Notes For LPVEC Vocational Nail Salon Design Recommendations

Notes for LPVEC Vocational Nail Salon Design Recommendations

Notes:  Recommendations developed by Lynn Rose with review by the MA Division of Occupational Safety, the Toxics Use Reduction Institute, discussion with the West Springfield Fire Department and the design team at LPVEC.  These recommendations are developed specifically for the set-up at LPVEC. Some of the information may be taken under consideration for use in other salon designs with this fact in mind.

Ventilation Systems  Dedicated General Ventilation Systems for the Salon Part of the Shop o Locations . Product Dispensary . Salon portion of the shop where cosmetology processes are taking place. o Criteria . Design to be under negative pressure with respect to surrounding rooms (5-10% more exhaust than supply- minimum of 50 CFM difference). . Calculations for the ventilation systems will have to account for times when the local dedicated exhausts (fume hood and the nail tables) are and are not on, as their operation will change the air pressure differential in the rooms. . Obtain make-up air from the outside. . Vent to the outside-away from all air intakes/windows, etc, not into the school’s general ventilation systems. . ASHRAE Standards for General Mechanical Ventilation Systems in Cosmetology Salons are:  Ventilation Rates 25 Cubic Feet a Minute (CFM) FRESH OUTSIDE AIR per person-  Relative Humidity 30% to 60%  Carbon Dioxide Below 600 ppm  Temperature Winter 68o to 74o Summer 73o to 79o

. Provide a minimum of 15% fresh air with 25% desired. Provide about 6 air changes per hour minimum, 10 preferred.  Dedicated Local Exhaust o Types and Locations: . Use an enclosure hood in the Product Dispensary.  This hood should be enclosed on 5 of its six sides. The front side is open. It should not be an open canopy over the table.  Should have 80 – 100 CFM across the open face of the hood. . Vented Nail Tables  These systems are designed to draw hazardous vapors from the point of use (near the hands) through a down drafted duct under the table to the outside.  These are not recirculating systems through a charcoal filter. o Criteria for both systems: . Designed to be turned on when needed. . Should exhaust 100% of the air away from fresh air intakes, windows, etc. . Obtain make-up air from the outside. . Vent to the outside, not into the school’s general ventilation systems.

Chemical Storage

 Flammables – nail finishes and artificial nail products o My recommendations: . I recommend that you store flammable nail products in a flammables cabinet for the following reasons in addition to state and local requirements:  To separate them from oxidizers (they can start and/or increase a fire), and acid and bases which they are incompatible with and can react with.  To eliminate the need for explosion proof lighting and ventilation. . I recommend that you separate the laundry room with the washer and dryer from the chemical storage dispensary into two separate rooms. The MA Fire Prevention Regulations (527 CMR 14.04 (8)) require you to eliminate or control ignition sources where flammable vapors are present. o Permit to Store Flammable Products . You must have a permit from your local Fire Department to store any amount of flammable products. The Fire Department may limit the quantity of flammable or combustible liquids, flammable solids or flammable gases that may be kept and stored under the authority of a permit.i . 793 gallons is the maximum amount that schools can store in one building. Once you exceed that limit, you are required to obtain a license in addition to the permit. . Your flammable storage areas must be approved by your local Fire Department.

Recommendations by Lynn Rose with review by the MA Division of Occupational Safety November 2004 o Storage and the Use of Flammables Cabinets – the MA Fire Preventions Regulations (527 CMR 14 Flammable & Combustible Liquids, Solids & Gases) . Limits the storage of flammable products unless in flammable liquid storage cabinet or inside area:  Limits Class I outside of a cabinet to 1 gallon or 2 gallons in a safety cans  Limits ClassI/II to 10 gallons outside a cabinet  Limits ClassI/II to 25 gallons in safety cans outside cabinets . Type - use an NFPA rated, UL listed, Flammables Cabinet. . Quantity Allowed in a Flammable Cabinet - check the UL listing of the Flammable Cabinet to determine the quantity of flammables that it is rated for. Check with your Fire Department about whether the type and quantity of flammables you are storing requires use of a Flammables Cabinet, and how much it is acceptable to store. . Cabinet Venting –Venting of flammable cabinets is NOT recommended by the NFPA. Seal the vent holes with bungs supplied with the cabinet or as specified by the manufacturer. Your local fire regulations do not require you to vent the flammables cabinet. The final equipment and set-up must be approved by your local Fire Department.  Location o You can locate up to three cabinets in one room.ii o Locate the cabinets away from exits. o Locate Class I flammables above basement areas, not in basement. Most flammables are lighter than air, which could get trapped in the basement and then rise to reach an ignition sourceiii o Storage and Quantity Allowable for Container Types and Sizes: iv Type of Product Glass Container Metal/Plastic Class IA 1 pint 1 gallon Class IB 1 quart 5 gallons Class IC 1 gallon 5 gallons Class II 1 gallon 5 gallons Class III A 5 gallons 5 gallons

 Safety Can - store quantities larger than a gallon in an approved safety can.  Containment of Flammable Soaked Materials - store oil and solvent- soaked rags in approved self-closing oily waste metal cans, and empty daily into dedicated drums (with no other waste) that are located outside,

Recommendations by Lynn Rose with review by the MA Division of Occupational Safety November 2004 and kept closed. This containment prevents the release of vapors which can self-ignite. Do not mix with other waste or combustible materials. These are considered hazardous waste.  Corrosives (hair relaxers and perms, and artificial nail primer) Storage Equipment and Management o Corrosive chemicals and flammable liquids present the greatest storage problem; they should never be stored together.v o Separate acids and bases as they can cause violent reactions and generate heat when mixed. . Small Quantities of Acids and Bases – if you have a very small quantity of acids and bases whose total quantity does not warrant a cabinet, you can store them separately in small plastic tubs to ensure containment if there is a spill. Ideally, acids and bases should be stored in the following cabinets, which do not need to be vented (if they are vented, the vent pipes must be corrosion proof). . Acids should be stored in a Corrosive Cabinet, labeled on the outside of the door as “Acids”. Cabinet should be nonmetal or have a corrosion resistant finish. . Bases should be stored in a Corrosive Cabinet, labeled on the outside as “Alkaline”. o Management . Do not store acids and bases over each other, or on top of each other. . Locate large containers on lower shelves.

Oxidizers – hair bleach which is also in some hair dyes o Store in a cool dry location, out of direct sunlight. Protect from extreme temperatures and rapid temperature changes. o Store away from organic materials, flammables, combustible materials, and corrosives.

Emergency Response Equipment

 Plumbed Emergency Wash Stations (Eyewash and Emergency Deluge Shower) o Legal Citations for this Requirement: . OSHA Formaldehyde Standard 29 CFR 1910.1048 - for corrosives and formaldehyde . MA Fire Prevention Regulations General Provisions 527 CMR 10 - for corrosives and flammables

Recommendations by Lynn Rose with review by the MA Division of Occupational Safety November 2004 o General Requirements for Emergency Wash Stations: . Locate approximately 50 feet or 10 second walk of hazard.vi . Temperature between 70F and 90F. vii . All eyewashes and showers should be ANSI approved. . Where possible, have the emergency wash system trigger an alarm when activated, to alert other people that there is an emergency. . Should have a mechanism to stay on, to enable you to keep hands free for cleaning off chemicals. . Emergency equipment must be in place and operating before materials are stored, and prior to staff and students use of hazardous materialsviii. . Signage – post equipment with a sign at least 70 square inches indicating location of each type of equipment, “Emergency Shower”, “Emergency Eye Wash”. It should be in contrasting color – red and white, or green and whiteix. o Eyewash Stations – Additional Requirements . Should treat both eyes at the same time. . Must provide a continuous flow of 0.4 gallons a minute for 15 minutes. x . Should have a mechanism to stay on, to enable you to keep hands free for cleaning off chemicals. . Should be plumbed as it is impossible to have a portable handheld eyewash that meets the criteria (unless you can hold a 7 plus gallon container in your hand (~60 lbs!)) which may not have the amount of flow for the required length of time. Also, the water in them can become contaminated and must be replaced. They can be used to minimize damage while accessing a plumbed eyewash.xi You can obtain attachments for converting existing faucets. o Deluge Shower - Additional Requirements . Should have a flow of 30 gallons of water per minute. xii . Should have a mechanism to stay on, to enable you to keep hands free. . Accessibility – shower should be available at all times with the pull chain easily accessible. o My recommendations for site based on above requirements: . Locate a combination eyewash and shower in the shop area near both areas where nails and hair processes are conducted. You could locate a floor drain under the equipment but not near chemical storage. Some plugs can be installed to open automatically when shower is turned on. . Install an eyewash to the sink in the dispensary. The Speakman brand or similar type of eyewash with the following features would work well that

Recommendations by Lynn Rose with review by the MA Division of Occupational Safety November 2004 has a one hand dual flush system that can be mounted on top of a faucet with a handle for its own separate plumbed line of temperate water. The advantage is that a person does not have to turn on both handles to temper the water and the faucet can be used for other purposes since the hot and cold water function independent of the eyewash.  Ground fault circuit interruptors - should be located in any area that could become wet.  Smoke Detectors and Fire Alarms and Sprinklers o Alarm - design and install alarms to be heard outside of the chemical storage room. They should be hardwired and should send a signal to the master control panel. o Sprinkler Location - do not locate a sprinkler system in the chemical storage room unless mandated by local Fire Code.  Fire Extinguisher xiii o Location – outside of storage area, not more than 6 feet from door. o Signage – post sign indicating location. o Type – select the appropriate type for the chemicals used. The following types of extinguishers deal with the various types of fires: A – ordinary combustibles (paper or wood) B – organic solvents (alcohol or acetone) C – electrical wiring D – reactive metals (sodium, lithium, potassium metals)  Fire Blanket o Amount and Location – Chemical use areas not equipped with emergency wash stations must have at least one approved fire blanket. Locate on a wall, at eye level, and within 30 feet (Flinn, Scientific, Inc.) of where chemicals are stored or used. o Signage – post sign “Fire Blanket” indicating location of blanket, that reads; “In case of clothing fire – STOP, DROP, and ROLL” o Accessibility – keep the blanket and sign unobstructed. Hazardous Waste for Very Small Generators of Hazardous Waste– . Types of hazardous waste in the salon o Used solvent o Solvent soaked cotton o Used disinfectant

Recommendations by Lynn Rose with review by the MA Division of Occupational Safety November 2004 o Other leftover products . There are central and satellite (located adjacent to point of use) accumulation areas which are regulated slightly differently. You could chose to develop a central accumulation area in the school that serves a number of shops. The following information is for a central accumulation area: o Store hazardous wastes separately from hazardous products. This could be in a cabinet so long as waste is separated by compatibility. o Segregate and store wastes by hazard category, e.g., ignitables/flammables, corrosives, etc. o Provide absorbent materials, fire extinguisher, and other safety equipment. o Secure the area against unauthorized entry, i.e., locked. o Clearly mark the area, i.e., a fence, rope, or painted boundary. o Post A HAZARDOUS WASTE sign in capital letters at least one inch high. o Locate the storage area away from drains, and ensure that the floor is impervious to liquid being stored with no cracks or gaps. o Provide berms, dikes, walls, or other devices to separate containers of incompatible wastes.

Recommendations by Lynn Rose with review by the MA Division of Occupational Safety November 2004 References  NFPA, 2000, Flammable and Combustible Liquid Code, National Fire Prevention Association, Quincy, MA  Flinn Scientific, 1998, Flinn Laboratory C hemical Safety, Flinn Scientific, Inc., Batavia, IL, www.flinnsci.com.  M.G.L. c.111f, Hazardous Substance Disclosure by Employers  BFA, 1997, Flammable and Combustible Liquids, Flammable Solids, or Flammable Gases, Board of Fire Prevention, Boston, MA, http://www.state.ma.us/dfs/cmr/527014.doc  SBBRS, 1997, Mechanical Ventilation, State Board of Building Regulations and Standards, Boston, MA, Code of Massachusetts Regulations, 780 CMR 1209.0 (Incorporate BOCA 1993 by reference)  BOCA, 1993, the BOCA National Mechanical Code/1993, 8th edition, Building Officials and Code Administrators International Inc., Country Club Hills, Illinois  Laboratory Waste Management Guide, 1999, Dave Waddell, King County Local Hazardous Waste Management Program  School Laboratory Safety for Teachers and Laboratory Supervisors, 9/21/01, MA Division of Occupational Safety, IAQ Program  Step By Step Guide to Better Laboratory Management Practices, Washington State Department of Ecology Hazardous Waste and Toxics use Reduction Program, 1999  527 CMR, sections 10.00, 12.00, and 14.00, MA Fire Prevention Regulations  Massachusetts Hazardous Waste Regulations

Recommendations by Lynn Rose with review by the MA Division of Occupational Safety November 2004 Recommendations by Lynn Rose with review by the MA Division of Occupational Safety November 2004 i 527 CMR 14.03(5) ii NFPA 4.3.2. version 2000 iii 527 CMR 14 iv NFPA 30 Section 4.2.3 v The University of the State of NY, Regents of The University, Chemical Storage Guidelines for Secondary Schools vi 527 CMR 10.02 (2) vii 527 CMR 10.02 (2) viii 527 CMR 10.02 (2) ix 527 CMR 10.02 (2) x 527 CMR 10.02 (2) xi School Laboratory Safety for Teachers and Laboratory Supervisors, MA Division of Occupational Safety, IAQ Program, 9/21/01 xii 527 CMR 10.02 (2) xiii 527 CMR 14.07 (2)