Zakir Husain Centre for Education

Dhruv Raina 5th August 2004

Associate Professor Zakir Husain Centre for Education Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi 110067, INDIA.

EDUCATION QUALIFICATIONS

 Ph. D. (Theory of Science) – Department of Theory of Science and Research, University of Göteborg, Sweden.

 Master of Science (Physics) - Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay.

 Bachelor of Science -. St. Joseph's College of Arts and Science, Bangalore: Affiliated to Bangalore University.

 Dhruv Raina, Bernal: the Last Great Amateur of Science, in Kannada; translated by C.Yethiraju; Tumkur, 1990.

 S.Irfan Habib and Dhruv Raina (Eds.), Situating the History of Sciences: Dialogues with Joseph Needham, Oxford University Press, 1999.

 Dhruv Raina, Images and Contexts: Studies in the Historiography of Science in India, Oxford University Press, 2003.

 Dhruv Raina and S.Irfan Habib, Domesticating Modern Science: A Social History of Science and Culture in Colonial India, Tulika Books, 2004.

RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS

Science Policy

 Dhruv Raina, “On the Methodology of Preparing a Science and Technology Plan”, in A. Ahmed, M.A. Qureshi (eds.), Science and Society, NISTADS -UNESCO, 1984.  Dhruv Raina and Vinod Vyasulu, “Science, Technology and the Non- Role of Parliament”, Economic and Political Weekly, xix, 4, 1984, 165 -66.  Dhruv Raina, “Science Commoditised or Science for Consumption”, KRVP Workshop on Minimum Core Science and Technology Package, IISc, Bangalore, Feb. 1990; published in Economic and Political Weekly, 6th October 1990, 2245-2247.  Dhruv Raina, “Scientific Reflexivity: The Public Understanding of Science and why Scientism beats a Retreat”, Economic and Political Weekly, vol.XXVIII, no.42, October 16, 1993, 2258-2261.  Dhruv Raina, “Where the History of Science Informs Science Policy: An Indian Fin de Siecle Scenario on the “New Knowledge” and Development”, text of lecture delivered at International Centre of Theoretical Physics at Trieste; News from ICTP - No 74/75 -September -October 1993, 14-17.  Dhruv Raina and Ashok Jain, “Interdisciplinary Studies at NISTADS”, Interdisciplinary Science Reviews 19,3, 1994, 211 -217.  Dhruv Raina, “The Science Congress in a New Context: Some Reflections”, Prepared for the Jaipur Science Congress, January 1994. Published in Science and Culture, 60, 1-12, pp.81-83.  Dhruv Raina, “Science and its publics”, India International Centre Quarterly, Summer 1999, pp.42-53.

Philosophy of Science

 Dhruv Raina, “Quantum Logic, Copenhagen Interpretation and Instrumentalism”, Journal of the Indian Council for Philosophical Research, v, 3, 1988, 79-89.  Dhruv Raina and Navjyoti Singh, “The Jaina Theory of Motion”, Arhat Vacana 1, 1, 1988. Earlier presented at the International Conference on Jaina Mathematics and Cosmology, 1985.  Dhruv Raina, “A Historio-Philosophical Investigation of Anti- Science: The Phenomenological Encounter”, Journal of the Indian Council for Philosophical Research, vi, 1, 1988, 47 -59.

Studies on the Politics of Knowledge in Colonial India

 S.Irfan Habib and Dhruv Raina, “The Introduction of Modern Science into India: A Study of Ramchundra, Educationist and Mathematician”, Annals of Science, 46, (1989), 597-610; also Habib and Raina, “Vaijnanik Soch ko Samarpit”, Sancha, June-July, 1988, 76-83.  Dhruv Raina and S.Irfan Habib, “Cultural Foundations of a Nineteenth Century Mathematical Project”, Economic and Political Weekly, xxiv, 37, 1989, 2082-2086.  S.Irfan Habib and Dhruv Raina, “Copernicus, Colombus, Colonialism, and the Role of Science in Nineteenth Century India”, Social Scientist, 17, 3-4, 1989, 51-66.  Dhruv Raina and S.Irfan Habib, “Ramchundra's Treatise through the Haze of the Golden Sunset: The Aborted Pedagogy”, Social Studies of Science, vol.20 (1990), 455-72.  Dhruv Raina, “Ramchundra's Treatise Through the Unsentimentalised Light of Mathematics or the Mathematical Foundation of a Cultural Project”: Presented at the International Colloquium on Science and Empires, Paris (CNRS), 1990; modified version of the paper with the same title appeared in Historia Mathematica, 19, (1992), 371-384.  Dhruv Raina and S.Irfan Habib, “Technical Content and Social Context: Locating Technical Institutes. The First Two Decades in the History of the Kala Bhavan (1890-1910)”; in P. Petitjean et al. (eds.), Science and Empires, 121-136, Kluwer Academic Publisher, Netherlands, 1992. A longer version appeared as “Technical Institutes in Colonial India: Kala Bhavan, Baroda (1890- 1910)”, Economic and Political Weekly, xxvi, 46, Nov. 1991, 2619 - 2624.  S.Irfan Habib and Dhruv Raina, “The Discourse on Scientific Rationality: A Study of Master Ramchandra”, in T.Niranjana, P.Sudhir, V.Dhareshwar, Interrogating Modernity: Culture and Colonialism in India, Seagull Books, 1993, pp.369-375.  Dhruv Raina and S.Irfan Habib, “The Unfolding of an Engagement: The Dawn on Science, Technical Education and Industrialisation”, Studies in History, 9,1, 1993, 87-117.  Dhruv Raina and S.Irfan Habib, “Bhadralok Perceptions of Science, Technology and Cultural Nationalism”, Indian Economic and Social History Review, 32, 1, 1995, pp. 95 -117.  Dhruv Raina, “Mathematics and Colonialism: Another Version in the Empire Strikes Back Series”, Bulletin of Sciences, October -December, 1991, 22-26.  Dhruv Raina and S.Irfan Habib, “The Moral Legitimation of Science: Bhadralok Reflections on the Theory of Evolution”, Social Studies of Science 26 (1996), 9-42.  Dhruv Raina and S.Irfan Habib, “Patronage, Rivalry and Competition: The Structure of Scientific Exchange”, Presented at the ORSTOM Conference; Beyond the Metropolis: Science in 2000, September 1994; published as “The Structure of Scientific Exchanges in the Age of Colonialism: Patronage, Competition and Rivalry”, in Patrick Petitjean (Ed.), Les Sciences Coloniales: Figures et Institutions, vol.2, ORSTOM Editions, Paris, 1997.  Dhruv Raina, Ashok Jain, “Big Science and the University in India”, John Krige and Dominique Pestre (Eds.), Science in the Twentieth Century, Harwood Publishers, 1997, 859-877.  Dhruv Raina and S.Irfan Habib, ”Intersecting Frames: Colonialism, Nationalism and the Institutionalisation of Science in India”, for the UNESCO Volume on The Cultural History of Mankind, Volume 8, forthcoming.  Dhruv Raina and S.Irfan Habib, ”The National Movement in India and the Creation of a Scientific and Industrial Research System”, for the UNESCO Volume on The Cultural History of Mankind, Volume 8, forthcoming.  Dhruv Raina, “Visvesvaraya as Engineer-Sociologist and the Evolution of his Techno- Economic Vision”, Presented at XIIIth Course for Senior Executives on Leadership and Society: An Integrated Approach to Knowledge and Information, National Institute for Advanced Studies, Bangalore, 7th January 1999. Published NIAS lecture L1, 2001.  Dhruv Raina and S.Irfan Habib, “The Voyages of Abu Talib Khan and Le Gentil: A Preliminary Comparative Study of the Scientific Imagination in Eighteenth Century Indian and French Travelogues”, appearing in Epistemologie, 2002.  S.Irfan Habib and Dhruv Raina, “Reinventing Traditional Medicine: Method, Institutional Change and the Manufacture of Drugs and Medication in Late Colonial India”, appearing in Joseph Alter (Ed.), Medicine and the Nation, Pittsburgh University Press. 2004,

Science and Social Movements

 Dhruv Raina, “The Technological Determinism Embodied in a Development Research Programme: Or Doing Appropriate Technology in a Big-Science/High-Tech Environment”, Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 52, July 1993, 471-482.  Dhruv Raina, “The Lost Frontiers of Popular Science: A Taxonomy of Popular Writing on Science (1850 - 1914)”, Presented at the Seminar on Science Popularization in Pre- Independence India, New Delhi, April 21, 1995; A modified version of this paper is appearing as “Lamenting the Past, Anticipating the Future: A Chronology of Popular Science Writing in India (1850 - 1914)” in Narender K.Sehgal, Satpal Sangwan and Subodh Mahanti (Eds.), Uncharted Terrains: Essays on Science Popularization in Pre-Independence India, Vigyan Prasar, 2000, pp.54-64.

Social Theory of Science and Technology

 Dhruv Raina, “Situating the History of Technology in a Philosophical Triptych: Contours for Future Research”, International Atomic Energy Agency and UNESCO, International Centre for Theoretical Physics IC/93/88, 1993.  Dhruv Raina, “The Tension Between Romanticism and Scientism in Pre-colonial Reconstructions of Science in India”, EASST Newsletter 13, 2 (1994), 2-15.  Dhruv Raina, “Tensions in Colonial and Post-colonial Reconsturctions of Science in India”, EASST Newsletter 13, 3, 1994, 20-27.  Dhruv Raina, “The Dialectic of the Scientistic and Romantic: Tensions in Colonial and Post-colonial Reconstructions of Science in India”, Presented at the 13th European Congress of Modern South Asian Studies, September, 1994, Toulouse. This is a detailed version of the papers that appeared in the EASST Newsletter. A modified version of this paper entitled “Evolving Perspectives on Science and History: A Chronicle of Modern India's Scientific Enchantment and Disenchantment (1850 - 1980)”, Social Epistemology, 11, 1, 1997, 3-24.  Dhruv Raina, “The Early Years of P.C.Ray: The Inauguration of the School of Chemistry and the Social History of Science”, Science Technology & Society ,2, 1, 1997,1- 40 .  Dhruv Raina, “Changing Perspectives on Science and Politics: Nazism and the Science of Rassen Hygiene”, Germinal,1, 1994, 128-138.  Dhruv Raina, “Homage to an Honarary Taoist”, Economic and Political Weekly July 1995, 1904 -1906.  Dhruv Raina, “Reconfiguring the Centre! On the Structure of Scientific Exchages in Colonial India”, Minerva, 34: 161 - 176, 1996.  Dhruv Raina, “Ray's “Life and Experiences” as a Text on the History of Science”, in Santimay Chatterjee, M.K.Dasgupta, Amitabha Ghosh (Eds.), Studies in History of Sciences, The Asiatic Society, Calcutta, 1997, 25-42.  Dhruv Raina, “A Historiographic Review of the Indian Journal of the History of Science and a Prelimnary Sociology of the Discipline in India”, NISTADS- MIMEOGRAPH HPSS/ 960522, 1996. Modified Version of this paper Dhruv Raina, “Historiographic Concerns Underlying Indian Journal of History of Science: A Bibliometric Inference”, Economic and Political Weekly, vol. XXXIII, 8, February 21, 1998, pp.407- 414.  Dhruv Raina and S.Irfan Habib, “The Missing Picture: The Non-emergence of a Needhamian History of Sciences of India”, Presented at Science the Refreshing River: International Conference on Science and Civilisations, New Delhi, September 1996, in S.Irfan Habib and Dhruv Raina (Eds), Situating the History of Sciences: Dialogues with Joseph Needham, Oxford University Press, 1999, pp.279-302. Published as “Queshi de tuxiang: LiyuePi ghi de Yindu bexue shi he yi mo-yu chuxian”, in Liu Dunn and Wang Yangzong (Eds.) Zhongguo bexue yu kexue geming: Liyue nanh ji qi xiangguan wenji yanjui lun zhuxuan, Shenyang (Liaoning Province), 2002, pp.759-781.  Dhruv Raina, “Beyond the Diffusionist History of Colonial Science”, Social Epistemology, 1998, 12, 2, 203-213.  Dhruv Raina, “Introduction”, in S.Irfan Habib, Dhruv Raina, (Eds.) Situating the History of Sciences: Dialogues with Joseph Needham, Oxford University Press,1999, pp.1 -15.  Dhruv Raina, “French Jesuit Scientists in India: Historical Astronomy in the Discourse on India (1670-1770)”, Economic and Political Weekly, vol. XXXIV, January 1999, pe 30- 38.  Dhruv Raina, “L’essor et le declin de l’ethnographie: les ,mémoires de Le Gentil sur l’astronomie indienne: (1760-1787)”, Rencontre avec l’Inde, Tome XXVII, 1998, pp.113- 128.  Dhruv Raina, “From West to Non-West?: Basalla’s Three Stage Model Revisited”, Science as Culture,8, 4, 1999; 497-516.  Dhruv Raina, “Modernisation in East Asia: Alternate Theories of Science” Science as Culture, 8, 2, 1999, pp. 239-249.  Dhruv Raina, ”`The Present in the Past: Trajectories for the Social History of Science”, in Romila Thapar (Ed.), India: Another Millennium?, Viking, 2000, pp.17-35.  Dhruv Raina, “Jean-Baptiste Biot on the History of Indian Astronomy (1830-1860): The Nation in the Post-Enlightenment Historiography of Science”, appearing in Indian Journal of History of Science , 35, 4 2000, 319-346.  Dhruv Raina, “Disciplinary Boundaries and Civilisational Encounter: the Mathematics and Astronomy of India in Delambre’s Histoire (1800-1820)”, Studies in History , 17, 2, 2001.  Dhruv Raina, “Cognitive Homologies in the Studies of science in Indian Antiquity: A Historiographic Axis of the Indian Journal of History of Science”, in Alain Arrault and Catherine Jami (Eds.), Science and Technology in East Asia: The Legacy of Joseph Needham, Brepols:Belgium, 2001; pp. 95-110.  Dhruv Raina, “Betwixt Jesuit and Enlightenment Historiography: The Context of jean- Sylvain Bailly’s History of Indian Astronomy”, appearing in Revue d’Histoire de Mathématiques, 2003, 9, p.101-153.  Dhruv Raina, “A Postcolonial Reading of the Enlightenment’s History of non-Western mathematics”, in Alain le Pichon (Ed.), Les Assises de la Connaissance Réciproque, Le Robert, 2003, pp. 129-139.  Dhruv Raina, “Towards a Global History of Science”, in Abhay Kumar, Prasenjit Bose, Samik Lahiri (eds.), Behind the Blackboard: Contemporary Perspectives on Indian Education, Volume 2, 2002, pp. 136-149.  Dhruv Raina, “Common Universes of discourse: A Dialogue between Sarton and Coomaraswamy on Knowledge and Disciplines”, Paideusis – Journal for Interdisciplinary and Cross-Cultural Studies, Volume, 3, 2003.  Dhruv Raina, “How to go to Heaven or How the heavens go”, Part I, Metanexus (e- journal), 2004, 02, 17  Dhruv Raina, “How to go to Heaven or How the heavens go”, Part II, Metanexus (e- journal), 2004, 02, 19 Scientometrics

 Dhruv Raina, B.M.Gupta, Rohit Kandhari, “Evolutionary Trends and Collaboration in Indian Physics: A Study of Four Disciplines and Four Physicists”, Scientometrics, 33, 3, 1995, pp. 295 - 314.  Dhruv Raina and B.M.Gupta, “Four Aspects of the Institutionalization of Physics Research in India: Between Sociology and Bibliometrics”, Scientometrics, 1998, 42, 1, 17- 40.

RESEARCH PAPERS AND REPORTS

 Dhruv Raina, “Health Status in Karanataka”, KSCST Workshop on Rural Health Care, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, March 1982.  Dhruv Raina, “White Paper” on KSCSTs SPP Programme, 1982  A.K.N. Reddy, S. Rajagopalan, Dhruv Raina, “The Functions of National and State Level Science and Technology Bodies -Some Suggestions”, Second Workshop of State Councils for Science and Technology, Trivandrum, April 1983.  Dhruv Raina, “Attempt at a Definition of an Educational Programme”, KSCST, 1984.  Dhruv Raina, “From Derivation to Postulation: A Preliminary Investigation on the Structural Inversion in Physics”, ICPR - NISTADS Report, 1986.  Dhruv Raina and S.Irfan Habib, “Bhadralok Reflections on Science and Morality: Theories of Evolution, Thermodynamics and a Morality of the Body, the Body-Politick and the Cosmos”, 1992 Mimeograph-NISTADS 920530.  Dhruv Raina, Gauhar Raza, Bharvi Dutt, Surjeet Singh, “The Social Context of Scientific Attitudes: Representations of Science at a Congregation of religious Pilgrims in Northern India (Allahabad Kumbh Mela, 1989)”, NISTADS mimeograph 1993.  Dhruv Raina, T.V.Venkateswaran, Rammi Kapoor, “International Catalog of Sources for History of Physical and Applied Sciences: From Indian Research Institutes, Foundations and Universities”, NISTADS REPORT - HPSS/ 940131, 1994.  Dhruv Raina and S.Irfan Habib (Eds.), Chapter 37, UNESCO’s History of Mankind, Volume 7, Forthcoming Routledge. 

POPULAR WRITING AND BOOK REVIEWS:

Popular writing and book reviews:  Newspapers: The Hindu.  Journals: Current Literature of Science of Science, Current Science, Economic and Political Weekly, Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, Science as Culture, Seminar, Social Epistemology, The Book Review.  Magazines: Down to Earth.  Currently working with a team doing popular programme on the history of sciences for All India Radio