Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Review

Pre-IB/Honors Biology Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Study Guide (Ch. 4) 60 pts. Photosynthesis 1. What is the purpose of photosynthesis? (1) 2. In what type of organisms, does photosynthesis occur? (1) 3. Write the chemical equation for photosynthesis. (2) 4. What are two steps of photosynthesis? What are their functions? Where do they occur inside chloroplasts? (3) 5. How is the dark reaction different from the light reaction?(1) 6. What is the major by-product of photosynthesis that is useful in cellular respiration? (1) 7. What is photolysis? During which step of photosynthesis, does this occur? (2) 8. What is chlorophyll? Where is it located inside the chloroplast? (2) 9. Can xanthophyll, anthocyanin and carotene go through photosynthesis? Why or why not? (2) 10.Why are plants green? Why do green leave turn to yellow-red leaves during the autumn? (2) 11.What color light is most effective for photosynthesis? Why? (1) 12.How does the temperature affect photosynthesis? Why? (1) 13.Draw the structure of chloroplast and label grana, stroma, thylakoid and double membrane. (4)

Cellular Respiration 14.What is the purpose of cellular respiration? (1) 15.In what type of organisms, does cellular respiration occur? (1) 16.Write the chemical equation for cellular respiration. (2) 17.What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration? Which process is more efficient? (Hint: How many ATPs are produced for each type?) (2) 18. Name 3 steps of aerobic respiration. (1) 19. What step is common to both aerobic and anaerobic respiration and it does not require O2? Where does this process occur in a cell? (2) 20. What is the function of glycolysis? How many ATPs are formed after glycolysis? (2) 21. What is the molecule that enters glycolysis? What is the end product of glycolysis? (2) 22. What goes into Krebs cycle and what comes out of it? Where does Krebs cycle occur in a cell? (3) 23. What is electron transport chain? What molecules enter and what molecules exit ETC? Where does ETC occur? (3) 24. What is the last electron acceptor in the electron transport chain? What does it turn into? (2) 25. What are the temporary energy-storage molecules in photosynthesis and cellular respiration? (1) 26.What are the two types of fermentation? In which type of cell does each type of fermentation occur? What are the end products of each type of fermentation? (3) 27.Why do your muscles feel sore after strenuous exercise? (1) 28.What is ATP? What are 3 parts of an ATP? (2) 29.How does ATP store energy? How is energy released? (1) 30.How does ATP become ADP? How does ADP become ATP? (2) 31.What is an ATP synthase? What is chemiosmosis? (2) 32.Draw the structure of mitochondrion and label inner and outer membrane, matrix, cristae. (4)