Unit 1 Test Standard 1

Name ______Date ______Period ______Accelerated Biology: Ecology Unit 2 Test Review

Answer all questions before the day of the test. This will be collected for a grade. If the packet is not 100% complete you will not be able to participate in Mastery Model. 1. List the levels of organization of the biosphere from individual organism (species) to biosphere.

2. Which scientific practice is an ecologist using when he or she enters an area periodically to count the population numbers of a certain species?

3. Which two terms describe both green plants and algae? 4. What is the original source of almost all the energy in most ecosystems? 5. How are photosynthesis and chemosynthesis similar?

6. The total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level is called 7. What is a term for an ecological model of the relationships that form a network of complex interactions among organisms in a community from producers to decomposers?

8. A bird stalks, kills, and then eats an insect. What are all of the ecological terms that can be used describe the bird?

9. What are the ecological terms that can be used to describe a snake that eats a frog that has eaten an insect that fed on a plant?

10. 90% of the energy from one trophic level is lost when it is transferred to the next trophic level. Using this diagram, what mass of eagles could be supported in this ecosystem? Eagles

11. What is the difference between primary and secondary succession? 1,000 Kg birds

10,000 Kg grasshoppers

100,000 Kg of grass

12. Describe what is happening with the population at the arrow. 13. What will happen to a population if there is an increase in birth rate and immigration, or a decrease in the death rate and emigration?

14. Describe three symbiotic relationships.

15. Is the graph illustrating a density-dependent or density- independent limiting factor? Explain. 60 2400

0 0 Years

16. What is the term used to describe a nutrient that is in such short supply in an ecosystem that it affects an animal’s growth?

17. How is it possible that a tree can provide multiple niches for multiple birds?

18. What occurs during the ecological succession of an ecosystem?

19. What two main factors play a role in population growth rate?

20. A small farming community in Kansas covers 14 square kilometers. There are 420 individuals who live within the town limits. What is the population density of this community? Give your answer with proper units.

21. Scientists found that, over a period of 300 years, a lake became a desert. During that time, several communities of organisms were replaced by different communities. Explain why new communities were able to replace older communities.

23. Which of these organisms would most likely be found at the top of an energy pyramid? Clams, sardines, sharks, or kelp?

24. According to the graphs to the right, which species has the slowest initial (in the beginning) growth rate when they are grown in separate cultures?

25. From the figure to the right, in the bottom graph, what happens to P.aurelia after 16 days?

26. In graph III, which species of Paramecium (P. Aurelia or P. caudatum) has the greatest growth rate at Day 2?

27. In graph III, which species of Paramecium (P. Aurelia or P. caudatum) has the greatest growth rate at Day 6?

28. In graph III, which species of Paramecium (P. Aurelia or P. caudatum) reached the highest population size?

29. In graph III, which species of Paramecium (P. Aurelia or P. caudatum) is most successful in competition?

30. What is the term used to describe the number of individuals per unit area?

31. What is a more common way to control population size, predation or disease? Why?

______32. In what process is an existing community gradually replaced by another community?

33. A flea on a dog is an example of a relationship, where the flea gains and the dog loses. 34. What is the term used to describe the largest number of individuals an environment can support?

. 35. What type of density limiting factor is climate?

36. What role do the algae serve in the diagram above? 37. What is the term used to describe the limiting factor can effect a population irregardless of the number of organisms in a given area?

Figure 3-4

38. If the rabbits are exterminated (killed off), how would that impact the food web in Figure 3-4?

39. How many energy-transferring steps (trophic levels) away from the sun is the snake?

40. A food web, as in Figure 3-4, is a model of the feeding relationships in an ecosystem. If applicable, list one herbivore, omnivore, carnivore, and producer.

______41. In Figure 3-4, how many first-level consumers are there feeding off the flowering shrub? 42. In Figure 3-4, compare the amount of energy (%) available to the hawk if it eats a shrew, versus the amount of energy available to the hawk if it eats a snake.