Chapter 9: The Late Middle Ages

Chapter 20, 21 Test AP EUROPEAN HISTORY DO NOT WRITE ON THE TEST!

1. Which of the following was the most d. Wages should be set by urbanized country in 1850? the government a. Spain e. Wages will be fair when b. Germany private property is c. France abolished d. England e. Austria 6. In 1850 the largest group of employed women in England 2. During the first half of the nineteenth worked: century, the only thoroughly a. on the land mechanized industry was the b. in factories ______industry. c. in the mining industry a. chemical d. in small businesses b. textile e. as domestic servants c. oil d. mining 7. In the late eighteenth century, the e. construction British government sent persons convicted of the most serious crimes: 3. The process by which laborers come a. to Australia to participate in the wage labor force b. to South Africa is sometimes called: c. to India a. trans-compensation d. to Canada b. trans-capitalism e. to South America c. labor migration d. monetization 8. Historians attribute the "population e. proletarianization explosion" of the eighteenth century primarily to 4. Early factory owners permitted a a. the elimination of childhood man to employ whom as assistants? diseases A) his siblings b. a more abundant food supply B) his wife c. the widespread introduction C) his children of piped water and sewers D) both B and C d. the eradication of childbirth E) his parents fever e. new sanitary procedures in 5. David Ricardo’s Iron Law of Wages hospitals states: a. Industrial wages should 9. The idea that population growth will be increased always outstrip food supply was put b. Population will outstrip forward by: food supply a. Jeremy Bentham c. Increasing worker’s b. Adam Smith wages is pointless c. David Ricardo d. Thomas Malthus 14. Which of the following would NOT e. John Stuart Mill be considered part of the Chartist reform program? 10. Saint-Simon believed that, above all a. women’s rights else, modern society needed: b. annual election of the a. relaxation of gender roles House of Commons b. redistribution of wealth c.universal manhood suffrage c. a new conception of the d. salaries for Members of family Parliament d. tighter controls on social e.a secret ballot mores e. rational management 15. Which of the following did NOT contribute to the industrial strength 11. Charles Fourier believed that: of Great Britain in the nineteenth a. all European workers century? should form a single trade a. natural resources union b. strong markets for British b. sex was at the heart of goods social dysfunction c.adequate financial c. industrialization would resources solve all social evils d. considerable mobility d. industrialization ignored within society the passionate side of e.German technological human nature advances e. industrialization and anarchy were compatible 16. The largest railroad network in Europe before 1850 could be found 12. Marx derived the major ideas of the in: Communist Manifesto from: a. England a. Darwin’s theory of b. France evolution c.Belgium b. the French Enlightenment d. Germany c. German Kantianism e.Italy d. German Hegelianism e. the ideas of Malthus and 17. In the 1830s, many British workers Ricardo linked the solution of their economic plight to a program of political 13. The dynamic force behind the reform known as: revolutions of 1848 was the: a. Trade Unionism a. working poor b. New Labour b. political liberals/ c.English Socialism nationalists d. English Marxism c. socialists e.Chartism d. Marxists e. landless peasants 18. Anarchists: a. rejected industry b. rejected government D) diseases were kept at bay. c. rejected both industry and E) most rural areas were left all government but depopulated. d. rejected all aspects of socialism 23. Economic liberals favored: e. were powerful political a. protective tariffs players in Britain b. free trade c. price controls 19. In Marx’s view, historical change d. progressive taxation was, in all important respects, the e. property taxes result of: a. the emergence of men of 24. By the late 1830s, many British genius workers hung their hopes for reform b. class conflict on a platform known as: c. the unfolding of innate A) Simonianism. ideas B) Fourierism. d. pure chance C) Hegelianism. e. technological innovation D) Chartism. E) Marxism. 20. The Revolutions of 1848 erupted first in: 25. The Decembrist Revolt was led by: a. Britain a. junior officers b. Germany b. Russian socialists c. Austria c. leaders of the emerging d. France middle class e. Italy d. angry peasants e. cabinet ministers

21. The single most powerful ideology 26. Nicholas I saw serfdom as: of the nineteenth century was: a. a great evil that required a. nationalism immediate action b. Eionism b. part of the natural order c. conservatism of society d. socialism c. the basis of Russian e. anarchism prosperity d. a great evil, but too 22. Migration from the countryside dangerous to reform during the 19th century produced a e. consistent with Christian situation in which: teachings A) the physical resources of cities were stretched beyond 27. In the French elections of 1830, the capacity. liberals: B) the physical resources of a. saw their power cities were able to be ratcheted diminished up to meet capacity. b. suffered an C) crime rates were unaffected. unprecedented defeat c. won a stunning victory d. were not represented on 32. Alexander I’s reign (1801–1825) can the ballot be considered as e. saw their chances of a. liberal throughout gaining power slip b. conservative throughout c. liberal before Napoleon 28. The Concert of Europe was: and conservative after a. a free trade zone d. a total disaster b. an arrangement for e. a decisive turning point in resolving mutual foreign Russian history that policy issues marked the end of the c. an organization of Tsars economic liberals d. a term for the cultural 33. Early in the nineteenth century flowering of the early ______assumed the role as a nineteenth century protector of Serbia. e. a total failure a. Austria b. England 29. The real goal of early nineteenth- c. France century political liberals was: d. Russia a. mass democracy e. Prussia b. the end of monarchy c. free education for all 34. Metternich’s beliefs epitomized: d. the end of poverty a. ethnic nationalism e. political reform based on b. national socialism private property c. political liberalism d. economic liberalism 30. ______was an important e. conservatism complement to liberalism in this period. 35. 15. The Four Ordinances issued by a. Socialism Charles X did all of the following b. Nationalism EXCEPT: c. Christianity a. restrict freedom of the d. Urbanization press e. Industrialization b. restrict the franchise to only the wealthiest people 31. The Great Reform Bill: in the country a. reduced the power of the c. dissolve the Chamber of British monarch Deputies b. lowered grain tariffs d. empowered the working c. gave all adult men the poor with voting rights same political rights e. provoke a strong reaction d. ended capital punishment from the French public in England e. expanded the size of the 36. The Great Reform Bill of 1832 English electorate finally passed because: a. of fears of mob violence b. new elections were held 41. Which of the following countries for the House of saw the most improvement in Commons agricultural methods in the c. the king threatened to alter eighteenth century? the structure of the House a. the Netherlands of Lords b. Poland d. of the Peterloo Massacre c. Russia e. a plebiscite demonstrated d. Prussia widespread popular e. Spain support for the bill 42. The key invention that allowed 37. Under Metternich’s leadership in the industrialization to spread from one early 1820s, Austria moved to area of production to another was suppress revolutions in: the: a. Belgium and Hungary a. spinning jenny b. Italy and the Balkans b. water frame c. Prussia and the Balkans c. steam engine d. Spain and Italy d. cotton gin e. Hungary and Prussia e. flying shuttle

38. What power lost territory and 43. Serfs were worst off in: prestige as a result of the Greek a. Prussia Revolution of 1821? b. Russia a. the Ottoman Empire c. Austria b. France d. Poland c. Britain e. Hungary d. Austria e. Russia 44. The most active proponents of the innovations known collectively as 39. Toussaint L’Ouverture led a the Agricultural Revolution were: successful revolution in: a. urban elites a. Corsica b. monarchs b. Haiti c. peasants c. New Spain d. landlords d. Sardinia e. intellectuals e. Quebec 45. The Industrial Revolution came first 40. The wars of independence in South to: America were led by: a. France a. peninsulares b. Great Britain b. Creoles c. Prussia c. mestizos d. the Netherlands d. mulattos e. Austria e. maroons 46. Urban life in the major European (E) Austria cities during the Industrial Revolution was characterized by 49. The British Great Reform Act of (A) rapid social mobility among 1832 did which of the following? recent migrants from the (A) Gave women the right to countryside vote. (B) overcrowded living (B) Granted universal male conditions and unsafe working suffrage. conditions for the working poor (C) Limited the power of the (C) the adoption of laissez-faire monarchy. attitudes by industrial workers (D) Abolished the right of the (D) government control of major House of Lords to veto industrial companies legislation. (E) an increase in the nobility's (E) Increased the voting power of power over the urban population the middle class.

47. "The whole history of society up to 50. The revolutions of 1848: now has been the history of class A) resulted in a unified middle Struggles. Our period, however, the and working class. bourgeois period, is distinguished by B) were successful in the fact that it has simplified class establishing liberal or national antagonisms. All society is splitting states. more and more into two great hostile C) ended monarchy in Europe camps, into two large classes forever. opposing each other directly: D) won new political power for bourgeoisie and proletariat. the working class. E) failed to establish liberal or national states. Which of the following wrote the passage above? (A) Prince von Metternich and Viscount Castlereagh (B) Karl Marx and Friedrich 51. Which of the following is not a Engels quote from “Star Wars” (C) John Stuart Mill and Harriet a. “Use the force, Luke!” Taylor b. “The needs of the many (D) Beatrice and Sydney Webb outweigh the needs of the (E) Benjamin Disraeli and few, or the one.” William Gladstone c. “No! Try not. Do, or do not. There is no try.” 48. Which of the following escaped the d. “In my experience, there's revolutionary outburst of 1848? no such thing as luck (A) France e. “Never tell me the odds!” (B) Prussia (C) Sweden (D) Italy Answers: 30. Multiple Choice: 1-D, 2-B, 3-E, 4-D, 5- C, 6-E, 7-A, 8-B, 9-D, 10-E, 11-D, 12-D, 13-B, 14-A, 15-E, 16-A, 17-E, 18-C, 19-B, 20-D.

21-A, 22-A, 23-B, 24-D, 25-A, 26-D, 27-C, 28-B, 29-E, 30-B, 31-E, 32-C, 33-D, 34-E, 35-D, 36-C, 37- D, 38-A, 39-B, 40-B.

41-A, 42-C, 43-B, 44-d, 45-B 46-B, 47- B, 48-C, 49-E, 50-E