Wildcat Invitational Tournament

ROUND 2 WILDCAT INVITATIONAL TOURNAMENT

TOSSUPS

1. This politician’s book A Constitutional View of the Late War Between the States is often cited as the best statement of the South’s position on secession. Called “Little Ellick” because of his infirmities and small stature, he served as a Whig in the House from 1843-59, and although elected to the Senate in 1866 was barred from his seat because his state had not adhered to Reconstruction. Chief Confederate delegate to the Hampton Roads peace conference, FTP, who was this Georgian who frequently opposed Jefferson Davis as vice president of the Confederacy? Answer: Alexander Stephens

2. A highlight of this opera is the duet “Jako matka”. In it, Kecal offers a bribe of 300 gulden to ensure that Micha’s son Vasek will marry Marenka instead of the mysterious Jenik. Jenik accepts the bribe on the condition that he will only give up Marenka to a son of Micha, and the proceeds the reveal he is the son of Micha, pockets the money, and marries Marenka. FTP, what is this folk opera by Bedrich Smetana? Answer: The Bartered Bride (or Prodana nevesta)

3. In plant cells this process occurs when Golgi-derived vesicles coalesce in a plane across the equator of the late telophase spindle, resulting in a cell plate which forms between two daughter cells. In animal cells, a ring of contractile microfilaments consisting of actin and myosin constricts the cell. FTP, what is this process occurring after mitosis in which the cytoplasm is divided? Answer: cytokinesis

4. This poem begins with a long Latin epigraph concerning the multitude of “invisible creatures” that inhabit the world, and it is sometimes published with scholarly notes typed into the margins which seem designed to confuse rather than enlighten the reader. The protagonist is finally rescued by a Pilot, his son, and a Hermit, but not before encountering Life-in-Death, dreaming of a spirit “nine fathoms deep” following his ship, and seeing his 50 sailors die while his ship is stranded without winds. FTP, what is this poem about a sailor who shoots an albatross by Samuel Taylor Coleridge? Answer: The Rime of the Ancient Mariner

5. The most famous one of these was the one of Prague belonging to Judah Low. Designed to be perfect servants, they would often follow their instructions too literally, producing catastrophic results, and were animated by placing on their heads a piece of paper containing one of the names of God. Usually made of clay, FTP, what were these effigies endowed with life to serve as protectors of the Jews during times of persecution? Answer: Golems

6. Probably dating from the 2nd century BCE, it was renovated by Herod the Great from 37 to 31 BCE, who added aqueducts, a bath-house, and two palaces. In 66 AD it was seized by Zealots and held until 73 AD, when, after a two-year seige by 15,000 troops, all but two women and five children committed suicide rather than surrender. Located in the mountains 1,300 feet above the Dead Sea, FTP, what was this fortress, the symbol of national Jewish heroism? Answer: Masada

7. This psychologist’s first important publication in the field was Lectures on the Mind of Humans and Animals, which like most of his other writings was translated into English by his student E.B. Titchener. His two-volume Principles of Physiological Psychology contained the concept of apperception, and advocated the use of introspective analysis to study psychology from the point of view of the experiencing person, making him the founder of structuralism. FTP, who was this publisher of the first psychology journal and founder of the first experimental laboratory of psychology? Answer: Wilhelm Wundt 8. The “flowers of” this element is a powder obtained by subliming its vapour, while if its molten form is quickly cooled the reddish-brown “plastic” form of it is obtained. Its stable crystal form is rhombic below 95.6 degrees Celsius, while above this temperature it takes triclinic form. Both forms contain cyclic molecules composed of eight of these atoms. Obtained by the Frasch process, FTP, what is this yellow nonmetalic group 16 element symbolized S? Answer: Sulphur

9. In this novel, Maria marries the boring Rushworth but eventually runs off with Henry Crawford, leading Julia to elope with Yates. Henry had earlier used his ability to gain a Navy promotion for William as leverage to try to marry the protagonist, the daughter of a disabled drunken sailor who has come to live with her wealthy aunt and uncle. Finally, Edmund Bertram comes to his senses, stops pursuing Mary Crawford, and marries the protagonist, Fanny Price. FTP, this is a description of what novel by Jane Austen? Answer: Mansfield Park

10. This musician’s middle name was Sphere. Composer of Epistrophy and Straight No Chaser, with Dizzy Gillespie and Charlie Parker this jazz pianist is considered one of the founders of the “be bop” style of music. FTP, who was this composer of Round Midnight who possessed a religious surname? Answer: Thelonius Monk

11. This Native American was killed at his ancestral home at Mount Hope when he was betrayed by an informer. The brother of Wamsutta and second son of Massasoit, his dignity and unbending spirit frightened New England settlers as chief of the Wampanoag Indians, and when three of his warriors were executed for killing the tribal informer John Sassamon he led the Wampanoag, Narragansett, Abnaki, Ninmuck, and Mohawk tribes in war against the settlers. FTP, who was this leader of the most severe Indian war in New England history, known by his regal English name? Answer: King Philip of Pokanoket or Metacomet

12. This god is married to Idun, goddess of eternal youth. Oaths were sworn over his cup, and drinks were taken from it in honor of a dead king. Regarded as a son of Odin and Frigg, his tongue is carved with runes, and he inspired skalds by letting them drink from the mead of poetry. FTP, who was this Norse god of poetry and eloquence? Answer: Bragi

13. This scientist coined the term metabolism while showing that fermentation of sugar is a result of the life processes of living yeast cells. In 1836 he isolated pepsin from the lining of the stomach, making him the first to isolate an enzyme from animal tissue, and with Matthais Schleiden is considered the founder of cell theory. FTP, who was this German physiologist for whom cells in the myelin sheath are named? Answer: Theodor Schwann

14. At different times this literary character has affairs with Ruth Leonard, Themla Harrison, and his son Nelson’s wife Pru Lubell, engages in a spouse swapping scheme with the Murketts, and works at Springer Motors with his wife Janice’s lover Charlie Stavros. First seen as a demostrator of kitchen gadgets in Brewer, Pennsylvania, he aimlessly flees south whenever he is confronted with a major problem, such as the time he is implicated in the drowning death of his second child, and he is last seen near death after a heart attack suffered during a pickup basketball game. FTP, who is this former high-school sports star, the subject of four novels by John Updike? Answer: Harry “Rabbit” Angstrom

15. On the northern slope of this mountain lie the Five Lakes, the lowest of which is noted for the inverted reflection of the mountain on its waters. Featuring eight peaks around the jagged edges of its crater, it is a volcano rising to a height of 12,388 feet which has been dormant since 1707, and has a name meaning “everlasting life”. Actually composed of three volcanoes named Ko, Shin, and Komitake, FTP, what is this sacred mountain, the highest in Japan? Answer: Mount Fujiyama (or Fuji-San or Fuji No Yama)

16. Its cause was the issue of church-building, and in its aftermath Ferdinand II was replaced by Frederick V. It occurred when a crowd of nobles and knights marched on Hradcany Castle and engaged in an argument with Counts Martinic and Slavata, and ended with the counts and their secretary landing in a pile of rubbish after being thrown from a window of the castle. FTP, what was this 1618 act of rebellion by Czeck Protestants which started the Thirty Years War? Answer: Defenestration of Prague

17. As an official war artist this painter created acclaimed works like "General Officers of the Great War" and "Gassed". He executed the mural series for Boston's Public Library and Museum of Fine Arts, but is best-known for works like "Carnation, Lily, Lily, Rose", "The Boit Children" and "The Wyndham Sisters". FTP, who was this great society portraitist who created a scandal with his portrait of Madame Gautreau entitled "Madame X"? Answer: John Singer Sargent

18. Supposedly taken from an old chronicle, the latter part of this novella revolves around a piece of paper on which a gypsy woman wrote a prophecy concerning the Elector of Saxony. Earlier, Junker von Tronka had unjustly taken two horses from the protagonist, and when the horse-dealer was unable to gain justice in the courts he raised an army to gain vengence. FTP, what is this work, one of the best-known novellas of Heinrich von Kleist? Answer: Michael Kohlhaas

19. Their cycling times can range from ten times a second to four times a minute, and to increase the likelihood that photons will convert to electron-positron pairs heavy liquids like propane or Freon are sometimes used. In these devices, a piston compresses a liquid like hydrogen or deuterium which is slightly below its boiling point. Then the piston expands the liquid to make it superheated milliseconds before a streem of particles enters the chamber, allowing their paths to be tracked. Used to discover the rho and omega minus particles, FTP, what is this chamber invented by Donald Glaser? Answer: Bubble chamber

20. This term was first used by the Pythagoreans to denote the first number in a series, while Giordano Bruno categorized them as God, souls, and atoms. Their properties are a function of their perceptions and appetites, and are perfectly synchronized, unique, indestructible, soullike entities whose appearances make up the material world. Taking their name from the Greek for unit, FTP, what are these basic, immaterial substances popularized by Leibniz? Answer: monads ROUND 2 BONUSES

1. FTPE, name these reagents. 1. (10 points) This reagent is an organometallic halide formed in a reaction between an alkyl or aryl halide and magnesium metal. Answer: Grignard reagent 2. (10 points) This reagent is made by adding sodium hydroxide to silver nitrate to give silver (I) oxide, which is dissolved in aqueous ammonia. Aldehydes produce a bright silver mirror on the inside of the test tube, while ketones give a negative result. Answer: Tollens reagent 3. (10 points) This reagent is an aqueous solution of rosaniline and sulfurous acid used in the test for aldehydes of the same name. Answer: Schiff’s reagent

2. FTPE, give the nicknames of these famous patients of Sigmund Freud. 1. (10 points) Originally treated by Josef Breuer, this hysterical woman was Freud’s first famous patient, on whom he used the “catatonic method”. She went on to become Germany’s first social worker. Answer: Anna O. 2. (10 points) Used by Freud to illustrate the mechanism of displacement, after hearing stories of people tortured by having a certain animal gnaw through their anuses this army officer developed an obsessional disorder to overcome his fear that his father or girlfriend would suffer the same fate. Answer: The Rat Man 3. (10 points) This Russian could only make contact with reality after enema treatments due to having seen his parents engaged in anal sex. His nickname comes from a dream in which a number of white animals are seen sitting in a walnut tree. Answer: The Wolf Man

3. FTPE, name these acts and proclamations concerning hard money. 1. (10 points) This 1836 proclamation by Andrew Jackson stated that US land offices would only accept hard money as payment for public lands. Answer: Specie Circular 2. (10 points) In an attempt to reverse the “Crime of ‘73,” this act reestablished silver coins as part of the US currency at a ratio to gold of 16 to 1, and is named for the Missouri Democrat who proposed it and the Iowa Republican who amended it. Answer: Bland-Allison Act 3. (10 points) This 1890 act was a compromise for those who wanted to replace the Bland-Allison Act with unlimited coinage of silver. It required the Treasury to buy 4,500,000 ounces of silver per month and issue an equal amount of paper money redeemable in gold or silver. Answer: Sherman Silver Purchase Act

4. FTPE, answer the following music stuff. 1. (10 points) This is a group of dance movements usually in the same key. Typically, it consists of four movements starting with a allemande and courante, as established by Johann Froberger. Answer: suite 2. (10 points) Usually the third movement of 17th and 18th century suites, this dance was considered disreputable in 16th century Spain. Possibly of Mexican origin, in France it became a slow, processional dance in 3/2 meter. Answer: sarabande 3. (10 points) Typified by a fugal style with triple groups of eighth notes, this dance is usually the last of a suite. It evolved from a popular English dance. Answer: gigue

5. FTPE, name these stories found in James Joyce's Dubliners. 1. (10 points) While strolling down Rutland Square Corley tells Lenehan of a woman he has seduced and is using for money and sex. Answer: Two Gallants 2. (10 points) The effects of the alcoholism of the legal copyist Farrington are seen in his failures working for Mr. Alleyne and his hawking of his watch to go drinking with his friends O'Halloran and Paddy Leonard. Answer: Counterparts 3. (10 points) At the Morkan's Christmas dance, Mr. Bartell D'Arcy's singing of "The Lass of Aughrim" reminds Gretta of her dead love Michael Furey, while Gabriel Conroy contemplates the passing of life while watching the falling snow. Answer: The Dead

6. FTPE, name these important neurotransmitters. 1. (10 points) Produced by the adrenal glands and secreted from nerve endings in the sympathetic nervous system, this neurotransmitter’s general actions are similar to adrenaline, but it is more concerned with maintaining normal body activity. Answer: noradrenaline or norepinepherine 2. (10 points) This catecholamine is a precursor in the synthesis of noradrenaline and adrenaline, and also functions as a neurotransmitter, especially in the brain, where its levels are reduced by Parkinson’s disease. Answer: dopamine 3. (10 points) Broken down by the enzyme cholinesterase, this neurotransmitter is released at the endings of cholinergic nerves. Answer: acetylcholine

7. FTPE, name these people involved in the saga of the Seven Against Thebes. 1. (10 points) This man and his brother Polynices ruled Thebes in alternating years after the banishment of their father Oedipus. The war on Thebes was prompted by Polynices's banishment by this brother. Answer: Eteocles 2. (10 points) By bribing this wife of Amphiaraus and sister of Adrastus, Eteocles gained the support of Argos in his war against Polynices. Answer: Eriphyle 3. (10 points) In most versions of the story, this Calydonian hero is sent to Thebes to demand surrender, and when ambushed kills all 50 of his attackers. Wounded in battle, Athene refuses to save him because he ate the brains of a slain enemy. Answer: Tydeus

8. FTPE, name these important battles from the early campaigns of Napoleon. 1. (10 points) Fought on July 21, 1798 at Giza, Napoleon’s 40,000 troops defeated the 60,000 Mamelukes under Murad Bey, allowing Napoleon to take Cairo. Answer: Battle of the Pyramids 2. (10 points) In this August 1, 1798 naval battle, the French had anchored their 13 vessels in Aboukir Bay, but Nelson’s English fleet partially surrounded the French, destroying 9 ships, including the flagship L’Orient. Answer: Battle of the Nile 3. (10 points) On June 14, 1800, the French defeated the Austrians in northern Italy, allowing Napoleon to reestablish the Cisalpine Republic and assert his political authority in France. Answer: Marengo

9. FTPE, answer the following about a philosopher. 1. (10 points) This philosopher’s writings include Discourse on Thinking and On the Way to Language, and he became notorious for his Freiburg Rectorial Address in which he announced his conversion to the Nazi Party. He held in part that man at birth in “thrown” into existence, and that authentic existences are lived by those in angst. Answer: Martin Heidegger 2. (10 points) Heidegger discussed his major ideas in this 1927 magnum opus, his best-known work. Answer: Being and Time (or Sein or Zeit) 3. (10 points) Heidegger used this six-letter word meaning “being there” to describe human existence. It is distinguished by the features of factuality, existentiality, and fallenness. Answer: Dasein

10. FTPE, name these F. Scott Fitzgerald novels from characters. 1. (10 points) Rosemary Hoyt, the McKiscos, Nicole Warren, Dick Diver Answer: Tender is the Night 2. (10 points) Monsignor Darcy, Eleanor Savage, Alec Connage, Burne Holiday, Amory Blaine Answer: This Side of Paradise 3. (10 points) Dorothy Raycroft, Dick Caramel, Gloria Gilbert, Anthony Patch Answer: The Beautiful and the Damned

11. FTPE, name these major rivers of Asia. 1. (10 points) The major river of east central Asia, this river flows 1,600 miles northwest from the Pamir Mountains through the Kara Kum desert before emptying into the Aral Sea. Answer: Amu Dar’ya 2. (10 points) The westernmost of the three great Siberian rivers, it forms the fourth longest river in the world with its chief tributary, the Irtysh. When not frozen it flows north into the gulf of the same name. Answer: Ob 3. (10 points) Formed by the confluence of the Kara and Murad rivers in east Turkey, this 2,235 mile long river crosses the plains of Iraq to join its famous partner at Basra to form the Shatt-al-Arab. Answer: Euphrates

12. Show how “great” you are at astronomy and name the following, FTPE. 1. (10 points) This is the dark nebula that runs along the local spiral arm of our galaxy, dividing the Milky Way. Also known as the Northern Coalsack, it starts in Cygnus and can be traced south through Aquila and Ophiuchus. Answer: Great Rift (prompt on Cygnus Rift) 2. (10 points) This is a roughly two-dimensional concentration of galaxies at least 200 million by 600 million light years in extent but less than 20 million light years thick. It suggests that the large-scale structure of the Universe is cellular in nature. Answer: Great Wall 3. (10 points) This is a purported concentration of matter in the directon of the constellations Hydra and Centaurus which may be pulling surrounding galaxies, including our, toward it. Answer: Great Attractor

13. FTPE, name these important figures of the Great Awakening. 1. (10 points) This Anglican preacher sparked the Great Awakening by utilizing outdoor evangelism during seven trips to the colonies from 1738-70. Answer: George Whitefield 2. (10 points) The author of The Freedom of the Will, this evangelist cultivated a revival in Northampton in 1735, foreshadowing the Awakening. He is most famous for the sermon “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God”. Answer: Jonathon Edwards 3. (10 points) This Irish Presbyterian minister helped spark the Refreshings which led to the Awakening. In his sermon “The Danger of an Unconverted Ministry” he suggested most ministers are unfit, sparking a schism between New Lights and Old Lights. Answer: Gilbert Tennent

14. FTPE, name these 20th century artists. 1. (10 points) Killed at Verdun during WWI, this artist founded Der Blaue Reiter with Kandinsky. He is especially known for his mystical nature paintings like Cat Under a Tree and Blue Horses. Answer: Franz Marc 2. (10 points) Originally names Robert Clarke, this American pop-artist is best-known for signs inspired by billboards and posters, including 1966’s LOVE. Answer: Robert Indiana 3. (10 points) This Russian-born American artist painted works like Chinese Restaurant, while as a sculptor he created the first totally nonobjective works in America, an example being Spiral Rhythm. Answer: Max Weber

15. FTPE, name these metrical feet from their accent patterns. 1. (10 points) unaccented syllable, accented syllable Answer: iamb(ic) 2. (10 points) stressed syllable, unstressed syllable, unstressed syllable Answer: dactyl(ic) 3. (10 points) accented syllable, accented syllable Answer: spondee(aic)

16. FTPE, name these rebellions from Chinese history. 1. (10 points) Led by Chang Chueh, this rebellion began in 184 during a pestilence, and sought to remove the eunuchs who controlled the Han government. Their name comes from the clothing they wore representing the earth. Answer: Yellow Turban Rebellion 2. (10 points) This 1796-1804 rebellion was a guerrilla campaign conducted by a religious cult determined to remove the Manchus and reestablish the Ming dynasty. Answer: White Lotus Rebellion 3. (10 points) Occurring from 1852-68 while the Ch’ing dynasty was preoccupied with the Taiping Rebellion, this revolt in North China was fought by bands of peasants under the leadership of Chang Lo- hsing. It was put down after the fall of their citadel Chih-ho, and was named for the plundering gangs out of which it formed. Answer: Nien Rebellion

17. FTSNOP, name the theologian given the number of theses with which he is associated. 1. (5 points) 95 theses Answer: Martin Luther 2. (5 points) 122 counter-theses Answer: Johann Te(t)zel 3. (10 points) 67 theses Answer: Ulrich (or Huldreich) Zwingli 4. (10 points) 900 theses Answer: Giovanni Pico della Mirandola

18. FTSNOP, name these people involved in discoveries about DNA. 1. (5 points) For five points all or nothing, name the two scientists, one British and one American, who are credited with the discovery that DNA is a double helix of two spiral strands held together by base pairs. Answer: Francis Crick, James Watson 2. (10 points) This New Zealander discovered that DNA is a double helix, and passed on his results to Crick and Watson. He shared with them the 1962 Nobel Prize. Answer: Maurice Wilkins 3. (10 points/5 points) FTP for one and 15 for both, name the two scientists who showed that DNA, and not protein, is genetic material using the T2 bacteriophage and e.coli. Answer: Alfred Hershey, Martha Chase

19. Name the composer from works, 30-20-10. 1. (30 points) Three Fantastic Dances, the ballets The Bolt and The Age of Gold, the oratorio Song of the Forest (20 points) the operas Lady MacBeth of the District Mzensk and The Nose, Symphony #2: To October, Symphony #13: Baby Yar (10 points) Symphony #7: Leningrad Answer: Dmitri Shostakovich

20. 5-10-15, name these American realists from works. 1. (5 points) The House of Mirth, The Custom of the Country, Ethan Frome Answer: Edith Wharton 2. (10 points) Rose of Dutcher’s Coolly, A Son of the Middle Border, Main-Travelled Roads Answer: (Hannibal) Hamlin Garland 3. (15 points) The Californians, The Black Oxen, Julia France and Her Times Answer: Gertrude Atherton