Guided Reading Chapter 3 Section 1

Name ______Period ______Date Due______Page #______Guided Reading Chapter 3 Section 1

1. Inquiry is the process of learning, starting with asking questions and seeking answers.

2. What is the Inquiry Cycle? (Draw figure 3.1 on page 58.)

3. For a theory to be accepted as true, it must pass three important tests. Name these tests. 1. Must be supported by enough evidence 2. Cannot be any contradictory evidence 3. Must be unique (if 2 theories fit the facts, you cannot tell which is correct) 4. Scientific evidence includes numbers, tables, graphs, words, pictures, sound recordings, and other evidence.

5. Scientific evidence must be objective and repeatable.

6. How are of Galileo’s sketches of the moon objective? He looked at the moon through a telescope, and drew exactly what he saw.

7. How are of Galileo’s sketches of the moon repeatable? Other scientists could look at the moon through a telescope and draw what they saw, and those drawings were the same as Galileo’s.

8. A theory is an explanation supported by a lot of evidence over a long period of time. It attempts to describe a natural law.

9. How does a hypothesis become a theory? A hypothesis becomes a theory by testing the explanation through observations and experiments. It must pass all 3 tests (question 3).

Vocabulary Chapter 3 Section 1 Select the correct term to complete the sentences. deduce hypothesis objective scientific method engineer inquiry procedure theory experiment natural laws repeatable trial

1. To deduce is to figure something out from known facts using logical evidence. 2. A scientific explanation supported by lots of evidence collected over a long period of time is a(n) theory. Name ______Period ______Date Due______Page #______3. Scientific evidence that is repeatable can be seen by others if they repeat the same experiment.

4. Learning by asking questions and seeking the answers is called inquiry.

5. A(n) hypothesis is a possible scientific explanation that can be tested by comparison with scientific evidence.

6. Objective evidence documents only what actually happened in an experiment as exactly as possible.

7. Scientists believe the universe follows a set of “rules” known as natural laws.

8. The Scientific Method is a process of learning that begins with a hypothesis and proceeds to collect evidence to confirm or disprove the hypothesis.

Section Review Chapter 3 Section 1 For each example write whether it could be considered a deduction (A) or not (B) 1. B Hector calls the weather service to find out if the temperature outside is below freezing. 2. A Caroline looks out the window and concludes that the temperature is below freezing because she sees that the puddles in her neighbor’s driveway are frozen.

3. Describe the relationship between a hypothesis, a theory, and a natural law. A hypothesis can be tested repeatedly and, if it passes the 3 tests, it turns into a theory. A theory that has been tested many times with no contradictions can be considered a law

Hypothesis  Theory  Law

4. To be correct, a scientific theory must be everything except: (pick one) a. supported by every part of a large collection of evidence. b. considered to be unchangeable even if new scientific evidence disproves it. c. testable by comparison with scientific evidence. d. an explanation of something that actually occurs within the natural world or within man-made technology.

5. Julie, a third grade student, believes that the Moon disappears on certain days every month. Explain why the following information is or is not scientific evidence which can be used to evaluate Julie’s hypothesis. a. Julie sometimes cannot see the Moon all night even though the sky is clear.

This statement (is) scientific evidence because Julie is making an observation b. Anne, Julie’s older sister, thinks the phases of the Moon are caused by the Moon’s position in its orbit around Earth.

This statement (is not) scientific evidence because Anne is stating what she thinks, not an observation. Name ______Period ______Date Due______Page #______For each example write whether it could be considered scientific evidence (A) or Not (B) 6. A An artist’s watercolor painting of an oak leaf 7. A The time for a car to drive once around a track 8. A The number of each different color of candy-coated chocolate in a bag of candy