Development and Globalisation

Development – economic, demographic, social, political and cultural changes associated with development; the development continuum. Globalisation – factors and dimensions: flows of capital, labour, products and services; global marketing; patterns of production, distribution and consumption. Patterns and processes Jun 11 Newly Industrialised countries ‘Newly industrialised countries (NICs): their initial growth, with have been, and continue to be, particular reference to the “Asian the driving force of Tiger” economies. globalisation.’ To what extent do you agree Further growth of NICs, with Jun 10 with this statement? (40 particular reference to China. Study Figure 5 which shows marks) economic changes associated with development. Comment on trends shown in Figure 5. (7 marks) Jun 10 For either China or India, explain the recent growth of industries in that country. (8 marks) Jun 10 Discuss the impact of Newly Industrialised Countries (NICs) on the global economy. (10 marks)

Globalisation of services, with particular reference to India. Growth in the 21st century – the impact of new markets and new technologies (for example in Brazil, Russia and oil-producing countries). Countries at very low levels of Jan 11 Jun 10 “Countries at very low economic Outline and suggest reasons levels of economic development for the issues facing countries development face such huge Characteristics and issues – at very low levels of challenges that they cannot quality of life, debt, social economic development. (8 hope to address them without problems. marks) assistance from the rest of the world.” To what extent do you agree with this view? (40 marks) Global social and economic Jan 12 Jan 11 groupings Study Figure 5 which shows Assess the role of social and The concept of the North/South the estimated percentage of economic groupings of nations divide, and its relationship to the population by country that in the world today. development continuum. used the internet in 2009. (40 marks) Comment on the extent to which it supports the concept of the North/South divide. (7 marks) Reasons for the social and Jan 12 economic groupings of nations, Outline reasons for the growth with particular reference to the of social and/or economic European Union. groupings of nations. (8 marks) The consequences of the groupings of nations. Jan 12 Discuss the consequences of groupings of nations. (10 marks) Aspects of globalisation Jun 11 Transnational corporations Study Figure 5 which shows (TNCs): characteristics and the global distribution of spatial organisation. Toyota’s operations outside Japan in 2007. Toyota is a Reasons for the growth and the major Japanese transnational spatial organisation of corporation (TNC). Describe transnational corporations and comment on the (TNCs). distribution shown in Figure 5. (7 marks) Case study of one TNC should be undertaken. Jun11 Outline reasons for the growth Social, economic and of TNCs. (8 marks) environmental impacts of TNCs on their host countries, and their Jun 11 countries of origin. Using examples, assess the social and economic impact of TNCs. (10 marks) Development issues within the Jan 11 Jan 12 world (each to be studied with Study Figure 5 which shows To what extent can reference to contrasting areas information regarding trends in development be sustainable? of the world) both trade and aid between (40 marks) “Trade versus aid”. developed countries and less developed countries. “Economic sustainability versus Comment on the trends shown environmental sustainability”. in Figure 5. (7 marks)

“Sustainable tourism, myth or Jan 11 reality”. Discuss one of the following development issues: either ‘Economic sustainability versus environmental sustainability’ or ‘Sustainable tourism – myth or reality?’ (10 marks)