Class 11: Russia Required readings: Derek Averre, “From Pristina to Tshkinvali: the legacy of Operation Allied Force in Russia’s relations with the West,” International Affairs, vol. 85, issue 3 (2009)

Iana Dreyer & Nicu Popescu, “The Eurasian Customs Union” (Brussels: European Union Institute for Security Studies, Issue Brief 11, March 2014)

Jasper Eitze & Michael Gleichmann, “Ten Myths Used to Justify Russian Policy in the Ukraine Crisis” (Berlin: Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung, Facts & Findings, No. 149, May, 2014)

John R. Haines, “Russia’s Options, as Russians See Them” (FPRI E-Notes, July 2014)

Fiona Hill & Clifford G. Gaddy, “Putin and the Uses of History,” The National Interest, January—February 2012

Edward Lucas, “Rethinking Russia: The Paradox of Paranoia” (Washington DC: Center for European Policy Analysis, Report No. 34, 28 January, 2013)

Andrew Monaghan, The New Russian Foreign Policy Concept: Evolving Continuity (London: Chatham House, April 2013)

Articles by Moshes and Lane in “Eurasian Union” (Zürich: Center for Security Studies, Russian Analytical Digest, No. 146, 7 April 2014)

Jim Nichol, “Russian Political, Economic, and Security Issues and U.S. Interests” (Washington DC: Congressional Research Service, March 31, 2014), selected sections

Nicu Popescu, “Ukraine’s Impact on Russia” (Brussels: European Union Institute for Security Studies, Issue Alert 32, July 2014)

Richard Sakwa, “Whatever Happened to the Russian Opposition?” (London: Chatham House, Research Paper, May 2014)

Michael John Williams, “Russia’s New Doctrine: How the Kremlin has Learned to Fight Tomorrow’s War Today” (Washington DC: Center for European Policy Analysis, May 9, 2014) http://www.cepa.org/content/russia%E2%80%99s-new-doctrine-how-kremlin-has- learned-fight-tomorrow%E2%80%99s-war-today

Recommended readings: Leon Aron, “The Putin Doctrine: Russia’s Quest to Rebuild the Soviet State,” Foreign Affairs, March 11, 2013 (http://www.aei.org/article/foreign-and-defense- policy/regional/europe/the-putin-doctrine/)

Thomas Graham, “The Sources of Russia’s Insecurity,” Survival, vol. 52, issue 1, February —March 2010

12 Jonas Grätz, “Russia in Europe: Strategic Challenges” (Geneva: Center for Security Studies, CSS Analysis in Security Policy No. 136, June 2013)

Fiona Hill & Clifford G. Gaddy, Mr. Putin: Operative in the Kremlin (Washington DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2013)

Andrey Kazantsev & Richard Sakwa, “New ‘dividing lines’ in Europe: A crisis of trust in European-Russian relations,” Communist and Post-Communist Studies, vol. 45, no. 3-4, September—December 2012

Andrew Monaghan, “From Lisbon to Munich: Russian views of NATO-Russian relations,” Rome: NATO Defence College, Research Division, Research Report, February 2011)

November 17 Class 12: The Former Soviet Union – Ukraine and Georgia As readings can quickly become outdated due to the fluid situation in Ukraine, additional readings will be provided closer to the date of the class.

Required readings: Jim Nichol, “Georgia [Republic]: Recent Developments and U.S. Interests” (Washington DC, Congressional Research Service, June 13, 2013), selected sections

Nicu Popescu, “Ukraine: four crises, one country” (Brussels: European Union Institute for Security Studies, Issue Brief 16, May 2014)

Stephen Woehrel, “Ukraine: Current Issues and U.S. Policy” (Washington DC, Congressional Research Service, July 8, 2014)

Recommended readings: Ukraine Carol R. Saivetz, “The ties that bind? Russia’s evolving relations with its neighbors,” Communist and Post-Communist Studies, vol. 45, no. 3-4, September—December 2012

Paul D’Anieri, “Ukrainian Foreign Policy from Independence to Inertia,” Communist and Post-Communist Studies, vol. 45, no. 3-4, September—December 2012

Paul D’Anieri, “Conclusion: Nowhere Nation or Better Life? Ukraine’s Past and Future,” Communist and Post-Communist Studies, vol. 45, no. 3-4, September—December 2012

Thomas de Waal, “Can Mars and Venus talk about Ukraine?,” Eurasia Outlook, August 7, 2013 (http://carnegie.ru/eurasiaoutlook/?fa=52608)

Taras Kuzio, “Russianization of Ukranian National Security Policy under Viktor Yanukovich,” The Journal of Slavic Military Studies, vol. 25, issue 4, 2012

13 Georgia Mike Bowker, “The war in Georgia and the Western response,” Central Asian Survey, June 2011

Rick Fawn, “Georgia: Revolution and War,” European Security, vol. 21, issue 1, 2012 Click here to view

Alexander Rondeli, “A view from Tblisi,” European Security, vol. 21, issue 1, 2012 Click here to view

November 24 Class 13: Former Yugoslavia – Serbia and Kosovo Required readings: Ivo Banac, “What Happened in the Balkans (or rather Ex-Yugoslavia)?,” East European Politics and Societies, vol. 23, no. 4, Fall 2009

Dimitar Bechev, “Serbia’s Accession Talks – Where’s the Drama?” (European Council on Foreign Relations, blog post, January 21, 2014) http://www.ecfr.eu/blog/entry/serbias_accession_talks_wheres_the_drama

Dimitar Bechev, “What should the EU do about the protests in Bosnia?” (European Council on Foreign Relations, blog post, February 11, 2014) http://www.ecfr.eu/blog/entry/what_should_the_eu_do_about_the_protests_in_bosnia

Dimitar Bechev, “Serbia’s New Old Master” (European Council on Foreign Relations, blog post, March 18, 2014) http://www.ecfr.eu/blog/entry/serbias_new_old_master

Matthias Beier, “Kosovo between Transformation and Stagnation” Zürich: Center for Security Studies, CSS Analyses in Security Policy, No. 150, March 2014)

Januzs Bugajski, “Moscow Exploits Balkan Soft Spots” (Washington DC: Center for European Policy Analysis, July 10, 2014) http://www.cepa.org/content/moscow-exploits-balkan-soft-spots

Robert Coalson, “Russia Follows ‘Different Strategy’ As Serbia Courts EU” (Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, July 8, 2014) http://www.rferl.org/content/russia-different-strategy-serbia-eu/25449771.html

Fransisco de Borja Lasheras, “Once Again Bosnia is a Wake Up Call For Europe” (European Council on Foreign Relations, blog post, February 28, 2014) http://www.ecfr.eu/content/entry/commentary_once_again_bosnia_is_a_wake_up_call_f or_europe

Stefan Lehne, “Serbia-Kosovo deal should boost the EU’s Western Balkans policy,” (Washington DC: The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Carnegie Europe, April 29, 2013)

14 http://carnegieeurope.eu/2013/04/23/serbia-kosovo-agreement-should-reenergize- eu-s-western-balkans-policy/g0q8

Branka Mihajlovic & Robert Coalson, “Crimea Dispute Tests Serbian Government's Middle Course” (Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, March 25, 2014) http://www.rferl.org/content/crimea-serbia-eu-russia/25309241.html

Jasmin Mujanovic & Tanya L. Domi, “Bosnian Spring Signals New Possibilities for Bosnia- Herzegovina” (Harriman Magazine, Summer 2014)

Eviola Prifti (ed.), The European Future of the Western Balkans: Thessaloniki@10 (2003 —2013) (Paris: European Union Institute for Security Studies, 2013): Introduction; chapters 1, 2, and 5; and Conclusion.

Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, “Serbia, Russia Confirm Commitments to South Stream Pipeline” (Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, June 17, 2014) http://www.rferl.org/content/russia-serbia-back-south-stream/25425127.html

Jelena Subotic, “Explaining Difficult States: The Problems of Europeanization in Serbia,” East European Politics and Societies, vol. 24, no. 4, Fall 2010

Steven Woehrel, “Kosovo: Current Issues and U.S. Policy” (Washington DC: Congressional Research Service, May 7, 2013)

Recommended readings: Dimitar Bechev, “The Periphery of the Periphery: The Western Balkans and the Euro Crisis (Brussels: European Council on Foreign Relations, Policy Brief, August 2012)

Andrew Cottey, “The Kosovo war in perspective,” International Affairs, vol. 85, issue 3 (2009)

David Hastings Dunn, “Innovation and precedent in the Kosovo war: the impact of Operation Allied Force on US foreign policy,” International Affairs, vol. 85, issue 3 (2009)

Mark Webber: “The Kosovo war: a recapitulation,” International Affairs, vol. 85, issue 3 (2009)

Conclusion December 1 Class 14: Conclusion and Wrap-Up No readings assigned; instructions will be provided.

Class Policies, University Resources and Policies

15 Attendance Students are expected to attend all classes and to prepare all assigned required readings before class. Students may be excused from class for religious observances, medical emergencies, or required participation in University events. Any such excuse requires prior notification by the student to the instructor, if at all possible. However, absence from a class must be made up by an additional writing assignment on issues raised by the readings for the missed class; specific instructions will be provided. If you are going to be absent from class, please let me know in advance.

Course Adjustments New readings may be added, and previously announced readings may be removed. Any such change will be announced in class and sent out as an email message to all students.

Academic Integrity All work that you hand in for this class must be the product of your own labors for this class. If you are confused about how to properly cite your sources or anything else relevant to academic integrity, please check with me or consult the Code of Academic Integrity (available at http://www.gwu.edu/~ntegrity/code.html).

Support for Students outside the Classroom DISABILITY SUPPORT SERVICES (DSS) 202-994-8250 http://gwired.gwu.edu/dss/

UNIVERSITY COUNSELING CENTER (UCC) 202-994-5300 htt p://gwired.gwu.edu/counsel/CounselingServices/AcademicSupportServices

Security In case of emergency, if at all possible, the class should shelter in place. If the building that the class is in is affected, follow the evacuation procedures for the building. After evacuation, seek shelter at a predetermined rendezvous location.