Masters in Clinical Optometry

(2 –year programme) Master in Clinical Optometry

Objective: To train optometrists in specialized areas of clinical optometry.

Eligibility: 4 – year BS in optometry or its equivalent from any recognized university.

Course Duration: Two years

Semester – I Code Course NO. OF HOURS MCOP101 Epidemiology 40 MCOP102 Binocular Vision -I 60 MCOP103 Research Methodology 40 MCOP104 Low Vision care-I 40 MCOP105 Community Optometry 40 MCOP106 Basic Sciences & Advanced Ocular Diagnostics 60 Total 280 Semester – II Code Course NO. OF HOURS MCOP101 Recent Advances in Optometry 50 MCOP102 Low Vision Care - II 40 MCOP103 Binocular Vision- II 50 MCOP104 Advanced Contact lens 50 MCOP105 Technical Communication 40 MCOP106 Seminar 50 Total 280 Semester – III Code Course MCOP 301 Clinics & Project Semester – IV Code Course MCOP 401 Clinics & Project Syllabus detail: Epidemiology: Course Objective: This course deals with the basic s of ocular epidemiology and presents details on various eye diseases. It also introduces the students to the concepts of preventive measures.

1) Prevalence ,incidence and distribution of visual impairment 2) Methodology a) Basics of Epidemiology study methods b) Types of study designs c) Screening for visual disorders 3) Childhood blindness 4) Refractive errors and presbyopia 5) Age related cataract 6) Low Vision 7) Diabetic retinopathy 8) Glaucoma 9) Age related Macular Degeneration 10)Vitamin A deficiency 11)Corneal and external diseases 12) Prevention strategies

Research Methodology OBJECTIVE: This course is designed to provide the students the basic knowledge in Bio-statistics. At the conclusion of the course, the students will have the knowledge of data collection, statistical application and finally, presentation of the statistical data.

1) Introduction and method of collecting and presenting of statistical data 2) Calculation and interpretation of various measures like mean, median, standard deviations, Skewness and Kurtosis 3) Probability distribution 4) Correlation and regression 5) Significance tests and confidence intervals 6) Parametric tests – a) Test for single proportion b) Test for Equality of proportions c) Test for single mean d) Test for equality of means 7) ANOVA:- a) One way b) Two way 2) Non parametric tests – a) Chi-square tests b) Fisher’s exact test c) McNemar test d) Mann-whitney U-test e) Median test f) Sign test g) Wilcoxon test Binocular Vision - I and II: Course objective: This course gives both in-depth theoretical knowledge and clinical exposure in Pediatric vision care. The outcomes of this course are: Thorough understanding of the visual development issues, evaluation of pediatric subjects, non-surgical management of the pediatric binocular and refractive problems, and amblyopes.

1) Refractive Development: a. Early Refractive Development b. Visually Guided control of Refractive State: Animal Studies c. Infant Accommodation and Convergence

2) Oculomotor Function: a. Conjugate Eye Movements of Infants b. Development of the Vestibuloocular and Optokinetic reflexes

3) Spatial and Chromatic Vision: a. Front-end Limitations to Infant Spatial vision: Examination of two analyses b. Development of the Human Visual Field c. Development of Scotopic Retinal Sensitivity d. Infant Color vision e. Orientation and Motion selective Mechanisms in Infants f. Intrinsic Noise and Infant performance

4) Binocular Vision: a. Development of interocular vision in Infants b. Stereopsis in Infants and its developmental relation to visual acuity c. Sensorimotor Adaptation and Development of the Horopter d. Two stages in the development of Binocular Vision and Eye Alignment

5) Retinal and cortical Development: 6) Abnormal Visual Development: 7) What next in Infant Research: 8) Clinical Applications: a. Assessment of Child Vision and Refractive Error b. Refractive Routines in the Examination of Children c. Cycloplegic Refraction d. Color Vision Assessment in Children e. Dispensing for the Child patient f. Pediatric Contact Lens Practice g. Dyslexia and Optometry Management h. Electrodiagnostic Needs of Multiple Handicapped Children i. Management Guidelines – Ametropia, Contant Strabismus j. Management Guidelines – Amblyopia k. Accommodation and Vergence anomalies l. Nystagmus m. Common genetic problems in Pediatric optometry n. Pediatric Ocular Diseases o. Ocular Trauma in Children p. Myopia control q. Clinical uses of prism 9) Strabismus & its Optometric treatment 10) Behavioral techniques in Optometry 11) Neuro Optometric rehabilitation 12) Perceptual therapy 13) Vision therapy procedures Low Vision Care - I and II: Course Objectives: This course gives both in-depth theoretical knowledge and clinical exposure in Low Vision care. The outcomes of this course are: Thorough understanding of the causes of the low vision, its functional and psychosocial consequences, and rehabilitational measures through didactic lectures and clinical postings.

Lectures: 1) Visual Disorders – Medical Perspective a. The Epidemiology of Vision Impairment b. Vision Impairment in the pediatric population c. Ocular Diseases : i. Age – Related Cataract, ii. Glaucoma iii. ARMD iv. Diabetic retinopathy v. Corneal Disorders vi. Ocular Trauma vii. Sensory Neuro-ophthalmology and Vision Impairment viii. Refractive Disorders

2) Visual Disorders – The Functional Perspective a. Low Vision and Psychophysics b. Visual Functioning in Pediatric Populations with Low Vision c. Perceptual correlates of Optical Disorders d. Functional aspects of Neural Visual Disorders of the eye and Brain e. Visual Disorders and Performance of specific Tasks requiring vision

3) Visual Disorders – The Psychosocial Perspective a. Developmental perspectives – Youth b. Vision Impairment and Cognition c. Spatial orientation and Mobility of people with vision impairments d. Social skills Issues in vision impairment e. Communication and language : Issues and concerns f. Developmental perspectives on Aging and vision loss g. Vision and cognitive Functioning in old age

4) Interactions of Vision Impairment with other Disabilities and sensory Impairments. a. Children with Multiple Impairments b. Dual Vision and Hearing Impairment c. Diabetes Mellitus and Vision Impairment d. Vision Problems associated with Multiple Sclerosis e. Vision Impairment related to Acquired Brain Injury f. Vision and Dementia g. Low Vision and HIV infection

5) The Environment and Vision Impairment: Towards Universal Design a. Indian Disabilities act b. Children’s Environments c. Environments of Older people d. Outdoor environments e. Lighting to enhance visual capabilities f. Signage and way finding g. Accessible Environments through Technology

6) Vision Rehabilitation: a. In Western Countries b. In Asia c. Personnel preparation in Vision Rehabilitation

7) Psychological and social factors in visual Adaptation and Rehabilitation a. The Role of psychosocial Factors in adaptation to vision Impairment and Habilitation outcomes for Children and Youth b. The Role of psychosocial Factors in adaptation to vision Impairment and Habilitation outcomes for Adults and Older adults c. Social support and adjustment to vision Impairment across the life span d. The person – Environment perspective of vision impairment e. Associated Depression, Disability and rehabilitation f. Methodological strategies and issues in social research on vision Impairment and rehabilitation

8) Habilitation of Children and Youth with vision Impairment 9) Rehabilitation of working –age Adults with Vision Impairment 10)Rehabilitation of older Adults with Vision Impairment 11) Functional consequences of vision Impairment 12)Vision evaluation of Infants 13)Educational assessment of visual function in Infants and Children 14)Functional Evaluation of the Adult 15)Functional orientation and Mobility 16)Functional Assessment of Low Vision for Activities of Daily living 17)Psychosocial assessment of adults with vision impairment 18)Assistive Devices and Technology for Low Vision 19)Assistive Devices and Technology for Blind 20) Vision and Reading - Normals Vs Low Vision 21) Clinical Implications of color vision Deficiencies 22) Electro diagnosis in evaluating and managing the low vision patient Community Optometry: Course Objective: To inculcate the theoretical knowledge and clinical exposure of community optometry. The outcomes of the course are: thorough understanding of conducting of screening for specific eye conditions, and resultant implications through theoretical and practical exposure.

1) Concept of Health and Disease 2) Principles of Epidemiology and Epidemiological Methods 3) Screening for Eye Disease – Refractive errors, Low Vision, Cataract, Diabetic retinopathy, Glaucoma, Amblyopia, Squint. 4) Blindness 5) Health Information and Basic Medical Statistics 6) Communication for Health Education 7) Health Planning and Management 8) Health care of community 9) How to plan and implement Vision2020 Technical Communication: Course Objective: This course deals with the various communication aspects for both scientific and non-scientific audience.

1) Role and importance of communication 2) Effectiveness in oral and written communication 3) Technical reports 4) Technical proposals 5) Technical descriptions 6) Definitions and classifications 7) Business correspondence 8) Precis writing 9) Memorandum 10)Notices 11)Agenda and Minutes 12)Oral communications related to meetings ,seminar, conferences 13)Group discussions 14)Use of modern communications aids Recent Advances in Clinical Optometry: In this course latest articles published in optometry and vision science journals will be discussed. This will enable the students to keep abreast of latest developments in the field of optometry and vision science. Advance Contact Lens : Course Objectives: This course gives both in-depth theoretical knowledge and clinical exposure in Contact lens. The outcomes of this course are: Thorough understanding of the contact lens manufacturing, fitting, and care regimen in simple refractive errors and complicated conditions through didactic lectures and clinical exposure.

1) Extended and Continuous wear Lenses 2) Scleral Contact lenses 3) Bifocal and Multifocal contact lenses 4) Orthokeratology 5) Keratoconus 6) Post keratoplasty contact lens fitting 7) Post refractive surgery contact lens fitting 8) Pediatric contact lens fitting 9) Cosmetic and prosthetic contact lens fitting 10) Contact lens for abnormal ocular conditions 11) Contact lens and Myopia control 12) Legal issues and contact lenses 13) Contact lens manufacturing 14) Modifications procedures 15)Anatomy and Physiology of the Cornea and related Structures 16)Contact Lens Materials 17)Microbiology, Lens Care and Maintenance 18)Tears and contact lenses 19)Optics and Lens Design 20)Clinical Instrumentation in contact lens practice 21)Rigid Gas Permeable corneal lens fitting 22)Soft contact lens fitting 23)Toric Contact lens fitting 24) Lens care regimen 25)Contact lens standards 26) Lens checking : Soft and Rigid 27) Contact lens complications 28) Special types of Contact lenses – diagnosis, surgery, protective, therapeutic, sports, partially sighted Basic Sciences & Advanced Ocular Diagnostics:\ Course Objectives: This course gives both in-depth theoretical knowledge and clinical exposure ocular diseases & the diagnostic procedures. The outcomes of this course are: Thorough understanding of the causes and treatment of ocular diseases, and referral criteria at appropriate stages through didactic lectures and clinical postings.

1. Review of all the basic sciences (Anatomy, physiology, microbiology, pathology & pharmacology) 2. Anterior segment diseases 3. Posterior segments diseases 4. Neuro Ophthalmology 5. Diagnostic procedures 6. Ocular therapeutics CLINICS:

Pediatric Clinics: 1) With Pediatric Ophthalmologist in OPD 2) In Pediatric OPD 3) In Orthoptic Department 4) Visual rehabilitation centre 5) Children Vision Screening Camps

Low Vision Clinics: 1) Low vision clinics 2) Spastic children evaluation 3) Low vision screening camp 4) Integrated/Inclusive/Special school posting for a week period. 5) Case report – submitting and presentations

Community Optometry Clinics: 1) Community eye care Hospitals 2) Teleophthalmology postings 3) Planning and conducting of Vision and Eye Screening 4) Screening report writing.

Contact Lens Clinics: 1) Rigid Contact lens fitting in Simple refractive errors 2) Soft contact lens fitting in Simple Refractive errors 3) Bifocal fitting 4) Scleral contact lens fitting 5) Orthokeratology 6) Postrefractive surgery 7) Postkeratoplasty fitting 8) Abnormal cornea 9) Cosmetic contact lens 10) Bandage lens fitting