Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Karnataka, Bangalore s24

RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES, KARNATAKA, BANGALORE

COMPLETED PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT FOR DISSERTATION

A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON URDHWA SHAKHA GATA SNAYU MARMA W.S.R TO REGIONAL ANATOMY

BY Dr. SHRUTI HEGDE M. D (Ayu) SCHOLAR DEPT. OF P. G STUDIES IN SHAREERA RACHANA S. D. M COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA KUTHPADY, UDUPI

GUIDE Dr. U. GOVINDA RAJU M. D (Ayu), PROFESSOR, H. O. D DEPT. OF P. G STUDIES IN SHAREERA RACHANA S. D. M COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA KUTHPADY, UDUPI

CO - GUIDE Dr. KRISHNA MURTHY N M. D (Ayu), ASSO. PROFESSOR, DEPT. OF P. G STUDIES IN SHAREERA RACHANA S. D. M COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA KUTHPADY, UDUPI

2012 - 2013

S. D. M COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA KUTHPADY, UDUPI -574118

1 From, Dr. SHRUTI HEGDE M. D (Ayu) SCHOLAR, DEPT. OF P. G STUDIES IN SHAREERA RACHANA, S. D. M COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA, KUTHPADY, UDUPI -574118

To, THE REGISTRAR, RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES, BANGALORE, KARNATAKA

Through, THE PRINCIPAL AND H. O. D OF SHAREERA RACHANA, S. D. M COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA, KUTHPADY, UDUPI -574118

Respected Sir, Subject: Submission of completed proforma for registration of the topic for dissertation.

I request you to kindly register the below mentioned subject against my name for the submission of dissertation to the Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bangalore Karnataka for the partial fulfillment of M. D (Ayu) in Shareera Rachana.

Title of Dissertation

“ A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON URDHWA SHAKHA GATA SNAYU MARMA W.S.R TO REGIONAL ANATOMY”

Herewith I am enclosing completed proforma for registration of subject for dissertation. Thanking you,

Place: Udupi Your s faithfully

Date: (Dr. Shruti Hegde)

2 1) Name of the Candidate: Dr. SHRUTI HEGDE 1st M. D (Ayu) SCHOLAR, DEPT. OF P. G STUDIES IN SHAREERA RACHANA, S. D. M COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA, KUTHPADY, UDUPI -574118

Permanent Address: Dr. SHRUTI HEGDE D/O Sri P. V. HEGDE, “SHREERAKSHE BLD”, BEHIND PATIL S NURSING HOME, TOWNSHIP, DANDELI. TQ-HALIYAL, UTTARKANNADA DIST.

2) Name of the Institution: S. D. M COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA KUTHPADY, UDUPI-574118

3) Course of Study & Subject: M. D (Ayu) IN SHAREERA RACHANA.

4) Date of Admission of Course: 24th DECEMBER 2012

5) Title of the Topic:

‘ ‘ A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON URDHWA SHAKHA GATA SNAYU MARMA W. S. R TO REGIONAL ANATOMY’’

3 6) BRIEF RESUME OF INTENDED WORK: 6.1) NEED FOR THE STUDY:

Marma is considered to be the vital spot in human body and injury to it leads to death. In the classics, 107 marmas1 are explained under five groups of structural classification as Mamsa marma, Sira marma, Snayu marma, Asti marma and Sandhi marma2, five on the basis of effect of injury3, five on the basis of location in the body4. Number of snayu marma present in human body are 275. Out of which five snayu marmas are present in each urdhwa shakha. Location of these marmas and their viddha lakshanas6, snayu marma viddha lakshanas7 and snayu viddha lakshanas8 are explained in classics. Marma is defined as the conglomeration of Mamsa, Sira, Snayu, Asthi and Sandhi9. There is a need to explore the structures involved in the snayu marmas of upper limbs as told in the definition. Being classified under the heading of snayu marma, the relation of the snayus present in these marmas and their effects on injury may be critically analyzed for better understanding of the regional anatomy of these marmas.

Hence, this work ‘A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON URDHWA SHAKHA GATA SNAYU MARMA W. S. R TO REGIONAL ANATOMY’ is undertaken.

6.2) REVIEW OF LITERATURE: Urdhwa shakha gata snayu marma are five in number i.e Aani, Kakshadhara, Kurcha, Kurchashira, Kshipra. Aani and Kshipra marma are of half angula pramana, Kakshadhara and Kurchashira marma are of one angula pramana and Kurcha marma is of panitala kunchita pramana10. Kshipra marma is situated between thumb and index finger; injury to it causes akshepaka leading to marana11. It is a type of Kalantarapranahara marma12. Above Kshipra on both sides is Kurcha; injury to it causes bramana and vepana13. It is a type of Vaikalyakara marma14. Kurchashira marma is present below the wrist joint on both sides; injury to this marma causes ruja and shopha 15. It is a type of Rujakara marma16.

4 Aani marma is present 3 angula above and below elbow; injury to it causes shopha and stabdha bahuta17. It is a type of Vaikalyakara marma18. Kakshadhara is present between vaksha and kaksha; injury of this marma causes pakshaghata19. It is a type of Vaikalyakara marma20. The importance of snayu marma viddha lakshanas are highlighted in Astanga Hridaya. In case of injury to snayu marma it causes aayama, akshepaka, stambha, yanastana asana shakti vaikalya and marana21. Total no of snayu are 90022. Snayu present in each urdhwashakha are 150 i.e Anguli 30, tala, kurcha, manibandha 30, prakosta 30, kurpara 10, bahu 40 and kaksha 1023. Acharya Sushruta has mentioned about snayu viddha lakshana as kaubjya, sharira avayava sada, kriyasu ashaktihi, ruja and delayed healing of wound24.

PREVIOUS WORK DONE:  Arvind Kumar-A surgico-anatomical study of snayu marma- Lucknow University  Raghu U-Shareera rachana drishtya snayuvika marmon ka adhyayana Vitapa marma ke sandarbha mein-Rajasthan University 1991.  Sharma JK-Mansavaha srotas ke sandarbha mein snayu shareera ka vaigyanika adhyayana-Rajasthan University2001.

6.3) OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:  To critically analyze the regional anatomy of the urdhwa shakha gata snayu marma in comparison with the modern anatomy.  To identify the anatomical basis underlying the nomenclature of these marmas as snayu marma.

7) MATERIALS AND METHODS: 7.1) Source of data: Literature regarding snayu marma wil be collected from bruhatrayees, other Ayurvedic texts and will be correlated as well as analyzed with contemporary science. Dissection of upper limb of five cadavers will be done in region of Urdhwa shakha gata snayu Marmas in the dissection hall of S. D. M College of Ayurveda Udupi. Anatomical structures located in the area will be observed, analyzed as well as correlated in the view of ancient description of urdhwa shakha gata snayu marma.

5 7.2) METHODS OF COLLECTION OF DATA: Literary work, journals including all published on the concept related to the subject will be reviewed and related information will be collected and analyzed scientifically. Anatomical structures found in the regions of urdhwa shakha gata snayu marma will be confirmed with the help of cadaver dissection conducted in Shareera Rachana dept of S.D. M College of Ayurveda Udupi.

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA: Regional anatomy of urdhwa shakha gata snayu marma will be observed with the help of cadaver dissection and wil be specified. Consequences of the effect of injury to each Urdhwa shakha gata snayu marma will be analyzed with the help of modern applied anatomy.

7.3) DOES THIS STUDY REQUIRES ANY INVESTIGATION OR INTERVENTION TO BE CONDUCTED ON PATIENTS OR OTHER HUMAN OR ANIMALS? No, as the study is conducted on cadaver. No clinical and animal experimental study will be conducted.

7.4) HAS ETHICAL CLEARANCE HAS BEEN OBTAINED FROM YOUR INSTITUTION? Yes, clearance has been obtained through ethical committee formulated in our institution.

6 8) LIST OF REFERENCES:

1. Sushruta, Sushruta Samhita with the Nibandha Sangraha commentary of Sri Dalhana Acharya, edited by Vaidya Jaadvji Trikamji Acharya, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthana,Varanasi, 2010, Pp-824, p.370.

4. Sushruta, Sushruta Samhita with the Nibandha sangraha commentary of Sri Dalhana Acharya, edited by Vaidya Jaadvji Trikamji Acharya, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthana,Varanasi, 2010, Pp-824, p.370.

6. Sushruta, Sushruta Samhita with the Nibandha Sangraha commentary of Sri Dalhana Acharya, edited by Vaidya Jaadvji Trikamji Acharya, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthana,Varanasi, 2010, Pp-824, p.372-373.

7 7. Vagbhata, AshtangaHridaya with Sarvanga Sundara Vyakhyana of Arunadatta and Ayurveda Rasayana of Hemadri, edited by Pandit HariSadashiv Shastri Paradkar, Chaukhambha Sanskrit, Varanasi, 2010, Pp-956, p.414.

8. Sushruta,Sushruta Samhita with the Nibandha Sangraha commentary of Sri Dalhana Acharya, edited by Vaidya Jaadvji Trikamji Acharya, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthana,Varanasi, 2010, Pp-824, p.120. 9. Sushruta, Sushruta Samhita with the Nibandha Sangraha commentary of Sri Dalhana Acharya, edited by Vaidya Jaadvji Trikamji Acharya, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthana,Varanasi, 2010, Pp-824, p.371.

8 15. Sushruta, Sushruta Samhita with the Nibandha Sangraha commentary of Sri Dalhana Acharya, edited by Vaidya Jaadvji Trikamji Acharya, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthana,Varanasi, 2010, Pp-824, p.372-373.

21. Vagbhata, AshtangaHridaya with Sarvanga Sundara Vyakhyana of Arunadatta and Ayurveda Rasayana of Hemadri, edited by Pandit HariSadashiv Shastri Paradkar, Chaukhambha Sanskrit, Varanasi, 2010, Pp-956, p.414.

9 23. Sushruta, Sushruta Samhita with the Nibandha Sangraha commentary of Sri Dalhana Acharya, edited by Vaidya Jaadvji Trikamji Acharya, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthana,Varanasi, 2010, Pp-824, p.367.

24. Sushruta,Sushruta Samhita with the Nibandha Sangraha commentary of Sri Dalhana Acharya, edited by Vaidya Jaadvji Trikamji Acharya, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthana,Varanasi, 2012, Pp-824, p.120.

10 9) SIGNATURE OF THE CANDIDATE :

10) REMARKS OF THE GUIDE :

11) NAME AND DESIGNATION :

11.1) GUIDE : Dr.U. GOVINDA RAJU, M. D (Ayu), PROFESSOR & H.O.D, DEPT. OF P.G STUDIES IN SHAREERA RACHANA, S.D.M COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA, KUTHPADY, UDUPI-574118

11.2) SIGNATURE :

11.3) CO-GUIDE : Dr. KRISHNAMURTHY N, M.D (Ayu), ASSO. PROFESSOR, DEPT. OF P.G STUDIES IN SHAREERA RACHANA, S.D.M COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA, KUTHPADY, UDUPI-574118

11.4) SIGNATURE :

11.5) HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT : Dr. U. GOVINDA RAJU, M.D (Ayu), PROFESSOR & H.O.D, DEPT. OF P.G STUDIES IN SHAREERA RACHANA, S.D.M COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA, KUTHPADY, UDUPI-574118

11.6) SIGNATURE :

12) REMARKS OF THE CHAIRMAN & PRINCIPAL :

12.1) SIGNATURE :