Unit 4: Foundations of Western Ideas Chapter 7 The Hebrews and Judaism Section 1: The Early Hebrews Pages 202-207 The Early Hebrews Social Studies Reading Guide

THE BIG IDEA: Originally desert nomads, the Hebrews established a great kingdom called Israel.  MAIN IDEA #1  MAIN IDEA #2  MAIN IDEA #3 Abraham & Moses led the Hebrews Strong Kings united the Israelites Invaders conquered & ruled the to Canaan & to a new religion. to fight off invaders. Hebrews after their kingdom broke  MAIN IDEA #4 apart. Some women in Hebrew society made great contributions

Key Terms and People: Define or identify the following terms and people. Judaism Abraham The Hebrew religion  Father of the Hebrews  Spoke to God and moved the Hebrews from Mesopotamia to Canaan

Moses Exodus A Hebrew leader that led the Hebrews out of  The journey of the Hebrews, led by Moses, Egypt and back to Canaan from Egypt to Canaan after they were freed from slavery. Ten Commandments David A code of moral laws that God gave to Moses on  2nd Israelite king. Mt. Sinai.  Defeated the Philistines  Established the capital of Israel in Jerusalem Solomon Diaspora  3rd King of Israel  Scattering of the Jews outside of Israel and  Expanded Israelite kingdom Judah  Made Egypt and Phoenicia his allies  Made Israel wealthy through trade  Built the a great temple to God in Jerusalem

Main Idea #1: 1. What is the name of the Hebrew religion? Judaism

2. Who was Abraham & where did he move? Abraham was the Father of the Hebrews. He spoke to God and moved the Hebrews from Mesopotamia to Canaan

3. Summarize the events that led to the Exodus –  The Hebrews left Canaan and moved to Egypt

HOLT CA Social Studies: Ancient Civilizations  Pharaoh enslaved the Hebrews  God told Moses to demand that Pharaoh free the Hebrews  Pharaoh refused  God struck Egypt with 10 Plagues  Pharaoh agreed to free the slaves  Moses led the slaves out of Egypt

4. What code of moral laws did God give to Moses? The 10 Commandments

5. How did the Ten Commandments shape Hebrew life?  The Hebrews agreed to worship one God  Value human life  Practice self – control and justice

6. Why did Moses lead the Hebrews to Canaan?  Canaan was the land that God promised Abraham.  It was where God originally sent the Hebrews.

Main Idea #2: 7. How did the Hebrews respond to the Philistine invasion?

They banded together under a chosen king to lead them into battle

8. Why is David significant in the history of Judaism?  David was the first king of Israel to gain full support of tribal and religious leaders.  He created the capital of Israel.  He defeated the Philistines

9. Who was the greater king, David or Solomon? Please explain why!  David, because he was well loved, defeated the Philistines, and created the capital  Solomon, because be made Israel rich, expanded the kingdom and built a temple to God.

Main Idea #3: 10. What events led to the Diaspora? Parisian conquered the Chaldeans and let the Jews return to Jerusalem, but many Jews moved to various parts of the Persian Empire instead.

12. What patterns do you see throughout Jewish history? Patterns of migration, enslavement and warfare.

Main Idea #4: 13. Why is Ruth important to Jewish history?

Her devotion to her mother –in-law served as a model to Hebrews for how to treat family.

14. How could women gain power in Hebrew society?

HOLT CA Social Studies: Ancient Civilizations  By becoming political, spiritual, or military leaders.  Through family lineage of there were males in the home.

Theme Connection: Religion 15. How did Roman rule affect Jewish society & religion?

Jewish society experienced many great advances, such as religious education. However he Jews were still unhappy with Roman rule, especially since the Romans wanted the Jews to worship Roman emperors.

HOLT CA Social Studies: Ancient Civilizations