Civil War Project

Name:______Group #______Civil War Project Responsibilities 1. Every member of each group will have a complete set of notes for every battle and for each of the teacher assigned Civil War Commanders. Every group will have different commanders to research

Complete set of TYPED notes must be typed, put in alphabetical order and include: 1) 5 W’s completely answered (see examples) 2) Formatted exactly the same as in the examples (Who, What, When, Where, Why)

2. PowerPoint presentation for each of the various Civil War commanders assigned to each group

3. Group presentation of the PowerPoint given equally by all members of the group.

4. Peer evaluation completely filled out

5. Turn in notes on the due date: ______.

Directions 1. Get into your teacher assigned groups

2. -Each group will be assigned to research all of the same required battles (no PowerPoint presentation). -Each group will be assigned four different Civil War commanders to research and must complete a PowerPoint presentation each of these commanders.

3. Divide responsibilities and record each group member’s name next to their responsibility. When the list is complete, give list to Mr. Hartmann ex: John Doe - Vicksburg, Thomas Jackson

4. There will be only three days of library research to find all the information on the battles and commanders -Use any book in the library, NO INTERNET! **Try these books first: Textbook, Encyclopedia, Biographical Dictionary, Encyclopedia of American Dates and Facts, Civil War Encyclopedia -Find information, copy down facts, share information within the group as facts are discovered, and cross off found facts to narrow down the missing information

5. Double check the list of battle facts and commander facts for completion

6. Complete PowerPoint presentations -Must have 5 W’s completed and one picture of each commander -Format must be exactly the same as the teacher provided example *Only accepted Internet site to get a picture from is: plattscsd.org -> libraries -> SMS -> Mr. Hartmann’s Civil War Project

7. Each group will turn in only one set of completed notes (all battles and all assigned commanders) on the due date. Battles should be in alphabetical order and the commanders should be divided according to side and then put in alphabetical order. The PowerPoint presentation must also be completed by the due date.

8. Each student will complete the peer evaluation form. Please complete this by yourself and be honest, no body will see these evaluations besides the teacher. 1 Project Format and Examples Battle Format:

Name of the Battle (Put the name in bold print and underline) Who: Generals at Battle (Union first / Confederate second) What: Winner of Battle (Union or Confederate Victory) When: Date of Battle Month, Day(s), and Year Where: City or Town, State Why: Important Details of the Battle (These are found on the provided checklist located on pages 3-4)

Battle Example:

Cold Harbor (Each group must type this example out and include it in the complete set of notes) Who: ______What: ______When: ______Where: ______Why: ______

Civil War Battle Facts

Directions: Cross out each of the facts on this sheet as the group finds them. Then, copy each fact into note form the same exact way that the notes are presented under, "Battle Format".

Battles (number given is the number of facts under the section, "Why / Important Details of the Battle")

Antietam (9) Appomattox Courthouse (4) Chancellorsville (5) Cold Harbor (2) Fredericksburg (5) Gettysburg (10) March to the Sea (7) Shiloh (6) Vicksburg (3) 1st Bull Run (8)

Who - Union / Confederate Commanders (All the commanders within the parenthesis’ are at the same battle, North/South) (The commanders listed below are limited to just the commanders that are being researched by the student groups, more were there)

(Burnside, Hooker, Meade / Lee, Longstreet, Jackson, Pickett, Stuart) (Sherman) (Meade / Lee, Longstreet, Pickett, Stuart) (Hooker, Meade / Lee, Jackson, Stuart) (Burnside, Hooker, McClellan, Meade / Lee, Longstreet, Jackson, Stuart) (Grant / Lee) (Grant, Sherman / ) (Burnside, Grant, Meade, Sheridan / Lee, Longstreet, Pickett) (Grant, Sherman / Beauregard, Forrest) (Burnside, Sherman / Beauregard, Longstreet, Jackson, Stuart)

What - Results of Battle

Confederate Victory Confederate Victory Confederate Victory Confederate Victory Union Victory? Union Victory Union Victory Union Victory Union Victory Union Victory

When - Dates

July 21, 1861 April 6-7, 1862 September 17, 1862 December 11 - 15, 1862 April 30 - May 6, 1863 July 1-3, 1863 May 18 - July 4, 1863 May 31 - June 12, 1864 Nov. 15 - Dec. 21, 1864 April 9, 1865 2 Where - Location

Appomattox County, VA Atlanta, GA -> Savannah, GA Chancellorsville, VA Fredericksburg, VA Gettysburg, PA Manassas, VA Pittsburgh Landing, TN Hanover County, VA Sharpsburg, MD Vicksburg, MS

Why - Important Details of the Battle -Write the name of each battle next to it's matching fact and record the fact into your notes under "Why" -The symbol * means that the fact and battle can be found in the text book (pages 516-537) -Words that are underlined will serve as hints

______-known as “Lee’s Perfect Battle” ______-intense fighting at the “Hornets Nest” helped stall the Confederate advance and allowed Union reinforcements to arrive ______-early morning battle in a 250 x 400 yard cornfield that had extreme causalities, but did little for either side ______-total length was 285 miles ______-early battle of the Civil War that proved both sides needed training ______-Lee’s first attempt to bring the war into the North in 1862 *_____-huge battle that was the turning point of the war *_____-burned Atlanta because it was an industrial city *_____-one of the Union’s worst defeats(Union casualties-13,000, Confederate casualties-5,000) *_____-after Chancellorsville, Lee invaded the North for a second time in 1863. He hoped to win a decisive victory in the North and lower Northern morale. Hopefully then Lincoln would be forced to negotiate peace ______-July battle that gave the Confederate Army confidence ______-Union forces surrounded Confederacy in MS and cut off supplies ______-Lee was brilliant and went against text book warfare; split troops into two groups, Lee’s greatest victory ______-fought on same ground of 1862 battle called Gaines Mills ______-Grant ordered Rebels to keep their horses “for spring plowing.” ______-fought 25 miles southwest of Washington D.C. ______-named after a small stream east of the 1861 battlefield ______-freed slaves tried to follow the Union Army through the South ______-ten roads led to the small town (population 2,400), troops met by chance/accident ______-narrow Union victory. Confederates won the first day of battle until 25,000 Union reinforcements show up and helped Grant achieve victory ______-used concept of “total war” *_____-“There is Jackson standing like a stone wall.” - General Bee *_____-51,000 died in three days, 32% of South’s Army (Union-23,000 Confederate-28,000) ______-Union forces outnumbered Confederate forces by two to one (90,000 vs. 40,000), still a very narrow victory for the Union, some historians call this 1862 battle a draw *_____-“The war is over. The rebels are our countrymen.” -Grant ______-proved the war would be long, not short and easy for either side ______-Beauregard wrote Grant a request to stop fighting and bury the dead ______-first mistake: not chasing Union troops and allowing them to regroup ______-“Bloody Lane” was an 800 yard stretch of road that had intense fighting and ended with about 5,600 total casualties *_____-Lee surrendered to Grant on 4/9/1865 ending the Civil War ______-McClellan stalled at driving Lee back South, McClellan is relieved of command. He had a chance to end the war and capture Lee. Outnumbered Southern troops 2:1 3 ______-largest battle in the Americas ______-“the day of the battle was blue, the next morning it was white.” Confederate soldiers stripped the dead and defeated Union Army of their clothes and supplies (1862) ______-Burnside removed of command, replaced by Hooker (After this battle, but before Chancellorsville) ______-purpose: to destroy the South’s ability to wage war *_____-combined with Gettysburg is seen as the turning point of the war ______-Hooker lost his nerve and was unable to make decisive decisions, no one knows why. One thought is the cannon ball that nearly decapitated him. Removed of command, but no permanent replacement ______-named after a small log cabin that served as a Southern Methodist church ______-named after creek near the Miller Farm *_____-Pickett’s Charge - up Cemetery Ridge into gun fire, reached the top of the ridge but couldn’t maintain their position, casualties extreme *_____-134,000 Union (well rested and fed, equipped) vs 61,000 Confederate (tired and hungry) *_____-Lincoln's Gettysburg Address (November 19, 1863) *_____-gave Union total control of the entire Mississippi River, split the South in two ______-Grant would resign if Lee was arrested *_____-more Americans killed or wounded/missing than in the American Revolution, War of 1812, and Mexican War combined (Union-11,000 causalities Confederate-13,000 causalities) *_____-Union victory in 9/1862 allowed President Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation, now Lincoln had dual purpose of preserving the Union and ending slavery *_____-General McDowell removed of command and replaced by George McClellan ______-Meade ignored orders and doesn’t follow Lee ______-following the advice from his men, Burnside asked for a halt in fighting to bury the dead *_____-Jackson shot by own troops, arm amputated 2 inches below L. shoulder, died at 3 P.M. on 5/10/63 of pneumonia, buried in Lexington, VA ______-second mistake: Confederates not taking Round Top *_____-9/17, single bloodiest day in American history (23,100 total US casualties) ______-the Union Army found a copy of Lee’s battle plans wrapped around 3 cigars ______-62,000 troops marched for 37 days through Georgia ______-Union was slaughtered losing 13,000 (Confederates - 2,500), Grant regretted attack ______-first major land battle of the Civil War ______-ironically, the name of this battle means, “place of peace” ______-Savannah was Christmas gift to the President ______- A Confederate soldier was nicknamed, “Angel of Marye’s Heights” after he brought blankets and water to wounded Union soldiers

Bonus Questions:

1. What was the full name of the “inventor” of baseball who fought at Fort Sumter?

2. Describe the event that happened on 10-19-1864 in St. Albans, Vermont.

3. Put the following General-in-Chiefs of the Union Army in sequential order: Meade, Scott, Hooker, McClellan, Burnside, McDowell, Pope, Grant, McClellan

4. What is the full name the famous Civil War nurse that later organized the American Red Cross?

4 Group #1 Civil War Commander Facts

Directions: Cross out each of the facts on this sheet as the group finds them. Then, copy each fact into note form the same exact way that the notes are presented under, "Commander Format".

Commander Format:

Who: Name of Individual What: Role in Civil War: 1)Side 2)Major Battles (Only those battles from the class list) When: Date of Birth: month/day/year (State) - Date of Death: month/day/year (State) Where: Prewar Occupation (ex: jobs, military experience/ previous wars), home Why: Personal Notes (These are found on the provided checklist) *personality, fighting style, interesting facts, post-war career

Commander Example: (Each group must type this example out and include it in the complete set of notes)

Who: Nathan Bedford Forrest What: 1) Confederate 2) Shiloh, Vicksburg When: 7/13/1821 (TN) - 10/29/1877 (TN) Where: planter, slave owner and trader, Memphis city alderman, one of the richest men in the South Why: -no prior military training but was promoted to colonel and given his own regiment because he was a planter who volunteered for the war -44 of his slaves served under him until the end of the war, "Finer Confederates never fought" -reported that he had 30 horses shot out from under him during the Civil War -associated with starting the Ku Klux Klan

Who: George Meade What: 1) Union 2) Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, Chancellorsville, Antietam, Appomattox Courthouse When: 12/31/1815 (Spain) - 11/6/1872 (PA) Where: West Point (1835), Seminole War, Mexican War, civil engineer Why: -didn't follow Lee after Gettysburg -postwar: Army, supervised construction in GA, AL, FL -took over for Hooker, replaced by Grant

Who - Commanders Union Confederate Ambrose Burnside (5) Pierre Beauregard (3) Ulysses S. Grant (8) Nathan Bedford Forrest (4) George Meade (3) James Stuart (3)

What - Role in Civil War and Major Battles 1) Union 2) Shiloh, Vicksburg, Appomattox Courthouse 1) Union 2) Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, Chancellorsville, Antietam, Appomattox Courthouse 1) Union 2) Bull Run, Antietam, Fredericksburg

1) Confederate 2) Bull Run, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg 1) Confederate 2) Bull Run, Shiloh, March to the Sea 1) Confederate 2) Shiloh, Vicksburg 5 When - DOB – DOD (Union on the right, Confederate on the left) 5/23/1824 (IN) - 9/13/1881 (RI) 7/13/1821 (TN) - 10/29/1877 (TN) 12/31/1815 (Spain) - 11/6/1872 (PA) 5/28/1818 (LA) - 2/20/1893 (LA) 4/27/1822 (OH) - 7/23/1885 (NY) 2/6/1833 (VA) - 5/12/1864 (VA)

Where - Pre War Occupation (Union on the top, Confederate on the bottom) West Point (1847), Mexican War, frontier duty, tailor West Point (1843), Mexican War, store clerk West Point (1835), Seminole War, Mexican War, civil engineer

West Point (1838), Mexican War, Superintendent of West Point (1861) planter, slave owner and trader, Memphis City Alderman, one of the richest men in the South West Point (1854), Indian Wars, Bleeding Kansas

Why - Personal Notes for Union Commander -Write the name of each commander next to it's matching fact and record the fact into your notes under "Why"

______-nicknamed, “Ambie” Meade-didn't follow Lee after Gettysburg _____-wrote Lee’s surrender in terms that would prevent treason trials ______-unwilling, slow, cautious general _____-after Shiloh Lincoln stated, “I can’t spare this man, he fights.” _____-after Presidency worked for a financial firm, went bankrupt, suffered from throat cancer and wrote memoirs ______-took over for McClellan as General-in-Chief of the Union Armies, replaced by Hooker _____-criticized for being a butcher, cared only of superior numbers, reckless with his own men _____-post war: Governor of RI, businessman, US Senator of RI _____-drinking problem _____-did not follow traditional war strategy of people like Napoleon Meade-postwar: Army, supervised reconstruction in GA, AL, and FL ______-known more for his hairstyle than his leadership, “Sideburns” _____-served as 18th President _____-general that Lincoln was searching for Meade-took over for Hooker as General-in-Chief of the Union Armies., replaced by Grant

Why / Personal Notes for Confederate Commanders -Write the name of each commander next to it's matching fact and record the fact into your notes under "Why"

_____-Lee's, "eyes and ears" on the battlefield Forrest-no prior military training but was promoted to colonel and given his own regiment because he was a planter who volunteered for the war _____-led attack on Fort Sumter Forrest-reported that he has 30 horses shot out from under him during the Civil War _____-Nicknamed JEB _____-nicknamed, “Little Napoleon” _____-post war: railroad president, lottery supervisor and politician Forrest-44 of his own slaves served under him until the end of the war, "Finer Confederates never fought" _____-helped capture John Brown at Harper's Ferry Forrest-associated with starting the Ku Klux Klan

Directions: Cross out each of the facts on this sheet as the group finds them. Then, copy each fact into note form the same exact way that the notes are presented under, "Commander Format". Commander Format:

Who / Commanders Union Confederate Joe Hooker (5) Nathan Bedford Forrest (4) George Meade (3) Robert E. Lee (6) William Sherman (4) James Longstreet (3)

What / Role in Civil War and Major Battles 1) Union 2) Bull Run, Shiloh, Vicksburg, March to the Sea 1) Union 2) Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, Chancellorsville, Antietam, Appomattox Courthouse, Cold Harbor 1) Union 2) Bull Run, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville,

1) Confederate 2) Bull Run, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Cold Harbor, Antietam, Gettysburg, Appomattox Courthouse 1) Confederate 2) Bull Run, Fredericksburg, Antietam, Gettysburg, Appomattox Courthouse 7 1) Confederate 2) Shiloh, Vicksburg When / DOB – DOD (Union on the right, Confederate on the left) 12/31/1815 (Spain) - 11/6/1872 (PA) 1/19/1807 (VA) - 10/12/1870 (VA) 11/13/1814 (MA) - 10/31/1879 (NY) 1/8/1821 (SC) - 1/2/1904 (GA) 2/8/1820 (OH) - 2/14/1891 (NY) 7/13/1821 (TN) - 10/29/1877 (TN)

Where / Pre War Occupation (Union on the top, Confederate on the bottom) West Point (1837), Seminole War, Mexican War, farmer West Point (1840), Mexican War, banker, lawyer West Point (1835), Seminole War, Mexican War, civil engineer planter, slave owner and trader, Memphis City Alderman, one of the richest men in the South West Point (1829), Mexican War, Superintendent of West Point (1852), Harper's Ferry West Point (1842), Indian Wars, Mexican War

Why / Personal Notes for Union Commanders -Write the name of each commander next to it's matching fact and record the fact into your notes under "Why"

_____-took over for Burnside as General-in-Chief of the Union Armies, replaced by Meade in 1863 Meade-didn’t follow Lee after Gettysburg ______-nicknamed, "Cump", after his middle name _____-cannonball struck a porch near his head and he lost his nerve _____-"War is Hell" _____-nicknamed, “Fighting Joe” _____-promoted to General of the Army after Grant becomes President _____-one of the most immodest and immoral Union commanders Meade-postwar: Army, supervised reconstruction in GA, AL, and FL _____-last name associated with prostitution, as prostitutes were always around camp Meade-took over for Hooker as General-in-Chief of the Union Armies., replaced by Grant _____-modernized warfare: "Total War" - destruction of anything useful to the enemy

_____-property taken over by the Union made into Arlington National Cemetery Forrest-no prior military training but was promoted to colonel and given his own regiment because he was a planter who volunteered for the war _____-father served as one of Washington’s Generals _____-nicknamed, “old Pete” _____-Post War: President of Washington College, now named Washington and Lee in VA _____-one of the best fighters, but over-deliberate to the “Lost Cause” of preserving the old south Forrest-reported that he had 30 horses shot out from under him during the Civil War _____-Lincoln’s first choice to lead US forces, resigned from the US Army in April of 1861 _____-post war: insurance agent, lottery supervisor of Louisiana, US minister to Turkey Forrest-associated with starting the Ku Klux Klan _____-Civil War’s greatest general Forrest-44 of his slaves served under him until the end of the war, "Finer Confederates never fought" _____-set slaves free prior to war, opposed secession

Directions: Cross out each of the facts on this sheet as the group finds them. Then, copy each fact into note form the same exact way that the notes are presented under, "Commander Format".

Commander Format:

Who / Commanders Union Confederate George McClellan (6) Nathan Bedford Forrest (4) George Meade (3) Thomas Jackson (5) Philip Sheridan (3) George Pickett (4)

What / Role in Civil War and Major Battles 1) Union 2) March to the Sea, Appomattox Courthouse 1) Union 2) Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, Chancellorsville, Antietam, Appomattox Courthouse 1) Union 2) Bull Run, Antietam, Fredericksburg

1) Confederate 2) Bull Run, Fredericksburg, Antietam, Chancellorsville 1) Confederate 2) Shiloh, Vicksburg 9 1) Confederate 2) Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, Appomattox Courthouse When / DOB – DOD (Union on the right, Confederate on the left) 12/3/1826 (PA) - 10/29/1885 (NJ) 1/25/1825 (VA) - 7/30/1875 (VA) 3/6/1831 (NY) - 8/5/1888 (MA) 1/21/1824 (VA) - 5/10/1863 (VA) 12/31/1815 (Spain) - 11/6/1872 (PA) 7/13/1821 (TN) - 10/29/1877 (TN)

Where / Pre War Occupation (Union on the top, Confederate on the bottom) West Point (1835), Seminole War, Mexican War, civil engineer West Point (1846), Mexican War, instructor at West Point, railroad executive West Point (1853), frontier duty planter, slave owner and trader, Memphis City Alderman, one of the richest men in the South West Point (1842), Mexican War, professor West Point (1846), Mexican War, frontier duty

Why / Personal Notes for Union Commanders -Write the name of each commander next to it's matching fact and record the fact into your notes under "Why"

_____-great organizer and military strategist, but reluctant to use Army Meade-didn’t follow Lee after Gettysburg _____-Lincoln said he had a case of, “the slows” _____-graduated West Point after one-year suspension for chasing an officer with a bayonet _____-lost the Democratic Presidential candidacy in 1864, lost to Lincoln after being fired twice by Lincoln Meade-postwar: Army, supervised reconstruction in GA, AL, and FL _____-post war: businessman, author, Governor of NJ _____-post war: Army, succeeded Sherman as General of the Army _____-took over for McDowell as General-in-Chief of the Union Armies and replaced by Pope, then took over for Pope as General-in-Chief of the Union Armies and replaced by Burnside _____-led Union Army at Shenandoah Valley, where Confederate Commander Stuart was killed _____-basically built Union Army from scratch Meade-took over for Hooker as General-in-Chief of the Union Armies., replaced by Grant

Forrest-no prior military training but was promoted to colonel and given his own regiment because he was a planter who volunteered for the war _____-at Five Forks went on a picnic and was attacked, lost front line, demoted _____-”The Stonewall Brigade never retreats!” Forrest-reported that he had 30 horses shot out from under him during the Civil War _____-nicknamed “Stonewall” after Bull Run and his refusal to retreat _____-post war: insurance agent _____-great commander and there has been much speculation over how the South would have done if he was not killed, Lee’s top commander _____-shot in hand at Bull Run, ran from doctor prior to amputation _____-graduated last in class at West Point Forrest-44 of his slaves served under him until the end of the war, "Finer Confederates never fought" _____-shot by own troops at Chancellorsville, young soldier fired upon him in disbelief and was shot in arm, amputated 2 inches below shoulder, died 8 days later of pneumonia _____-led famous, but tragic, charge up Cemetery Ridge during Gettysburg Forrest-associated with starting the Ku Klux Klan. 10