Name:______Unit 7 1920s Test Review America Goes from Boom to Bust Use your notes/handouts from class and chapter 22 to complete this test review.
1. Describe the effects of inventions and electrification on life in America in the 1920s. a. Electric lighting b. Increased demand for electricity c. Labor-saving products (washing machines, electric stoves, vacuum cleaners) d. Entertainment (radios, movies) e. Improved communication (telephone, broadcast industry) f. Wider availability of consumer goods g. Advertising (newspapers, magazines, billboards h. Assembly line i. Rise of mechanization (machines in farming) j. National brands (you can buy the same thing in VA that you might find in CA) k. Installment buying (making payments) l. Increased standard of living
2. Why did African-Americans migrate north after World War I? increased job opportunities
3. Define nativism: the belief that native born Americans are superior to “foreigners”
4. Describe the causes and effects of intolerance in America during the 1920s: increase in lynching’s in the South; Marcus Garvey-“back to Africa movement”; Ku Klux Klan; trial of Sacco and Vanzetti; nativism; Red Scare; Scopes Trial
5. What were the causes of the Red Scare in the 1920s? Communists came to power in the Soviet Union (formerly Russia); anarchists-(those who rebel against authority); foreigners (increased immigration from Eastern Europe-communist)
6. What was the intended purpose of Prohibition? To promote good health and morality
7. What were the effects of Prohibition? Speakeasies; bootleggers; organized crime; moonshine
8. What was a result of the Harlem Renaissance? An increased awareness of the literary and artistic achievements of African Americans during the 1920s and 1930s.
9. Where was the center of African American culture in the 1920s? Harlem in New York, NY
10. What are residential areas built close to cities so people can commute to work? suburbs 11. What development contributed to the economic prosperity of the 1920s? Petroleum (gas) and electricity were widely available cheap energy sources; the assembly line and other technological advances allowed businesses to produce more goods at lower costs; new job opportunities for women gave families more money to spend.
12. Who founded the “back to Africa movement”? Marcus Garvey
13. Increased consumer borrowing and spending best describes America in the 1920s.
14. Inventions and technology in the 1920s affected American society in all of the following ways: wider availability of consumer goods; advertising; increased standard of living
15. How did the automobile affect American society and culture in the 1920s? new jobs; increased mobility; growth of transportation industries (oil, steel, road construction, tourism); movement to the suburbs
16. Describe the changing roles and perceptions of women in the 1920s: right to vote (19th Amendment); flappers; increased participation in the workforce; property rights; suffragists; increased educational opportunities
17. Describe the flappers: young women who cut their hair short, try new fads and fashions; run for political office; got jobs
18. Which amendment granted women suffrage in 1920? 19th
19. What was the “unintended consequence” of Prohibition? Rise in organized crime
20. Which form of music developed in the United States during the 1920s? jazz
21. Which amendment established Prohibition? 18th Which amendment repealed it? 21st
22. Explain the Scopes Trial: (Also called the Monkey Trial) In a high school in Tennessee, John Scopes was charged with violating the Butler Act which forbade the teaching of EVOLUTION (only creationism could be taught). He was found guilty after a very long a public trial. Clarence Darrow represented him and Williams Jennings Bryant prosecuted the case. This showed intolerance toward new ideas that went against the norm of the day.
Describe who the following people were in the 1920s and 1930s:
1. Louis Armstrong: jazz trumpet player from the Harlem Renaissance who sang with a gravelly voice. “Hello Dolly” was one of his famous songs.
2. Duke Ellington: jazz composer and pianist as well as a well-known African American celebrity
3. Aaron Copland and George Gershwin: composed (wrote) uniquely American music much of which is used in commercials today and on Broadway.
4. Langston Hughes: African American poet of the Harlem Renaissance who combined the experiences of African and American cultural roots in his poetry
5. F. Scott Fitzgerald: Jazz-age novelist who wrote short stories and was famous for writing The Great Gatsby
6. Georgia O’Keefe: Women painter who painted southwestern scenes with brightly colored flowers and skulls
7. Bessie Smith: African-American singer of the Harlem Renaissance-she was called “Empress of the Blues”-she sang in the Cotton Club in Harlem
8. Jacob Lawrence: African-American painter who painted a series of pictures that illustrated the Great Migration
9. Wright Brothers: First in flight-helped launch American aviation
10. Calvin Coolidge: became president when Harding died; nicknamed “Silent Cal” because he kept ‘silent’ on many of the problems beginning to occur in the 1920s. He said the “business of America is business”